CA2346138A1 - Method and installation for drying a textile mass - Google Patents
Method and installation for drying a textile mass Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2346138A1 CA2346138A1 CA002346138A CA2346138A CA2346138A1 CA 2346138 A1 CA2346138 A1 CA 2346138A1 CA 002346138 A CA002346138 A CA 002346138A CA 2346138 A CA2346138 A CA 2346138A CA 2346138 A1 CA2346138 A1 CA 2346138A1
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- Prior art keywords
- water vapor
- drying zone
- condenser
- drying
- temperature
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
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Classifications
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
- D06F58/00—Domestic laundry dryers
- D06F58/20—General details of domestic laundry dryers
- D06F58/206—Heat pump arrangements
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
- D06F58/00—Domestic laundry dryers
- D06F58/20—General details of domestic laundry dryers
- D06F58/26—Heating arrangements, e.g. gas heating equipment
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B23/00—Heating arrangements
- F26B23/001—Heating arrangements using waste heat
- F26B23/002—Heating arrangements using waste heat recovered from dryer exhaust gases
- F26B23/004—Heating arrangements using waste heat recovered from dryer exhaust gases by compressing and condensing vapour in exhaust gases, i.e. using an open cycle heat pump system
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B23/00—Heating arrangements
- F26B23/001—Heating arrangements using waste heat
- F26B23/002—Heating arrangements using waste heat recovered from dryer exhaust gases
- F26B23/005—Heating arrangements using waste heat recovered from dryer exhaust gases using a closed cycle heat pump system ; using a heat pipe system
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/52—Heat recovery pumps, i.e. heat pump based systems or units able to transfer the thermal energy from one area of the premises or part of the facilities to a different one, improving the overall efficiency
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
- Detail Structures Of Washing Machines And Dryers (AREA)
- Accessory Of Washing/Drying Machine, Commercial Washing/Drying Machine, Other Washing/Drying Machine (AREA)
Abstract
The invention concerns a method and an installation for drying a textile mass, in particular applied to wet clothes after washing. Said method comprises the following steps: passing overheated water vapour (2, 7) through the textile mass located in said drying zone (1) so as to extract by evaporation from the textile mass the moisture contained therein in the form of water vapour;
recuperating (3, 4, 6) the condensation heat of the water vapour extracted from the textile mass to produce, at least partly, said overheated water vapour.
recuperating (3, 4, 6) the condensation heat of the water vapour extracted from the textile mass to produce, at least partly, said overheated water vapour.
Description
METHOD AND INSTALLATION FOR DRYING A TEXTILE MASS
The invention relates to a method and installation for drying a textile mass, in particular applied to wet clothes after washing. The French patent no. 2 386 001 (ELECTRICITY COUNCIL) dated October 27, 1978, describes a method for continuously drying materials by means of overheated water vapor. This document also describes a method for recovering condensation heat from the water vapor through mechanical recompression of the drying fluid. Moreover, this document teaches that when the material to be dried is continuously entered into the drying chamber and it removed therefrom in the form of dried material, air penetrations due to leakage occur in the drying chamber. This air flows together with the vapor and reduces the energy performance of the installation, in particular that of the system recovering heat through mechanical recompression of the water vapor laden air. In order to remedy this disadvantage, ELECTRICITY COUNCIL recommends using a separator for separating the air from the condensed liquid.
US patent no. 5 228 211 (STUBBING THOMAS J) essentially relates to a continuous drying method using a mixture of air and overheated water vapor. This mixture is progressively enriched with water vapor during drying. This drying method therefore has the disadvantages inherent to air/water vapor mixtures that have just been described.
Patent no. :WO 86 02 149 (GOLDBERG MICHAEL) essentially relates to a hot air drying method. The hot air is progressively laden with water vapor. This document also describes a device for recovering condensation heat through a heat pump. The GOLDBERG
method thus has the disadvantages of the air/water vapor mixture drying techniques.
The object of this invention is to improve the energy performance of prior art drying methods without having the disadvantages of the systems using air/water vapor mixtures.
In order to achieve this object, the method according to the invention comprises the step of passing overheated water vapor through the textile mass located in the drying zone of the overheated water vapor (VES) so as to extract by evaporation from the textile mass the moisture contained therein in the form of water vapor. Then recovering the condensation heat of the water vapor extracted from the textile mass to produce, at least partly, the overheating of the flowing water vapor. The method according to the invention further comprises, at start-up, a preliminary phase of purging the air from the drying zone and replacing it with overheated water vapor. Thus, the disadvantages of air/water vapor mixtures are avoided. Such a technique of purging the air during a transient phase has been described in the patent CLODIC no. FR 96 02895 filed on March 7, 1996, on behalf of ARMINES.
During the drying phase, the overheated water vapor exchanges its heat with clothes the water vapor of which evaporates at 100°C, then this water is condensed on a condenser to keep the pressure constant inside the circuit and at the same time allow another vapor overheating. This vapor is moved by a fan. This VES
drying phase allows the global energy efficiency to be improved by about 20° (passing from a consumption of 0.7 kWh/kg of dry cotton, typical consumption of the best current tumble-dryers, to less than 0.55 kWh/kg of dry cotton).
The phase of recovering the condensation heat of the water vapor extracted from the clothes allows energy consumption to be reduced by about 40o in comparison with the consumption using only VES. The method according to this invention allows consumption to be reduced to 0.33 kWh/kg of dry cotton.
According to a first alternative embodiment, to recover the condensation heat of the water vapor extracted from the textile mass, - a fraction of the water vapor is sampled at the output of the drying zone, then - said sampled fraction is compressed, in particular through isentropic compression, before entering it into a condenser located at the input of the drying zone.
By means of this method, the condensation inside the condenser of the sampled fraction supplies the heat energy required for overheating the water vapor at the input of the drying zone.
Advantageously, the sampled fraction is compressed at a pressure so that the condensation temperature inside the condenser is comprised within 135°C
and 170°C. Under such conditions, the water vapor at the input of the drying zone is overheated in a temperature range comprised between 130°C and 165°C.
Also advantageously, for this alternative embodiment, the amount of water vapor sampled at the output of the drying zone is controlled by means of a temperature probe located at the input of the drying zone. This temperatuz:e probe operates a regulating valve mounted on the sampling circuit. If the temperature is too low, the regulating valve opens up and the sampling circuit derives a greater amount of water vapor.
Reciprocally, if the temperature is too high, the regulating valve closes down proportionately and the sampling circuit derives a smaller amount of water vapor.
Also advantageously, for this alternative embodiment, the heat energy of the hot water coming out of the condenser is used for heat insulating the drying zone.
According to another alternative embodiment, to recover the condensation heat of the water vapor extracted from the textile mass, a heat pump circuit implementing a phase changing fluid, such as water, is used.
Preferably, for this alternative embodiment, the phase changing fluid is vaporized into a condenser evaporator through which passes the water vapor coming out of said drying zone. A fraction of the water vapor coming out of the drying zone is condensed correlatively on the condenser evaporator.
Also preferably, for this alternative embodiment, the phase changing fluid, in vapor state, is compressed, in particular through isentropic compression, at the output of the condenser evaporator. It is then entered into a condenser located at the input of the drying zone. By means of this method, the condensation inside the condenser of the phase changing fluid supplies the heat energy required for overheating the water vapor at the input of the drying zone.
Advantageously, the phase changing fluid is compressed at a pressure so that the condensation temperature inside the condenser is comprised between 135°C and 170°C. Under these conditions, the water vapor at the input of the drying zone is overheated in a temperature range comprised between 130°C and 165°C.
Also advantageously, the flow rate of the phase changing fluid is controlled in the heat pump circuit by 5 means of a temperature probe, located at the input of the drying zone. This temperature probe operates a regulating valve mounted on the heat pump circuit. If the temperature is too low, the regulating valve opens up and the flow rate inside the heat pump circuit increases. If the temperature is too high, the regulating valve closes down and the flow rate in the heat pump circuit decreases.
The invention also relates to an installation for drying a wet textile mass, in particular applied to a mass of clothes. Said textile mass :is located in a drying zone, in particular in the form of a rotating drum. The installation comprises a supply circuit, supplying the drying zone with overheated water vapor.
The flow of overheated water vapor allows to extract from the textile mass, by evaporation, the moisture contained therein in the form of water vapor. The installation also comprises a circuit for recovering the condensation heat of the water vapor extracted from the textile mass. This recovery circuit is to produce, at least partly, the overheated water vapor. The installation further comprises a circuit for replacing the air contained in the drying zone with overheated water vapor, functioning transitionally during the start-up phase.
According to a first alternative embodiment, the circuit for recovering the condensation heat of the water vapor extracted from the textile mass, comprises:
- a valve allowing to derive a fraction of the water vapor at the output of the drying zone, - a compressor compressing said derived fraction, in particular isentropically, - a condenser located, downstream of the condenser, at the input of the drying zone.
The condensation inside said condenser of said derived fraction supplies the heat energy required for overheating the water vapor at the input of the drying zone.
Advantageously, the compressor compresses the derived fraction at a pressure so that the condensation temperature inside the condenser is comprised between 135°C and 1'70°C. Under these conditions, the water vapor at the input of the drying zone is overheated in a temperature .range comprised between 130°C and 165°C.
Preferably, said valve is a thermostatic regulating valve operated by a temperature probe located at the input of the drying zone. If the temperature is too low, the thermostatic regulating valve opens up and the recovery circuit derives a greater amount of water vapor. Reciprocally, if the temperature is too high, the thermostatic regulating valve closes down and the recovery circuit derives a smaller amount of water vapor.
Advantageously, a heat-insulated circuit, through which passes the hot water coming out of said condenser, at least partly surrounds the drying zone.
According to another alternative embodiment of the drying installation, the recovery circuit for recovering the condensation heat of the water vapor extracted from the textile mass, comprises a heat pump circuit through which passes a phase changing fluid, such as water.
Preferably, for this alternative embodiment, the heat pump circuit further comprises a condenser evaporator through with passes the water vapor coming out of said drying zone. This condenser evaporator vaporizes the phase changing fluid. Correlatively, a fraction of the water vapor coming out of the drying zone condenses in the condenser evaporator.
Also preferably, the heat pump circuit further comprises, upstream of said condenser evaporator, a compressor compressing, in particular isentropically, the phase changing f~uid. This fluid is in vapor state.
It is then entered into a condenser located at the input of the drying zone. The condensation inside the condenser of the phase changing fluid supplies the heat l0 energy required for overheating the water vapor at the input of the drying zone.
Advantageously, for this alternative embodiment, the compressor compresses the phase changing fluid at a pressure so that the condensation temperature inside the condenser is comprised between 135°C and 170°C. Under these conditions, the water vapor at the input of the drying zone is overheated in a temperature range comprised between 130°C and 165°C.
Preferably, the heat pump circuit further comprises a temperature probe located at the input of the drying zone. This temperature probe operates a thermostatic regulating valve mounted on the heat pump circuit. If the temperature is too low, the thermostatic regulating valve opens up and the flow rate inside the heat pump circuit increases. Reciprocally, if the temperature is too high, the thermostatic regulating valve closes down and the flow rate inside the heat pump circuit decreases.
Other features and advantages of the invention will 3o be apparent from reading the description of the alternative embodiments of the invention, given by way of example and not to be restrictive, and of:
- Fig. 1 representing the diagram of a first alternative embodiment of a drying installation;
- Fig. 2 representing a second alternative embodiment.
The invention relates to a method and installation for drying a textile mass, in particular applied to wet clothes after washing. The French patent no. 2 386 001 (ELECTRICITY COUNCIL) dated October 27, 1978, describes a method for continuously drying materials by means of overheated water vapor. This document also describes a method for recovering condensation heat from the water vapor through mechanical recompression of the drying fluid. Moreover, this document teaches that when the material to be dried is continuously entered into the drying chamber and it removed therefrom in the form of dried material, air penetrations due to leakage occur in the drying chamber. This air flows together with the vapor and reduces the energy performance of the installation, in particular that of the system recovering heat through mechanical recompression of the water vapor laden air. In order to remedy this disadvantage, ELECTRICITY COUNCIL recommends using a separator for separating the air from the condensed liquid.
US patent no. 5 228 211 (STUBBING THOMAS J) essentially relates to a continuous drying method using a mixture of air and overheated water vapor. This mixture is progressively enriched with water vapor during drying. This drying method therefore has the disadvantages inherent to air/water vapor mixtures that have just been described.
Patent no. :WO 86 02 149 (GOLDBERG MICHAEL) essentially relates to a hot air drying method. The hot air is progressively laden with water vapor. This document also describes a device for recovering condensation heat through a heat pump. The GOLDBERG
method thus has the disadvantages of the air/water vapor mixture drying techniques.
The object of this invention is to improve the energy performance of prior art drying methods without having the disadvantages of the systems using air/water vapor mixtures.
In order to achieve this object, the method according to the invention comprises the step of passing overheated water vapor through the textile mass located in the drying zone of the overheated water vapor (VES) so as to extract by evaporation from the textile mass the moisture contained therein in the form of water vapor. Then recovering the condensation heat of the water vapor extracted from the textile mass to produce, at least partly, the overheating of the flowing water vapor. The method according to the invention further comprises, at start-up, a preliminary phase of purging the air from the drying zone and replacing it with overheated water vapor. Thus, the disadvantages of air/water vapor mixtures are avoided. Such a technique of purging the air during a transient phase has been described in the patent CLODIC no. FR 96 02895 filed on March 7, 1996, on behalf of ARMINES.
During the drying phase, the overheated water vapor exchanges its heat with clothes the water vapor of which evaporates at 100°C, then this water is condensed on a condenser to keep the pressure constant inside the circuit and at the same time allow another vapor overheating. This vapor is moved by a fan. This VES
drying phase allows the global energy efficiency to be improved by about 20° (passing from a consumption of 0.7 kWh/kg of dry cotton, typical consumption of the best current tumble-dryers, to less than 0.55 kWh/kg of dry cotton).
The phase of recovering the condensation heat of the water vapor extracted from the clothes allows energy consumption to be reduced by about 40o in comparison with the consumption using only VES. The method according to this invention allows consumption to be reduced to 0.33 kWh/kg of dry cotton.
According to a first alternative embodiment, to recover the condensation heat of the water vapor extracted from the textile mass, - a fraction of the water vapor is sampled at the output of the drying zone, then - said sampled fraction is compressed, in particular through isentropic compression, before entering it into a condenser located at the input of the drying zone.
By means of this method, the condensation inside the condenser of the sampled fraction supplies the heat energy required for overheating the water vapor at the input of the drying zone.
Advantageously, the sampled fraction is compressed at a pressure so that the condensation temperature inside the condenser is comprised within 135°C
and 170°C. Under such conditions, the water vapor at the input of the drying zone is overheated in a temperature range comprised between 130°C and 165°C.
Also advantageously, for this alternative embodiment, the amount of water vapor sampled at the output of the drying zone is controlled by means of a temperature probe located at the input of the drying zone. This temperatuz:e probe operates a regulating valve mounted on the sampling circuit. If the temperature is too low, the regulating valve opens up and the sampling circuit derives a greater amount of water vapor.
Reciprocally, if the temperature is too high, the regulating valve closes down proportionately and the sampling circuit derives a smaller amount of water vapor.
Also advantageously, for this alternative embodiment, the heat energy of the hot water coming out of the condenser is used for heat insulating the drying zone.
According to another alternative embodiment, to recover the condensation heat of the water vapor extracted from the textile mass, a heat pump circuit implementing a phase changing fluid, such as water, is used.
Preferably, for this alternative embodiment, the phase changing fluid is vaporized into a condenser evaporator through which passes the water vapor coming out of said drying zone. A fraction of the water vapor coming out of the drying zone is condensed correlatively on the condenser evaporator.
Also preferably, for this alternative embodiment, the phase changing fluid, in vapor state, is compressed, in particular through isentropic compression, at the output of the condenser evaporator. It is then entered into a condenser located at the input of the drying zone. By means of this method, the condensation inside the condenser of the phase changing fluid supplies the heat energy required for overheating the water vapor at the input of the drying zone.
Advantageously, the phase changing fluid is compressed at a pressure so that the condensation temperature inside the condenser is comprised between 135°C and 170°C. Under these conditions, the water vapor at the input of the drying zone is overheated in a temperature range comprised between 130°C and 165°C.
Also advantageously, the flow rate of the phase changing fluid is controlled in the heat pump circuit by 5 means of a temperature probe, located at the input of the drying zone. This temperature probe operates a regulating valve mounted on the heat pump circuit. If the temperature is too low, the regulating valve opens up and the flow rate inside the heat pump circuit increases. If the temperature is too high, the regulating valve closes down and the flow rate in the heat pump circuit decreases.
The invention also relates to an installation for drying a wet textile mass, in particular applied to a mass of clothes. Said textile mass :is located in a drying zone, in particular in the form of a rotating drum. The installation comprises a supply circuit, supplying the drying zone with overheated water vapor.
The flow of overheated water vapor allows to extract from the textile mass, by evaporation, the moisture contained therein in the form of water vapor. The installation also comprises a circuit for recovering the condensation heat of the water vapor extracted from the textile mass. This recovery circuit is to produce, at least partly, the overheated water vapor. The installation further comprises a circuit for replacing the air contained in the drying zone with overheated water vapor, functioning transitionally during the start-up phase.
According to a first alternative embodiment, the circuit for recovering the condensation heat of the water vapor extracted from the textile mass, comprises:
- a valve allowing to derive a fraction of the water vapor at the output of the drying zone, - a compressor compressing said derived fraction, in particular isentropically, - a condenser located, downstream of the condenser, at the input of the drying zone.
The condensation inside said condenser of said derived fraction supplies the heat energy required for overheating the water vapor at the input of the drying zone.
Advantageously, the compressor compresses the derived fraction at a pressure so that the condensation temperature inside the condenser is comprised between 135°C and 1'70°C. Under these conditions, the water vapor at the input of the drying zone is overheated in a temperature .range comprised between 130°C and 165°C.
Preferably, said valve is a thermostatic regulating valve operated by a temperature probe located at the input of the drying zone. If the temperature is too low, the thermostatic regulating valve opens up and the recovery circuit derives a greater amount of water vapor. Reciprocally, if the temperature is too high, the thermostatic regulating valve closes down and the recovery circuit derives a smaller amount of water vapor.
Advantageously, a heat-insulated circuit, through which passes the hot water coming out of said condenser, at least partly surrounds the drying zone.
According to another alternative embodiment of the drying installation, the recovery circuit for recovering the condensation heat of the water vapor extracted from the textile mass, comprises a heat pump circuit through which passes a phase changing fluid, such as water.
Preferably, for this alternative embodiment, the heat pump circuit further comprises a condenser evaporator through with passes the water vapor coming out of said drying zone. This condenser evaporator vaporizes the phase changing fluid. Correlatively, a fraction of the water vapor coming out of the drying zone condenses in the condenser evaporator.
Also preferably, the heat pump circuit further comprises, upstream of said condenser evaporator, a compressor compressing, in particular isentropically, the phase changing f~uid. This fluid is in vapor state.
It is then entered into a condenser located at the input of the drying zone. The condensation inside the condenser of the phase changing fluid supplies the heat l0 energy required for overheating the water vapor at the input of the drying zone.
Advantageously, for this alternative embodiment, the compressor compresses the phase changing fluid at a pressure so that the condensation temperature inside the condenser is comprised between 135°C and 170°C. Under these conditions, the water vapor at the input of the drying zone is overheated in a temperature range comprised between 130°C and 165°C.
Preferably, the heat pump circuit further comprises a temperature probe located at the input of the drying zone. This temperature probe operates a thermostatic regulating valve mounted on the heat pump circuit. If the temperature is too low, the thermostatic regulating valve opens up and the flow rate inside the heat pump circuit increases. Reciprocally, if the temperature is too high, the thermostatic regulating valve closes down and the flow rate inside the heat pump circuit decreases.
Other features and advantages of the invention will 3o be apparent from reading the description of the alternative embodiments of the invention, given by way of example and not to be restrictive, and of:
- Fig. 1 representing the diagram of a first alternative embodiment of a drying installation;
- Fig. 2 representing a second alternative embodiment.
The teachings of CLODIC FR 96 02895 are integrated herein for reference. Indeed, it describes the mechanical structure of the drying zone and its alternative embodiments. It also describes the transient start-up phase of the installation, in particular how the overheated water vapor is substituted for the air in the drying zone. The installations described with reference to Figures 1 and 2 comprise a circuit allowing the air contained in the drying zone to be purged by the overheated water vapor. For this purpose, the air/water vapor mixture is evacuated via a valve (12, Figure 1 and 29, Figure 2). Thus, the atmospheric air is completely replaced with overheated water vapor and only overheated water vapor. It is checked that the atmospheric air has been completely discharged by controlling the condensation temperature: it is exactly 100°C for a pressure of 1 bar, i.t would inevitably be less in the presence of air.
We are now going to describe Figure 1. The alternative embodiment represented in Figure 1 is based on a general principle called mechanical vapor recompression. The vapor coming out of drum 1 containing the clothes to be dried is driven by fan 2. Typically, for domestic drying, the mass of clothes to be dried is on the order of 5 kg and the mass of water to be extracted is on the order of 3.5 kg. For industrial tumble-dryers to which the invention can also be applied, the mass of clothes can be several hundred kilos, the clothes can either be placed in a drum or circulated continuously. The amount of clothes to be dried does not modify the method that is equally applicable to large-scale installations. Indeed, temperature and pressure variables are intensive variables. The vapor coming out of drum 1 is at a temperature of about 102°C and under pressure of 1 bar.
Part of the vapor coming out of drum 1 passes through a circuit 3. Circuit 3 comprises a compressor 4. This compressor 4 isentropically compresses the vapor sampled at pressures comprised, according to the situation, between 3.1 bars and 7.9 bars. The temperatures corresponding to these pressures are, at the output of compressor 4, comprised between 220°C and 320°C. This vapor condenses inside condenser 6 arranged inside a case 5, located at the input of drum 1. For pressures comprised between 3.1 bars and 7.9 bars, condensation temperatures are between 135°C and 170°C. Case 5 receives, via circuit 7, the additional vapor flow rate moved by fan 2. This additional vapor flow rate is typically at a temperature of 100°C and heats up on the surface of condenser 6 where the pressurized vapor is at a temperature varying between 135°C and 170°C. The vapor enters the drum 1 at. a temperature varying between 130 and 165°C, under pressure of 1 bar.
A regulating valve 8 is located upstream of compressor 4. It allows the flow rate of the sampled vapor to be adjusted. Regulation is performed based on the indications of the temperature probe 9 which measures the vapor temperature, inside case 5 at the input of drum 1. If the temperature is too high, the regulating valve 8 reduces the flow rate. If the temperature is too low, the regulating 'valve 8 opens up.
The flow rate of vapor sampled and passing through circuit 3 corresponds exactly to the water vapor extracted from the clothes. At the output of condenser 6, the condensed water is at a temperature varying between 135°C and 170°C under pressure varying between 3.1 bars and 7.9 bars. A relief valve 10 allows to expand the condensate up to atmospheric pressure before discharging it to the outside 11. For some alternative embodiments, this high temperature water can be used for heat-insulating drum 1.
We are now going to describe Figure 2 which represents another alternative embodiment. Certain members described with reference to Figure l, in particular drum 1 containing the wet clothes to be dried 5 (about 5 kg of clothes and 3.5 kg of water), fan 2, circuit 7 recycling the vapor coming out of drum 1 at the input thereof (inside case 5), can be seen. They have the same reference numerals.
For this alternative embodiment, the water vapor l0 extracted from the wet clothes is no longer derived into a circuit 3. For condensing the amount of water extracted from the clothes and recovering condensation heat, a heat pump circuit 20 is used, through which passes a phase changing fluid. In the case described, is this phase changing fluid is water. As will be apparent, the condensation heat is extracted by evaporation of the phase changing fluid.
The phase changing fluid is compressed by a compressor 21. At the output of compressor 21, according to the situation, pressure varies between 3.1 bars and 7.9 bars. Compression is of the isentropic type. The temperature at the output of compressor 21 varies, according to the situation, between 220°C and 320°C. The phase changing fluid (water vapor) flowing inside the heat pump circuit 20 is then condensed in a condenser 22 located inside case 5. For pressures comprised between 3.1 bars and 7.9 bars, the water vapor condensation temperatures are between 135°C and 170°C. The condensed water thus comes out of compressor 22 at temperatures comprised between 135°C and 170°C under pressures comprised between 3.1 bars and 7.9 bars. The condensed water is then expanded in a relief valve 23. At the output of relief valve 23, a diphasic water/water vapor mixture is obtained, at a temperature of 98°C under pressure of 0.94 bar. The diphasic mixture enters inside the condenser evaporator 24 contained in a case 25. In the condenser evaporator 24, the diphasic mixture is vaporized at constant temperature and pressure. Indeed, case 25 receives the water vapor coming out of drum l, via circuit 7. And yet, the vapor temperature at the output of drum 1 is typically on the order of 102°C. The temperature difference is sufficient for totally vaporizing the diphasic mixture.
Only part of the vapor flowing in circuit 7 condenses 26 inside case 25, when passing over the surface of the condenser evaporator 24. Thus, the condensation heat of the water extracaed from the wet clothes is recovered. The non condensed part has a temperature near 100°C. It enters the overheating case 5 containing condenser 22. It is recalled that the phase changing fluid passes through condenser 22 at a temperature comprised, according to the situation, between 135°C and 170°C. The temperature of the overheated water vapor is thus brought to between 130°C
and 165°C after passing through condenser 22, before entering drum 1.
Adjusting the condensation temperature is done by regulating the regulating valve 27 which lets through more or less vapor according to the indications of the temperature probe 28 placed inside case 5 at the input of drum 1. As described before, if the temperature of the overheated vapor is too low after passing through condenser 22, then valve 27 lets pass more vapor into the heat pump circuit 20, and reciprocally if the temperature is too high.
We are now going to describe Figure 1. The alternative embodiment represented in Figure 1 is based on a general principle called mechanical vapor recompression. The vapor coming out of drum 1 containing the clothes to be dried is driven by fan 2. Typically, for domestic drying, the mass of clothes to be dried is on the order of 5 kg and the mass of water to be extracted is on the order of 3.5 kg. For industrial tumble-dryers to which the invention can also be applied, the mass of clothes can be several hundred kilos, the clothes can either be placed in a drum or circulated continuously. The amount of clothes to be dried does not modify the method that is equally applicable to large-scale installations. Indeed, temperature and pressure variables are intensive variables. The vapor coming out of drum 1 is at a temperature of about 102°C and under pressure of 1 bar.
Part of the vapor coming out of drum 1 passes through a circuit 3. Circuit 3 comprises a compressor 4. This compressor 4 isentropically compresses the vapor sampled at pressures comprised, according to the situation, between 3.1 bars and 7.9 bars. The temperatures corresponding to these pressures are, at the output of compressor 4, comprised between 220°C and 320°C. This vapor condenses inside condenser 6 arranged inside a case 5, located at the input of drum 1. For pressures comprised between 3.1 bars and 7.9 bars, condensation temperatures are between 135°C and 170°C. Case 5 receives, via circuit 7, the additional vapor flow rate moved by fan 2. This additional vapor flow rate is typically at a temperature of 100°C and heats up on the surface of condenser 6 where the pressurized vapor is at a temperature varying between 135°C and 170°C. The vapor enters the drum 1 at. a temperature varying between 130 and 165°C, under pressure of 1 bar.
A regulating valve 8 is located upstream of compressor 4. It allows the flow rate of the sampled vapor to be adjusted. Regulation is performed based on the indications of the temperature probe 9 which measures the vapor temperature, inside case 5 at the input of drum 1. If the temperature is too high, the regulating valve 8 reduces the flow rate. If the temperature is too low, the regulating 'valve 8 opens up.
The flow rate of vapor sampled and passing through circuit 3 corresponds exactly to the water vapor extracted from the clothes. At the output of condenser 6, the condensed water is at a temperature varying between 135°C and 170°C under pressure varying between 3.1 bars and 7.9 bars. A relief valve 10 allows to expand the condensate up to atmospheric pressure before discharging it to the outside 11. For some alternative embodiments, this high temperature water can be used for heat-insulating drum 1.
We are now going to describe Figure 2 which represents another alternative embodiment. Certain members described with reference to Figure l, in particular drum 1 containing the wet clothes to be dried 5 (about 5 kg of clothes and 3.5 kg of water), fan 2, circuit 7 recycling the vapor coming out of drum 1 at the input thereof (inside case 5), can be seen. They have the same reference numerals.
For this alternative embodiment, the water vapor l0 extracted from the wet clothes is no longer derived into a circuit 3. For condensing the amount of water extracted from the clothes and recovering condensation heat, a heat pump circuit 20 is used, through which passes a phase changing fluid. In the case described, is this phase changing fluid is water. As will be apparent, the condensation heat is extracted by evaporation of the phase changing fluid.
The phase changing fluid is compressed by a compressor 21. At the output of compressor 21, according to the situation, pressure varies between 3.1 bars and 7.9 bars. Compression is of the isentropic type. The temperature at the output of compressor 21 varies, according to the situation, between 220°C and 320°C. The phase changing fluid (water vapor) flowing inside the heat pump circuit 20 is then condensed in a condenser 22 located inside case 5. For pressures comprised between 3.1 bars and 7.9 bars, the water vapor condensation temperatures are between 135°C and 170°C. The condensed water thus comes out of compressor 22 at temperatures comprised between 135°C and 170°C under pressures comprised between 3.1 bars and 7.9 bars. The condensed water is then expanded in a relief valve 23. At the output of relief valve 23, a diphasic water/water vapor mixture is obtained, at a temperature of 98°C under pressure of 0.94 bar. The diphasic mixture enters inside the condenser evaporator 24 contained in a case 25. In the condenser evaporator 24, the diphasic mixture is vaporized at constant temperature and pressure. Indeed, case 25 receives the water vapor coming out of drum l, via circuit 7. And yet, the vapor temperature at the output of drum 1 is typically on the order of 102°C. The temperature difference is sufficient for totally vaporizing the diphasic mixture.
Only part of the vapor flowing in circuit 7 condenses 26 inside case 25, when passing over the surface of the condenser evaporator 24. Thus, the condensation heat of the water extracaed from the wet clothes is recovered. The non condensed part has a temperature near 100°C. It enters the overheating case 5 containing condenser 22. It is recalled that the phase changing fluid passes through condenser 22 at a temperature comprised, according to the situation, between 135°C and 170°C. The temperature of the overheated water vapor is thus brought to between 130°C
and 165°C after passing through condenser 22, before entering drum 1.
Adjusting the condensation temperature is done by regulating the regulating valve 27 which lets through more or less vapor according to the indications of the temperature probe 28 placed inside case 5 at the input of drum 1. As described before, if the temperature of the overheated vapor is too low after passing through condenser 22, then valve 27 lets pass more vapor into the heat pump circuit 20, and reciprocally if the temperature is too high.
Claims (20)
1. A method for drying a wet textile mass, in particular applied to a mass of clothes, located in a drying zone (1), said method comprising the steps of:
- passing (2, 7) overheated water vapor through the textile mass located in said drying zone (1) so as to extract, by evaporation, from the textile mass the moisture contained therein in the form of water vapor, - recovering the condensation heat of the water vapor extracted from the textile mass to produce, at least partly, said overheated water vapor;
said method comprising at start-up:
- a transient phase of replacing the air with overheated water vapor in the drying zone.
- passing (2, 7) overheated water vapor through the textile mass located in said drying zone (1) so as to extract, by evaporation, from the textile mass the moisture contained therein in the form of water vapor, - recovering the condensation heat of the water vapor extracted from the textile mass to produce, at least partly, said overheated water vapor;
said method comprising at start-up:
- a transient phase of replacing the air with overheated water vapor in the drying zone.
2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that in order to recover the condensation heat of the water vapor extracted from the textile mass, - a fraction of the water vapor is sampled (3) at the output of the drying zone (1), - said sampled fraction is compressed (4), in particular through isentropic compression, before it is entered in a condenser (6) located at the input of the drying zone (1), so that the condensation in said condenser (6) of said sampled fraction supplies the heat energy required for overheating the water vapor at the input of the drying zone.
3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that - the sampled fraction is compressed (4) at a pressure so that the condensation temperature inside the condenser is comprised between 135°C and 170°C, so that the water vapor at the input of the drying zone is overheated in a temperature range comprised between 130°C and 165°C.
4. The method according to any of claims 2 or 3, characterized in that - the amount of water vapor sampled at the output of the drying zone is controlled by means of temperature probe (9), located at the input of the drying zone, operating a regulating valve (8) mounted on a sampling circuit (3), so that if the temperature is too low, the regulating valve opens up and the sampling circuit derives a greater amount of water vapor, and reciprocally if the temperature is too high.
5. The method according to any of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that - the heat energy of the hot water coming out of said condenser (6) is used for heat-insulating the drying zone.
6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that in order to recover the condensation heat of the water vapor extracted from the textile mass, - a heat pump circuit (20) is used implementing a phase changing fluid, such as water.
7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that - the phase changing fluid is vaporized in a condenser evaporator (24) through which passes the water vapor coming out of said drying zone (1), so that a fraction of the water vapor coming out of the drying zone condenses.
8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that - the phase changing fluid in vapor state at the output of said condenser evaporator (24) is compressed (21), in particular through isentropic compression, before it is entered in a condenser (22) located at the input of the drying zone (1), so that the condensation in said condenser (22) of said phase changing fluid supplies the heat energy required for overheating the water vapor at the input of the drying zone.
9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that - the phase changing fluid is compressed (21) at a pressure so that the condensation temperature in the condenser (22) is comprised between 135°C and 170°C, so that the water vapor at the input of the drying zone is overheated in a temperature range comprised between 130°C and 165°C.
10. The method according to any of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that - the flow rate of the phase changing fluid in the heat pump circuit is controlled by means of a temperature probe (28), located at the input of the drying zone (1), operating a regulating valve (27) mounted on the heat pump circuit (20), so that if the temperature is too low, the regulating valve opens up and the flow rate in the heat pump circuit increases, and reciprocally if the temperature is too high.
11. An installation for drying a wet textile mass, in particular applied to a mass of clothes; said textile mass being located in a drying zone (1);
said installation comprising:
- a supply circuit (3, 7) supplying overheated water vapor to the drying zone, so as to extract from the textile mass, by evaporation, the moisture contained therein in the form of water vapor, - a circuit (3, 6, 20) for recovering the condensation heat of the water vapor extracted from the textile mass; said recovery circuit being designed to produce, at least partly, said overheated water vapor;
said installation further comprising:
- a circuit for replacing the air contained in the drying zone with the overheated water vapor, transitionally operating during the start-up phase.
said installation comprising:
- a supply circuit (3, 7) supplying overheated water vapor to the drying zone, so as to extract from the textile mass, by evaporation, the moisture contained therein in the form of water vapor, - a circuit (3, 6, 20) for recovering the condensation heat of the water vapor extracted from the textile mass; said recovery circuit being designed to produce, at least partly, said overheated water vapor;
said installation further comprising:
- a circuit for replacing the air contained in the drying zone with the overheated water vapor, transitionally operating during the start-up phase.
12. The drying installation according to claim 11, characterized in that the recovery circuit (3), designed to recover the condensation heat of the water vapor extracted from the textile mass, comprises - a valve (8) allowing to derive a fraction of the water vapor at the output of the drying zone (1), - a compressor (4) compressing, in particular isentropically, said derived fraction, - a condenser (6) located downstream of the compressor (4), at the input of the drying zone (1), so that the condensation in said condenser (6) of said derived fraction supplies the heat energy required for overheating the water vapor at the input of the drying zone (1).
13. The drying installation according to claim 12, characterized in that - said compressor (4) compresses the derived fraction at a pressure so that the condensation temperature in the condenser is comprised between 135°C
and 170°C, so that the water vapor at the input of the drying zone is overheated in a temperature range comprised between 130°C and 165°C.
and 170°C, so that the water vapor at the input of the drying zone is overheated in a temperature range comprised between 130°C and 165°C.
14. The drying installation according to any of claims 12 or 13, characterized in that:
- said valve (8) is a thermostatic regulating valve operated by a temperature probe (9) located at the input of the drying zone (1), so that if the temperature is too low, the thermostatic regulating valve opens up and the recovery circuit derives a greater amount of water vapor, and reciprocally if the temperature is too high.
- said valve (8) is a thermostatic regulating valve operated by a temperature probe (9) located at the input of the drying zone (1), so that if the temperature is too low, the thermostatic regulating valve opens up and the recovery circuit derives a greater amount of water vapor, and reciprocally if the temperature is too high.
15. The drying installation according to any of claims 12 to 14, characterized in that - a heat-insulating circuit, through which passes the hot water coming out of said condenser, at least partly surrounds the drying zone (1).
16. The drying installation according to claim 11, characterized in that the recovery circuit, designed to recover the condensation heat of the water vapor extracted from the textile mass, comprises - a heat pump circuit (20) through which passes a phase changing fluid, such as water.
17. The drying installation according to claim 16, characterized in that the heat pump circuit further comprises - a condenser evaporator (24) through which passes the water vapor coming out of said drying zone (1) and vaporizing the phase changing fluid, so that a fraction of the water vapor coming out of the drying zone condenses in the condenser evaporator (24).
18. The drying installation according to claim 17, characterized in that the heat pump circuit (20) further comprises, downstream of said condenser evaporator, - a compressor (21) compressing, in particular isentropically, the phase changing fluid in vapor state, before it is entered in a condenser (22) located at the input of the drying zone (1), so that the condensation in said condenser, of said phase changing fluid, provides the heat energy required for overheating the water vapor at the input of the drying zone (1).
19. The drying installation according to claim 18, characterized in that - said compressor compresses the phase changing fluid at a pressure so that the condensation temperature in the condenser (22) is comprised between 135°C and 170°C, so that the water vapor at the input of the drying zone (1) is overheated in a temperature range comprised between 130°C and 165°C.
20. The drying installation according to any of claims 16 to 19, characterized in that the heat pump circuit (20) further comprises, - a temperature probe (28), located at the input of the drying zone, operating a thermostatic regulating valve (27) mounted on the heat pump circuit (20), so that if the temperature is too low, the thermostatic regulating valve (27) opens up and the flow rate in the heat pump circuit (20) increases, and reciprocally if the temperature is too high.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR98/13902 | 1998-11-02 | ||
| FR9813902A FR2785372B1 (en) | 1998-11-02 | 1998-11-02 | METHOD AND INSTALLATION FOR DRYING A MASS OF FIBROUS MATERIAL |
| PCT/FR1999/002674 WO2000026595A1 (en) | 1998-11-02 | 1999-11-02 | Method and installation for drying a textile mass |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2346138A1 true CA2346138A1 (en) | 2000-05-11 |
Family
ID=9532377
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002346138A Abandoned CA2346138A1 (en) | 1998-11-02 | 1999-11-02 | Method and installation for drying a textile mass |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1129320A1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2346138A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2785372B1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2000026595A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2010094913A3 (en) * | 2009-02-17 | 2010-12-29 | Dickinson Legg Limited | Drying apparatus with energy recuperation |
| GB2519321B (en) * | 2013-10-16 | 2019-09-04 | Spirax Sarco Ltd | Drying apparatus and method of drying material |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SE521337C2 (en) * | 1999-08-09 | 2003-10-21 | Electrolux Ab | Textile washing machine with steam drying |
| FR2834051B1 (en) | 2001-12-21 | 2004-03-26 | Armines Ass Pour La Rech Et Le | METHOD AND INSTALLATION FOR DRYING A MASS OF FIBROUS MATERIAL BY MECHANICAL COMPRESSION OF VERY WET AIR |
| US20130047456A1 (en) * | 2009-10-01 | 2013-02-28 | Onder Balioglu | Heat pump laundry dryer machine |
| CN102505435B (en) * | 2011-11-04 | 2013-05-15 | 南京航空航天大学 | Device and method for drying clothes at low temperature through mechanical vapor recompression (MVR) |
| US9140396B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2015-09-22 | Water-Gen Ltd. | Dehumidification apparatus |
| US10151060B2 (en) | 2015-11-24 | 2018-12-11 | Water-Gen Ltd | Steam compression dryer |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE360601C (en) * | 1922-10-05 | Waermetechnische Ges M B H | Method of drying with superheated steam | |
| CH229249A (en) * | 1942-11-16 | 1943-10-15 | Oerlikon Maschf | Drying system with heat recovery. |
| FR987173A (en) * | 1948-05-28 | 1951-08-09 | Power Jets Res & Dev Ltd | Improvements to processes and apparatus for drying material or similar evaporations |
| GB1558913A (en) * | 1977-03-31 | 1980-01-09 | Electricity Council | Drying of wet material |
| DE2936769C2 (en) * | 1979-09-12 | 1982-12-02 | Hans F. 7120 Bietigheim-Bissingen Arendt | Drying machine |
| DE3003718C2 (en) * | 1980-02-01 | 1984-04-12 | Ingersoll-Rand Co., 07675 Woodcliff Lake, N.J. | Process for drying paper webs or cellulose webs by means of steam |
| SE8100042L (en) * | 1981-01-07 | 1982-07-08 | Technoscript Ab | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR DRYING MATERIALS IN A DRYER |
| US4471537A (en) * | 1982-01-18 | 1984-09-18 | Indesit Industria Elettrodomestici Italiana S.P.A. | Dryer apparatus having an improved air circulation |
| US4603489A (en) * | 1984-10-05 | 1986-08-05 | Michael Goldberg | Heat pump closed loop drying |
| WO1989004392A1 (en) * | 1987-11-12 | 1989-05-18 | Thomas John Stubbing | Method and apparatus for energy efficient drying |
| FR2745896B1 (en) * | 1996-03-07 | 1998-04-24 | Armines | METHOD AND INSTALLATION FOR DRYING A MASS OF WET FIBROUS MATERIAL, IN PARTICULAR A LAUNDRY MASS |
-
1998
- 1998-11-02 FR FR9813902A patent/FR2785372B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1999
- 1999-11-02 WO PCT/FR1999/002674 patent/WO2000026595A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-11-02 CA CA002346138A patent/CA2346138A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-11-02 EP EP99954040A patent/EP1129320A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2010094913A3 (en) * | 2009-02-17 | 2010-12-29 | Dickinson Legg Limited | Drying apparatus with energy recuperation |
| CN102395851A (en) * | 2009-02-17 | 2012-03-28 | 迪更生莱格公司 | Drying apparatus |
| CN102395851B (en) * | 2009-02-17 | 2014-07-30 | 迪更生莱格公司 | Drying apparatus and method of drying fiber material |
| GB2519321B (en) * | 2013-10-16 | 2019-09-04 | Spirax Sarco Ltd | Drying apparatus and method of drying material |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2000026595A1 (en) | 2000-05-11 |
| FR2785372B1 (en) | 2001-01-26 |
| FR2785372A1 (en) | 2000-05-05 |
| EP1129320A1 (en) | 2001-09-05 |
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