CA2392100A1

CA2392100A1 - Lacquered moulded parts consisting of synthetic material, method for their production and the use thereof

Info

Publication number: CA2392100A1
Application number: CA002392100A
Authority: CA
Inventors: Achim Grefenstein; Uwe Meisenburg; Karl-Heinz Joost; Heiner Gorrissen; Reinhold Schwalm
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: BASF Coatings GmbH
Priority date: 1999-11-24
Filing date: 2000-10-30
Publication date: 2001-05-31
Also published as: WO2001038427A1; DE19956483A1; MXPA02004533A; AU1389601A; BR0015791A; JP2003514971A; EP1235873A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a lacquered moulded part consisting of synthetic material, comprising at least one synthetic material layer (A), which contains or consists of at least one graft copolymer (a1) composed of (a11) at least one rubber-elastic polymer with a glass transition temperature of below 10 ~C
as the graft base (a12) at least one graft overlay consisting of at least one copolymer with a glass transition temperature of above 30 ~C; and at least one lacquer coat (B) which is provided on the synthetic material layer (A). Said coat can be produced from a lacquer, which when hard has a storage modulus Eï
in the rubber-elastic region of at least 107.6 Pa and a dissipation factor tan .delta. of maximum 0.1 ( at 20 ~C). The storage modulus Eï and the dissipation factor tan .delta. were measured using dynamic mechanic thermal analysis (DMTA) on free homogenous films with a coating thickness of 40 ~ 10 µm. The invention also relates to a method for producing the moulded part consisting of synthetic material and the use thereof.

Description

7~ACQUERED MOULDED PARTS CONSISTING OF SYNTHETIC MATERIAh, METHOD FOR THEIR PRODUCTION AND THE USE THEREOF
The present invention relates to novel coated plastics moldings. The present invention also relates to a novel process for producing them. The present invention relates not least .to the use of the novel coated plastics moldings for producing motor vehicle bodies, especially automobile bodies.
Plastics moldings, especially those of large surface area, are increasingly gaining importance in the production of motor vehicle bodies, especially automobile bodies, owing to their else of production, their comparatively low weight, and their outstanding profile of performance properties, which can be tailored to the particular end use. In connection with this it is necessary to achieve further improvements in the hardness and mar resistance of exterior plastics parts of large surface area.
Exterior parts of large surface area are currently produced primarily from blends of polyphenylene ether and polyamide (PPE/PA) or polybutylene terephthalate and polycarbonate (PBT/PC). While the exterior parts made of PPE/PA are coated on-line, the exterior parts

- 2 -made of PBT/PC are generally coated off-line, i.e., separately.
In order to obtain the high level of hardness required by automakers, the plastics parts are coated with a scratchproof clearcoat. In this connection it is necessary, for reasons of processing, environment, and economics, for the clearcoat materials used to crosslink very rapidly at room temperature while giving rise to very few emissions of organic compounds. This can be achieved using W clearcoat materials such as are described, for example, in German patent DE-C-197 09 467. These W clearcoat materials are what are known as 100 systems, containing no organic solvents; they cure within seconds on exposure to actinic radiation to give highly mar resistant coatings.
Although German patent DE-C-197 09 467 does disclose r that the known UV clearcoat materials may also be used for coating plastics, it does not specify which plastics. The coating of Teflon and polypropylene described in examples 1 to 4 and lines 40 to 44 of page 3 of the German patent serves merely to produce free films for measuring the storage modulus E' and the loss factor tan 8 by dynamic mechanical thermoanalysis (DMTA), since the films of the known cured W clearcoat materials do not adhere to the polymers but instead can be removed easily and without damage.

- 3 -The PBT/PC plastics moldings employed principally to date by the automakers have the grave disadvantage that their toughness, particularly at low temperatures, and their elongation at break are drastically reduced by coating. The reduction may be so great that the coated plastics moldings are no longer suitable for exterior applications where they are exposed to severe mechanical stress - by stonechipping, for example. This disadvantageous effect also occurs when using the UV
clearcoat materials known from German patent DE-C-197 09 467.
It is an object of the present invention to find novel coated plastics moldings which no longer have the disadvantages of the prior art but which instead can be made highly mar resistant by coating without detriment to their other performance properties that are essential for exterior use on motor vehicle bodies.
Moreover, the novel coated plastics moldings ought also to have an outstanding overall appearance, outstanding weathering stability, moisture resistance, and chemical resistance, and outstanding adhesion between plastics and coatings. Not least, the clearcoat should not give rise to any shift in the shade of colored plastics moldings.
Found accordingly has been the novel coated plastics molding comprising

- 4 -(A) at least one plastics layer comprising or consisting of (al) at least one graft copolymer made from, (all) at least one elastomeric polymer having a glass transition temperature of less than 10°C as grafting base (a12) at least one graft comprising at least one copolymer have a glass transition temperature of more than 30°C;
and r (B) at least one coating located on the plastics layers (A) and producible from.a coating material which in the cured state has a storage modulus E' in the elastomeric range of at least 10''6 Pa and a loss factor tan 8 at 20°C of not more then 0.1, the storage modulus E' and the loss factor tan 8 having been measured by dynamic mechanical thermoanalysis (DMTA) on free homogeneous films having a thickness of 40 ~ 10 um.
The novel coated plastics molding is referred to below as "plastics molding of the invention".

Also [lacuna] has been the novel process for producing a coated plastics molding comprising (A) at least one plastics layer comprising or consisting of (al) at least one graft copolymer made from, (a11) at least one elastomeric polymer having a glass transition temperature of less than 10°C as grafting base (a12) at least one graft comprising at least one copolymer have a glass transition temperature of more than 30°C;
and ' (B) at least one coating by applying at least one coating material to the surface of the plastics layers (A) and curing the resulting coating film to give the coating (B), characterized in that this is done using a coating material which in the cured state has a storage modulus E' in the elastomeric range and at least 10''6 Pa and a loss factor tan 8 at 20°C of not more then 0:1, the storage modulus E' and the loss factor tan 8 having been measured by dynamic mechanical thermoanalysis (DMTA) on free homogeneous films having a thickness of 40 ~ 10 ~Cm.
The novel process for producing a coated plastics molding is referred to below as "process of the invention".
Further subject matter of the invention will emerge from the description.
In the light of the prior art it is surprising and unforeseeable for the skilled worker that the object on which the present invention is based could be achieved by means of the plastics molding of the invention and by means of the process of the invention. A particular surprise is that the plastics moldings of the invention have outstanding adhesion between coating and Mastic and that performance properties essential for exterior application are not impaired by the coating.
The plastics molding of the invention comprises, as a constituent essential to the invention, at least one plastics layer (A).
This means that the plastics molding of the invention may be a laminate composed of at least two layers differing in material composition. In this connection it is essential that at least one plastics layer (A) forms the outermost layer of the laminate, so that it _ 7 is in direct contact with the coating. The plastics molding of the invention may, however, also consist merely of one plastics layer (A). Which variant is chosen depends on the technical requirements associated with the particular end uses.
The external form of the plastics molding of the invention is arbitrary. Accordingly, it may have the form of a planar or curved plate, which may have bore holes and/or surface structures. Furthermore, it may have a compact three-dimensional form. Examples of such forms are hubcaps, wheel arches, sills, bumpers, engine hoods, trunk lids, wind deflectors, spoilers, housings for video screens or telephones, domestic appliances or furniture.
The plastics layer (A) for inventive use comprises or consists of at least one graft copolymer (al). Which variant is chosen depends on the technical requirements of the particular end use.
The graft copolymer (al) for inventive use is composed of at least one, especially one, elastomeric polymer (all) having a glass transition temperature of less than 10°C, preferably less than 0°C, preferably -20°C, and in particular -25°C, as grafting base.

- 8 _ Examples of suitable polymers (all) are natural rubber, synthetic rubber based on conjugated dienes, where appropriate in conjunction with further copolymers, or elastomers based on C1 to Ce alkyl esters of acrylic acid, which may contain further comonomers.
As graft base (a11) preference is given to polybutadiene (cf. German patents DE-A-14 20 775 or DE-A-14 95 089) or the copolymers of polybutadiene and styrene (cf. British patent GH-A-649 166). OH
Further examples of suitable graft bases (all) are composed, based in each case on the graft base (all), of (alll) from 70 to 99.9% by weight, in particular 99%
by weight, of at least one C1 to C8 alkyl ester of acrylic acid, preferably n-butyl acrylate and/or 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, especially n-butyl acrylate;
(a112) from 0 to 30% by weight, in particular from 0 to 20% by weight, of at least one further monofunctional olefinically unsaturated monomer which is copolymerizable therewith, such as butadiene, isoprene, styrene, acrylonitrile, methyl methacrylate and/or vinyl methyl ether;
and _ 9 _ (a113) from 0.1 to 5% by weight, in particular from 1 to 4% by weight, of at least one polyfunctional, especially difunctional or trifunctional, olefinically unsaturated, crosslinking monomer which is copolymerizable therewith and is not conjugated in the 1,3 position, such as divinylbenzene, diallyl maleate, diallyl fumarate, diallyl phthalate, triallyl isocyanurate or tricyclodecenyl acrylate, especially tricyclodecenyl acrylate (cf. German patent DE-A-12 60 135).
These graft bases are known per se and are described in, for example, German patent DE-A-31 49 358.
In the graft copolymers (al) the polymers (all) 'or the graft bases (all) are present preferably in an amount, based on the graft polymer (al) , of from 40 to 80% by weight, more preferably from 45 to 75% by weight, and in particular from 50 to 70% by weight.
As a further essential constituent the graft copolymer (a1) comprises at least one graft (a12) having a glass transition temperature of more than 30°C. The outermost graft (a12) preferably has a glass transition temperature of more than 30°C; a polymer formed from the monomers of the graft (a12) would have a glass transition temperature of more than 80°C.

Highly suitable grafts (a12) contain (a121) at least one vinylaromatic monomer and/or at least one alkyl (meth)acrylate and (a122) acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, malefic anhydride and/or at least one maleimide N-substituted by C1 to CB alkyl or C6 to Czo aryl groups.
in copolymerized form.
Especially suitable grafts (a12) result from the use as monomers (a121 or a122) of styrene or alpha-methylstyrene or mixtures of styrene and acrylonitrile, alpha-methylstyrene and acrylonitrile, styrene, acrylonitrile, and methyl methacrylate, or styrene and malefic anhydride.
Especially suitable grafts (a12), based in each case on the graft (a12), contain from 50 to 95% by weight, in particular from 60 to 80% by weight, of at least one monomer (a121) and from 5 to 50% by weight, in particular from 20 to 40% by weight, have at least one monomer (a122).

, CA 02392100 2002-05-17 " - 11 -The grafts (a12) are,obtainable by copolymerizing the above-described monomers (a121) and (a122).
Where the graft copolymer (al) contains a graft base (all) composed of polybutadiene polymers, the term used is acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene graft copolymers or rubbers, which are also referred to for short by those in the art as ABS.
Viewed in terms of method, the graft copolymerization has no special features but instead takes place in accordance with the customary and known methods of graft copolymerization in solution, suspension or, preferably, emulsion as is described, for example, in German patent DE-A-31 49 358.
In the case of the preferred preparation of ABS in emulsion or in solution (solution ABS) the graft base or soft phase (all) has an average particle diameter (d5o of the integral mass distribution) of 0.08 ~,m. By enlarging the particles, by agglomeration, for example, or when the emulsion is obtained by means of the seed latex technique, d5o is adjusted within the range from 0.2 to 0.5 ~.m. In the course of such graft copolymerizations there is, at least in part, a linking of the polymerizing monomers (a121) and (a122) with the rubber (all) already polymerized, the linking probably ~ - 12 -taking place at the double bonds in the rubber, as grafting centers.
Grafting may also take place in a multistage process in which first some of the monomers (a121) and (122) forming the graft shell or graft (a12) are grafted on, and then the remainder.
Where the graft copolymer (al) contains a graft base (all) which is composed of elastomers based on C1 to Ce alkyl esters of acrylic acid, the term used is acrylate-styrene-acrylonitrile graft copolymers or rubbers, which are also referred to for short as ASA by those in the art. Their preparation is known per se and is described in, for example, German patents DE-A-28 26 925, DE-A-31 49 358, DE-A-43 14 118 or DE-A-196 5'1 350.
The graft copolymers (al) may be prepared, for example, by the method described in German patent DE-C-12 60 135. The graft or graft shell (a12) may be built up in one stage or two stages.
In the case of one-stage buildup of the graft shell, a mixture of the monomers (a121) and (a122) in the desired weight ratio in the range from 95:5 to 50:50, preferably from 90:10 to 65:35, is polymerized in the presence of the elastomer (all) in a manner known per se (cf. German patent DE-A-28 26 295), preferably in emulsion.
In the case of two-stage buildup of the graft shell (a12), the first stage generally accounts for from 20 to 70% by weight, preferably from 25 to 50% by weight, in each case based on (a12). It is prepared using preferably only monofunctional vinylaromatic monomers (a121).
The second stage of the graft shell accounts generally for from 30 to 80% by weight, in particular from 50 to 75% by weight, based in each case on (a12). It is prepared using mixtures of the monomers (a121) and (a122) preferably in a weight ratio (a121):(a122) of from 90:10 to 60:40, in particular from 80:20 to '70:30.
The conditions of the graft copolymerization are preferably chosen so as to give particle sizes from 50 to 700 nm (dso of the integral mass distribution).
Corresponding appropriate measures are known and are described in, for example, German patent DE-A-28 26 925.
By means of the seed latex technique it is possible to prepare directly a coarse rubber dispersion.

' - 14 -To obtain very tough products, it is common to use a mixture of at least two graft copolymers (all) having different particle sizes. This can be achieved by enlarging the rubber particles, by agglomeration for example, so that the latex has a bimodal makeup (dsos of the integral mass distribution: 50 to 180 nm and 200 to 700 nm) .
The chemical makeup of the two graft copolymers (a12) is preferably the same, although the shell of the coarsely particulate graft copolymer may also be of multistage, especially two-stage, buildup.
In the ABS or ASA (al) for inventive use the graft is present preferably in an amount, based in each case on (al), of from 20 to 60% by weight, more preferably from 30 to 50% by weight.
The ASA or ABS (al) content of the plastics layer (A) may vary widely.
In a first advantageous embodiment the plastics layers (A) is composed of ASA or ABS (al).
In a second advantageous embodiment the plastics layer (A) or the composition (A) which forms the plastics layer (A) further comprises further constituents. In that case the lower limit on the ASA or ABS (al) content results from the level of toughness which is still just sufficient for a given end use. The skilled worker is therefore able to determine the content on the basis of his or her art knowledge with the assistance where appropriate of simple preliminary tests. The fraction of ASA or ABS (al) in the plastics layer (A) or in the composition (A) of which it is composed, based on its total amount, is preferably from 1 to 99% by weight, more preferably from 3 to 90% by weight, with particular preference from 5 to 80% by weight, and in particular from 10 to 70% by weight.
Examples of suitable further constituents are halogen-free thermoplastic copolymers (a2). Where used, their fraction in the plastics layer (A) may vary widely. The upper limit on the fraction is given by the level of toughness of the plastics layer (A) which is still just as sufficient for a given end use. The upper limit may therefore be determined easily by the skilled worker on the basis of his or her art knowledge with the assistance where appropriate of simple preliminary tests. The fraction of (a2) in (A), based on (A), is preferably from 5 to 90% by weight, more preferably from 10 to 85% by weight, with particular preference from 15 to 80% by weight, and in particular from 20 to 70% by weight.

' - 16 -Highly suitable copolymers (a2) contain, based in each case on (a2), (a21) from 50 to 95% by weight, preferably from 60 to 80% by weight, of at least one of the above-described vinylaromatic monomers and (a22) from 5 to 50% by weight, preferably from 20 to 40% by weight, of at least one of the above-described monomers (a122), methyl acrylate and/or methyl methacrylate.
They are resinous, thermoplastic, and free from rubber.
Particularly preferred copolymers (a2) are those of styrene with acrylonitrile and, if desired, 'methyl methacrylate; of alpha-methylstyrene with acrylonitrile r and, if desired, methyl methacrylate; of styrene and alpha-methylstyrene with acrylonitrile and, i~ desired, methyl methacrylate; or of styrene and malefic anhydride.
Such copolymers (a2) are frequently formed as byproducts in the preparation of the graft copolymers (al), especially when comparatively large amounts of monomers (a121) and (a122) are grafted onto comparatively small amounts of graft bases (all). They may also be prepared specifically by means of free-_ 17 radical copolymerization, in particular by emulsion, suspension, solution or bulk polymerization. They have viscosity numbers in the range from 40 to 160, corresponding to mass-average molecular weights of 40,000,000,000.
Further examples of highly suitable further constituents are aromatic polycarbonates (a3). The fraction of the polycarbonates (a3) in the plastics layer (A) may likewise vary widely and is guided by the requirements of the particular end use. The skilled worker is therefore able to determine the advantageous fraction in a simple way on the basis of his or her art knowledge with the assistance where appropriate of simple preliminary tests. The plastics layer (A) or the composition (A) of which it is composed com~irises, based on (A), preferably from 10 to 80% by weight, more preferably from 15 to 75% by weight, with particular preference from 20 to 70% by weight, and in particular from 25 to 65% by weight of at least one polycarbonate (a3) .
Examples of suitable polycarbonates (a3) are those based on diphenols of the general formula (I) f~~ d!~ . m.
x in which X denotes a single bond, an alkylene group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, an alkylidene group having 2 or 3 carbon atoms, a cycloalkylidene group, -S- or -SOz- .
Examples of highly suitable diphenols I are 4,4'-dihydroxybiphenyl, 2,2'-bis(4-hydroxylphenyl-propane (bisphenol A), 2,4'-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-methylbutane, 1,1-bis(4-hydroxylphenyl)cyclohexane, of which bisphenol A and l,l-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)cyclo-hexane are particularly advantageous and are therefore used with particular preference.
Further examples of highly suitable diphenols are hydroquinone or resorcinol.
Both homopolycarbonates and copolycarbonates are suitable as polycarbonates (a3). In addition to the bisphenol A homopolymer, preference is given to the copolycarbonates of bisphenol A. Also suitable are polydiorganosiloxane-containing polycarbonates, as described, for example, in German patent DE-A-33 34 782.
The polycarbonates (a3) may be branched in a known way.
This comes about preferably through the incorporation of from 0.05 to 2.0 mold, based on the sum of the ., CA 02392100 2002-05-17 diphenols used, of compounds containing at least three phenolic hydroxyl groups.
The especially suitable polycarbonates (a3) have relative viscosities of from 1.10 to 1.50, in particular from 1.25 to 1.40, corresponding to a mass-average molecular weight of from 10,000 to 200,000, preferably from 20,000 to 80,000.
l0 The preparation of the polycarbonates (a3) has no special features in terms of its method but instead takes place by the reaction of the diphenols with phosgene in accordance with the phase boundary process or the process in homogeneous phase, known as the pyridine process. In this case the molecular weight that is to be established in each case is achieved in a known manner by means of a corresponding amount of customary and known chain.terminators. ' Examples of suitable chain terminators are phenol or p-tert-butylphenol or long-chain alkylphenols in accordance with German patent DE-A-28 42 005 such as 4-(1,3-tetramethylbutyl)phenol, monoalkylphenols or dialkylphenols containing in total from 8 tv 20 carbon atoms in the alkyl substituents, in accordance with German patent DE-A-35 06 472, such as p-nonylphenol, 3,5-di-tert-butylphenol, p-tert-octylphenol, p-dodecyl-phenol, 2-(3,5-dimethylheptyl)phenol or 4-(3,5-di-methylheptyl)phenol.
The polycarbonates (a3) described above are preferably halogen-free, polycarbonates (a3) containing ppm levels of hydrolyzable chlorine originating from the preparation of the polycarbonates (a3) with phosgene by the phase boundary process being regarded in accordance with their essential nature as halogen-free.
The plastics layer (A) or the composition (A) of which it is composed may further contain, based on (A), up to 50% by weight, preferably up to 40% by weight, and in particular up to 30% by weight of fibers or particulate and also, where appropriate, electrically conductive fillers and/or reinforcers such as glass fibers,'carbon fibers, mineral fibers, whiskers, alumina fibers, glass beads, quartz flour, mica or wollastonite or aluminum flakes, conductivity blacks or nickel-coated carbon fibers for EMI (electromagnetic interference) applications.
The plastics layer (A) or the composition (A) of which it is composed may further comprise additives, such as are commonly used in the plastics described above, in effective amounts.

Examples of suitable additives a.re dyes, pigments, antistats, antioxidants, lubricants and glidants, mold release agents, flame retardants or stabilizers for improving the thermal stability, the light stability, resistance to hydrolysis or chemical resistance.
The preparation of the plastics layer (A) for inventive use has no special features in terms of its method but instead takes place by preparation of the composition (A) for inventive use in a customary unknown way: for example, by mixing of the above-described substituents in solution or in bulk in a kneading apparatus or an extruder, after which - following removal of the solvent where appropriate - the resulting composition (A) is subjected to shaping processes such as are customary and known in the field of thermoplastics, particularly extrusion combined with calendering, injection molding, film blowing and/or laminating:
The further inventively essential constituent of the plastics molding of the invention has at least one coating (B) located on the plastics layer (A).
The coating (B) for inventive use is producible from a coating material which in the cured state has a storage modulus E' in the elastomeric range of at least 10''6 Pa, in particular at least 108'° Pa, and a loss factor tan 8 at 20°C of not more than 0.1, in particular not more than 0.06, the storage modulus E' and the loss factor tan S having been measured by dynamic mechanical thermoanalysis (DMTA) on free homogeneous films having a thickness of 40 ~ 10 ~.m.
The loss factor tan 8 is defined as the ratio of the loss modulus E" to the storage modulus E'.
Dynamic mechanical thermoanalysis is a commonly known measurement method for determining the viscoelastic properties of coatings and is described in, for example, Murayama, T., Dynamic Mechanical Analysis of Polymeric Material, Esevier, New York, 1978 and Loren W. Hill, Journal of Coatings Technology, Vol. 64, No. 808, May 1992, pages 31 to 33.
The measurements may be carried out using, for example, the instruments MK II, MK III or MK IV from Rheometrics Scientific.
The storage modulus E' and the loss factor tan S are measured on homogeneous free films. The free films are produced conventionally by applying and curing the coating composition on substrates to which the coating composition does not adhere. Examples that may be mentioned of suitable substrates include glass, Teflon, and, in particular, polypropylene. Polypropylene has _ 23 the advantage of ready availability and is therefore normally used as support material.
The thickness of the free films used for the measurement is generally 40 ~ 20 ~.m.
The specific selection of the coating materials by way of the value of the storage modulus in the elastomeric range and the loss factor at 20°C of the cured coating materials makes it possible, in a simple way, to provide coatings (B) having the desired profile properties combining effective mar resistance with effective polishability, chemical resistance and moisture resistance, and weather stability, since both parameters can be determined by means of simple DMTA
measurements. Moreover, the resulting coatings (~) have a high level of gloss and a resistance to acids and r bases which is comparable with those of conventional, heat-cured coating materials.
It is surprising here that even coating materials which at test temperature have only a moderate or even low plastic component yet have a high to very high storage modulus in the elastomeric range give coatings (B) having a high level of mar resistance.
Furthermore, the coatings (B) which are produced from the coating materials selected in accordance with the criteria described above have outstanding adhesion to the plastics layer (A) of the plastics molding of the invention.
Coating compositions having the corresponding, abovementioned viscoelastic properties are preferably coating materials which are curable by means of actinic radiation, especially electromagnetic radiation such as near infrared (NIR) light, visible light, W radiation or X-rays and/or corpuscular radiation such as electron beams. In this connection the W-curable coating materials are advantageous and are used with particular preference in accordance with the invention.
Additionally, coating materials based on organically modified ceramic materials, which are sold, for example, under the brand name ORMOCER~, are also suitable for producing the coatings (B).
These radiation-curable coating materials normally comprise at least one, preferably two or more, radiation-curable binders? based in particular on olefinically unsaturated prepolymers and/or olefinically unsaturated oligomers, one or more reactive diluents if desired, one or more photo-initiators if desired, and customary coatings additives if desired.

It is preferred to use radiation-curable coating materials whose viscosity at 23°C is less than 100 s efflux time in the DIN 4 cup, with particular preference less than 80 s efflux time in the DIN 4 cup.
Examples of binders employed in these radiation-curable coating materials are (meth)acryloyl-functional (meth)acrylic copolymers, polyether acrylates, polyester acrylates, unsaturated polyesters, epoxy acrylates, urethane acrylates, amino acrylates, melamine acrylates, silicone acrylates, and the corresponding methacrylates. It is preferred to use binders which are free from aromatic structural units.
The use of epoxy acrylates leads to mar resistant coatings which although hard generally exhibit a weathering stability which is in need of improvement.
Preference is therefore given to using urethane (meth)acrylates and/or polyester (meth)acrylates, with particular preference aliphatic urethane acrylates.
It is further preferred to use substantially silicone free binders, with particular preference silicone-free binders, since the resulting coating materials have an overcoatability which is improved relative to that of coating materials containing silicone.

" - 26 -The polymers or oligomers used as binders normally have a number-average molecular weight of from 500 to 50,000, preferably from 1000 to 5000.
In the coating materials it is preferred to use polymers and/or oligomers which have at least 2, with particular preference from 3 to 6, double bonds per molecule. The binders used preferably also have a double bond equivalent weight of from 400 to 2000, with particular preference from 500 to 900. Moreover, the binders at 23°C preferably have a viscosity of from 250 to 11,000 mPa.s.
Polyester (meth)acrylates are known in principle to the skilled worker. They may be prepared by a variety of methods. For example, acrylic acid and/or methacrylic acid may be used directly as acid components 'in the synthesis of the polyesters. A further possibility is to use hydroxyalkyl esters of (meth) acrylic acid as an alcohol component directly in the synthesis of the polyesters. Preferably, however, the polyester (meth)acrylates are prepared by acrylating polyesters.
For example, it is possible first to synthesize hydroxyl-containing polyesters which are then reacted with acrylic or methacrylic acid. It is also possible first to synthesize carboxyl-containing polyesters which are then reacted with a hydroxyalkyl ester of acrylic or methacrylic acid. Unreacted (meth)acrylic acid may be removed from the reaction mixture by washing, distilling or, preferably, by reacting with an equivalent amount of a monoepoxide or diepoxide compound using appropriate catalysts, such as triphenylphosphine, for example. For further details regarding the preparation of the polyester acrylates, reference may be made in particular to German and European patents DE-A 33 16 593, DE-A 38 36 370, EP-A-0 054 105, DE-B 20 03 579 or EP-B-0 002 866.
Polyether (meth)acrylates are likewise known in principle to the skilled worker. They may be prepared by a variety of methods. For example, hydroxyl-containing polyethers which are esterified with acrylic acid and/or methacrylic acid may be obtained by reacting dihydric and/or higher polyhydric alcohols with different amounts of ethylene oxide 'and/or propylene oxide in accordance with well-known methods (cf., e.g., Houben-Weyl, volume XIV, 2, Makromolekulare Stoffe II,(1963)). It is also possible to use polymerization products of tetrahydrofuran or butylene oxide.
Flexibilization of the polyether (meth)acrylates and of the polyester (meth)acrylates is possible, for example, by reacting corresponding OH-functional prepolymers and/or oligomers (based on polyether or polyester) with relatively long-chain, aliphatic dicarboxylic acids, especially aliphatic dicarboxylic acids having at least ~

_ 2g -.
6 carbon atoms, such as adipic acid, sebacic acid, dodecanedioic acid and/or dimer fatty acids, for example. This flexibilization reaction may be carried out before or after the addition of acrylic and/or methacrylic acid onto the oligomers and/or prepolymers.
Furthermore, epoxy (meth)acrylates are also well known to the skilled worker and therefore need not be elucidated further..~They are customarily prepared by subjecting acrylic acid to addition reaction with epoxy resins, for example, with epoxy resins based on bisphenol A, or other commercially customary epoxy resins.
Flexibilization of the epoxy (meth)acrylates is possible in a similar way, for example, by reacting corresponding epoxy-functional prepolymers 'and/or oligomers with relatively long-chain, aliphatic dicarboxylic acids, especially aliphatic dicarboxylic acids having at least 6 carbon atoms, such as adipic acid, sebacic acid, dodecanedioc acid and/or dimer fatty acids, for example. This flexibilization reaction may be carried out before or after the addition of acrylic and/or methacrylic acid onto the oligomers and/or prepolymers.
Urethane (meth)acrylates are likewise well known to the skilled worker and need therefore not be elucidated further. They may be obtained by reacting a diisocyanate or polyisocyanate with a chain extender from the group of the diols/polyols and/or diamines/polyamines and/or dithiols/polythiols and/or alkanolamines and then reacting some or all of the remaining free isocyanate groups with at least one hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylate or hydroxyalkyl ester of other ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids.
The amounts of chain extender, diisocyanate and/or polyisocyanate, and hydroxyalkyl ester are preferably chosen so that 1.) the equivalents ratio of the NCO groups to the reactive groups of the chain extender (hydroxyl, amino and/or mercaptyl groups) is situated between 3:1 and 1:2, preferably at 2:1, and 2.) the hydroxyl groups of the hydroxyalkyl esters of the olefinically unsaturated carboxylic acids are present in a stoichiometric amount in relation to the remaining free isocyanate groups of the prepolymer formed from isocyanate and chain extender.
Another possibility is to prepare the polyurethane acrylates by first reacting some of the isocyanate groups of a diisocyanate or polyisocyanate with at least one hydroxyalkyl ester and then to react the remaining isocyanate groups with a chain extender. In this case as well the amounts of chain extender, " - 30 -isocyanate and hydroxyalkyl ester are chosen so that the equivalents ratio of the NCO groups to the reactive groups of the chain extender is situated between 3:1 and 1:2, preferably at 2:1, and the equivalents ratio of the remaining NCO groups to the hydroxyl groups of the hydroxyalkyl ester is 1:1. Of course, all forms intermediate between these two methods are also possible. For example, a portion of the isocyanate groups of a diisocyanate may be reacted first with a diol, then a further portion of the isocyanate groups may be reacted with the hydroxyalkyl ester, after which the remaining isocyanate groups may be reacted with a diamine.
These various preparation methods for the polyurethane acrylates are known (cf., e.g., European patent~EP-A-0 204 161) and therefore require no further description.
Flexibilization of the urethane (meth)acrylates is possible, f or example, by reacting corresponding isocyanate-functional prepolymers and/or oligomers with relatively long-chain, aliphatic diols and/or diamines, especially aliphatic diols and/or diamines having at least 6 carbon atoms. This flexibilization reaction may be carried out before or after the addition of acrylic and/or methacrylic acid onto the oligomers and/or prepolymers.

Further examples of suitable binders are the following, commercially available products:
urethane acrylate Crodamer~ UVU 300 from Croda Resins Ltd . , Kent , GB ;
aliphatic urethane triacrylate Genomer~ 4302 from Rahn Chemie, CH;
aliphatic urethane triacrylate Ebecryl~ 284 from UCB, Drogenbos, Belgium;
aliphatic urethane diacrylate Ebecryl~ 294 from UCB, Drogenbos, Belgium;
aliphatic urethane triacrylate Roskydal~ LS 29$9 from Bayer AG;
aliphatic urethane diacrylate RoskydalOR V94-504 from Bayer AG, Germany;
aliphatic hexafunctional urethane acrylate Viaktin~ VTE
6160 from Vianova, Austria; or aliphatic urethane diacrylate Laromer~ 8861 from BASF
AG, and experimental modifications thereof.

The binder is used in the coating materials for inventive use preferably in an amount of from 5 to 90%
by weight, with particular preference from 20 to 70% by weight, based in each case on the total weight of the coating material in the case of clearcoat materials or on the weight of the coating material without pigments and fillers in the case of pigmented systems.
The coating materials may where appropriate further comprise one or more reactive diluents. These reactive diluents may be olefinically unsaturated compounds. The reactive diluents may be monounsaturated, diunsaturated or polyunsaturated. They normally serve to influence the viscosity and the coatings properties, such as the crosslinking density, for example.
The reactive diluent or diluents are used in the coating materials preferably in an amount of from 0 to 70% by weight, with particular preference from 15 to 65% by weight, based in each case on the total weight of the coating material in the case of clearcoat materials or on the weight of the coating material without pigments and fillers in the case of pigmented systems.
Examples of reactive diluents used are (meth)acrylic acid and esters thereof, malefic acid and its esters, including monoesters, vinyl acetate, vinyl ethers, vinylureas, and the like. Examples that may be mentioned include alkylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, polyethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, 1,3-butanediol di(meth)acrylate, vinyl (meth)acrylate, allyl (meth)acrylate, glycerol tri(meth)acrylate, trimethyl-olpropane tri(meth)acrylate, trimetholylpropane di(meth)acrylate, styrene, vinyltoluene, divinylbenzene, pentaerythritol tri(meth)acrylate, pentaerythritol tetra(meth)acrylate, dipropylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, hexanediol di(meth)acrylate, ethoxyethoxyethyl acrylate, N-vinylpyrrolidone, phenoxyethyl acrylate, dimethylaminoethyl acrylate, hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylate, butoxyethyl acrylate, isobornyl (meth)acrylate, dimethylacrylamide, and dicyclopentyl acrylate, or the long-chain linear diacrylates described in EP-A-250 631 and having a molecular weight of from 400 to 4000, preferably from 600 to 2500. For example, the two acrylate groups may be separated by a polyoxybutylene structure. Also possible for use are 1,12-dodedecyl acrylate and the reaction product of 2 mol of acrylic acid with one mole of a dimer fatty alcohol having generally 36 carbon atoms. Mixtures of said monomers are also suitable.
Preferred reactive diluents used are monoacrylates and/or diacrylates, such as isobornyl acrylate, hexanediol diacrylate, tripropylene glycol diacrylate, Laromer~ 8887 from BASF AG, and Actilane~ 423 from Akcros Chemicals Ltd., Great Britain. Particular preference is given to using isobornyl acrylate, hexanediol diacrylate, and tripropylene glycol diacrylate.
The coating materials comprise where appropriate, preferably in fractions of from 0 to 10% by weight, preferably from 2 to 6% by weight, based on the weight of the coating material without pigments and fillers, of customary photoinitiators used in radiation-curable coating compositions, examples being benzophenones, benzoins or benzoin ethers, preferably benzophenone. It is also possible to use, for example, the products available commercially under the brand names Irgacure~
184, Irgacure~ 1800 and Irgacure~ 500 from Ciba Geigy, Grenocure~ MBF from Rahn, and Lucirin~ TPO frdm BASF
AG.
Furthermore, the coating materials where appropriate further comprise customary coatings additives, examples being light stabilizers (e. g., HALS compounds, benzotriazoles, oxalanilide and the like), slip additives, polymerization inhibitors, flatting agents, defoamers, leveling agents and film-forming auxiliaries, e.g., cellulose derivatives, or other additives commonly used in coating materials. These coatings additives are commonly used in an amount of up to 50% by weight, preferably up to 45% by weight, based r on the weight of the coating material without pigments and without fillers. Further examples of suitable coatings additives are described in the textbook "Lackadditive" [Additives for coatings] by Johan Bielernan, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, New York, 1998.
The coating materials are employed in particular as clearcoat materials, so that they normally contain only transparent fillers, if any, and no opaque pigments. It is also possible, however, to use them in the form of pigmented coating materials. In this case the coating materials contain from 2 to 40% by weight, based on the total weight of the coating material, of one or more pigments. Additionally in this case the coating materials may contain from l.to 20% by weight, based on the total weight of the coating material, of 'one or more fillers. For further details refer to Rompp Lexikon Lacke and Druckfarben, Georg Thieme Verlag, 1998, pages 176, "effect pigments"; pages 380 and 381 "metal oxide-mica pigments" to "metal pigments";
pages 180 and 181, "iron blue pigments" to "black iron oxide"; pages 451 to 453, "pigments" to "pigment volume concentration"; page 563 "thioindigo pigments"; page 567 "titanium dioxide pigments"; and pages 250 ff., "fillers"
The preparation of the coating materials for inventive use has no special features in terms of its method but instead takes place in a customary and known way by mixing of the above-described constituents in solution or in the melt in suitable mixing equipment such as dissolvers, stirred tanks, extruders or stirrer mills, taking appropriate measures, such as working under illumination with visible light with a wavelength of more than 550 nm or in the absence of light, in order to prevent premature crosslinking of the coating materials.
For further details of the preparation and the testing of the coating materials, refer to German patent DE-A-197 09 467.
For producing the coating (B) for inventive use, the coating material described above is applied preferably in a wet film thickness such that curing thereof results in the finished coating (B), especially clearcoat (B) , with a dry film thickness of from 10 to 250, preferably from 15 to 200, with particular preference from 20 to 150, and in particular from 20 to 100 ~.m.
The coating material may be applied by any customary application method, such as spraying, knife coating, brushing, flow coating, dipping or rolling, for example. Preference is given to employing spray application methods, such as compressed air spraying, airless spraying, high-speed rotation, electrostatic spray application (ESTA), alone or in conjunction with hot spray application such as hot air spraying, for example. Application can be made at temperatures of max. 70 to 80° Celsius, so that suitable application viscosities are achieved without the short period of thermal loading being accompanied by any change in or damage to the coating material and its overspray, which may be intended for reprocessing. Hot spraying, for instance, may be configured in such a way that the coating material is heated only very shortly in or shortly before the spray nozzle.
The spray booth used for application may be operated, for example, with an optionally temperature-controllable circulation system which is operated with a suitable absorption medium for the overspray, an example being the coating material itself.
Application is preferably made under illumination with visible light with a wavelength of more than 550 nm or in the absence of light. This prevents material damage to or change in the coating material and the overspray.
The coating film resulting on the plastics layer (A) is cured with actinic radiation.

Curing may take place after a certain rest time. This may have a duration of from 30 s to 2 h, preferably from 1 min to 1 h, and in particular from 1 min to 45 min. The rest time serves, for example, for leveling and devolatilization of the coating films or for the evaporation of volatile constituents such as solvents.
The rest time may be assisted and/or shortened by the application of elevated temperatures up to 90°C and/or by means of reduced air humidity < 10 g water/kg air, ZO in particular < 5 g/kg air, provided this does not entail any damage to or change in the coating films, such as evaporation of the reactive diluents or premature complete crosslinking, for instance.
Curing with actinic radiation is carried out using the customary and known radiation sources and bptical auxiliary measures. Examples of suitable radiation r sources are high or low pressure mercury vapor lamps, which have been doped with lead in order to open up a radiation window of up to 405 nm, or electron beam sources. Their arrangement is known in principle and may be adapted to the circumstances of the plastics molding of the invention and the process parameters. In the case of plastics moldings of complex shape such as parts of automobile bodies, those regions not accessible to direct radiation (shadow regions) such as cavities, folds and other structural undercuts may be (partially) cured using pointwise, small-area or all-~

round emitters in conjunction with an automatic movement means for the irradiation of cavities or edges.
Curing with actinic radiation is preferably carried out under an inert gas atmosphere.
The equipment and conditions for these curing methods are described, for example, in R. Holmes, U.V.. and E.B.
Curing Formulations for Printing Inks, Coatings and Paints, SITA Technology, Academic Press, London, United Kingdom 1984.
On the basis of their particular advantages, the plastics moldings of the invention produced in the above-described procedure according to the invention may be put to a large number of uses. By way of example, mention may be made of the production of motor vehicle bodies and articles of utility, including casings for electrical and electronic components, and also furniture. In all end applications, the plastics moldings of the invention exhibit a better visual impression and a longer service life than conventional coated plastics moldings, so making them particularly attractive economically to the user.
Examples and comparative experiments Preparation Example 1 The preparation of a coating material for inventive use For the examples and comparative experiments below a W-curable coating material was prepared from - based on the total amount of the coating material - 54% by weight of a urethane acrylate prepared by reacting the isocyanurate of hexamethylene diisocyanate with 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, 43% by weight of 1,6-hexane-diol diacrylate and 3% by weight of the photoinitiator Irgacure~ 500 from Ciba Specialty Chemicals, by intensive stirring using a dissolver.
The viscoelastic data for homogeneous cured films of the coating material (irradiative dose: 1500 mJ/cm2) were determined by DMTA measurements as described in German patent DE-C-197 09 467. The storage modulus E' r was 108'3 Pa, the loss factor tan 8 at 20°C was 0.005.
Examples 1 and 2 and comparative experimenta C1 to C4 The production of inventive plastics moldings (Examples 1 and 2) and of noninventive moldings (comparative experiments Cl to C3) and their mechanical properties For Example 1 and comparative experiment C1 a commercial blend of - based on the blend - 40% by weight ABS, containing - based on ABS - 42% by weight of a polybutadiene rubber, and 60% by weight polycarbonate (PC) was used (Bayblend~ T65MN from Bayer AG) .
For Example 2 and comparative experiment C2 a commercial blend of - based on the blend - 40% by weight ASA, containing - based on ASA - 25% by weight of an acrylate rubber, and 60% by weight PC was used (Luran~ S KR 2864C from BASF Aktiengesellschaft).
For Example 3, a commercial ASA was used (Luran~ S 778T
from BASF Aktiengesellschaft).
For Example 4, a commercial ABS was used (Terluran~
GP-22 from BASF Aktiengesellschaft). ' For Examples 1 to 4, plastics moldings of the invention were produced, having the customary and known, standardized dimensions required for the measurements reported in Table 1, and coated on one side with a 50 ~m coating produced from the coating material of preparation example 1 by UV irradiation with a dose of 1500 mJ/cm2.
For comparative experiments C1 and C2, Examples 1 and 2, and for comparative experiments C5 and C6, Examples 3 and 4 were repeated except that the plastics moldings were not coated with the coating.
Table 1 compares the results of the measurements in accordance with the examples to the results of the measurements in accordance with the comparative experiments C1, in pairs (1/C1, 2/C2, 3/C5, and 4/C6) with one another. The comparison shows that the mechanical properties of the blends suffer only very little, if any, detriment from the coating (1/C1 and 2/C2). The mechanical properties of ASA and ABS were reduced relatively more strongly by the coating, but remained within an acceptable range.
For comparative experiment C3, Example 1 was repeated but using a commercial blend of polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) and PC instead of a blend of ABS
and PC. ' For comparative experiment C4, comparative experiment C1 was repeated but using a commercial blend of PBT and PC instead of a blend of ABS and PC.
Table 1 compares the results of the measurements according to comparative experiments C3 and C4 with one another. The results show that the blend of PBT and PC
was damaged more severely in its mechanical properties by the coating.

Table l: Notched impact strength to ISO 179-2/leA, impact strength to ISO 179-2/1fU (coating material on side of tension) and tensile test to ISO 527 (pull-off speed 5 mm/min) of inventive plastics moldings (Examples 1 to 4) and noninventive plastics moldings (comparative experiments C1 to C6) Example ISO 179-2/leAISO 179-2/1fU ISO 527 Elast-and Thickness Thickness (mm)elongation icity (mm) compar- (N/amnz) (N/mm~) at break ative Toughness Toughness aT -20C (%) aT

modulus (kJ/ms) -20C (kJ/ms) 23C

exper-invent No.

i 1 3.04 15.2 3.04 76 75 75 C1 3.04 14.9 3.04 76 75 105 2 3.03 14.4 3.04 74. 78.9 52 C2 3.04 14.8 3.04 71. 81.1 93.3 C3 3.04 2.5 3.03 12. 4.3 5.1 C4 3.03 13.4 3.03 72. 78.5 54.5 3 3.05 2.8 3.05 26 14 28 C5 3.03 3.2 3.03 32 18 37 4 3.05 6.8 3,03 23 24 40 C6 3.04 7.9 3.04 36 26 45 Example 5 The production of inventive plastics moldings based on an ASA/PC blend (Luran~ S KR 2864C) For Example 5, plastics moldings of Luran~ S KF~ 2864C
of the invention were produced, having the customary and known, standardized dimensions required for the tests described below, and coated on one side with a 50 ~m coating produced from the coating material of preparation example 1 by UV irradiation with a dose of 1500 mJ/cma .
Using the inventive plastics moldings the following tests were carried out:

~

1. Notched impact strength to ISO 179-2/leA
(specimens taken longitudinally to the flow direction) Thickness (mm): 3.04 Toughness aT (kJ/mz): 23°C: 40.5; -20°C: 12.4 2. Impact strength to ISO 179-2/1fU (coating material on side of tension, specimens taken longitudinally to the flow direction during injection molding):
Thickness (mm): 3.04 Toughness aT (kJ/mz): 23°C: 60.9; -20°C: 68.3;
-30°C: 54.4 3. Penetration test for DIN 53443 (on the side of coating material tension):
Thickness (mm): 3.10 ' WT (Nm): 23°C: 58.5; -10°C: 22.9 ST (Nm) : 23°C: 22.7 4. Crosshatch test to DIN 53 151:
Characteristic value: GTO
The following tests were carried out in accordance with the DaimlerChrysler laboratory specifications or Daimler-Benz laboratory specifications (DBL). These laboratory specifications are common knowledge to those in the art.

5. Stonechippiag DHL 5416:

Characteristic value: 0.5

6. Steam jet test DBL 5416:
No delamination

7. Constant climatic cycling test DBL 5416/168h, 668h:
Test period: 168; degree of blistering 1h after exposure: amount 0, size 0 degree of blistering 24h after exposure: amount 0, size 0 Test period: 668; degree of blistering 1h after exposure: amount 0, size 0 degree of blistering 24h after exposure: amount 0, size 0

8. Chemicals test DBL 5416:
Assessment after 24-hour storage at room temperature (RT) 10% strength sulfuric acid characteristic value 0 (lh/RT) Isopropanol (lOh/RT): characteristic value 0 1s strength sodium characteristic value 1 hydroxide (lh/RT):

1% strength sodium characteristic value 2 hydroxide (16h/RT):

Oil soot (lh/70C): characteristic value 0 °

Tar solution (24h/RT): characteristic value 0 Glysantin~/water (lh/RT): characteristic value 0 Wesynth~ 94 (lOh/RT): characteristic value 0 Diesel (lh/RT): characteristic value 0 Brake fluid (lh/RT): characteristic value 0 Outer skin preservative characteristic value 0 (24h/RT)

9. MB scratch sample, crosshatch and cross-cut following constant climatic cycling teat:
Test MB scratch Crosshatch Cross-cut dura- sample (characteristic (characteristic tion (characteristic value) value) (h) value) 24hb~ RT lha~ 24hb~ RT lha~ 24hb~ RT lh~~ 24hb~

168 2 2 2.5 GTO GT0.5 GT0.5 0 0 0 The experimental results presented in sections 1. to 9.
show that the inventive moldings have very good mechanical and coatings properties. The excellent adhesion of the coatings of the blend is deserving of emphasis.

Claims

1. A coated plastics molding comprising (A) at least one plastics layer comprising or consisting of (a1) at least one graft copolymer made from, (a11) at least one elastomeric polymer having a glass transition temperature of less than 10°C as grafting base (a12) at least one graft comprising at least one copolymer have a glass transition temperature of more than 30°C;
and (B) at least one coating located on the plastics layer (A) and producible from a coating material which in the cured state has a storage modulus E' in the elastomeric range and at least 10 7.6 Pa and a loss factor tan ~
at 20°C of not more then 0.1, the storage modulus E' and the loss factor tan ~ having been measured by dynamic mechanical thermoanalysis (DMTA) on free homogeneous films having a thickness of 40 ~ 10 µm.

2. The plastics molding of claim 1, characterized in that the coating material in the cured state has a storage modulus E' in the elastomeric range of at least 10 8.0 Pa and a loss factor tan 8 at 20°C of not more than 0.06.

3. The plastics molding of claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the coating material is curable with actinic radiation.

4. The plastics molding of claim 3, characterized in that the coating material is curable with electromagnetic radiation and/or corpuscular radiation.

5. Plastics molding of one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the elastomeric polymer (all) is natural rubber, a synthetic rubber based on conjugated dienes and/or an elastomer based on C1 to C8 alkyl esters of acrylic acid.

6. The plastics molding of one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the copolymer (a12) contains (a121) at least one vinylaromatic monomer and/or at least one alkyl (meth)acrylate and (a122) acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, maleic anhydride and/or at least one maleimide N-substituted by C1 to C8 alkyl or C6 to C20 aryl groups.

in copolymerized form.

7. The plastics molding of one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the graft copolymer (a1) is an acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene graft copolymer (ABS) or an acrylonitrile-styrene-acrylate graft copolymer (ASA).

8. The plastics molding of one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the plastics layer (A) further comprises (a2) at least one ungrafted copolymer containing at least one monomer (a121) and at least one monomer (a122) in copolymerized form.

9. The plastics molding of one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the plastics layer (A) further comprises (a3) at least one polycarbonate.

10. A process for producing a coated plastics molding comprising (A) at least one plastics layer comprising or consisting of (a1) at least one graft copolymer made from, (a11) at least one elastomeric polymer having a glass transition temperature of less than 10°C as grafting base (a12) at least one graft comprising at least one copolymer have a glass transition temperature of more than 30°C;
and (B) at least one coating by applying at least one coating material to the surface of the plastics layers (A) and curing the resulting coating film to give the coating (B), characterized in that this is done using a coating material which in the cured state has a storage modulus E' in the elastomeric range of at least 10 7.6 Pa and a loss factor tan ~ at 20°C of not more then 0.1, the storage modulus E' and the loss factor tan 8 having been measured by dynamic mechanical thermoanalysis (DMTA) on free homogeneous films having a thickness of 40 ~
10 µm.

11. The process of claim 10, characterized in that the coating material in the cured state has a storage modulus E' in the elastomeric range of least 10 8.0 Pa and a loss factor tan ~ at 20°C of not more than 0.06.

12. The process of claim 10 or 11, characterized in-that the coating material is curable with actinic radiation.

13. The process of claim 12, characterized in that the coating material is curable with electromagnetic radiation and/or corpuscular radiation.

14. The process of one of claims 10 to 13, characterized in that the elastomeric polymer (a11) is natural rubber, a synthetic rubber based on conjugated dienes and/or an elastomer based on C1 to C8 alkyl esters of acrylic acid.

15. The process of one of claims 10 to 14, characterized in that the copolymer (a12) contains (a121) at least one vinylaromatic monomer and/or at least one alkyl (meth)acrylate and (a122) acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, maleic anhydride and/or at least one maleimide N-substituted by C1 to C8 alkyl or C6 to C20 aryl groups.
in copolymerized form.

16. The process of one of claims 10 to 15, characterized in that the graft copolymer (a1) is an acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene graft copolymer (ABS) or an acrylonitrile-styrene-acrylate graft copolymer (ASA).

17. The process of one of claims 10 to 16, characterized in that the plastics layer (A) further comprises (a2) at least one ungrafted copolymer containing at least one monomer (a121) and at least one monomer (a122) in copolymerized form.

18. The process of one of claims 10 to 17, characterized in that the plastics layer (A) further comprises (a3) at least one polycarbonate.

19. Use of the plastics moldings of one of claims 1 to 9 and/or of the plastics moldings produced by the process of one of claims 10 to 18 for producing motor vehicle bodies and articles of utility, including casings for electrical and electronic components, and also furniture.