CH719133B1 - Resonator for watch movement and oscillator comprising such a resonator. - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a watch resonator, comprising – a balance (6) intended to pivot and exhibit oscillations of axis X1, – a balance pinion (20) of axis X1 secured to the balance (6), – an oscillating mobile (22) comprising teeth engaged with the balance pinion (20) and intended to pivot on either side of a rest position, to exhibit oscillations of axis X2, – an elastic return member arranged to cooperate with the oscillating mobile (22) and tend to return it to its rest position, in which the elastic return member is a hairspring (8) arranged to be able to exhibit oscillations of axis X3, distinct from axis X1 , and of amplitude different from the amplitude of the oscillations of the balance (6), preferably lower. The invention also relates to an oscillator comprising such a resonator, as well as a watch movement and a timepiece comprising such an oscillator.

Description

Technical area

[0001] The present invention relates to a resonator, intended to cooperate with an escapement mechanism of a watch movement, comprising – a balance wheel intended to pivot on either side of a rest position and exhibit oscillations of axis X1, - a balance pinion of axis oscillations of axis X2, – a balance spring arranged to be able to present oscillations of axis X3, distinct from axis cooperate with the oscillating mobile and tend to bring it back to its rest position.

[0002] The invention also relates to an oscillator comprising such a resonator associated with an escapement mechanism, as well as a watch movement and a timepiece comprising such an oscillator.

State of the art

Various resonators meeting the above characteristics, and corresponding oscillators, are already known in the state of the art.

[0004] By way of illustration, patent application WO 2015/010797 A1 describes an oscillator comprising a resonator whose balance shaft carries a pinion arranged in engagement with a toothed mobile directly playing the role of an anchor by its cooperation with an escape mechanism. An elastic return member is arranged to cooperate with the toothed mobile and tend to bring it permanently back to its rest position, thus giving an oscillating movement to the balance, with an amplitude of oscillations greater than that of the oscillations of the toothed mobile. According to a first embodiment, the toothed wheel directly carries two rollers arranged to cooperate alternately with an escape wheel, to control the movements of the wheels of the finishing gear and ensure the maintenance of the oscillations of the balance wheel. According to another embodiment, the axis of the balance wheel carries a plate provided with a pin intended to cooperate with the escape wheel via an anchor, in a conventional manner. Other embodiments are described in which the toothed member directly presents an elastic portion so that it is not necessary to couple it to an additional specific return member.

[0005] Generally speaking, a main object of this previous patent application is to propose various constructions of oscillators in which the elastic return member is not a spiral spring, in particular to be able to overcome manufacturing difficulties such springs, as well as operating problems directly linked to their structure and their mode of deformation. However, the proposed constructions closest to previous solutions present problems linked to their size, while the variants which are more distinguishable from known solutions may pose problems in their assembly and/or in the adjustments which are necessary to allow the realization of a precise, reliable oscillator that is not very sensitive to shocks due to a new distribution of the mass of the elastic return member, less homogeneous than that presented by a conventional spiral spring.

Disclosure of the invention

[0006] A main aim of the present invention is to propose a resonator for a watch movement of alternative construction to the constructions known from the prior art, based in part on widely proven and reliable solutions, while presenting a relatively simple structure as well as precise and reliable operation.

[0007] For this purpose, the present invention relates more particularly to a resonator of the type mentioned above, characterized in that it comprises a rotating plate carrying a pin, intended to cooperate with the exhaust mechanism, the plate being intended to pivot along an axis of rotation distinct from axis X2.

[0008] Thanks to these characteristics, it is possible to produce a resonator for a watch movement in which the balance wheel exhibits large amplitude oscillations, which makes it possible to reduce the fault of instantaneous operation due to a possible fault in balance of the balance wheel in vertical position and, at the same time, in which the hairspring presents oscillations of reduced amplitude, in particular to avoid possible shocks between its turns. The meshing between the balance pinion and the oscillating mobile can even be adapted so as to adjust the value of the amplitude of the oscillations of the balance spring in a particularly advantageous range of values, in which its possible defects have a minimal influence on the operation of the corresponding timepiece. This range of values depends on many parameters of the hairspring such as its number of turns, the position of its attachment point, the type of terminal curve used, etc.

[0009] Thus, against all expectations, as presented in the previous application cited above, the present invention makes it possible to take advantage of an elastic return member of the spiral type to produce a high-performance oscillator whose development and pairing are simplified with reference to known oscillators. Despite the intrinsic difficulties linked to the hairspring, the construction according to the present invention makes it possible to take advantage of all the experience acquired after decades of research work on the hairspring in an advantageous manner and without having to start from scratch with a new type of elastic return organ which could require a lot of effort to develop.

[0010] It can advantageously be provided that the hairspring comprises a first end region intended to present a fixed position with reference to the axis X1, in operating configuration, and a second end region arranged to present movements controlled by the rotation of the oscillating mobile.

[0011] In this case, it can advantageously be provided that the axes X2 and

[0012] According to a preferred non-limiting embodiment, and particularly when the balance is arranged to operate at high amplitude (for example >320° amplitude), it is also possible for the plate to be arranged along an axis of rotation X4 distinct from axis X1 and has a kinematic connection with the balance wheel. We can then advantageously provide for the plate to be integral with a toothed wheel arranged in engagement with the balance pinion.

[0013] According to a preferred non-limiting embodiment, when the plate is arranged along an axis of rotation X4 distinct from the axis intended to cooperate with the escapement mechanism to receive impulses aimed at maintaining the oscillations of the balance and thus define a direct impulse escapement.

[0014] Generally speaking, the present invention also relates to an oscillator comprising a resonator, meeting the above characteristics, associated with an escape mechanism comprising at least a first escape wheel, secured to an escape pinion intended to receive a torque from a mechanical energy source of the watch movement, as well as a control member arranged to cooperate with the resonator and with the first escape wheel so as to be able to control the movements of the latter.

[0015] According to a preferred embodiment, when the resonator comprises a rotating plate carrying a pin, it is also possible for the control member to be an anchor comprising a fork capable of cooperating with the pin, the anchor carrying at least one pallet capable of cooperating with the first escape wheel.

[0016] Furthermore, when the resonator comprises a first stop integral in rotation with the balance, it can also be provided that the first stop defines an impulse palette capable of cooperating with the first escape wheel to receive impulses intended to ensure the maintenance of the oscillations of the balance wheel.

[0017] According to an advantageous alternative embodiment, it can be provided that the escape mechanism comprises a second escape wheel, and that the anchor carries at least one second pallet capable of cooperating with the second escape wheel, the first and second pallets being intended to cooperate alternately with the corresponding escape wheel.

[0018] In this case, it can also be provided that the resonator includes a second stop integral in rotation with the balance and defining a second impulse pallet capable of cooperating with the second escape wheel to receive impulses intended to ensure maintenance of the oscillations of the pendulum.

[0019] Generally, it can be provided that the oscillator is carried by a cage comprising teeth, intended to be kinematically connected to the source of mechanical energy of the watch movement, as well as at least one connecting member intended to allow its pivot mounting on a watch movement frame to define a tourbillon or a carousel.

[0020] Generally speaking, the present invention also relates to a watch movement comprising a frame defining a support for an oscillator according to the preceding characteristics as well as for a source of mechanical energy arranged so as to be able to apply a torque to the pinion d 'exhaust

[0021] According to a preferred embodiment, when the oscillator is carried by a cage comprising teeth, intended to be kinematically connected to the source of mechanical energy, as well as at least one connecting member intended to allow its mounting pivoted on the frame, that the frame also carries a fixed toothed crown arranged in engagement with the exhaust pinion.

The present invention also relates to a timepiece comprising an oscillator according to the above characteristics.

Brief description of the drawings

Other characteristics and advantages of the present invention will appear more clearly on reading the detailed description of a preferred embodiment which follows, made with reference to the appended drawings given by way of non-limiting examples and in which : – Figure 1 represents a simplified perspective view of an example of oscillator according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, – Figures 2a and 2b represent simplified front views, respectively from below and above with reference in view of Figure 1, of a part of an oscillator according to the preferred embodiment of Figure 1, and - Figures 3a to 3o represent simplified front views, following the same orientation as the view of the Figure 2b, a part of the oscillator of Figures 2a and 2b in different configurations corresponding to different successive operating phases.

Mode(s) of carrying out the invention

[0024] Figure 1 represents a simplified perspective view of an example of oscillator 1 according to a preferred embodiment of the invention. More precisely, the oscillator 1 illustrated, which will be described below by way of non-limiting illustrative example, is of the tourbillon type. The present invention can be applied to another type of oscillator, in particular a carousel or a simple oscillator, that is to say with an escapement whose position is fixed on the frame of the corresponding watch movement, without leaving the scope of the present invention as defined by the appended set of claims.

The oscillator 1 comprises an escapement holder cage 2 intended to be rotatably mounted on a frame element of a watch movement (not shown for the sake of simplification), via a connecting member 4 , a single pivot here, the cage 2 being intended to be mounted in a cantilever to define a non-limiting flying tourbillon.

[0026] The cage 2 carries a resonator comprising a balance 6 and a balance spring 8, as well as an escape mechanism comprising in particular an escape wheel, comprising an escape wheel 10 and an escape pinion 12, intended to cooperate with the resonator to maintain the oscillations of the balance 6, in a known manner. It can be seen that if the balance wheel 6 has an axis of rotation

The cage 2 is provided with external teeth 14 intended to be kinematically connected to a source of mechanical energy, for example a barrel (not visible). Furthermore, the escape pinion 12 is intended to be arranged in engagement with a set of teeth 16, fixed on the frame element of the watch movement. The escape mechanism comprises a control member, which will be described later in relation to the following figures, arranged to intermittently lock and release the escape wheel 10. Thus, in a conventional manner, when the escape wheel 10 is free, the cage 2 can rotate under the effect of the torque it receives from the mechanical energy source, the exhaust pinion 12 then rolling on the teeth 16.

Figures 2a and 2b represent simplified front views, respectively from below and above with reference to the view in Figure 1, of a part of the oscillator 1.

The balance wheel 6 is integral with a balance shaft carrying a balance pinion 20 therefore having the same oscillations of axis X1 as the balance wheel 6.

The cage 2 further carries an oscillating mobile 22, of axis X2, comprising a toothed wheel 24 arranged in permanent engagement with the balance pinion 20.

The hairspring 8 is here mounted in the cage 2 so as to be coaxial with the oscillating mobile 22, having a first end region, external, integral with a frame element of the cage 2 and a second region of the end, internal, integral with the oscillating mobile 22 in operating configuration, to present movements controlled by the rotation of the latter. Thus, the balance spring 8 is expected to exhibit oscillations in deformation of axis X2. Of course, it can advantageously be provided that at least the relative positioning between the first end region of the hairspring 8 and the cage 2 is adjustable, or possibly also the relative positioning between the second end region of the hairspring 8 and the mobile oscillating 22.

Alternatively, the hairspring could be arranged along an axis X3, distinct from the axis X2, having a first end fixed with reference to the cage 2 and a second end controlled by the movements of the oscillating mobile 22. In this case , we could for example provide for the spring to form part of an additional mobile which would include a toothed wheel engaged with the toothed wheel 24 of the oscillating mobile 22.

[0033] Furthermore, the balance pinion 20 is also arranged in permanent engagement with a toothed wheel 26 secured to a plate 28 carrying a pin 30. Of course, the toothed wheel 26 and the plate 28 can be made in two pieces assembled or in a single piece without impact on the implementation of the present invention. It will also be noted that the plate 28 could be arranged directly on the axis of the balance 6 to exhibit oscillations along the axis X1 instead of being offset on a separate axis.

[0034] Due to the kinematic connection which links it to the balance pinion 20, the plate 28 is intended to present oscillations here along an additional axis X4. The pin 30 is intended to cooperate with the oscillator escapement mechanism, at regular intervals during the oscillations of the plate 28.

[0035] More precisely, it appears from Figures 2a and 2b that the escape mechanism according to the preferred embodiment is of the natural type and comprises, in addition to the first escape wheel 10, a second escape wheel 32, arranged in the immediate vicinity of the first escape wheel 10. We further note that the shaft of the first escape wheel also carries a toothed wheel 34, coaxial with the first escape wheel 10, while the shaft carrying the second escape wheel 32 also carries a toothed wheel 36 coaxial with the latter. The two toothed wheels 34 and 36 are in permanent engagement with each other, while the two escape wheels 10, 32 have a relative angular orientation such that their teeth are offset and therefore cannot touch each other.

The control member of the exhaust mechanism here has the shape of an anchor 38, arranged on a frame element of the cage 2 to be able to pivot between the two escape wheels 10, 32, along an axis X5. The anchor 38 comprises a fork 40 intended to cooperate with the pin 30 to ensure the regular pivoting of the anchor 38 along the axis X5, due to the oscillations of the balance 6. Furthermore, the anchor 38 comprises two pallets 42 each of which is intended to cooperate with one of the escape wheels 10, 32, in turn, to lock it. Finally, the anchor 38 also comprises a dart 44 intended to cooperate with the periphery of a small plate 46 secured to said plate 28, in a conventional manner.

[0037] The present embodiment provides, by way of non-limiting illustration, that the escapement mechanism is of the direct impulse type, that is to say that the impulses making it possible to maintain the oscillations of the balance 6 are provided to it. transmitted directly by the escape wheels 10, 32, without passing through the anchor 38 and the pin 30.

[0038] For this purpose, the axis of the balance wheel 6 comprises a support 48 carrying two impulse pallets 50, each of which is associated with one of the escape wheels 10, 32 to receive pulses and retransmit them to the balance wheel 6 , as will become apparent from the remainder of this description.

[0039] Figures 3a to 3o represent simplified front views, presenting the same orientation as the view of Figure 2b, of a part of the oscillator 1 in different configurations corresponding to different successive operating phases, throughout almost a complete oscillation of the balance 6.

[0040] Beforehand, it should be noted that the balance pinion 20 has 15 teeth, while the wheel of the oscillating mobile 22 has 90 teeth and the toothed wheel 26, secured to the plate 28, has 30 teeth. Thus, for each angle traveled by the balance 6, the oscillating mobile 22 travels an angle corresponding to one sixth of the angle traveled by the balance 6 and the plate 28 travels an angle equal to half the angle traveled by the balance 6.

[0041] Figure 3a represents a part of the oscillator 1 while the balance 6 completes an additional free arc in the direction of anti-clockwise rotation (subsequently, all the directions of rotation will be indicated with reference to the orientation Figures 3a to 3o). The plate 28 therefore rotates in the direction of clockwise rotation and the pin 30 is about to penetrate inside the fork 40 of the anchor 38 to rotate the latter in the direction of counterclockwise rotation. At this moment, the anchor 38 ensures the locking of the second escape wheel 32 via the corresponding pallet 42. The first escape wheel 10 is then also locked due to the permanent meshing between the toothed wheels 34 and 36.

[0042] Moving on to the view in Figure 3b, we see that the balance 6 has traveled approximately one eighth of a turn, the plate 28 having therefore traveled approximately one sixteenth of a turn. The pin 30 enters the fork 40 of the anchor 38, while the escape wheels 10, 32 are still stationary. At the same time, a first impulse vane 50 of the balance 6 passed in front of the tooth closest to the escape wheel 32 without contacting it.

[0043] In Figure 3c, a little less than a quarter turn of the balance wheel 6 later, the pin 30 exerts pressure on the fork 40 of the anchor 38 and begins to rotate the latter in the direction of rotation counterclockwise. The pallet 42 locking the escape wheel 32 then approaches the end of the tooth of the escape wheel 32 with which it cooperates. At the same time, the second impulse vane 50 of the balance 6 passed in front of the tooth closest to the escape wheel 32 without contacting it.

[0044] After a slight additional angle traveled by the balance 6, the oscillator is in the configuration illustrated in Figure 3d, in which the pallet 42 releases the second escape wheel 32, releasing the first escape wheel 10 at the same time. The anchor 38 is then approximately halfway.

[0045] An instant later, illustrated in Figure 3e, the first escape wheel 10 is rotated by the torque it receives from the mechanical energy source of the corresponding watch movement, due to the meshing of the exhaust pinion 12 with teeth 16 and the rotation of the cage 2 then made possible. The second escape wheel 32 is also rotated due to the meshing between the two toothed wheels 34 and 36.

[0046] We note that, during the rotational movement of the first escape wheel 10, one of its teeth abuts against the front impulse vane 50 (in the direction of movement) of the balance 6 and transmits an impulse to it. in the counterclockwise direction, as illustrated by the passage between Figures 3e and 3f.

[0047] At the same time, the pin 30 continues to exert pressure on the fork 40 of the anchor 38 to rotate the latter in the counterclockwise direction, to such an extent that its other pallet 42 gradually comes into position. on the trajectory of the teeth of the first escape wheel 10.

The balance wheel 6 continues its rotation in the counterclockwise direction, as illustrated in Figure 3g, while the teeth of the first escape wheel 10 abut against the pallet 42 of the anchor 38, the two escape wheels 10, 32 thus finding themselves locked again. At the same time, the pin 30 begins to exit the fork 40 of the anchor 38, from its opposite side, and the balance 6 can begin a new additional free arc.

[0049] This free arc is illustrated in Figures 3h to 3j. Between the moment illustrated in Figure 3g, when the pin 30 leaves the fork 40, and that illustrated in Figure 3h, the balance 6 makes approximately half a turn and the plate 28 approximately a quarter turn, then going up to in the configuration illustrated in Figure 3j, the balance 6 still performs approximately one additional revolution while the plate 28 still performs approximately one additional half-turn.

[0050] In the configuration illustrated in Figure 3j, the pin 30 approaches the fork 40 again, but from the outside. Also, with the gear ratios chosen here, by way of non-limiting illustration, the balance 6 and the balance spring 8 must be chosen in such a way that the balance 6 travels less than two revolutions per alternation to avoid beating. According to the illustrated embodiment, the balance wheel 6 travels a little more than one and a half turns per alternation, the plate 28 making a little more than three quarters of a turn at the same time.

[0051] Once its maximum amplitude has been reached, the balance wheel 6 changes direction of rotation to rotate in the direction of clockwise rotation, as illustrated in FIG. 3k, under the effect of the action of the hairspring 8. Of course, during all this time, the two escape wheels 10, 32 remain locked by the interaction between a pallet 42 and the teeth of the first escape wheel 10.

[0052] Passing from the configuration of Figure 3j to that of Figure 3k, the balance wheel 6 has rotated approximately one full turn clockwise to begin a new additional arc (descending), while the plate 28 has rotated about half a turn counterclockwise. The pin 30 then approaches the entrance to the fork 40 of the anchor 38.

[0053] Figure 31 illustrates how the pin 30, once it has entered the fork 40, begins to exert on it a force tending to rotate the anchor 38 in the direction of clockwise rotation. In the meantime, a first impulse vane 50 of the balance 6 has passed in front of the tooth closest to the first escape wheel 10 without contacting it.

[0054] As illustrated in Figure 3m, the balance wheel 6 continues its rotation, its second impulse vane 50 having passed in front of the tooth closest to the first escape wheel 10 without contacting it, and the anchor 38 begins to rotate clockwise.

[0055] Once the rotation of the anchor 38 is sufficient, its pallet 42 releases the teeth of the first escape wheel 10 which then becomes free to rotate again, as visible in Figure 3n, taking with it the second escape wheel. exhaust 32.

[0056] We also note that, during the rotational movement of the second escapement wheel 32, one of its teeth is positioned against the front impulse pallet 50 (in the direction of movement) of the balance 6 to transmit it to it. a pulse in the clockwise direction.

[0057] Figure 3o illustrates how the anchor 38 continues its rotation, under the effect of the action of the pin 30, to reposition a pallet 42 on the path of the teeth of the second escape wheel 32, to relock it.

The plate 28 then continues its rotation in the counterclockwise direction, until the pin 30 again leaves the fork 40 of the anchor 38, and the balance 6 can begin a new additional free arc , and therefore a new cycle, as illustrated from Figure 3a.

[0059] Thanks to the characteristics which have just been described, we obtain an oscillator 1 making it possible to optimize the use of the balance and the hairspring in terms of amplitudes. Indeed, the operation of the corresponding watch movement is optimal with both a significant amplitude of oscillations for the balance wheel and a reduced amplitude of oscillations for the hairspring. However, in the embodiment illustrated and described by way of non-limiting illustration, the balance wheel has an amplitude of oscillations of the order of 1100 degrees (a little more than three revolutions) while the hairspring has at the same time only 'an amplitude of oscillations of the order of 180 to 185 degrees (one sixth of that of the balance wheel). Generally speaking, the oscillator according to the present invention could advantageously be implemented in such a way that the balance wheel has an amplitude of oscillations of between 360 and 1440 degrees, more preferably between 540 and 1080 degrees.

[0060] The hairspring can be made from materials known for making hairsprings, for example metal alloys such as Elinvar (iron, nickel, bromine and tungsten) or Nivarox (Nicht Variable Oxydfest - composed of iron, nickel , cobalt, chromium, titanium and beryllium), or even silicon / oxidized silicon. Optimizing the amplitude of the hairspring also has the advantage of allowing the use of hairsprings made from fragile materials or having weaker mechanical characteristics than those traditionally required. The low operating amplitude of the hairspring (less than 200°, preferably less than 170°) also allows dimensions of hairsprings previously not compatible with conventional amplitudes (of the order of 270 degrees), in particular with regard to the limit elastic allowed on the hairspring blade.

[0061] Furthermore, even if this would result in a reduction in efficiency, it is possible to provide for the addition of additional wheels to the oscillator as described without departing from the scope of the invention as defined. by the appended claims. The construction presented offers great flexibility to the watch manufacturer to arrange the different mobiles of the oscillator according to all the constraints that he must take into account.

[0062] Beyond this optimization of the resonator according to the present invention, not only does the preferred embodiment advantageously combine this resonator with a natural escapement, making it possible to optimize the distribution of the mechanical energy available to the balance wheel, by implementation of two direct pulses during each oscillation of the balance, but in addition the assembly thus formed is arranged within a tourbillon type device, known to average the impact of gravity on the movement of the oscillator over time.

[0063] Of course, the preceding description attempts to describe a particular embodiment by way of non-limiting illustration and the invention is not limited to the implementation of certain particular characteristics which come from be described, such as for example the implementation of a natural escapement, a tourbillon, the locations of certain wheels, or even the gear ratios or the amplitudes as described. A person skilled in the art would not encounter any difficulty in adapting the previously described embodiment to make it work with a classic Swiss lever escapement. In particular, it would remove the impulse pallets 50 and make the Swiss anchor cooperate directly with the rotating plate 28 and its pin 30.

Claims (15)

1. Resonator, intended to cooperate with an escapement mechanism of a watch movement, comprising – a balance wheel (6) intended to pivot on either side of a rest position and exhibit oscillations of axis X1, – a balance pinion (20) of axis X1 secured to said balance wheel (6), – an oscillating mobile (22) comprising teeth arranged in engagement with said balance pinion (20) and intended to pivot on either side of a rest position, to exhibit oscillations of axis X2, – a balance spring (8) arranged to be able to present oscillations of axis X3, distinct from said axis X1, and of amplitude different from the amplitude of the oscillations of said balance (6), preferably lower, said balance spring (8) being arranged to cooperate with said oscillating mobile (22) and tend to return it to its rest position, characterized in that it comprises a rotary plate (28) carrying a pin (30), intended to cooperate with the exhaust mechanism, said plate (28) being intended to pivot along an axis of rotation distinct from said axis X2. 2. Resonator according to claim 1, characterized in that said spiral (8) comprises a first end region intended to have a fixed position with reference to said axis X1, in operating configuration, and a second end region arranged to present movements controlled by the rotation of said oscillating mobile (22). 3. Resonator according to claim 2, characterized in that said axes X2 and 4. Resonator according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that said plate (28) is arranged along an axis of rotation X4 distinct from said axis X1 and has a kinematic connection with said balance (6). 5. Resonator according to claim 4, characterized in that said plate (28) is integral with a toothed wheel arranged (26) in engagement with said balance pinion (20). 6. Resonator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises at least a first stop integral in rotation with said balance (6) and intended to cooperate with the escapement mechanism. 7. Oscillator (1) for a watch movement comprising a resonator according to one of claims 1 to 6 associated with an escapement mechanism comprising at least a first escapement wheel (10), integral with an escapement pinion ( 12) intended to receive a torque from a source of mechanical energy of the watch movement, as well as a control member arranged to cooperate with said resonator and with said first escape wheel (10) so as to be able to control the movements of the latter. 8. Oscillator (1) according to claim 7, characterized in that said control member is an anchor (38) comprising a fork (40) capable of cooperating with said pin (30), said anchor (38) carrying at least one pallet (42) capable of cooperating with said first escape wheel (10). 9. Oscillator (1) according to claim 8, when the resonator comprises a first stop integral in rotation with said balance (6), characterized in that said first stop defines an impulse pallet (50) capable of cooperating with said first wheel exhaust (10) to receive pulses intended to ensure the maintenance of the oscillations of said balance (6). 10. Oscillator (1) according to claim 8, characterized in that said escapement mechanism comprises a second escapement wheel (32) and in that said anchor (38) carries at least a second pallet (42) capable of cooperate with said second escape wheel (32), said first and second pallets (42) being intended to cooperate alternately with the corresponding escape wheel (10, 32). 11. Oscillator (1) according to claims 9 and 10, characterized in that said resonator comprises a second stop integral in rotation with said balance wheel (6) and defining a second impulse vane (50) capable of cooperating with said second wheel exhaust (32) to receive pulses intended to ensure the maintenance of the oscillations of said balance (6). 12. Oscillator (1) according to one of claims 7 to 11, characterized in that it is carried by a cage (2) comprising teeth (14), intended to be connected kinematically to the mechanical energy source of the watch movement, as well as at least one connecting member (4) intended to allow its pivot mounting on a frame of the watch movement to define a tourbillon or a carousel. 13. Watch movement comprising an oscillator (1) according to one of claims 7 to 12, a source of mechanical energy arranged so as to be able to apply a torque to said escapement pinion (12), as well as a frame defining a support for said oscillator (1) and said source of mechanical energy. 14. Watch movement according to claim 13, when said oscillator (1) is carried by a cage (2) comprising teeth (14), intended to be kinematically connected to said source of mechanical energy, as well as at least one member connecting link (4) intended to allow its pivot mounting on said frame, characterized in that said frame further carries a fixed toothed crown (16) arranged in engagement with said exhaust pinion (12). 15. Timepiece comprising an oscillator (1) according to one of claims 7 to 12.