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CA2164284A1 - Process for bleaching alkyl polyglycosides - Google Patents

Process for bleaching alkyl polyglycosides

Info

Publication number
CA2164284A1
CA2164284A1 CA002164284A CA2164284A CA2164284A1 CA 2164284 A1 CA2164284 A1 CA 2164284A1 CA 002164284 A CA002164284 A CA 002164284A CA 2164284 A CA2164284 A CA 2164284A CA 2164284 A1 CA2164284 A1 CA 2164284A1
Authority
CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
process according
bleaching
alkyl
thorough mixing
heating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
CA002164284A
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Jurgen Grutzke
Stefan Schmidt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Huels AG
Original Assignee
Huels AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Huels AG filed Critical Huels AG
Publication of CA2164284A1 publication Critical patent/CA2164284A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K23/00Use of substances as emulsifying, wetting, dispersing, or foam-producing agents
    • C09K23/56Glucosides; Mucilage; Saponins
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07HSUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
    • C07H15/00Compounds containing hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals directly attached to hetero atoms of saccharide radicals
    • C07H15/02Acyclic radicals, not substituted by cyclic structures
    • C07H15/04Acyclic radicals, not substituted by cyclic structures attached to an oxygen atom of the saccharide radical
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07HSUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
    • C07H1/00Processes for the preparation of sugar derivatives
    • C07H1/06Separation; Purification
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K23/00Use of substances as emulsifying, wetting, dispersing, or foam-producing agents

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Saccharide Compounds (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

Disclosed is a process for bleaching low-moisture and low-fatty-alcohol alkyl polyglycosides using solid oxidiz-ing agents with thorough mixing for example in a kneader or in an extruder at temperatures of 80 to 160C. By employing the solid oxidizing agent, water is not needed. Therefore the bleaching can be conducted at temperatures over 100C.
In addition, the use of bases is eliminated.

Description

21 642~4 _ O.Z 4901 Process for Bleaching Alkyl Polyglycosides The invention relates to a process for bleaching low-moisture and low-fatty-alcohol alkyl polyglycosides using solid oxidizing agents with thorough mixing at temperatures in the range from 80 to 160C. The thorough mixing is performed, e.g.
in a kneader or in an extruder.
Alkyl polyglycosides are prepared from natural raw materials and are nontoxic and readily degradable surface-active materials. They are therefore used as detergents, cleaning agents, emulsifiers and dispersants. However, they only have the desired interfacial properties when the alkyl groups have at least 8 carbon atoms. The alkyl polyglycosides for the purposes of this invention have with the formula:
R' - C ~ Zn' in which R' represents an unbranched or branched, saturated or unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having 8 to 18 carbon atoms or mixtures thereof and Zn represents a poly-glycosyl radical having a polymerization degree n of 1.1 to 3 of hexose or pentose units or mixtures thereof.
Preference is given to alkyl polyglycosides having alkyl radicals having 12 to 16 carbon atoms and a polyglycosyl radical having a polymerization degree n of 1.1 to 2.
Particular preference is given tc alkyl polyglycosides having a polyglycosyl radical in which n is 1.1 to 1.5 and very particularly preferably n is 1.2 to 1.4. The preferred glycosyl radical is a glucosyl radical. Alkyl polyglycosides having long-chain alkyl groups are generally prepared by single- or multi-stage syntheses. A single-stage preparation process id described inter alia in DE-A-41 01 252.
A two-stage preparation process is described, for example in EP-A-0 306 652, according to which an n-butyl glycoside is first prepared by glycosidation with n-butanol and thereupon the desired long-chain alkyl polyglycoside is prepared by transglycosidation with a long-chain alcohol.
When the reaction is complete, the alkyl polyglyco-sides are present dissolved in long-chain alcohols. These alcohols must then be separated off if it is desired to obtain products completely soluble in water.
In the case of relatively high aesthetic requirements, alkyl polyglycosides are products which must be sub~ected to a bleaching reaction in order to obtain sufficiently light-colcured products. This bleaching is generally carried out using hydrogen peroxide with aqueous alkyl polyglycoside solutions. A disadvantage in this process is the poor space-time yields, especially if, for complete decomposition of the residual peroxide, the aqueous alkyl polyglycoside solutions must still be kept at elevated temperature for a relatively long time. The product can be damaged by this, and dark colours and decomposition products, some of which have an unpleasant odour, occur. Moreover, there is the risk of foam development which can no longer be controlled.
Wo 91/19723 describes a route for alkyl polyglycoside bleaching, where the material which is virtually free of fatty alcohol and water is kneaded at temperatures of 50 to 150C with aqueous hydrogen peroxide and a base, e.g. sodium hydroxide solution. The above-described disadvantages of the alkyl ..
polyglycoside bleaching in aqueous solution no longer occur in this bleaching method. It is a disadvantage that the bleaching is not possible in this manner at temperatures significantly above 100C. However, often low-fatty-alcohol and low-moisture products can be kneaded only at temperatures above 100C.
Difficulties can further arise in the addition of sodium hydroxide solution. A certain acidification effect during the bleaching reaction must be compensated for by the addition of base. Controlled addition of the sodium hydroxide solution would only be effected at great expense, because the pH cannot be measured directly in the melt. Addition by hand always introduces the risk of overdosing or underdosing, as a result of which the bleaching result would rapidly worsen.
A major object according to the present invention is therefore to find a process which permits the oxidizing bleach-ing in a melt without the problems described above with the addition ¢f hydrogen peroxide and sodium hydroxide solution.
It has now been found that very good bleaching results can be achieved even at temperatures above 100C if solid bleaching agents such as sodium percarbonate or sodium perbGrate are used, instead of the aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution.
The present invention therefore provides a process for bleaching low-moisture and low-fatty-alcohol alkyl poly-glycosides, which is characterized in that solid oxidizing agents are added and the bleaching is carried out at tempera-tures of 80 to 160C with thorough mixing.

According to the process of the present invention, preferably temperatures of 90 to 150C are employed, and very particularly preferably, temperatures of 100 to 140C. The alkyl polyglycoside (APG) used is preferably the alkyl poly-glucoside.
The substances can be incorporated withcut difficulty into viscose APG (temperature 80-160C) using, e.g.
extruders or kneading machines, so that homogeneous products result. An addition of alkali during bleaching is superfluous, since when these bleaching agents are used there is no pH
decrease. The products obtained are very light in colour and are markedly low in odour. Addition of small amounts of water before bleaching can further improve the result. The content of water can be 0 to 10% by weight, but it is preferably between 0 and 5%. The fatty alcohol content in the alkyl polyglycoside subjected to bleaching is 0 to 10% by weight, preferably 0 to 5%, values of 0 to 2.5% being very particularly preferred. The fatty alcohol is typically a fatty alcohol having 8 to 18 carbon atoms.
For better understanding the present invention, an example is described hereinunder. However, it should never be considered that the present invention is limited to the example.
Example Solid APG containing about 15% fatty alcohol and about 4.5% water is molten in 500 g portions at a temperature of 95C. A solution of 50% of this APG in demineralized water has aniodine colour number of 52 and a pH value of 7.2.

.
An extruder with a capacity of 600 milliliters, as being used for test extrusion purposes of plastic material, is heated to 95C. The APG melt is filled in in 100 g portions.
On 100 g of molten APG a 1,5 g portion of solid sodium perborate is added. The extrusion speed is regulated to about 2.5 kg an hour. The mixture is extruded on a running belt for cooling down, so that a line of solid APG with a crGsscut of 8 milli-meters in diameter is resulting.
The solid APG is collected and dissolved in warm demineralized water, using a water APG weight ratio of 1:1.
The resulting APG solution is nearly odourless and has an iodine colour number of 2.3. The measured pH value of the solution is 7.7.

Claims (9)

1. A process for bleaching an alkyl polyglycoside of the formula:
R' - O - Zn (wherein R' is an unbranched or branched saturated or unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having 8 to 18 carbon atoms, and Zn is a polyglycosyl radical having a polymerization degree n of 1.1 to 3 of hexose or pentose units), which comprises:
adding a solid oxidizing agent to the alkyl poly-glycoside having a water content of 0 to 10% by weight and a fatty alcohol content of 0 to 10% by weight, and heating the resulting mixture at 80 to 160°C with thorough mixing.
2. A process according to claim 1, wherein the solid oxidizing agent is sodium percarbonate.
3. A process according to claim 1, wherein the solid oxidizing agent is sodium perborate.
4. A process according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the heating is carried out at a temperature of 90 to 150°C.
5. A process according to claim 4, wherein the heating is carried out at a temperature of 100 to 140°C.
6. A process according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein up to 5% of water is added to the alkyl polyglycoside before the heating step.
7. A process according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the alkyl polyglycoside is an alkyl polyglucoside.
8. A process according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the thorough mixing is performed in a kneader.
9. A process according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the thorough mixing is performed in an extruder.
CA002164284A 1994-12-03 1995-12-01 Process for bleaching alkyl polyglycosides Abandoned CA2164284A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4443084A DE4443084A1 (en) 1994-12-03 1994-12-03 Process for bleaching alkyl polyglycosides
DEP4443084.1 1994-12-03

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA2164284A1 true CA2164284A1 (en) 1996-06-04

Family

ID=6534844

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CA002164284A Abandoned CA2164284A1 (en) 1994-12-03 1995-12-01 Process for bleaching alkyl polyglycosides

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0719784A3 (en)
JP (1) JPH08231578A (en)
KR (1) KR960022550A (en)
CN (1) CN1130190A (en)
CA (1) CA2164284A1 (en)
DE (1) DE4443084A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20180222934A1 (en) * 2017-02-06 2018-08-09 Logos Technologies, Llc Decolorization of concentrated rhamnolipid composition

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3839318A (en) * 1970-09-27 1974-10-01 Rohm & Haas Process for preparation of alkyl glucosides and alkyl oligosaccharides
DE3232791A1 (en) * 1982-09-03 1984-03-08 Basf Ag, 6700 Ludwigshafen METHOD FOR PRODUCING ALKYL GLUCOSIDES
US4959468A (en) * 1987-06-12 1990-09-25 Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien Color stabilization method for glycoside products
DE3729844A1 (en) 1987-09-05 1989-03-23 Huels Chemische Werke Ag METHOD FOR PRODUCING ALKYLOLIGOGLYCOSIDES
DE3804599A1 (en) * 1988-02-13 1989-08-24 Basf Ag METHOD FOR PURIFYING LONG CHAIN ALKYL GLUCOSIDES
DE4019175A1 (en) 1990-06-15 1992-01-02 Henkel Kgaa METHOD FOR BRIGHTENING DISCOLORED SURFACE ACTIVE ALKYL GLYCOSIDES AND TREATMENT OF THE BLEACHED GOODS
DE4101252A1 (en) 1991-01-17 1992-07-23 Huels Chemische Werke Ag METHOD FOR PRODUCING ALKYLGLYCOSIDES AND ALKYLPOLYGLYCOSIDES

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20180222934A1 (en) * 2017-02-06 2018-08-09 Logos Technologies, Llc Decolorization of concentrated rhamnolipid composition
US10829507B2 (en) * 2017-02-06 2020-11-10 Stepan Company Decolorization of concentrated rhamnolipid composition

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0719784A3 (en) 1996-09-11
EP0719784A2 (en) 1996-07-03
JPH08231578A (en) 1996-09-10
DE4443084A1 (en) 1996-06-05
CN1130190A (en) 1996-09-04
KR960022550A (en) 1996-07-18

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Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
FZDE Discontinued