CH715604B1 - Support structure system for an offshore wind turbine. - Google Patents

Abstract

In the support structure system according to the invention for an offshore wind power plant, the structure is erected and the center of gravity is adjusted by ballasting the spar buoy (6), which optimizes the force absorption property and increases the buoyancy, stability and failure resistance. By providing a reinforcement cable (3), the lift cylinder (5), the tower (2) and the tensioning cable (4) are connected to form an overall system for coordinated force absorption, with which the vertical tensile force of the vertically arranged tensioning cable (4) is balanced Bending moment of the lift cylinder (5) is reduced and the operating efficiency of the lift cylinder (5) and the tower (2) is increased. Alternatively, in the present invention, the displacement and rotation of the structure can be restricted using a chain-line tension cable (41). By means of the horizontal and vertical force components provided by the chain line, the peak value of the internal force of the tensioning cable (4) during the use of a wind turbine (1) and thus also the probability of breakage of the tensioning cable (4) are reduced. According to the invention, the vertical damping of the structure can also be increased by means of a vertical damping increasing device (10) arranged upside down in the water. Furthermore, the stability of the structure and the resistance to breakage of the tensioning cable (4) are increased by the use of the spar buoy (6), the vertical attenuation increasing device (10) and the chain line-like tensioning cable (41), and also the difficulty of building and diving of the structure decreased.

Description

TECHNICAL AREA

The present invention relates to a novel support structure system for an offshore wind turbine, specifically a structural optimization compared to conventional tension-anchored support structure systems for offshore power plants.

STATE OF THE ART

Compared to onshore wind power, offshore wind power is characterized by unique advantages such as a large wind field, stable wind strength, high output per wind turbine, low restriction due to noise, saving land resources and facilitating the realization of large-scale production. A tension-anchored offshore wind turbine (Tension Leg Platform Wind Turbine, TLPWT) is derived from a tension-anchored platform and is suitable for medium-depth waters. Upright tension cables are used for anchoring and fastening, and three to four lift cylinders are attached to the lowest area of the tower, which generally have a round or square cross-section and can provide the entire structure with a buoyancy force. The two ends of the tension cable are each connected to one end of the buoyancy cylinder or the sea bed, and during normal operation the tension cable is in a tensioned state. Due to their simple structure, tension-anchored offshore wind turbines have broad application and distribution prospects.

However, in a tension anchored offshore wind turbine on the one hand at the connection point between the lift cylinder and the tower due to a large bending moment of individual components, a large local tensile stress force is generated, so that the point is extremely prone to damage. On the other hand, in adverse weather conditions, a lateral displacement of the tension-anchored offshore wind turbine occurs, so that the tension cable must generate a sufficiently large internal force to effectively restrict the wind turbine, while an increase in the internal force of the tension cable leads to an increased risk of breakage failure in which case the whole wind turbine is caused to tip over. Offshore wind turbines are usually arranged flat and thus form an offshore wind field. If a collapsed wind turbine collides with other wind turbines while being driven away, further wind turbines are damaged.

In summary, the following disadvantages exist in existing support structure systems for offshore wind turbines: 1) In a tension anchored offshore wind turbine, a large local tensile force is generated at the connection point between the lift cylinder and the tower, so that the point is extremely susceptible to damage. 2) In the case of a vertically arranged tension cable, its internal force is sensitive to changes in external loads, in particular to changes in the load in the horizontal direction. In adverse weather conditions, the internal force of the tension cable tends to increase and therefore a risk of failure is to be expected. The failure of the tension cable inevitably leads to the entire wind turbine tipping over. For this reason, the safety capability of the tension cable has a direct impact on the service life of the entire wind turbine. 3) Insufficient overall stability of the wind turbine. If the support structure system for wind turbines is exposed to a large load as a result of wind, waves or water flow, failure of a tensioned tension cable can lead to the entire structural system tipping over, in which case the wind turbine arranged above falls into the water and fails. Furthermore, offshore wind turbines are usually arranged flat and form a wind field, so that if one tension cable breaks, the structure will overturn and other tension cables break one after the other, in which case the structure can be expected to drift away without restriction, thereby ensuring the safety of other wind turbines is endangered in the wind field.

CONTENT OF THE PRESENT INVENTION

The present invention is based on the object of solving the problem in the prior art by providing a spar buoy and a reinforcing rope to provide a rope-reinforced support structure system for an offshore wind turbine, which increases the stability of the entire support structure system, the bending moment of the tower and the lift cylinder is reduced and the force-absorbing property of the structure is improved. According to the invention, the advantages of the economy buoy and the chain line-like tension cable are also combined in order to form a chain line-like support structure system for an offshore wind power plant. Alternatively, the advantages of the spar buoy, the chain line-like tensioning cable and the vertical damping increasing device are combined to form a support structure system for an offshore wind power plant with increased vertical damping, which improves the operational safety of the wind power plants.

According to the invention the object is achieved by a support structure system for an offshore wind turbine, which comprises a tower, a spar buoy, several reinforcement ropes, several tension cables and several lift cylinders, wherein the wind power plant can be arranged at the uppermost area of the tower, a first end of the individual lifting cylinder being arranged at a connecting part of the lowest area of the tower, the spar buoy being arranged at the lowest area of the tower and loaded with ballast on the inside, wherein the upper end of the single reinforcement cable is connected to the tower and its lower end is connected to a second end of the associated buoyancy cylinder, and wherein the lower end of the individual tensioning cable is anchored to the seabed and its upper end is connected to the second end of the buoyancy cylinder.

It is optionally provided that the spar buoy and the tower are on one and the same plumb line.

It is optionally provided that the spar buoy is located below the lift cylinder.

The tensioning cable is an upright tensioning cable which is arranged in the vertical direction.

The tension cable is connectable at one end to a seabed anchoring structure, while the other end is fixedly connected to the second end of the lift cylinder and then extends upwards to be connected to the tower and thus to form a reinforcement cable.

It is optionally provided that the lift cylinders are arranged radially and at the same angular distance from one another on the circumference of the tower.

It is optionally provided that the lift cylinder has a round, rectangular or polygonal cross section.

Optionally, it is provided that the vertical height position of the structural system is lowered by ballasting the spar buoy to facilitate the attachment of the tensioning cable, while the floating of the structural system is effected by ballasting the spar buoy in order to pretension the attached tensioning cable.

[0014] It is optionally provided that the reinforcement cables connect the tensioning cables, the tower and the lift cylinders to one another in order to form an overall system for coordinated force absorption, and that the reinforcement cables are arranged symmetrically and equidistantly from one another on the circumference of the tower, so that the maximum bending moment of the tower acts on the joints between the reinforcement cables and the tower.

The present embodiment discloses a rope-reinforced support structure system for an offshore wind power plant, in which a saving buoy (cylinder) is provided on the basis of the concept of an existing tension-anchored offshore wind power plant and a reinforcement rope is additionally provided between the lift cylinder and the tower. The spar buoy is arranged directly under the tower and ballasting the structure is erected during construction and the height of the center of gravity of the structure is adjusted. When the structure is tilted, the ballast can generate a recovery torque, which prevents the structure from tipping over and thus increases the resistance of the structure to tipping over. The reinforcement rope connects the lift cylinders, the tower and the tensioning cables to form an overall system for coordinated force absorption. With the reinforcement rope, the vertical tensile force generated by the tensioning cable is compensated, whereby the bending moment of the lift cylinder is reduced, so that the lift cylinder serves as a component that primarily counteracts an axial compressive force and absorbs force in the axial direction. By arranging the reinforcement cables in groups and symmetrically, the maximum bending moment of the tower is also reduced and the operating efficiency of the lift cylinder and the tower is increased. In the present embodiment, while maintaining the advantages of conventional tension-anchored offshore wind turbines, the force-absorbing property of the structure is improved and the buoyancy, stability and failure resistance are increased. In addition, advantages such as low weight, convenient assembly and broad applicability are achieved.

According to the invention, the object is further achieved by a support structure system for an offshore wind turbine, which comprises a tower, a spar buoy, several lift cylinders and several chain line-like tension cables, wherein the wind power plant can be arranged at the uppermost area of the tower, wherein a first end of the individual lifting cylinder is arranged at a connecting part of the lowermost area of the tower, the spar buoy being arranged at the lowest area of the tower and loaded with ballast on the inside, and wherein the upper end of the individual chain line-like tension cable is connected to the lifting cylinder or the spar buoy, while its lower end can be anchored to the sea bed.

It is optionally provided that the upper end of the plurality of chain-line-like tension cables arranged symmetrically on the circumference of the tower is connected to the second end of the associated lift cylinder.

It is optionally provided that the lift cylinders are arranged radially and at the same angular distance from one another on the circumference of the tower.

It is optionally provided that the lift cylinder has a round, rectangular or polygonal cross section.

It is optionally provided that the chain line shape of the chain line-like tensioning cable changes with the change in the swimming state, the chainline-like tensioning cable providing force components in two directions, ie in the vertical and horizontal direction, and the ratio of the size of the force components with the Change of catenary shape changes.

It is optionally provided that the ballast in the spar buoy generates a righting force moment and the angle θ between the tower and the plumb line is limited to a preset range, that is θ ∈ (-C, + C), where C < 90 ° and the value C is regulated based on the weight of the ballast.

The present embodiment discloses a chain line-like support structure system for an offshore wind turbine, in which, based on the concept of an existing tension-anchored offshore wind turbine, a saving buoy is additionally provided and the upright tensioning cable is advantageously replaced by a chain-like tensioning cable. Thus, the range of motion of the structure is effectively limited and the amplitude of abrupt changes in the internal force of the tensioning cable when moving the structure is reduced, which contributes to a reduced probability of failure of the tensioning cable. The spar buoy is located directly under the tower and by loading it with ballast of different weights, the structure can be erected during construction and the height of the center of gravity of the wind turbine can be adjusted during operation. This increases the stability of the structure and prevents the structure from tipping over if the tensioning cable fails. In the present embodiment, while maintaining the advantages of conventional tension-anchored offshore wind turbines, the stability of the entire structure is improved by the spar buoy and the chain-like tensioning cable reduces the likelihood that other wind turbines will be endangered when the structure is driven away due to failure of the tensioning cable. By using the spar buoy and the chain line-like tensioning cable, the stability of the structure and the resistance to breakage of the tensioning cable are sufficiently increased and, in addition, the difficulty in building the structure is reduced. The present embodiment is characterized by better buoyancy, stability and failure resistance as well as low failure probability of the tensioning cable, comfortable construction work and broad applicability.

In a further embodiment of the present invention it is provided that a vertical attenuation increasing device is also provided under the spar buoy, which is arranged upside down in the water and whose opening is directed downwards.

The attenuation increasing device is a cylinder without a lower cover, which comprises a cylinder top plate, a cylinder outer plate and a plurality of reinforcing ribs arranged therein, the cylinder outer plate being provided with an opening.

The present embodiment discloses a support structure for an offshore wind power plant with increased vertical damping, in which on the basis of an existing tension anchored offshore wind power plant support structure, a saving buoy and a vertical damping increasing device are additionally provided and the upright tensioning cable advantageously by a chain-like tension cable is replaced in order to limit the movement of the structure, whereby the amplitude of change in the internal force of the tension cable when moving the structure is reduced and the probability of failure of the tension cable is decreased. The spar buoy is arranged under the tower and thus the structure can be erected during construction and the height of the center of gravity of the wind turbine can be adjusted. The damping increasing device is designed as a cylinder without a lower cover, which is arranged upside down in the water in order to increase the vertical damping of the structure and thus to reduce the influence of diving on the structure. In the present embodiment, while maintaining the advantages of conventional tension-anchored offshore wind turbines, the stability of the entire structure is improved by the spar buoy and the chain-like tensioning cable reduces the likelihood that other wind turbines will be endangered when the structure is driven away due to failure of the tensioning cable. In addition, the influence of diving on the structure is reduced via the damping device. The stability of the structure and the resistance to breakage of the tensioning cable are sufficiently increased by the use of the spar buoy, the vertical attenuation increasing device and the chain-like tensioning cable, and the difficulty of building and the diving of the structure are also reduced. The present embodiment is characterized by better buoyancy, stability and failure resistance as well as low probability of failure of the tensioning cable, comfortable construction work, great vertical attenuation, little influence from diving and broad applicability.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING

1 shows the rope-reinforced combined support structure system for an offshore wind turbine according to a first embodiment in a schematic representation, FIG 2 shows the structure system according to the first embodiment in a combined state in a schematic representation, FIG 3 shows the chain-like combined support structure system for an offshore -Wind power plant according to a second exemplary embodiment in a schematic illustration, FIG. 4 the structural system according to the second exemplary embodiment in a combined state in a schematic illustration, FIG. 5 the combined support structure system for an offshore wind power plant with increased vertical damping according to a third exemplary embodiment in a schematic illustration, 6 shows the structural system according to the third embodiment in a combined state in a schematic representation, FIG. 7 shows the vertical damping increasing device in the structural system according to the third embodiment Guide example in a three-dimensional schematic representation, FIG. 8 shows the force absorption of the chain line-like tensioning cable according to the second and third exemplary embodiments in a schematic sketch.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Specific embodiments of the present invention are described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

First embodiment

As can be seen from FIGS. 1 and 2, a cable-reinforced combined support structure system for an offshore wind turbine according to the present embodiment comprises a wind turbine 1, a tower 2, a reinforcement cable 3, a tensioning cable 4, a lift cylinder 5 and a saving buoy 6th

The wind power plant 1 is arranged in the uppermost area of the tower 2. A first end of the individual lifting cylinder 5 is arranged on a connecting part of the lowermost region of the tower 2. The lift cylinder 5 has a round or polygonal cross section. The number of the lift cylinder 5 is determined as a function of the lift force to be provided by the structure

The spar buoy 6, which is also provided at the lowest area of the tower 2, is located below the lift cylinder 5 and on the same plumb line as the tower 2. The spar buoy 6 is loaded with ballast on the inside lowering the center of gravity of the whole structure and thus increasing the stability of the structure. When the tower 2 is tilted, the ballast in the spar buoy 6 generates a righting moment in order to prevent the structure from tilting further.

The upper end of the single reinforcement rope 3 is connected to the tower 2 and its lower end is connected to a second end of the lift cylinder 5. The lower end of the individual tension cable 4 is anchored to the sea bed and its upper end is also connected to the second end of the lift cylinder 5. The reinforcing rope 3 and the tensioning cable 4 can only withstand a tensile force, while they cannot withstand a compressive force. With the vertical component of the reinforcement rope 3, the vertical tensile force of the tensioning cable 4 is effectively compensated, whereby the bending moment generated by the tensioning cable 4 and acting on the lift cylinder 5 is reduced, so that the lift cylinder 5 of a component that is exposed to a bending load, in conventional Design is converted into a component that is primarily exposed to a compressive force. Thus, the operating efficiency of the lift cylinder 5 is greatly increased.

For example, the upright tension cable 4 is connected at one end to a seabed anchoring structure, while the other end is fixedly connected to the second end of the lift cylinder 5 and then extends obliquely upwards to be connected to the tower 2 and thus forming a reinforcement rope 3. Thus, the movement of the structure is sufficiently limited and a safe operation of the offshore wind turbine in its original location is better ensured.

The reinforcement cable 3 connects the tensioning cable 4, the tower 2 and the lift cylinder 5 to form an overall system for coordinated force absorption. The reinforcing ropes 3 are arranged symmetrically and at the same distance from one another on the circumference of the tower 2, so that the internal force of the reinforcing ropes 3 can be mutually adapted and balanced. The reinforcement cables 3 arranged in groups contribute to the shortened jib length of the tower 2. With the reinforcement ropes 3, the power absorption property of the connection point between the tower 2 and the lift cylinder 5 is significantly improved and thus the service life of the entire structural system can be extended. The point of application of the maximum bending moment of the tower 2 is shifted from the connection point between the tower 2 and the lift cylinder 5 up to the connection point between the reinforcement cable 3 and the tower 2 and the maximum bending moment of the tower 2 is also reduced, whereby the force absorption Property of the tower 2 is improved, and thus the operating efficiency of the tower 2 is increased.

Furthermore, by ballasting the spar buoy 6, the vertical height position of the entire structural system can be lowered in order to facilitate the attachment of the tensioning cables 4, while after the assembly is completed by ballasting the spar buoy 6, the structural system floats, to pretension the tensioning cables 4. Thus, a restriction of the whole structure by the tension cables 4 is realized.

Even if any tensioning cable breaks, the structure can be prevented from tipping over under the action of the spar buoy 6, thus reducing the impairment of the entire structure through local damage to the tensioning cable and also the influence of the damage to the structure on other wind turbines.

Second embodiment

As can be seen from FIGS. 3 and 4, a chain-line-like combined support structure system for an offshore wind power plant according to the present embodiment comprises a wind power plant 1, a tower 2, a lift cylinder 5, a chain-like tensioning cable 41 and a spar buoy 6.

The wind power plant 1 is arranged in the uppermost area of the tower 2. A first end of the individual lifting cylinder 5 is arranged on a connecting part of the lowermost region of the tower 2. The lift cylinders 5 are arranged radially and at the same angular distance from one another on the circumference of the tower 2. The lift cylinders 5 have a round, rectangular or polygonal cross section and can provide the structure with a lift force. At the same time, they serve as the main source of buoyancy for the structure.

The spar buoy 6, which is also provided on the lowest area of the tower 2, is located below the lift cylinder 5 and can be loaded with ballast. By adjusting the weight of the ballast, the center of gravity of the structure can be lowered and thus the stability of the structure can be increased. The spar buoy 6 is located at a certain depth below the sea surface, which not only reduces the great impact of wave loads, but also lowers the center of gravity of the whole structure and improves the stability of the structure.

The ballast of the spar buoy 6 can provide a moment of recovery when the structure is tilted and overturned, which effectively increases the stability of the structure. Specifically, the ballast in the spar buoy 6 generates a righting moment when the tower 2 of the structure inclines and forms an angle θ with the plumb line. If a tension cable fails, the angle of inclination θ can be strictly limited to a certain range by the spar buoy 6, i.e. θ ∈ (-C, + C) in order to prevent the structure from tipping over, with C <90 ° and the value C. can be regulated based on the weight of the ballast.

The plurality of symmetrically arranged chain line-like tension cables 41 can be connected at the upper end to any point of the lift cylinder 5 or to any point of the spar buoy 6. The upper end of the individually illustrated chain line-like tensioning cable 41 is connected to the second end of the buoyancy cylinder 5, while its lower end is anchored to the sea bed.

A tensioning cable anchored in this way takes the form of a chain line, the shape of which is difficult to determine directly and changes with the change in the swimming state. The structure is limited by an active formal adaptation of the chain line-like tensioning cable 41.

During use of the wind turbine, the chain line-like tensioning cable 41 is in the tensioned state and restricts the free displacement and rotation of the wind turbine structure, so that a safe operation of the offshore wind turbine is ensured with a certain freedom of movement.

As can be seen from FIG. 8, the chain line-like tensioning cable 41 can effectively provide force components in two directions, ie in the vertical and horizontal direction, the ratio of the size of the force components changing with the change in the chain line shape. The point i corresponds to the upper end of the chain line-like tensioning cable 41 and the force components in the horizontal and vertical directions are each with F1xbzw. F1y, while the point j corresponds to the lower end of the chain line-like tension cable 41 and the force components in the horizontal and vertical directions with Fjx and. Fjy. L stands for the horizontal distance between the two ends, while H stands for the vertical distance between the two ends, q stands for evenly distributed load on the chain-like tensioning cable (this can be the difference between the force of gravity and the force of lift).

If, after anchoring by means of the chain-like tensioning cable 41, the wind turbine structure move under the action of a large external force, then chain-like tensioning cables 41, which restrict such movement, are further tensioned and at the same time the efficiency of the horizontal force component generated by them is increased, so that the movement of the structure is limited by more tensioning cables, while the tensioning force of the chain line-like tensioning cable 41 facing the direction of movement decreases due to the loosening until the horizontal force component drops to zero, whereby a further increase in the internal force of the chain line-like tensioning cable 41, whose internal force is already a Has experienced an increase is decreased. Due to the interaction of the tensioning cables 41 in two directions and the increased efficiency of the horizontal force components provided by the tensioning cables 41 during tensioning, an abrupt increase in the tensioning force of the tensioning cables when the wind turbine is displaced horizontally can be effectively avoided. In this way, the probability of failure of the tensioning cables can be reduced and the safety capability of the system during use can be increased.

The chain line-like tension cable 41 can provide a horizontal tensile force Fx and a vertical tensile force Fy, whereby the disadvantage in conventional upright tension cables that the internal force increases abruptly when a horizontal tensile force is provided, thus effectively preventing failure of the tension cable and thus the The safety capability of the system during use is improved. Thus, the likelihood of failure of the chain-line tension cable 41 is reduced, and therefore the likelihood that the tension cables fail one after another is also reduced. Due to the use of the chain line-like tension cable 41, the use of the structural system in the deep sea is made possible and the disadvantage that the use of conventional tension-anchored offshore wind turbines is limited on shallow seas is overcome.

The lift cylinders 5 and the chain line-like tension cables 41 are arranged radially symmetrically on the circumference of the tower 2. The buoyancy cylinder 5 and the submerged part of the tower 2 can provide a sufficient buoyancy force for the structure. The chain line-like tension cable 41 is in the tensioned state, so that the range of motion of the structure is strictly limited. With the vertical force component Fyder tensioning force F of the tensioning cable 41, the diving of the wind turbine can be effectively reduced.

Due to the presence of the spar buoy 6, once the structure has been installed, the vertical position of the structure can be adjusted depending on the vertical height of the tensioning cable. Since the actual length of the chain line-like tension cable 41 is greater than the shortest distance between its two ends, the installation and the pre-tensioning of the entire tension cable 41 are thus facilitated. By ballasting the spar buoy 6, the vertical height position of the entire structural system can be lowered and thus the attachment of the tensioning cables 41 can be made easier, while after completion of the assembly, ballasting takes place in order to pretension the tensioning cables 41 by means of the buoyancy of the structure and thus a restriction of the whole Realize structure by the tensioning cable 41.

Even if any chain line-like tension cable 41 breaks, the structure can be prevented from tipping over under the action of the righting moment of the spar buoy 6, so that the influence of the failure of individual chain line-like tension cables 41 on the entire structure is reduced. Thus, it can be effectively avoided that the wind turbine arranged above falls into the water and is damaged.

Third embodiment

As can be seen from Figures 5 and 6, a combined support structure system for an offshore wind turbine with increased vertical according to the present embodiment on the basis of the second embodiment, a vertical damping device 10 is also provided. With regard to the structure, reference can be made to the second embodiment with regard to the connection, the arrangement and the execution effect for the wind turbine 1, the tower 2, the lift cylinder 5, the chain-like tension cable 41 and the spar buoy 6, and a repetition is therefore dispensed with .

The damping device 10 according to the present embodiment is designed as a cylinder without a lower cover, which is arranged below the spar buoy 6 and vice versa in the water. Since water cannot freely flow out within the cylinder, the additional mass and the hydrodynamic damping are increased during the movement of the structure when the support structure is moved vertically, which ensures a greater resistance force directed in the opposite direction to the direction of movement. Thus, the object of reducing the immersion effect is achieved.

The vertical attenuation increasing device 10 is located at the lower end of the structure and serves to increase the vertical attenuation of the structure, thus reducing the diving of the structure and the influence of diving on the chain-like tension cable 41 and the whole structure. This contributes to the improved safety of the structure during use. Thus, the center of gravity of the structure is also lowered and the connection of the vertical attenuation increasing device 10 to the spar buoy 6 is facilitated.

As can be seen from FIG. 7, the vertical damping increasing device 10 comprises a cylinder outer plate 7, a reinforcing rib 8 and a cylinder top plate 9. The cylinder outer plate 7 can have an opening. Accordingly, the height of the reinforcing rib 8 is determined depending on the number and size of the opening of the cylinder outer plate 7.

In summary, it is achieved in the cable-reinforced combined support structure system for an offshore wind turbine according to the first embodiment that by providing the reinforcement cable 3, an effective compensation of the vertical tensile force of the tensioning cable 4 is made possible, so that the lift cylinder 5 from a component that is subject to a bending load is converted into a component which is subjected to a compressive force, whereby the operating efficiency of the lift cylinder 5 is considerably increased and at the same time the connection load of the connection point between the lift cylinder 5 and the tower 2 is effectively reduced. The reinforcement cable 3 connects the tensioning cable 4, the tower 2 and the lift cylinder 5 to form an overall system for coordinated force absorption, so that the bending moment of the tower 2 and the lift cylinder 5 is significantly reduced. Furthermore, a spar buoy 6 for adjusting the height of the center of gravity of the structure and for improving the stability of the structure is additionally provided immediately below the tower 2, which at the same time facilitates the erection of the structure during installation and the assembly and tensioning of the tensioning cable.

In the chain line-like combined support structure for an offshore wind turbine according to the second embodiment, a chain line-like tension cable is provided to restrict the displacement and rotation of the structure. By means of the feature that a force component can be provided in the horizontal and vertical directions with a chain line, the internal force of the chain line-like tensioning cable 41, which results from the horizontal load to which the wind turbine is subjected and the immersion effect, is reduced. By effectively reducing the peak value of the internal force of the tensioning cable while the wind turbine is in use, the probability of breakage of the tensioning cable is reduced. With the spar buoy 6, which is provided under the tower 2, the height of the center of gravity of the structure can be adjusted, the stability of the structure can be increased and the erection of the structure during installation and assembly of the tensioning cable can be facilitated.

In the combined support structure for an offshore wind turbine with increased vertical damping according to the third embodiment, it is also provided that the vertical damping increasing device 10, which is cylindrical and has no lower cover, connected to the lower end of the spar buoy and is arranged upside down in the water. By increasing the additional mass of water and the hydrodynamic damping, the resistance to vertical movement of the structure is increased, the immersion amplitude of the structure is reduced and the influence of immersion on the chain-like tensioning cable and the entire structure is reduced.

Despite the previous detailed explanation of the present invention on the basis of the above preferred exemplary embodiments, it should be understood that the above description should in no way be viewed as a restriction of the present invention. Various modifications and substitutions will occur to those skilled in the art after reading the above contents. Therefore, it is intended that the scope of the present invention be defined by the appended claims.

Claims (15)

1. Support structure system for an offshore wind turbine, characterized in that it comprises a tower (2), a spar buoy (6), several reinforcement cables (3), several tension cables (4) and several lift cylinders (5), wherein a wind power plant (1) can be arranged on the uppermost area of the tower (2), wherein a first end of the respective lifting cylinder (5) is arranged on a connecting part of the lowermost area of the tower (2), the spar buoy (6) being arranged at the lowest area of the tower (2) and loaded with ballast on the inside, wherein the upper end of the respective reinforcement rope (3) is connected to the tower (2) and its lower end is connected to a second end of the associated lifting cylinder (5), wherein the lower end of the respective tensioning cable (4) can be anchored on the sea bed and its upper end is connected to the second end of the lift cylinder (5), wherein, in an assembled state, the respective tensioning cable (4) can be connected at one end to a seabed anchoring structure, while the other end is firmly connected to the second end of the respective buoyancy cylinder (5) and then extends upwards to with to be connected to the tower (2) and thus to form a reinforcement rope (3), and wherein the respective tensioning cable (4) is an upright tensioning cable (4) which is arranged in the vertical direction. 2. Support structure system for an offshore wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that the spar buoy (6) and the tower (2) are on the same plumb line. 3. Support structure system for an offshore wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that the spar buoy (6) is below the lift cylinder (5). 4. support structure system for an offshore wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that the lift cylinders (5) are arranged radially and at the same angular distance from one another on the circumference of the tower (2). 5. support structure system for an offshore wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that the lift cylinder (5) has a round, rectangular or polygonal cross section. 6. support structure system for an offshore wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that it is designed such that ballasting the spar buoy (6) lowers the vertical height position of the structural system in order to make it easier to attach the tensioning cables (4), while ballasting the spar buoy (6) causes the structural system to float up to allow the attached tensioning cables ( 4) preload. 7. support structure system for an offshore wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that the reinforcement cables (3) connect the tensioning cables (4), the tower (2) and the lift cylinders (5) to one another in order to form an overall system for coordinated force absorption, and that the reinforcement cables (3) are arranged symmetrically and equidistantly from one another on the circumference of the tower (2), so that the maximum bending moment of the tower (2) acts on the connection points between the reinforcement cables (3) and the tower (2). 8. Support structure system for an offshore wind turbine, characterized in that it comprises a tower (2), a spar buoy (6), several buoyancy cylinders (5) and several chain-like tension cables (41), wherein a wind power plant (1) can be arranged on the uppermost area of the tower (2), wherein a first end of the respective lifting cylinder (5) is arranged on a connecting part of the lowermost area of the tower (2), the spar buoy (6) being arranged at the lowest area of the tower (2) and loaded with ballast on the inside, and wherein, in an assembled state, the upper end of the respective chain line-like tensioning cable (41) is connected to the lift cylinder (5) or the spar buoy (6), while its lower end can be anchored to the sea bed. 9. support structure system for an offshore wind turbine according to claim 8, characterized in that under the spar buoy (6), a vertical damping device (10) is also provided, which is arranged upside down in the water and the opening of which is directed downwards. 10. Support structure system for an offshore wind turbine according to claim 9, characterized in that The damping device is a cylinder without a lower cover, which comprises a cylinder top plate (9), a cylinder outer plate (7) and several reinforcing ribs (8) arranged therein, the cylinder outer plate (7) having an opening is provided. 11. Support structure system for an offshore wind turbine according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the upper end of the plurality of chain-line-like tensioning cables (41) arranged symmetrically on the circumference of the tower (2) is connected to the second end of the associated lifting cylinder (5). 12. Support structure system for an offshore wind turbine according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the lift cylinders (5) are arranged radially and at the same angular distance from one another on the circumference of the tower (2). 13. Support structure system for an offshore wind turbine according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the lift cylinder (5) has a round, rectangular or polygonal cross section. 14. Support structure system for an offshore wind turbine according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the chain line shape of the chain line-like tensioning cable (41) changes with the change in the swimming state, the chainline-like tensioning cable (41) providing force components in two directions, i.e. in the vertical and horizontal direction, and where the ratio of the size of the force components increases with the change in the Chain line shape changes. 15. Support structure system for an offshore wind turbine according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the support structure system is designed to use the ballast in the spar buoy (6) for a righting moment, and the angle θ between the tower (2) and the plumb line is limited to a preset range, i.e. θ ∈ (-C, + C), where C <90 ° and the value C is controlled based on the weight of the ballast.