CH129293A - Process for keeping electrolytic baths, especially nickel baths, clean. - Google Patents
Process for keeping electrolytic baths, especially nickel baths, clean.Info
- Publication number
- CH129293A CH129293A CH129293TA CH129293A CH 129293 A CH129293 A CH 129293A CH 129293T A CH129293T A CH 129293TA CH 129293 A CH129293 A CH 129293A
- Authority
- CH
- Switzerland
- Prior art keywords
- particles
- bath
- baths
- magnetic
- anodes
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
- B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
- B03C1/28—Magnetic plugs and dipsticks
- B03C1/288—Magnetic plugs and dipsticks disposed at the outer circumference of a recipient
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D17/00—Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells for electrolytic coating
- C25D17/10—Electrodes, e.g. composition, counter electrode
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D21/00—Processes for servicing or operating cells for electrolytic coating
- C25D21/06—Filtering particles other than ions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/007—Electroplating using magnetic fields, e.g. magnets
- C25D5/009—Deposition of ferromagnetic material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/12—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of nickel or cobalt
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
- Electroplating Methods And Accessories (AREA)
Description
Verfahren zum Reinhalten elektrolytischer Bäder, insbesondere Nickelbäder. Es ist bekannt, dass Trübungen und son stige Verunreinigungen elektrolytischer Bä der durch herumschwimmende kleinste Teil chen die Glätte und Gleichmässigkeit der Niederschläge beeinträchtigen.
In Nickel bädern sind es neben Eisenhydroxyd und ba sischen Salzen kleinste, von den Anoden ab gelöste metallische Nickelteilchen, die sich ihrer Feinheit wegen nur sehr langsam ab setzen und durch Stoff-Filter fast nicht züz entfernen sind, welche die Güte des Nickel niederschlages beeinträchtigen. Sie verursa chen Wucherungen in Form kleiner Knöll- chen auf den Kathodenflächen.
Solche Feh ler finden sich in vermehrter Menge an den nach oben gerichteten Flächenteilen des Ver- nicklungsgutes, da sich auf diesen Flächen die Teilchen unter dem Einfluss der Schwer kraft absetzen. Ausserdem können die Teil chen auch magnetisch beeinflusst werden, so dass beispielsweise Stahlgegenstände, die durch Fräsbearbeitung permanenten Magne tismus angenommen haben, viel stärker be legt erscheinen als weiche Eisenstücke.
Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung bildet nun ein Verfahren zum Reinhalten elektrolytischer Bäder, insbesondere Nickel bäder, zum Zwecke, die erwähnten Übel stände zu beseitigen. Dieses Verfahren be steht darin, dass im Bade herumschwim- mende, metallische Verunreinigungen durch magnetische Einwirkungen von den Katho den ferngehalten werden, indem sie bei spielsweise an den Anoden zurückgehalten oder aus dem Bade entfernt werden.
Die Anoden, die als Nickelanoden eine beträchtliche magnetische Permeabilität be sitzen, können durch elektromagnetische Felder so beeinflusst werden, dass sie die sich bei dem anodischen Zerfall der Elektroden lösenden Teilchen zurückhalten, oder es kön nen diese Teilchen an magnetische Reini gungsorgane des Bades herangezogen und mit Hilfe dieser mechanisch entfernt werden.
Auf der beiliegenden Zeichnung sind Einrichtungen zum Ausführen des Verfah rens beispielsweise veranschaulicht, und zwar zeigt: Fig. 1 einen Schnitt nach der Linie I-I der Fig. 2 durch eine Einrichtung, welche ein Magnetischmachen der Anoden ermög licht; Fig.2 zeigt den dazugehörigen Grund riss ; Fig.3 zeigt eine Filtereinrichtung mit magnetischer Einwirkung, und Fig. 4 .eine zum Reinigen von Bade flüssigkeit dienende Pille.
Bei der in Fig. 1 und 2 gezeigten Ein richtung bezeichnet 1 Nickelanoden, die in üblicher Weise an Stangen 4 aufgehängt und in zwei elektrisch miteinander verbun denen Gruppen angeordnet sind. 5 ist eine Kathodenstange, an der das Vernicklungs- gut (nicht gezeichnet) aufgehängt wird. 2 ist ein gabelförmiger Elektromagnet mit drei Schenkeln, die mit Gummi isoliert sein können. Dieser Elektromagnet 2: ist in das vom Behälter G aufgenommene Nickelbad eingetaucht. Zwei Spulen 3 dienen zur Mag netisierung des Elektromagnetes 2 und da mit der benachbarten Anoden 1.
Im Grun.driss (Fig. 2) sind die entstehen den magnetischen Felder durch gestrichelte Linien angedeutet. Durch diese Felder wer den kleine Anodenteilchen, die sich durch anodischen Zerfall ablösen, zurückgehalten.
Gleichen Dienst wie die Elektromagnete können auch permanente Stahlmagnete in Stab- oder Hufeisenform leisten.
Bei der in Pig. 3 gezeigten Filtereinrich tung mit magnetischer Einwirkung durch strömt die zu reinigende Badeflüssigkeit in der Pfeilrichtung einen Becher 7, wobei sie dem Einfluss eines kräftigen magnetischen Feldes, hervorgerufen durch Elektromagnete 8, ausgesetzt wird, was zur Folge hat, dass, die kleinen metallischen Verunreinigungen an den Wandungen eines herausnehmbaren Filters 11 zurückgehalten werden.
Die Elektromagnete können in der Art; der F@,lclrna,gnet@> eines Xotor# angeordnet .sein und ein odeichgerichtetes zwei- oder mehrpoliges Feld, ein Drehfeld oder ein Wechselfeld erzeugen.
Fig.4 zeigt eine Rille 9, durch welche die zu reinigende Badflüssigkeit in der Pfeilrichtung in dünner Schicht fliesst und die durch eine Anzahl Magnete 10 beein flusst wird, wodurch in der Flüssigkeit sus- pendierte, kleine Teilchen zurückgehalten werden.
Bei Verwendung von Stahlmagneten kann man diesen beliebige, zweckmässige Form geben und sie mit einem Nickelüber zug versehen, wodurch sie vor einem An griff durch die Badflüssigkeit geschützt sind, nicht rosten und das Bad nicht durch Eisensalze verunreinigen.
Process for keeping electrolytic baths, especially nickel baths, clean. It is known that cloudiness and other impurities in electrolytic baths caused by tiny particles floating around impair the smoothness and evenness of the precipitates.
In nickel baths, in addition to iron hydroxide and basic salts, it is the smallest metallic nickel particles loosened from the anodes, which because of their fineness settle very slowly and are almost impossible to remove by fabric filters, which impair the quality of the nickel deposit. They cause growths in the form of small nodules on the cathode surfaces.
Such errors are found in increased numbers on the upwardly directed parts of the surface of the nickel-plated material, since the particles settle on these surfaces under the influence of gravity. In addition, the particles can also be influenced magnetically, so that, for example, steel objects that have assumed permanent magnetism through milling appear to be much more coated than soft pieces of iron.
The present invention now provides a method for keeping electrolytic baths, especially nickel baths, clean, for the purpose of eliminating the abuses mentioned. This method consists in keeping metallic impurities floating around in the bath away from the cathodes by magnetic effects, for example by holding them back on the anodes or removing them from the bath.
The anodes, which, as nickel anodes, have a considerable magnetic permeability, can be influenced by electromagnetic fields in such a way that they hold back the particles that become detached during the anodic decay of the electrodes, or these particles can be attracted to magnetic cleaning organs of the bath and with them Help this be removed mechanically.
In the accompanying drawing, devices for carrying out the method are illustrated, for example, namely: Fig. 1 is a section along the line I-I of Fig. 2 through a device which makes the anodes magnetic. Fig.2 shows the associated ground plan; FIG. 3 shows a filter device with magnetic action, and FIG. 4 shows a pill used for cleaning bath liquid.
In the device shown in Fig. 1 and 2, 1 denotes nickel anodes, which are suspended in the usual manner on rods 4 and which are arranged in two electrically connected groups. 5 is a cathode rod on which the nickel-plated items (not shown) are hung. 2 is a fork-shaped electromagnet with three legs that can be insulated with rubber. This electromagnet 2: is immersed in the nickel bath received by the container G. Two coils 3 are used to magnetize the electromagnet 2 and there with the adjacent anodes 1.
In the Grun.driss (Fig. 2) the resulting magnetic fields are indicated by dashed lines. These fields hold back the small anode particles that are detached due to anodic decay.
Permanent steel magnets in bar or horseshoe shape can perform the same service as electromagnets.
In Pig. 3 Filtereinrich device with magnetic action, the bath liquid to be cleaned flows through a cup 7 in the direction of the arrow, whereby it is exposed to the influence of a strong magnetic field caused by electromagnets 8, which has the consequence that the small metallic impurities on the Walls of a removable filter 11 are retained.
The electromagnets can be like; the F @, lclrna, gnet @> of a Xotor # .be arranged and generate a deciched two-pole or multi-pole field, a rotating field or an alternating field.
4 shows a groove 9 through which the bath liquid to be cleaned flows in the direction of the arrow in a thin layer and which is influenced by a number of magnets 10, as a result of which small particles suspended in the liquid are retained.
When using steel magnets, you can give them any suitable shape and provide them with a nickel coating, which protects them from being attacked by the bath liquid, does not rust and does not contaminate the bath with iron salts.
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH129293T CH129293A (en) | 1927-11-25 | 1927-11-25 | Process for keeping electrolytic baths, especially nickel baths, clean. |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH129293T CH129293A (en) | 1927-11-25 | 1927-11-25 | Process for keeping electrolytic baths, especially nickel baths, clean. |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CH129293A true CH129293A (en) | 1928-12-17 |
Family
ID=4387700
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CH129293T CH129293A (en) | 1927-11-25 | 1927-11-25 | Process for keeping electrolytic baths, especially nickel baths, clean. |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CH (1) | CH129293A (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0015808A1 (en) * | 1979-02-23 | 1980-09-17 | Framatome | Filter for purifying a high-pressure and high-temperature fluid, containing ferromagnetic particles |
EP2823890A1 (en) * | 2013-07-11 | 2015-01-14 | FRANZ Oberflächentechnik GmbH & Co KG | Method and installation for the wet chemical deposition of nickel layers |
-
1927
- 1927-11-25 CH CH129293T patent/CH129293A/en unknown
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0015808A1 (en) * | 1979-02-23 | 1980-09-17 | Framatome | Filter for purifying a high-pressure and high-temperature fluid, containing ferromagnetic particles |
FR2449469A1 (en) * | 1979-02-23 | 1980-09-19 | Framatome Sa | FILTER FOR THE PURIFICATION OF A HIGH PRESSURE AND HIGH TEMPERATURE FLUID CONTAINING FERROMAGNETIC PARTICLES |
EP2823890A1 (en) * | 2013-07-11 | 2015-01-14 | FRANZ Oberflächentechnik GmbH & Co KG | Method and installation for the wet chemical deposition of nickel layers |
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