CN104026045B - Highland and severe cold cold water cray method for large scale cultivation - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of highland and severe cold cold water cray method for large scale cultivation, comprises the following steps: pond is built: this pond comprises the profundal zone of central authorities and the phytal zone of periphery thereof, between the two with harden zone chamfered transition; The mud ridge is built by profundal zone central authorities, and this mud ridge length does not contact with pond inwall; The dyke in described pond adds some water inlet pipes; The described profundal zone degree of depth: winter 2-2.5 rice, summer 1.2-1.5 rice; Cray is put in a suitable place to breed; Raise and throw something and feed; Daily management and water quality management; Fish for.The present invention by the improvement of pond structure to ensure cray and survive the winter smoothly and warm water of annotating latter stage at the beginning of winter to extend the enforcement of the measures such as the growth length of food organisms to improve water temperature, make cray seed fatten survival rate more than 80% at highland and severe cold areas, per mu yield reaches more than 700 kilograms.

Description

Highland and severe cold cold water cray method for large scale cultivation

Technical field

The present invention relates to technical field of aquaculture, especially a kind of highland and severe cold cold water cray method for large scale cultivation.

Background technology

Cray is the local aquatic products kind of the U.S., is introduced into China afterwards by Japan.Since introduction, China receives liking of a lot of people.Cray production capacity is strong, and economic worth is high, cultivate so start cray in the south of aquaculture prosperity and a lot of raiser in east and goes on scale, and the Northwest introduces to cultivate with popularization and rarely has report.Trace sth. to its source, the north harsh environmental effects growth of cray, summer, first autumn pond in North China water temperature day and night temperature do not meet the quick growth conditions of lobster very much, but Qiu Mo and water temperature in winter change comparatively obvious, enter winter pond and seal ice comprehensively, pond dissolved oxygen is more and more lower, pond temperature declines gradually, and pasture and water stop growing, and can cause anoxic thus to lobster, water temperature is low does not take food, difficulty of looking for food.Cause lobster survival rate after surviving the winter low, under northwest plateau Alpine-cold condition, be thus difficult to the large-scale farming forming cray.Below that bright for this law enforcement is as follows with the geographical environment comparison in difference of Xuyi, south China cray breeding scale ground:

the two places growing environment factor compares

Compare with cray culture zone, Xuyi, can see from upper table, Xuyi County cray vegetative period comparatively long 130 days of Lanzhou dragon's fountain, the maximum air temperature temperature difference is high 5 DEG C, the minimum air temperature temperature difference is high 16 DEG C, and height above sea level differs 2055 meters, shows dragon's fountain lobster culture zone, Lanzhou place highland and severe cold areas, growth cycle is short, and cray living environment is poor.

Summary of the invention

The invention provides a kind of highland and severe cold cold water cray method for large scale cultivation, make cray in the Northwest, can survive the winter smoothly and ensure large-scale cultivation especially in the winter time.

For this reason, the technical scheme adopted is:

A kind of highland and severe cold cold water cray method for large scale cultivation, comprises the following steps:

1) pond is built: this pond comprises the profundal zone of central authorities and the phytal zone of periphery thereof, between the two with harden zone chamfered transition; The mud ridge is built by profundal zone central authorities, and this mud ridge length does not contact with pond inwall; The dyke in described pond adds some water inlet pipes; The described profundal zone degree of depth: winter 2-2.5 rice, summer 1.2-1.5 rice;

2) cray is put in a suitable place to breed: adopt stocking model in summer: to put first the young shrimp hatched then, and the time of putting in a suitable place to breed, every mu of stocking size was young shrimp 30,000 tail ~ 40,000 tails of more than 0.8 centimetre at the beginning of 7 months;

3) raise and throw something and feed: comprising high protein feed, it is by composite mineral matter 1.5%, adhesive 0.5%, mixed vitamin 1.5%, fish meal 30%, plateau green soya bean flour 20%-30%, corn flour 10%-15%, wheat bran 10%-15%, the flax dregs of fat 5%-10%, bean dregs 10%-15% form, rub as diameter 1-2mm particle according to aforementioned proportion processing, for subsequent use after mixing, meanwhile, in pond planting aquatic plants as the natural bait of lobster;

4) daily management and water quality management: water quality management comprises reasonable adjusting water quality, attention pool bottom environment, in time controlling disease and increases things concealed, and this things concealed is the water plants planted in pond, and the area of this water plants accounts for 60% of water surface area;

5) fish for.

Cover layer canopy is set above described pond.

The freezed in winter initial stage to the pond filling water of 8-12 DEG C, to delay ice period; Winter Mo to the pond filling water of 8-12 DEG C, to accelerate pond ice-melt speed.

The present invention by the improvement of pond structure to ensure cray and survive the winter smoothly and warm water of annotating latter stage at the beginning of winter to extend the enforcement of the measures such as the growth length of food organisms to improve water temperature, cray seed is made to fatten survival rate more than 80% at highland and severe cold areas, per mu yield reaches more than 700 kilograms, and the food organisms such as phytoplankton, zooplankton, aquatic insect, water plants vegetative period correspondingly extend 58 days, for cray cultivation high yield creates the food organisms water body living environment compared with horn of plenty under water.

Lobster belongs to Special Breed in northwest, and northwest cultivates successfully increases northwest fishery cultivating kind, effectively can drive the development of marine industry.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the structural representation in pond in prior art;

Wherein: label 6 is phytal zone, label 7 is profundal zone;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation in pond of the present invention.

Embodiment

According to the embodiment of the aquaculture base of bamboo highland and severe cold lobster cultivation Co., Ltd permanent in Gansu, the present invention is further described below.

A kind of highland and severe cold cold water cray method for large scale cultivation, concrete steps are as follows:

(1)implement place and condition

Project Areas, away from ocean, belongs to typical continental climate.Year maximum air temperature 34.4 DEG C, year minimum air temperature-28.1 DEG C, in the year of amplitude of diurnal variation, average is 13.5 DEG C, between year sunshine duration 1859.2 ~ 3042.7h, year percentage of possible sunshine 51%, wherein 5 ~ June, the sunshine time was the longest, sunshine time in September is the shortest, total solar radiation amount is 129.758 kilocalories/cm2, the active accumulated temperature of >=0 DEG C 2893.0 DEG C, the active accumulated temperature of >=10 DEG C 2229 DEG C, year evaporation discharge 1234 ~ 1879.8mm, annual precipitation 290.2mm, annual from Feng Bing in about 20 days November, next year ice-melt on March 20, about about 110 ~ 125 days ice age of envelope, ice layer thickness is 15 ~ 20cm, about 240 days aquaculture phases, water quality is good, fertile soil (yellow unconcerned sierozem is main), completely suitable aquaculture.

The permanent bamboo aquaculture base in The Dragon Spring Temple, Yongdeng is positioned at The Dragon Spring Temple town, Yongdeng County, takes up an area 300 mu, existing freshwater cultured area 200 mu, pond size not etc., each pond average area 10 mu, the depth of water 2 meters.Without industrial pollution and environmental pollution in district, water quality is clear, air cleaner.

Fatten nurturing period source quality and water temperature change in table 1, table 2

Source quality information slip tested by table 1

Nurturing period water temperature situation of change table fattened by table 2

(temperature measurement method: sunrise every morning and afternoon 3:00 measure respectively once, be minimum and the highest water temperature.Fathom at 10cm place, underwater, pond)

(2) facility is cultivated

Pond, cultivation base has abundant water resources, and water quality is good, and water inlet draining is convenient, and test 3, pond, each area is 10 mu.The ridge, pond gradient angle is 30 degree, and the ridge, pond is wide 1.5 meters, and the ridge, pond surrounding arranges 0.5 meter high, the anti-of inner wall smooth escape wall or anti-escape plate 1.Build the Bu Yuchi ridge, two, the mud ridge 5, Ni Geng in the middle of pond to be connected, the mud ridge is about as pond long 4/5, and the ridge is wide 1 meter, and the ridge exceeds the water surface 5 centimetres ~ 10 centimetres.The depth of water 1.5 meters, centre is profundal zone 4, and surrounding has phytal zone 3, by harden zone 2 chamfered transition between profundal zone 4 and phytal zone 3.The mud ridge 5 of one meter wide arranged in the middle of pond is mainly cray and survives the winter and provide habitat.Put front strict sterilization in a suitable place to breed, every mu of animal dung executing to become thoroughly decomposed 400 kilograms.In pond, the eel grass, hydrilla verticillata, calamus etc. of growth account for pond area 60%.The described profundal zone degree of depth: winter 2-2.5 rice, summer, 1.2-1.5 rice, was the preference temperature ensured required for the growth of winter or summer cray.The improvement of cultivating pool of the present invention mainly based on: cray mainly concentrates on profundal zone daytime, can avoid being interfered in profundal zone, pool central authorities build the mud ridge and can to burrow winter to lobster and provide place, and creating good living environment to lobster and survive the winter provides infrastructural support.The dissolved oxygen amount of cray cultivating pool will reach more than 4 mg/litre, cray can restrain oneself the low dissolved oxygen of 1 mg/litre in a short time, but there is harmful effect to physiological activity, shrimp disturbance can be made to climb out of, raise the nose above water to breathe, the lobster when dissolved oxygen is low just climbs to phytal zone to excavation phytal zone, pond, daily feeding is all thrown in phytal zone, and phytal zone feeding is convenient to observe, and it is necessary for therefore excavating phytal zone.Daytime, cray mainly concentrated on profundal zone activity, and pool central authorities built the mud ridge and can to burrow winter to lobster and provide place, and creating good living environment to lobster and survive the winter provides infrastructural support at phytal zone activity food evening.Pond, cray culture zone, more existing Xuyi, pond service efficiency after the present invention improves is higher, make the maximization of cray living environment quality, optimization, obtain raising by a relatively large margin and meet, distribution and the growing way of food organisms will be more abundant, especially optimal selection is accomplished in the growth distribution of pasture and water and its growth, and the pond environment of cray life is further tending towards natural environment.It is more reasonable that cray fattens the reasonably combined more existing south China pond construction in phytal zone, the pool, profundal zone and the ridge, pond, the distribution etc. of pasture and water cultivated area, pasture and water upgrowth situation and pasture and water kind needed for cray growth all reaches optimum, the distribution of variety classes pasture and water is different, phytal zone, profundal zone can avoid single variety pasture and water to grow the full pool of covering in great numbers in the past, the overstocked improvement pasture and water affecting water quality of pasture and water exceed some, pond is melted oxygen and can be declined very fast, and water body is anaerobic condition.The habitat that cray life habit determines comparatively south China fattens the design of shrimp pond, and have a revolutionary change, superior habitat is accomplished to greatest extent.

The Dragon Spring Temple, Yongdeng County, Gansu Province county, the invention process ground belongs to highland and severe cold areas, every year from Feng Bing in about 20 days November, and next year ice-melt on March 20, about about 110 ~ 125 days ice age of envelope, long.According to this feature, for ensureing that cray survives the winter winter smoothly, seal (being still in the winter Mo of ice period) at the beginning of ice time and 2 months next years early winter continuously to be annotated the spring of 8-12 DEG C or underground water or water by water inlet original in pond, delay and accelerate pond knot, ice-melt speed, generally can postpone icing 20 days, winter end can shift to an earlier date ice-melt in 28 days, shortens about 58 days ice period.

In addition, use Qingzhou City Yong Guan plastics Co., Ltd according to the habit of growth of fishes and shrimps, the aquatic products shed film special of special production (has tensile strength high, the high grade of transparency, morning quick heating, good heat preservation performance characteristic), be skeleton with iron wire at the beginning of annual 2 months, be covered in by canopy film on cray cultivating pool, the covering phase is 60 days.

After adopting above-mentioned measure, average temperature reached 12 DEG C March 20, and March 31 reached 15 DEG C, and ice entirely becomes water and shifts to an earlier date 40 days than former years.Also the filling dragon's fountain underground deep layer water of 8-12 DEG C or the method for water is adopted early winter, icing 20 days can be postponed, the food organisms such as phytoplankton, zooplankton, aquatic insect, water plants vegetative period correspondingly extend two months, for cray cultivation high yield creates good water body living environment under water.

The water inlet pipe added in the present invention, for pond water circulation creates condition, as the cultivating pool in the north, ice is all sealed in face, the pool in winter, feed fish feeding and must pound ice eye, northern weather is more southern cold again, must pound ice eye every day to meet lobster and fish to the demand of oxygen.The present invention is equipped with several water inlet above pond, water inlet lays the relatively low diameter 200mm of price, thickness of pipe wall: 2.0-6.2(mm) pvc pipeline, during pipe laying, pipeline opening is more high better from the pond water surface, arrange the inertia that can increase water like this, increase water surface flowing water area, pipe water outlet is from dyke three to five meters, arrange pipeline mainly ice-out be pipe water outlet to surrounding derive, so arrange can increase ice-melt area and increase water circulation.

With the position, pond that the water inlet pipe position added in the present invention is suitable, the animal dung of becoming thoroughly decomposed is spread fertilizer over the fields every 10-20 days, concrete quantity judges according to water inlet pasture and water upgrowth situation, be sure not excess, winter Feng Binghou water inlet, water temperature is high, molten oxygen is high, pasture and water riotous growth, provides good habitat to fishes and shrimps, is more conducive to the growth of lobster.

(3) mode and fry quality is put in a suitable place to breed

1, mode is put in a suitable place to breed

(1) put way choice foundation in a suitable place to breed: juvenile prawn is put in a suitable place to breed and mainly take Three models in fish production: first the young shrimp 1. putting in a suitable place to breed summer to hatch then is master, and the time of putting in a suitable place to breed, every mu of stocking size was young shrimp 30,000 tail ~ 40,000 tails of more than 0.8 centimetre at the beginning of 7 months.2. put the large gauge shrimp seedling cultivated then autumn in a suitable place to breed or shrimp species are master, the time of putting in a suitable place to breed in mid-August to September.Shrimp seedling specification is 1.2 cm, puts 2.5 ten thousand tails ~ 30,000 tails in a suitable place to breed for every mu.Shrimp species specification is 2.5 centimetres ~ 3 centimetres, puts 1.5 ten thousand tails ~ 20,000 tails in a suitable place to breed for every mu.3. put in a suitable place to breed spring general in March in next year ~ April, to put the shrimp not meeting specification of going on the market then in a suitable place to breed, every mu put in a suitable place to breed 100 tails/kilogram ~ 200 tails/kilogram shrimp species 1.5 ten thousand tail ~ 20,000 tails, through cultivation in spring, to June ~ harvesting listing in July.

(2) actually put way choice in a suitable place to breed: according to cray biological property and Project Areas actual conditions, adopt stocking model in summer.

fry quality

The gross that shrimp seedling shrimp species are selected requires: one is neat specification.Young shrimp specification is more than 0.8 centimetre, and shrimp species specification is at 3 cm, and the shrimp seedling shrimp species specification that same pond is put in a suitable place to breed wants consistent, single step of releasing foot; Two is that physique is healthy and strong, and appendage is complete, and anosis without wound, vitality is strong; Three are shrimp seedling shrimp species is all artificial culture.

The juvenile prawn that air transport comes is placed in basin to support temporarily and puts in a suitable place to breed for 20 minutes again, before putting in a suitable place to breed, first juvenile prawn is put in plastic basin, a small amount of Chi Shui is slowly added in basin, to water in basin temperature and pond water temperature close, the saline solution dipping bath adding 3% ~ 4% by water in basin amount is again sterilized 5 minutes, then juvenile prawn is slowly put into pond (noting when putting in a suitable place to breed avoiding being exposed to the sun) along pool side.

(4) breeding density

Table 3: cray density throws in information slip

(5) raise and throw something and feed

For ensureing the nutrient accumulation that cray is fattened, cultivate the method adopting the high protein feed developed voluntarily to combine with the natural bait of pond rearing.The high protein feed artificial feed developed voluntarily mainly comprise composite mineral matter 1.5%, adhesive 0.5%, mixed vitamin 1.5%, fish meal 30%, plateau green soya bean flour 20%-30%, corn flour 10%-15%, wheat bran 10%-15%, the flax dregs of fat 5%-10%, bean dregs 10%-15%; Flax dregs of fat fat content height is delicious, and lobster is liked eating, and bean dregs must cooked, raw bean dregs cray and fish nondigestible, seriously can affect the enteron aisle of cray and fish thereof.Rub as diameter 1-2mm particle according to aforementioned proportion processing, mixing is thrown something and fed.

Green soya bean is generally planted in China, and northeastward, North China, river, Shan, Gan Douyou plantation, plateau green soya bean be the bean varieties of local peculiar plantation, and green soya bean plantation output is relatively high; Below every 100g green soya bean and soybean nutritional analysis of components table 4:

July ~ October, water temperature was suitable for, and was the season of growth of shrimp, and when ensuring the quality of products, the daily ration, feeding quantity of every day should be grasped to have enough, eats up, not stay residual bait to be as the criterion, and throws something and feeds every day 2 times, each 1 time sooner or later.Day feeding volume is 2% ~ 5% of shrimp body weight.Because cray is mainly in feed at night, so evening, feeding volume accounted for 70% ~ 80% of full-time bait, bait will be thrown in pool side shallow water.

The swimming ability of cray is poor, and scope of activities is less, and has the habit of occupation of land, therefore throws to raise according to timing, fixed point, determine matter, quantitative principle, many throwings when attention weather is fine simultaneously, high temperature is sultry, continuously overcast and rainy or water quality overrich then throw less; Throw less during large quantities of shrimp shell, many throwings after shell.

(6) daily management and water quality management

1 daily management: adhere to that every day patrols the pool, process in time of pinpointing the problems.Topdress in good time, after shrimp seedling puts 1 week in a suitable place to breed, every mu of animal dung executing to become thoroughly decomposed 50 kilograms ~ 60 kilograms, the cultivation middle and later periods, execute 15 kilograms ~ 20 kilograms, the muck fermented every first quarter moon every mu, keep Chi Shui to be pea green or dark brown, transparency is at 35 cm, pH value is between 7 ~ 9, and dissolved oxygen amount is greater than 4 mg/litre.

water quality management

(1). reasonable adjusting water quality.Every about two weeks, be used alternatingly photosynthetic bacteria and quicklime carry out full pool spilling head to improve water quality, to regulate water pH value, reduce ammonia-nitrogen content in pond, regular application of phosphoric acid calcium dihydrogen is to increase the content (consumption of calcium dihydrogen phosphate is 2 kgs/acre/meter) of pond water intermediate ion calcium in addition, grow to promote that cray shells, 1 new water is changed every 10 days ~ about 15 days notes, each quantity of exchanged water is about 1/3 of the former pond water yield, water transparence control dark at 35 centimetres more than, when weather is overheated, in good time intensification Chi Shui, with stabilization pond water water temperature.

(2). note pool bottom environment.When bad weather, daily ration, feeding quantity be reduced or stop bait throwing in, and noting observing, skimming residual bait and foreign material in pond in time, keeping pond to clean.If find, lobster is slow in reacting, when trip collection swashes to bank, then anoxic is described, accomplishes to annotate in time new water.

(3). controlling disease in time, disease control is relied mainly on prevention.Regular water body is carried out disinfection while, the medicine such as multiannensional-sine, calcium tablet to be added to strengthen the immunity of cray in feed.

(4). increase things concealed: planting aquatic plants in culturing pool, as the perching of lobster, sheltered situation, also can be the agreeable to the taste bait of lobster, both saved aquaculture cost, also can play the effect of regulating water quality simultaneously.In pond, the area of the water plants such as eel grass, hydrilla verticillata, calamus of growth accounts for 60% of water surface area.

(7) fish for

Utilize lobster basket, cast net, draw in the net the measures such as seizure and fish for, implement to catch to stay greatly little method, do not reach listing specification (less than 30 grams/fish) continue stay pond to raise.

result of implementation of the present invention

1 input and output

Test from July 1st, 2013 throws in cray seed, cultivating utilized lobster basket irregularly to fish for after 40 days, implemented to catch and stay greatly little method, do not reach listing specification (less than 30 grams/fish) continue stay pond raising measure, all fished for end to October 25, the fattening cultivation time goes through 117 days.Input and output the results are shown in Table 5, table 6.

table 5: commodity become shrimp yield table

table 6: cray fattens rough cost book

2 economic benefits

No. 1, No. 2, No. 3 pond cray gross yields reach 19200 kilograms, the gross output value 558850 yuan, total expenditure 212310 yuan, and get a profit 346540 yuan altogether, mu gets a profit 11551 yuan, input-output ratio 1:1.6.

interpretation of result

Because cray has the life habit of mutual canteen, the size of breeding density is huge to cultivation cray Efficiency.Pond basic condition is identical, way to manage is identical in this test No. 1, No. 2, No. 3, and cray is with a batch input, and specification is 0.8 ㎝ (450 tails/jin), and arranging breeding density is 10,000 tails/mu, 3.5 ten thousand tails/mu, 50,000 tails/mu, three gradients.From cultivation per mu yield, No. 2 ponds are the highest, take second place in No. 3 ponds, No. 1 pond is minimum.No. 2 pond per mu yields reach 862 kilograms, than the many increase by 577 kilograms of 1, No. 3 pond per mu yield, 89 kilograms; From cultivation mu commodity output, No. 2 ponds are the highest, take second place in No. 3 ponds, No. 1 pond is minimum.Commodity output No. 2 ponds are 1.9 times and 1.5 times of 1, No. 3 pond; From cultivation commodity rate, No. 1 pond is the highest, take second place in No. 2 ponds, No. 3 ponds are minimum; From cultivation survival rate, No. 1 pond is the highest, take second place in No. 2 ponds, No. 3 ponds are minimum; From aquaculture cost, No. 3 ponds the highest (8943 yuan/mu), No. 2 ponds are taken second place (7641 yuan/mu), No. 1 pond minimum (4647 yuan/mu); From cultivation mu profit, No. 2 ponds the highest (18439 yuan/mu), No. 3 ponds are taken second place (9587 yuan/mu), No. 1 pond minimum (6628 yuan/mu).

Above-mentioned result of the test illustrates, No. 2 pond survival rates, commodity rate, aquaculture cost are placed in the middle, and output is the highest, and economic benefit is best, illustrates that breeding density is 3.5 ten thousand tails/mu optimum.

By adding subsurface-water injection or spring in the icing later stage in early stage, after icing later stage pond overlay film measure, one is the temperature requirement that pond water temperature of icing later stage reaches cray growth very soon, average temperature is reaching 15 DEG C by the end of March, pond under local natural conditions now water temperature is only 5-8 degree, ice entirely becomes water and shifts to an earlier date 28 days than former years, can postpone icing 20 days icing early stage; Two is extend the food organisms such as phytoplankton, zooplankton, aquatic insect, water plants vegetative period under water, many increases by 58 days in vegetative period.Add the natural bait total amount of cray fattening period; Three is that at the beginning of 4 months, every mu of water surface quicklime 130 kilograms is soluble in water, evenly splash in full pond, reach the object effectively killing harmful organisms in pond and pathogenic bacteria, every mu of animal dung executing to become thoroughly decomposed 150 kilograms ~ 200 kilograms cultivation pasture and water and water quality, main lobster pond pasture and water coverage rate of supporting is made to reach about 60%, raised speed sterilization water body, to cultivate plentiful bait material biological, the follow-up of above-mentioned measure, ensure that cray seed can enter the pool in good time, create superior cray living environment, for cray high yield lays the foundation.

Claims (3)

1. a highland and severe cold areas cray method for large scale cultivation, comprises the following steps:

1) pond is built: this pond comprises the profundal zone of central authorities and the phytal zone of periphery thereof, between the two with harden zone chamfered transition; The mud ridge is built by profundal zone central authorities, and this mud ridge length does not contact with pond inwall; The dyke in described pond adds some water inlet pipes; The described profundal zone degree of depth: winter 2-2.5 rice, summer 1.2-1.5 rice;

2) cray is put in a suitable place to breed: adopt stocking model in summer: to put first the young shrimp hatched then, and the time of putting in a suitable place to breed, every mu of stocking size was young shrimp 30,000 tail ~ 40,000 tails of more than 0.8 centimetre at the beginning of 7 months;

3) raise and throw something and feed: comprising high protein feed, it is by composite mineral matter 1.5%, adhesive 0.5%, mixed vitamin 1.5%, fish meal 30%, plateau green soya bean flour 20%-30%, corn flour 10%-15%, wheat bran 10%-15%, the flax dregs of fat 5%-10%, bean dregs 10%-15% form, rub as diameter 1-2mm particle according to aforementioned proportion processing, for subsequent use after mixing, meanwhile, in pond planting aquatic plants as the natural bait of lobster;

4) daily management and water quality management: water quality management comprises reasonable adjusting water quality, attention pool bottom environment, in time controlling disease and increases things concealed, and this things concealed is the water plants planted in pond, and the area of this water plants accounts for 60% of water surface area;

5) fish for.

2. a kind of highland and severe cold areas cray method for large scale cultivation according to claim 1, is characterized in that: arrange cover layer canopy above described pond.

3. a kind of highland and severe cold areas cray method for large scale cultivation according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the freezed in winter initial stage to the pond filling water of 8-12 DEG C, to delay ice period; Winter Mo to the pond filling water of 8-12 DEG C, to accelerate pond ice-melt speed.