CA2090725A1 - Central disc made of fibre-reinforced plastic for circular-saw blades and/or abrasive cutters - Google Patents
Central disc made of fibre-reinforced plastic for circular-saw blades and/or abrasive cuttersInfo
- Publication number
- CA2090725A1 CA2090725A1 CA002090725A CA2090725A CA2090725A1 CA 2090725 A1 CA2090725 A1 CA 2090725A1 CA 002090725 A CA002090725 A CA 002090725A CA 2090725 A CA2090725 A CA 2090725A CA 2090725 A1 CA2090725 A1 CA 2090725A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- stock blade
- blade according
- disc body
- fibres
- plastics material
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 229920002430 Fibre-reinforced plastic Polymers 0.000 title description 2
- 239000011151 fibre-reinforced plastic Substances 0.000 title 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000109 continuous material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000606643 Anaplasma centrale Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000950314 Figura Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011464 Pachycereus pringlei Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000006939 Pachycereus weberi Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011466 Pachycereus weberi Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001296096 Probles Species 0.000 description 1
- 101100153534 Schizosaccharomyces pombe (strain 972 / ATCC 24843) tnr3 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004848 polyfunctional curative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002990 reinforced plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23D—PLANING; SLOTTING; SHEARING; BROACHING; SAWING; FILING; SCRAPING; LIKE OPERATIONS FOR WORKING METAL BY REMOVING MATERIAL, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23D61/00—Tools for sawing machines or sawing devices; Clamping devices for these tools
- B23D61/02—Circular saw blades
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23D—PLANING; SLOTTING; SHEARING; BROACHING; SAWING; FILING; SCRAPING; LIKE OPERATIONS FOR WORKING METAL BY REMOVING MATERIAL, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23D59/00—Accessories specially designed for sawing machines or sawing devices
- B23D59/02—Devices for lubricating or cooling circular saw blades
- B23D59/025—Devices for lubricating or cooling circular saw blades the lubricating or cooling medium being applied through the mounting means of the tool, e.g. the tool spindle or hub
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23D—PLANING; SLOTTING; SHEARING; BROACHING; SAWING; FILING; SCRAPING; LIKE OPERATIONS FOR WORKING METAL BY REMOVING MATERIAL, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23D61/00—Tools for sawing machines or sawing devices; Clamping devices for these tools
- B23D61/02—Circular saw blades
- B23D61/025—Details of saw blade body
- B23D61/026—Composite body, e.g. laminated
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23D—PLANING; SLOTTING; SHEARING; BROACHING; SAWING; FILING; SCRAPING; LIKE OPERATIONS FOR WORKING METAL BY REMOVING MATERIAL, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23D65/00—Making tools for sawing machines or sawing devices for use in cutting any kind of material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D18/00—Manufacture of grinding tools or other grinding devices, e.g. wheels, not otherwise provided for
- B24D18/0081—Manufacture of grinding tools or other grinding devices, e.g. wheels, not otherwise provided for of wire-reinforced grinding tools
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28D—WORKING STONE OR STONE-LIKE MATERIALS
- B28D1/00—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor
- B28D1/02—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor by sawing
- B28D1/12—Saw-blades or saw-discs specially adapted for working stone
- B28D1/121—Circular saw blades
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
- Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention concerns a central disc (1) for circular-saw blades and/or abrasive cutters, the central disc having a circular body (2) made at least partly of a plastic material (6) reinforced with fibres (4). The fibres (4) are oriented in an at least approximately radial direction with respect to the circular shape of the disc body (2), and are embedded, uniformly distributed round the circumference of the disc body (2), in the plastic material (6) of which the body is made.
Description
~ ~'' 2 ~09~72~
TITLE
CENTRAL DISC MADE OF FIB~E-REIMFORC~D P~ASTIC FOR ~ -CIRCULAR-SAW B~ADES AND/OR ABRASIVE CUTTERS
The present invention relates to a stock biade for circular saw blades and/or abrasive cutting discs, comprising a circular disc body ' ~nlch consists at least partially of a ibre-reinforced plastics material.
'',:-The invention further relates to a methodand apparat'us for producing the stock blade.
Stock ~lades of this type are'used in particular for circular saw blades and/or abrasive _utting discs provided for ~orking stone,~ ' '-,~ `, peripneral, in mo3t cases, diamond-tipped cutting e,omponents (cuttiny segments) being secured on the ~;~ , ,;
outer periphery of the stock bl~de. For given applications very large stock blades having~a blade diameter of up to 5.00 m are required. In ordsr that the weight of the stock blade is Dot too great with large blade diameters of this type, attempts have already been made to manufacture the ., disc bodies from plastics material, in particular '~'~",''' a glass-fibre reinforced plastics material, or some other composite. However, considerable problems were encount,~red in this respect to the o effect that plastics ma~erial stock blades o this type are unstabie or labile and become distorted in operation when acted upon by forces resulting -, rom ro~ation and as a result oi heating-up owing to material stress~s. This leads to poor operating prop~rtie~ and even to poor quality machining when ' ths saw blades are in use. In extreme cases ths distortions occurring might even result in the, blade~being destroyed and/or the respective workpiece being damaged. Hitherto these proble~s could not be resolved satisfactorily such that plastics material saw blad,eslcould not yet ~e`used for all applications.
The present invention is therefore bas0d ;~
on the oDject o~ eliminating the'problems described above and providing a stock blade of the ,~
lr~ ally mentioned ~type which ensures optimum ;
,operating properties and machining results in practically aIl operating conditions, and which ',~
also has a long useful life.
:::
Furthermore, a method and apparatus for producing the stock blade according to the ~ invention are also to be provided.
; In a'ccordance with the invention this ob ject lS achie~ied by the features of claims 1, 28 .. ~:.. ,. ,, ,,.. , , :. ~
~.`, 2~725 and 39. Advantageous urther developments o the -, invention are contained in the respective subclaims dapendent on the latter. ,-- "
The stock blade according to the inveDtion is tnus characterized in that the fibres ~ ~ ;
are embedded in the plastic,s material so as to be oriented at least approximately rad,ially ~
relative to the circular shape of the disc body -and uniormly distributed over the periphery of the disc body. As a result of this advantageous .~ .
arrangement, the stoc~ blade~according to the ,~
invention has the same mechanical properties in every radlal directionj so that it can practically be said to be "radially isotropic". The stock ,. ...
blade is cnaracterized by optimum operating pro erties in almost all operating conditiono, low weight and a long service lie (durability). Thus, i~
: ~ ,.,, : ~ ~. .
in addition to the substantially radial fibres, ~urther i'ores could also be disposed in principle -, -~such that they run in the perlpheral direction or ,~
along chords, however it is has emerged that for ; the majorlty o~ applications optimum properties can be achieved with ibres which are at least approximately radial alone.
: ~ .
- In principla, any fibrous material could ~ ~ ' -be used, as could glass fibres. However; it has ~.; 2~72~ ~
proved to be particularly advantageous to use a carbon fibre material, the so-called "highly rigid" (HM) carbon fibres being most suitable aq COmpd~ed Wlt~ "hlgh tsnsile'' (HT) carbon fibres, since - a~ ~e~ts have shown - with a fibre content of approximately 65 volume % the corresponding ~;;
plastics material (abbreviated to ~M-CFK) can attain a modulus of elasticity of approximately ,~
260,000 Njmm (in the fibre direction). In ~
comparison thereto, steel has a modulus of ~ , elasticity of only 710,000 N/mm2 which means that the elastic properties of the stock blade according to the invention are even better than those of a stock blade made from steel.
s a result of the orientation of the fibres which is at least predominantly radial -owing to ~he geometry - the pla`stics material of the disc body has a flbre content which decreases in the radial direction from the interior to the exterior, which has an unexpected yet advantageous ~effect on the mechanical properties. The average fibre content is thus 30 to 80 volume ~, in ::
~ particular approximately 60 to 65 volume ~
: : , , : .
It is further advantageous if the fibres are embedded tightly in the plastics material, i.e. under a given. at least slight, tensile ~ -~
`` ~` 2~7~
stress whicn lS identical for all the fibres. As a result thereo~, the fibres can exert a supporting force on the plastics material in an optimum mdllnar. ,n ~nls connection it is essential for a good, matarial-locking bond to be ensured between ~ne fibI-es and the plastics material. This is achieved in particular with a plastics material based on a low-viscosity synthetic resin, since, when a resin of this typ~ is mixed with the ap~ropriate hardener, the trapping of air can be almost completely avoided, such that as a result thereof, and also owing to the low viscosity, optimum wetting of the fibres with the plastics material can be ensured. ~;
t is furthermore advantageous for the machallical properties of the stock blade according to the inven~lon if the latter comprises two axternal fibre layers containing the fibres and a -central layer which lies centrally between the above two layers and is connected to the plastics ;~
material in an at least material-locking manner.
~s-efara~ly in this connection a plurality of fibre layers are disposed one above the other in each fibre layer in a direction perpendicular to the ~--plane o~ the stock blade disc. As a result , thereof, the aforementioned fibre content is attain~d, the fibres lying closely adjacent one 2 ~ 2 5 another. The central layer preferably comprise~ a ~bre-free p1astics material but can also be made of metal or some other suitable material.
~ , .
In order ~o be able to secure the pariphelal cutting segments, which are to be j soldared for some applications, to the plastics material stock blade according to the invention in -':
a particularly simple manner, the disc body comprises a segment carrier~ring of which a - ~ -connection section is connected in a material and/or interlocking manner to the plastics mater~àl and is in particular embedded, and of whioh a ratalning section extends radially beyond tha outar periphery of the diso body. Cutting segment retaining devices, connected to the cutting segments, can then be secured on this retaining 3eqtion. As a result thereof, the .
c~tirlg segmants can still be soldered, namely :~:
onto the cutting segment retaining devices which in turn can ~e connected to the 5egment carrier ~ ring in any manner eg. by adhesion or by means of ;~ 3craw or ri~et connectionsO A plurality of alternative embodlments for this means of connecti~on will be described in further detail ~below in the subsequent description of the :: . - , ,- ~ . . ~
Figures. ~
:~ ` :, ~ :':
-` 2090 1~
The method of producing the ~tock blade according to the invsntion is charactarized in that firstly fibres are disposed in at least approximately radiai alignment - relative to the circular shape OI the stock blade - and are ~
distributed in a layer-like arrangement uniformly ;
over the periphery; and in that the fibres are ~ :
embedded in a plastics material whilst being . . ; ~:~
h -d s ape . ~.
An apparatus for producing a stock blade ~ :
~ ~ ,. .<.
according to the inventlon comprises a plastics ~aterial pressing or injection moulding tool having a~shape corresponding to the stock blade . . , ,.,~ , :
and is thus characterized by a plurality of.
securing pins distributed over the outer periphery of the tool. These securing pins are used to ,,; ;
arrange the ~ibres in the manner in accordance with the invention in that the fibres are wound ;~
.: j .
about the securing pins in such a way that they `~
are oriented at least approximately radially. Thus ~ , peripheral securing pins can be provided exclusively, between which the fibres are in each case secured so that they extend at least approximately diagonally, or at least one :. . .
additional securing pin can be provided, disposed .
in the inner are~, the fibres then being wound in , each case such that they-extend between the outer :: .
:
.. ....... .. . .. . . .
, ~ 2 ~ 7 ~ 5 securing pins and the inner securing pin (or pins) at least approximately rQdially. The subsequent description of the Figures contains some concrete exampl~s o~ givsn winding technique~ and securing pin arrangements.
~) In the following the invention wiil be described in ~urther detail by way of example with reference to the drawings in which:
Figure 1 shows a plan view of a stock blade according to the invention; , -Figure ? shows a cross-section of the stock blade, on a slightly larger scale than Figura 1, along ;
the line II-II in Figure 1;
,/ , ,':' :~
Figure 3 shows a section along the line III-III in Figure 2 extending through two different planes on a scale corresponding approximately to the scale in Figure 1; ;~
~ ~ .
Figures 4 to 7 show enlarged sectional illustrations of the outer peripheral area of the , stock blade, i.e. area A in Figure 2, in alternative arrangements with respect to the segment carrier ring and fùrther illustrating cutting seament holding devices;
2~.9~7~3 Figure 8 snow5 a plan vlew of part of a segment _al ~ ~ 'r i lng ln an advantageous arrangement;
,; ,':
~igure ~ shows a plan view of a further embodiment or a stock blade according to the invention;
Figure 10 shows a cross-section of the stoc~ blade :,:
aiong the line X - X in Flgure 9; ;~
Figures 11 to 1~ show cross-sections through the ' :
nner area or the stock blade in different arrangernents OL the mounting(flange togecher with ; -_iamplng dev i ces and a coolant supply; .~ ' ~igures l5 ~o l9 in each case show greatly ~impii~ied, ~chematic plan views of an apparatus according to the invention for producing the stock . ~ ;
blade, illustrating the production method according to the invention, i.e. in particular :
varlous fibre winding techni~ues; and ,~
Figure 20 shows an enlarged semi-radial section of ~ne ~tock blade il:lustrating the production method .
.
according to the inveniion.~
In the dlfferent Figures of the drawings ~:
;dentlcal ~rts and components and those having : ident~cal e~fects are always designated~with the ~-i; 2~725 same r2f~rellce numbers and are therefore generally only ~_scribed once.
AS emerges rirstly from Figures 1 to 3, a c~rcuiar saw stock blade 1 according to th_ invention comprises a circular disc body 2, which in principle is produced from a plastics material 6 (Fig. 2) reinforced with fibres 4 (Fig. 3). In its lnner surface area the disc body 2 has a .
central mountlng opening 8 and preferably a ;;~
thickened mounting flange 10 wnich surrounds the latter and in this embodiment is formed thereon Lntegrally, i.e. lt likewise consists of the " :.
piaetics materlal 6. ~utting segments (not ilu~ra~ed) can be secured on the outer periphery 12 or the disc body 2, for which purpose the disc ~dy 2 is advantageously connected to a segment carrier ring 14 which will be described in further detail below with reference to Figures 3 and 8.
As is shown~in partlcular in the schematic lllustration in Figure 3, it is provided in accordance wlth the invention that the fibres 4 ~ are emD-ddad in the plastics material 6 such that ; they are oriented at least approximately adial iy - relative to the circular shape of the disc body 2 - and;uniformly distributed-over the ~-rlph--ry o the disc body 2. The term "~at least - ! 2 ~ ~ ~ 7 ~ ~
",:
approxlmaleiy radialiy" in this connection is to ; ~a in~etprbted in such a way that the fibre~ 4 can also be disposed on eccentrically extending -noràs, these chords, however, having to run as close as possible past the centre point of the -stock blade 1, at least through the area of the flange 10 ("quasi-radial" path; c~. in this respect Figures 15 to 20 also). In this connection additional fibres could also be provided in addition to these "quasi-radial" fibres 4 in the peripheral directlon or along chords (not illustl-ated) sxtending further away from the~
centre polnt (externaily of the ~lange area). In ~ddition, reserence should be made to the fact ~that the fibres 4 are actually disposed in a far -~
~ore compact manner than could be illustrated in Figure 3, far which reason Figure 3 is only to be regarded as a schematic illustration of the orientation of the fibres. Ho~ever, this Figure -shows clearly that the "compactness" of the fibres `~
4, i.e. the fibre content in the plastics material , 6, ~ecreases in the radial direction from the interior towards the exterior. The average fibre ~; -cotlterl~ lrl accordance with the invention is thus 30 to 80 voiume ~ and in particular approximately uC to u5 voiume ~. The fibres are stiff, i.e.
::: . . ~ , un~er at iea~t iight tensile stress, embedded in rhe pia3tl-s material 6 and~preferably consist of '~
7~
a highiy rlgid carDon fibre material (so-called H~
carbon ibres) resultlng in a HM-CF~. A self-hardening multicomponent material based on a low-visco3ity synthetic resin is preferably used as the plastics material 6.
~ , ' "' As emerges in particular from Figures 2, 4 to 7 and 20 respectively, in accordance with the invention the fibres 4 are disposed in two layers 1O and -l8 on either side of a central layer 20 ~ :
d~sposed centrally between the latter. For the .
saka of simplicity, the fibres 4 are not illustrated in Figures 2 and 4 to 7. The central layer 20 is connected in an at least material~
locking manner, optionally also in an inter- ~;
locking manner, to the plastics material 6. In order to interlock the central layer 20 can have passage openings (not illustrated) which ar~ then ~-penetrated ~y the plastics material (so-called "through-connections"). Preferably there is disposed within each fibre layer 16, 18 a ;
plurality of fibre layers-such that they are superimposed in the direction perpendicular to the ~ -plalLe of tne disc. This is shown schematically in .
~igure ~0 in particular.
As a result of the arrangement described hi cherto in accoraance with the invention, in ~ `~
7 ~ ~ :
14 ~:
~cidi~iGn co extr~mely light weight and good durability the stock blade 1 has very good n,ecnanical properties which advantageously are identical in all radial directions ("radially ~ .
sotropic"). Thus the stock blade according to the invention has a remarkable modulus of elasticity :
of appro~imately 260 000 N/mm2 in the direction of the ~ibres.
In the following the abovementioned ~ :
sagment carrier ring 14 will be explained in :~
furtnar detali wlth reference to Figures 2 to 8 anci r lyul - 20 . ~his sagment carrier ring 14 :
comprisas an inner connection section 22 which is -:
col~n~_tad ln a material and/or lnterlocking manner to the plastics material 6 of the disc body 2. In ~ ~:
particular the connection section 22 is thinner than the disc body 2 and is embedded in a material-locking manner in the plastics material ~.
6. The segment carrier ring 14 in addition comprlses a retaining section 24 extending . :~
radially beyond the outer periphery 12 of the disc ;~
DOdy ''. Lhe segment carrier ring 14 can adyantagaousiy be in the form of a circular disc rlng GL which the inner peripheral area rorms the ;~
connection section 22 which is embedded in the ~:
~la-L~o~ m~Le~lal o of the disc body 2 such that :~:
L surrouncls tr.e periphery of tne centr l layer ~;~
7 ~ 3 20. Thus the connection section 22 preferably has passage openings 26 which are penetrated by the plastics material 6 (cf. in particular Figures 3 to 7), such that advantageously there is a material and interlocking connection betwaen the segment carrier ring 14 and the disc body 2. As Figure 3 further shows, the segment carrier ring 14, in the orm of a circular disc ring, .
advantageously comprises radial expansion slots 28 : , , which are distributed over the periphery with open ~ :
edges open in the ràdial direction in each case, .
preferably one expansion slot 28 open at the inner edge and one open at the external edge being :~
~disposed adjacent one another in eaGh case. These expansion slots 28 in each case lie between the passage openings ("through-connections") 26 penetrated by the plastics material 6.
As an alternative to the segment carrier -: ring being arranged as a circular disc ring, it is : also possible to use a circular disc-shaped filling member which has a diameter of a size such : that the outer periphery thereof projects ~ s ~ ~ outwardly over the outer periphery 12 of the disc - . ~
body 2. This means that the segment carrier ring 14 is formed by the outer peripheral area of this. :~
filling member forming the central layer 20. This . .
embodiment is shown in Flgure 20.
7f~,S
", ' The segment carri~r ring 14 pre~erably consists of metal, the entire central layer 20, i.e. the filling ~ember forming the latter, evidently consisting of metal in the arrangeme~t which is integral with the central layer 20.
!
According to Figures 4 to 7 cutting segment retaining de~ices 30 are secured or can be secured to the segment carrier ring 14, i.e. on the retaining section 24 thereof, distrihuted over the periphery, for which the,following different ~ ;
pO5S i bilities are provided. ~
`:~
According to Figures 4 and 6 the outer ;~
retaining section 24 of the segment carrier ring ~-~
14 is slightly thinner than the disc body 2. The cutting segment retaining devices 30 in this `
connection have a substantially U-shaped cross~
section with a transverse bar 32 and two parallel legs 34 which engage over the retaining section 24 ;~
of the segment carrier ring 14 on both sides.
These cutting segment retaining devices 30 can be oonded to the segment carrier ring 14 and/or held ~-by means oi screw or rivet connections (not - ~
illustrated) dispoeed iIl the vicinity of the legs ;
34 engaging over the retaining section 24. In accordance with Figure 4, the retaining section 24 ,: -.,'' .
2 ~ 7 2 ~
Lmmediately ~ollows the ~mbedded connaction section 22, whereas in the embodiment according to Figure 6, a ring section 36 is disposed between the connection section 22 and the retaining section 24, which ring section is substantially the same thickness as the disc body 2 and directly surrounds the outer periphery 12 of the disc body 2.
In tne embodiments according to Figures 5 and 7 the retaining section 24 of the segment carrier ring 14 immediately following the embedded connection section 22 is substantially the same thickness as the disc ~ody 2. Thus the segment carrier ring 14 in this case is approximately T-shaped in cross-section. The surface of the retaining section 24 facing radially outwards forms a securing surface 38 curved in a convex and arcuate manner, the cutting segment retaining devices 30 being retained, in particular stuc~, on this securing surface 38 of the segment carrier ring 14 by means of securing surfaces 40 curved in ~-a correspondingly concave manner. Ih the embodiment according to Figure 7, the cutting .
segment holding devices 30 in addition comprise in ~ ~ ;
sach case a dove-tailed recess 42 for holding the cutting segments (not illustrated) In an inter-locking manner. As an alternative to the latter, the cutting segments are conventionally soldered onto the cutting segment retaining devices 30 before the latter are connected to the segment carrier ring 14.
In accordance with Figure 8 the segment ~?~
carrier ring 14 is divided into a plurality of individual arcuate ring sections 43 which are, or can be, connected to one another in particular by means of interlocking connections 45. Preferably , . , the;interlocking connections 45 are in each case in the rorm of a dove-tail connection. This embodiment of the se~ment carrier ring 14 is particularly suitable or stock blades having a very large diameter. In order that the segment carrier ring 14 and the 1ndividual ring sections 43 thereof can be correctly aligned and positioned during manufacture o the stock blade according to ~ , the invention, the segment carrier ring 14 i~s connected, or can be connected, via a plurality of spoke-like connector slements 46 which are distributed over the periphery and are-to be d1sposed in the plane of the central layer, to a cen~ral sscuring body 47, interlocking connectlons 45 ~lso being provided for these connections between ths conneotor elements 4~ and the ring ~ -~
sections 43 on the one hand and the securing body ~ `
47 on the other hand. Figure 8 illustrates by ;~
- ` 2 ~ 7 2 ~
means of arrows 48 the process for assembling the said individual parts of the segment carrier ring 14 which should thus be readily comprehensible. As can further be seen in Figure 8, each ring section 43 comprises a plurality of ring members 49 which are connected to one another in an integral mann~r in the outer peripheral area of the segment carrier ring 14 by means of narrow connection bars ~1 This means that the ring members 49 are separated as far as the connection bars 51 by means of radial slots or intermediate spaces 53, this segment carrier ring 14ibeing connected to the disc body 2 in such a way that the connection ~ars ~l are disposed completely externally of thé
disc body 2, i.e. at a radial spacing from the outer periphery 12 (shown in broken lines in Figure 8), so that openings 54 are formed between the outer periphery 12 and the connection bars 51.
The~purpose of this arrangement will be explained in further detail below.
In a further development of the invention llustrated in Figures 9 to 14 and also in Figure 20 the disc body 2 comprises ducts 44 (only ;, illustrated by broken lines in Figures 9, 10 and 20) passing thr~ough the area of the central plane thereo~. These ducts 44 extend substantially radially from the inner area to the outer ~ -2 ~ 5 periphery 12, namely in particular through the central layer 20 and optianally also through the segment carrier ring 14. The ducts 44 can serve two different purposes. On the one hand, there cAn he supplied via a clamping device a coolant which then flows via the ducts 44 to the outer :, peripheral area and emerges between the cutting -segments in order to cool the latter during machining. On the other hand, the ducts 44 can also be closed at each end and thus be filled with , a sound-dampiny medium. This posqibility serves to ~-aamp noise and vibrations ef~fectively. `;
At this point, reference is-again made to Figure 8 which illustra~es by means of one of the ducts 44 (shown in broken lines) that the latter -;~
passes through the area of a slot or intermediate space 52 formed between the ring members 49 of the segment carrier ring 14 and opens out outw rdly on `~
the outer periphery 12 of the disc body 2 in the -area of the opening 54 formed between the outer -`
periphery 12 and the respective connection bar 51.
As a result thereof, a coolant, delivered from the central area, can be discharged via the opening , ~; 54.
In accordance with Figures 9 and 10, -radial s~gment slots 55 can be formed on the outer ~ i 2~9~72~
periphery of the di~c body 2, the ducts 44 then opening out outwardly in the base area of these segmerlt slots 55. Figure 10 shows that the disc Dody 2 is formed integrally with the flange 10, the ducts 44 extending through the 1ange 10 at least as far as a supply opening 56 into which a coolànt can be supplied via a suitable alamping device 57, as explained below.
. ,":,, Figures 11 to 14 illustrate some examples o~ the clamping devlce 57. In Figures 11 and 12 - cne stock blade 2 is formed lntegrally with the flange lO in each case. The ducts 44 open out `
radially outwards in the vicinity of the flange 10 ~ ~
via the supply opening or openings 56 so that a ,~ A,.`"',,, coolant can be supplied in the radial direction "
l ~arrow 59) via a stationary, i.e. non-rotating, part 58 of the clamping device 57. Thus a seal is ,:
provided in a manner known per se between the rotating and non-rotating parts. The two ~ ;
embodiments in Figures 11 and 12 only differ with ~ -respect to the type of a holding part 60 provided or clamping the stock blade, the holding part 60 accord~lng to Figure 11 being disc-shaped and ~~
engaging in an accommodating recess in the stock ` Dlade. In contrast,~the holding part 60 in'the embodiment according to Figure 12 lies outwardly ~- -on the stock blade surface. In both cases the ;~ ' ' , ,~, , ':' .'.
!; 2~.9~72~
nolding part 60 is connected to a drive shaft 62 ~y means of a screw connection. In the embodiment according to Figure 13 the flange 10 is in the form of a separate part connected to the disc body 2 via screw connection~. In other respects this arrangement corresponds to the one in Figure 12.
In the arrangemant according to Figure 14, the ! :
disc body 2 doe~ not h~ve a flange. The ducts 44 terminate in the radial direction internally in ~ -the vicinity of the assembly opening 8 and here form radially inwardly directed supply openings :., .
: 56. This disc body 2 is mounted on a shaft ~:
, attachment of the drive shaft 62 ant is clamped ~ ,~
wlth the holding part 60. The shaft attachment : , .
thus has a peripheral annular recess into which both the supply openings 56 and an axial duct 64 o the drive shaft 62 open. '~
In an advantageous further development of ~ .
the invention not illustrated in the drawings the . : -disc body 2 comprises on both the surfaces thereof in each cas~ one wear-protecting coating, which advantageously protects the fibres in the vicinity of the surIaces from mechanical influences ~ :
fricti.on). The stock blade according to the ..
lnVentiOn thus has a particularly long useful life.
11 20~7~
Wlth relerence to Figures 15 to 20 the methoG and apparatus used to produce the stock blade l according to the invention will now be ~r~L iy sxplained.
, igures l5 to l9 in each case show the c bo~y ln b~oken lines. This shape lS
produced from t~e piaslics material 6 by means of :
ng or ~r,je~cion moulding tool, the fibres `
havlng ~eell iepO91~ ed previously. For this pus~o~e Ll~e manuiacturlng apparatus according to -the inv~ntlon has a plurality of outer securing plllS 50 or similar securing elements distributed over the outer periphery of the tool and op~ionally also in the central area at least one~
inner securing pin 52 (Figure 18) or a plurality - ;~
, of lnner securing plns 52 (Figure 19) distributed over the periphery. In order for the fibres 4 to ;
~e ~ ts~uted over the periphery as uniformly and ;~
compactly as pO3Si ble, i.e. covering the surface, a5 many ~tel ~ee ur~ng pins 50 as possi L~l e should 0~ provlded WillC;l - as illustraled - can iie on a ;~`
, iU~ al. ~f ~Ji t ;:~' example twoi concentr~c circles ~ ~ , dnd dre~thus il3possd offset reiative to one c.~her ln tne peripheral direction in each case.
Ln the emDodiments illustrated, the outer securing pln~ J0 ~I e disposed externally of the subsequent three-dlmerlilonal snape of the disc body 2.
2 ~ 7 2 ~
Alternatively, however, it is also possible for e outer securing pins 50 to be disposed precisely within, i.e. adjacent, thé outer per~phery 12 so that the securLng pins 50 are then emhedded with the fibres 4 in the plastics ma~e~ial 6. ~he indivldual inner securing pin 52 according to cigure 18 is advantageously precisely centre of the disc body 2, i.e. ln the iCillity o~ the assembly opening 8 such that this ~ecurllly ~ lS not also embedded. The plural i ty of inner securing pins 52 according to :, .
yure i3 are in the vicinity of the flange 10 such that they are also embedded in the plastics ma~erial 6. For this purpose it would alternatively also be possible for the securing ~ins 52 to be disposed in the vicinity of the ~-.) assembly opening 8 such that they are then not embedded.
, ` ' .~ ' In accordance with the invention the Libres ~ aLe Iirstly deposited such that they are o~iented a~ 1east approximately radi ally and ;~
L.~ i Lr~ a layer-like manner and uniformly ;~
over ~ per~p~ery~ias a result o} being wound ~ . , b~,u~ ~h =ecuring pins 50 and optionally 52.
There are number of possibillties for the above, of which only some are indicated in Figures 15 to ~;~ 19 by way of example, although the invention is , .: .
.''`'".' ' ,"'',', '.`',' ''`'".,. '.'" ' "'~," '~' ;,~, `~ 2~7~
not restllcted to these examples. With all the possibillties it is advantageous to use csntinuous fibr2s which are available wound in the form of _~L'~, in oraer to àeposit the fibres 4.
, In dccordance with Figure 15, starting ~ ;
roln ~ny outar securing pin 50, the continuous ) fibr_3 ar_ guldad to the diametrically opposite ~_r ~_curing pin 50. The fibres are wrapped around ~hlg pin and are then guided to the pin Jd'_L~ e diametrically opposite pin and so on.
Tne winding process can be performed very easily, d3 sllown by che arrows in ~igure 15, from which it can be 3een tha~ the fibres are always wrapped arourld ;he outer securing pins 50 in the same directlon.
) ' ' ~ ., In contrast the winding technique `
il'ldlCataQ in Figure i6 only difIers from that accorQing to Figure 15 in that the fibres are in `
ed_h Cd-i wIapped around the respactive securing `~
pin~ ~0 QlallletrlCa1 iy opposite one another in _~LL~ lL~ec~ions which mean~ that here the -~;
Llb~eg dLC wrdpped around the pins in a figure-`~L-il9nt drrangem-nt in each case. The wrapp~ng of the ~ibreq can also be achieved very easily in tllis cd~e according to the arrows shown. ~
;n rlguLe ,~ the fibres 4 are likewise ~ul -~ Erom any outer securing pin 50 to the diameirically opposite securing pin, but from the i~tt~l ~o ~:~e securlng pin immediately adjacent ther~to and from here to the diametrically ~p~e3~3 ~n ~hereof and so on. Thus, as in Figure 15, the fibres can always wrap around the pins in thc sam, ~irection or, as in Figure 16, in a ~ ~;
figure-of-eight in each case, with the fibres ;~ ;
, - . .,:
~jin.~ wra~ped around the pins in difEerent -;
irectlon~
'n the casr3 of the winding technique - L~ LCL~-~ in r~gurt 18 the ~ibres are always ~;
;, ' , :' ~ ' !, . .
~oun~ ~"hwa~ ds ~LSIa orwards between the outer ~_CUl Ln~ plnS 50 and the individual inner securing i pin 52, on the exterior the fibres passing in step~ Lrom one securing pin 50 to the other. The fi~res can be wrapped in the same direction, as i~ -qnown ln rigure 18, or in dif~erent directicns in a figure-oL-eight in each case. . ;~
cigu~e ;9 illustrates a winding technique 31n~ tnr3 ou~er securing pins 50 and a plurality vL Lil~lC~ ~eour lng ~ins 52. In this case the number o~ lnllr3r secullng ~lnS 52 of necessity is smaller ~;.qn !'.l- n~n~.3r oE outer securlng pins 50. For I eason a plurality of outer securing pins r~
disposed in a circular sector are associated with each inner securing pin 52 in each case. The path of the fibres 4 can be readily seen in Figure 19, In all the winding techniques a plurality of layers ar~ pre~erably wound one above the other. In this connection it is essential for the fibres to be deposited with constant tensile ' , stress in order to impart to the stock blade the '~
"radially isotropic" properties thereof. As can be seen from Figure 20~in particular the first fibre layer 16 (comprising a plurality of wound layers) is deposited first of all. Subsequently the ' ~ "'~ ~
central' layer 20 i5 applied to this first fibre '~- ,.
layer 16 in particular in the form of a ;~ ,;, ~refabricated filling member, namely if necessary ' ,~' ,) ,-together with the segment carrier ring 14. The second fibre layer 18 is then laid on the central , '~
layer 20 in a manner similar to the first layer 16. This second layer is not illustrated in Figure 20, i.e. it cannot yet have been deposited in the :~
stage of the method illustrated. Finally all the layers are jointly surrounded with the plastics ~a~erial by means of the shaping tool, i.e. the'y are embedded in the plastics material such that a '`~`"r . .;~ , ~ :
-! materially-uniform composite as regards material ~,~
is produced. The cross-sectional contours of the ` ~inished disc body 2 are shown in broken lines in 209~72S
F~gure 20. It is essential in this connection for rne s~curlng oi- the fibres 4 by means of the SeCUrlng pins 50 and optionally 52 to be maintalnad even when the plasti~s material is hardiening in order to ensure that the fibres 4 are still su~ject to the tensile stress imparted thereto during the winding process after the piastics materiai has hardened. When the plastics material has hardened, the blank is removed from !:
.
~he mOlG anà subsequently machining is performed in that the projecting fibres 4 in the outer -~
perlphcrai area are cut off.~The assembly opening 3 is pr~duced in ti~i~e central area. In the event of ~.i_ ecurlny pinc ~0 also belng embedded in the oute~- perlpheral area, it is advantageous for the dlSC body 2 firstly to be produced such that it is oversized - relative to the diameter - and then ~, for tne area containing the pins 50 to be machined away. The individual, central securing pin according to Figure 11 is likewise removed when the assembly opening 8 is produced. The plurality of internal securing pins 50 according to Figure 12 could relnain in the vicinity of the integral : , ,,; ~:~, L~ JC ~ n .
As an alternative to the method described eL~0, 1~ lS also possible to form the central ;~
layer 20 slrnultanFously with the moulding process, 2 ~ 7,~ ~
i.e. at the same tlme as the plastics material is in~ction moulded or cast therefrom. For this purpose, when the first ibre layer 16 has been ~eposlted, suitable spacers and then the second fibre layer 18 are disposed thereon. During the moulding process, the plastics material then also penetrates between the fibre layers 16, 18 to ~orm the oentral layer 20. The spacers can remain in tha central layer 20 or be removed by melting, for -~ample. ~n this connection, before the moulding process, filling mem~ers corresponding to the ~ -~i~dpe CL the abo~Jsmentioned ducts 44 could also be ,;
~sert~d in order to form the said ducts, these r iillng m~ bers then being removed from the -entral layer after the moulding process in ordèr to ~orm the ducts. For this purpose it is possible to ùse for the filling members a material which melts under the effect of heat, the filling members being melted for removal. ~lternatively, the filling members can consist of-a wire material or e~ample, and be surrounded with a separating dgent beEore insertion, as a result of which a material conne~tlon with the plastics material is dVOldbd. ~he Eilling members can then be removed ~rom tne p;astics material in a simple manner, as bX~it 01 whlch tne ducts 44 are formed. ;~
.' a 2 ~3 9 ~ 7 2 3 '; , ' ~
,',~, It is i,urthermore particùlarly , advancageous Lf subsequently a surface wear-rotectillg coa~ing i9 applied in a suitable manner 0 t_rle SCO_f. ~laae, alter moulding. This coating ~an be sprayed on, for example. , ~ ' , In an advantageous ~urther development of the inv0ntion (not illustrated), i.e. of the , ~, pro,duction apparatus according to the invention, ,,~
tAe ~latt2r has-a depositing device which is p'articular program-control,led for automatically winding the continuous-fibre~,material about the securlng plns. This depositing device has a movable depositing head of which the movements can De programmed according to the winding plan in -acn case.
The invention is'not restricted to the embocilmen~s de~cribed and illustrated but also sncompasses all similar arrangements within th9 ~ -spirit oi, the invention. ~ ~ ~
: ~: ,. -
TITLE
CENTRAL DISC MADE OF FIB~E-REIMFORC~D P~ASTIC FOR ~ -CIRCULAR-SAW B~ADES AND/OR ABRASIVE CUTTERS
The present invention relates to a stock biade for circular saw blades and/or abrasive cutting discs, comprising a circular disc body ' ~nlch consists at least partially of a ibre-reinforced plastics material.
'',:-The invention further relates to a methodand apparat'us for producing the stock blade.
Stock ~lades of this type are'used in particular for circular saw blades and/or abrasive _utting discs provided for ~orking stone,~ ' '-,~ `, peripneral, in mo3t cases, diamond-tipped cutting e,omponents (cuttiny segments) being secured on the ~;~ , ,;
outer periphery of the stock bl~de. For given applications very large stock blades having~a blade diameter of up to 5.00 m are required. In ordsr that the weight of the stock blade is Dot too great with large blade diameters of this type, attempts have already been made to manufacture the ., disc bodies from plastics material, in particular '~'~",''' a glass-fibre reinforced plastics material, or some other composite. However, considerable problems were encount,~red in this respect to the o effect that plastics ma~erial stock blades o this type are unstabie or labile and become distorted in operation when acted upon by forces resulting -, rom ro~ation and as a result oi heating-up owing to material stress~s. This leads to poor operating prop~rtie~ and even to poor quality machining when ' ths saw blades are in use. In extreme cases ths distortions occurring might even result in the, blade~being destroyed and/or the respective workpiece being damaged. Hitherto these proble~s could not be resolved satisfactorily such that plastics material saw blad,eslcould not yet ~e`used for all applications.
The present invention is therefore bas0d ;~
on the oDject o~ eliminating the'problems described above and providing a stock blade of the ,~
lr~ ally mentioned ~type which ensures optimum ;
,operating properties and machining results in practically aIl operating conditions, and which ',~
also has a long useful life.
:::
Furthermore, a method and apparatus for producing the stock blade according to the ~ invention are also to be provided.
; In a'ccordance with the invention this ob ject lS achie~ied by the features of claims 1, 28 .. ~:.. ,. ,, ,,.. , , :. ~
~.`, 2~725 and 39. Advantageous urther developments o the -, invention are contained in the respective subclaims dapendent on the latter. ,-- "
The stock blade according to the inveDtion is tnus characterized in that the fibres ~ ~ ;
are embedded in the plastic,s material so as to be oriented at least approximately rad,ially ~
relative to the circular shape of the disc body -and uniormly distributed over the periphery of the disc body. As a result of this advantageous .~ .
arrangement, the stoc~ blade~according to the ,~
invention has the same mechanical properties in every radlal directionj so that it can practically be said to be "radially isotropic". The stock ,. ...
blade is cnaracterized by optimum operating pro erties in almost all operating conditiono, low weight and a long service lie (durability). Thus, i~
: ~ ,.,, : ~ ~. .
in addition to the substantially radial fibres, ~urther i'ores could also be disposed in principle -, -~such that they run in the perlpheral direction or ,~
along chords, however it is has emerged that for ; the majorlty o~ applications optimum properties can be achieved with ibres which are at least approximately radial alone.
: ~ .
- In principla, any fibrous material could ~ ~ ' -be used, as could glass fibres. However; it has ~.; 2~72~ ~
proved to be particularly advantageous to use a carbon fibre material, the so-called "highly rigid" (HM) carbon fibres being most suitable aq COmpd~ed Wlt~ "hlgh tsnsile'' (HT) carbon fibres, since - a~ ~e~ts have shown - with a fibre content of approximately 65 volume % the corresponding ~;;
plastics material (abbreviated to ~M-CFK) can attain a modulus of elasticity of approximately ,~
260,000 Njmm (in the fibre direction). In ~
comparison thereto, steel has a modulus of ~ , elasticity of only 710,000 N/mm2 which means that the elastic properties of the stock blade according to the invention are even better than those of a stock blade made from steel.
s a result of the orientation of the fibres which is at least predominantly radial -owing to ~he geometry - the pla`stics material of the disc body has a flbre content which decreases in the radial direction from the interior to the exterior, which has an unexpected yet advantageous ~effect on the mechanical properties. The average fibre content is thus 30 to 80 volume ~, in ::
~ particular approximately 60 to 65 volume ~
: : , , : .
It is further advantageous if the fibres are embedded tightly in the plastics material, i.e. under a given. at least slight, tensile ~ -~
`` ~` 2~7~
stress whicn lS identical for all the fibres. As a result thereo~, the fibres can exert a supporting force on the plastics material in an optimum mdllnar. ,n ~nls connection it is essential for a good, matarial-locking bond to be ensured between ~ne fibI-es and the plastics material. This is achieved in particular with a plastics material based on a low-viscosity synthetic resin, since, when a resin of this typ~ is mixed with the ap~ropriate hardener, the trapping of air can be almost completely avoided, such that as a result thereof, and also owing to the low viscosity, optimum wetting of the fibres with the plastics material can be ensured. ~;
t is furthermore advantageous for the machallical properties of the stock blade according to the inven~lon if the latter comprises two axternal fibre layers containing the fibres and a -central layer which lies centrally between the above two layers and is connected to the plastics ;~
material in an at least material-locking manner.
~s-efara~ly in this connection a plurality of fibre layers are disposed one above the other in each fibre layer in a direction perpendicular to the ~--plane o~ the stock blade disc. As a result , thereof, the aforementioned fibre content is attain~d, the fibres lying closely adjacent one 2 ~ 2 5 another. The central layer preferably comprise~ a ~bre-free p1astics material but can also be made of metal or some other suitable material.
~ , .
In order ~o be able to secure the pariphelal cutting segments, which are to be j soldared for some applications, to the plastics material stock blade according to the invention in -':
a particularly simple manner, the disc body comprises a segment carrier~ring of which a - ~ -connection section is connected in a material and/or interlocking manner to the plastics mater~àl and is in particular embedded, and of whioh a ratalning section extends radially beyond tha outar periphery of the diso body. Cutting segment retaining devices, connected to the cutting segments, can then be secured on this retaining 3eqtion. As a result thereof, the .
c~tirlg segmants can still be soldered, namely :~:
onto the cutting segment retaining devices which in turn can ~e connected to the 5egment carrier ~ ring in any manner eg. by adhesion or by means of ;~ 3craw or ri~et connectionsO A plurality of alternative embodlments for this means of connecti~on will be described in further detail ~below in the subsequent description of the :: . - , ,- ~ . . ~
Figures. ~
:~ ` :, ~ :':
-` 2090 1~
The method of producing the ~tock blade according to the invsntion is charactarized in that firstly fibres are disposed in at least approximately radiai alignment - relative to the circular shape OI the stock blade - and are ~
distributed in a layer-like arrangement uniformly ;
over the periphery; and in that the fibres are ~ :
embedded in a plastics material whilst being . . ; ~:~
h -d s ape . ~.
An apparatus for producing a stock blade ~ :
~ ~ ,. .<.
according to the inventlon comprises a plastics ~aterial pressing or injection moulding tool having a~shape corresponding to the stock blade . . , ,.,~ , :
and is thus characterized by a plurality of.
securing pins distributed over the outer periphery of the tool. These securing pins are used to ,,; ;
arrange the ~ibres in the manner in accordance with the invention in that the fibres are wound ;~
.: j .
about the securing pins in such a way that they `~
are oriented at least approximately radially. Thus ~ , peripheral securing pins can be provided exclusively, between which the fibres are in each case secured so that they extend at least approximately diagonally, or at least one :. . .
additional securing pin can be provided, disposed .
in the inner are~, the fibres then being wound in , each case such that they-extend between the outer :: .
:
.. ....... .. . .. . . .
, ~ 2 ~ 7 ~ 5 securing pins and the inner securing pin (or pins) at least approximately rQdially. The subsequent description of the Figures contains some concrete exampl~s o~ givsn winding technique~ and securing pin arrangements.
~) In the following the invention wiil be described in ~urther detail by way of example with reference to the drawings in which:
Figure 1 shows a plan view of a stock blade according to the invention; , -Figure ? shows a cross-section of the stock blade, on a slightly larger scale than Figura 1, along ;
the line II-II in Figure 1;
,/ , ,':' :~
Figure 3 shows a section along the line III-III in Figure 2 extending through two different planes on a scale corresponding approximately to the scale in Figure 1; ;~
~ ~ .
Figures 4 to 7 show enlarged sectional illustrations of the outer peripheral area of the , stock blade, i.e. area A in Figure 2, in alternative arrangements with respect to the segment carrier ring and fùrther illustrating cutting seament holding devices;
2~.9~7~3 Figure 8 snow5 a plan vlew of part of a segment _al ~ ~ 'r i lng ln an advantageous arrangement;
,; ,':
~igure ~ shows a plan view of a further embodiment or a stock blade according to the invention;
Figure 10 shows a cross-section of the stoc~ blade :,:
aiong the line X - X in Flgure 9; ;~
Figures 11 to 1~ show cross-sections through the ' :
nner area or the stock blade in different arrangernents OL the mounting(flange togecher with ; -_iamplng dev i ces and a coolant supply; .~ ' ~igures l5 ~o l9 in each case show greatly ~impii~ied, ~chematic plan views of an apparatus according to the invention for producing the stock . ~ ;
blade, illustrating the production method according to the invention, i.e. in particular :
varlous fibre winding techni~ues; and ,~
Figure 20 shows an enlarged semi-radial section of ~ne ~tock blade il:lustrating the production method .
.
according to the inveniion.~
In the dlfferent Figures of the drawings ~:
;dentlcal ~rts and components and those having : ident~cal e~fects are always designated~with the ~-i; 2~725 same r2f~rellce numbers and are therefore generally only ~_scribed once.
AS emerges rirstly from Figures 1 to 3, a c~rcuiar saw stock blade 1 according to th_ invention comprises a circular disc body 2, which in principle is produced from a plastics material 6 (Fig. 2) reinforced with fibres 4 (Fig. 3). In its lnner surface area the disc body 2 has a .
central mountlng opening 8 and preferably a ;;~
thickened mounting flange 10 wnich surrounds the latter and in this embodiment is formed thereon Lntegrally, i.e. lt likewise consists of the " :.
piaetics materlal 6. ~utting segments (not ilu~ra~ed) can be secured on the outer periphery 12 or the disc body 2, for which purpose the disc ~dy 2 is advantageously connected to a segment carrier ring 14 which will be described in further detail below with reference to Figures 3 and 8.
As is shown~in partlcular in the schematic lllustration in Figure 3, it is provided in accordance wlth the invention that the fibres 4 ~ are emD-ddad in the plastics material 6 such that ; they are oriented at least approximately adial iy - relative to the circular shape of the disc body 2 - and;uniformly distributed-over the ~-rlph--ry o the disc body 2. The term "~at least - ! 2 ~ ~ ~ 7 ~ ~
",:
approxlmaleiy radialiy" in this connection is to ; ~a in~etprbted in such a way that the fibre~ 4 can also be disposed on eccentrically extending -noràs, these chords, however, having to run as close as possible past the centre point of the -stock blade 1, at least through the area of the flange 10 ("quasi-radial" path; c~. in this respect Figures 15 to 20 also). In this connection additional fibres could also be provided in addition to these "quasi-radial" fibres 4 in the peripheral directlon or along chords (not illustl-ated) sxtending further away from the~
centre polnt (externaily of the ~lange area). In ~ddition, reserence should be made to the fact ~that the fibres 4 are actually disposed in a far -~
~ore compact manner than could be illustrated in Figure 3, far which reason Figure 3 is only to be regarded as a schematic illustration of the orientation of the fibres. Ho~ever, this Figure -shows clearly that the "compactness" of the fibres `~
4, i.e. the fibre content in the plastics material , 6, ~ecreases in the radial direction from the interior towards the exterior. The average fibre ~; -cotlterl~ lrl accordance with the invention is thus 30 to 80 voiume ~ and in particular approximately uC to u5 voiume ~. The fibres are stiff, i.e.
::: . . ~ , un~er at iea~t iight tensile stress, embedded in rhe pia3tl-s material 6 and~preferably consist of '~
7~
a highiy rlgid carDon fibre material (so-called H~
carbon ibres) resultlng in a HM-CF~. A self-hardening multicomponent material based on a low-visco3ity synthetic resin is preferably used as the plastics material 6.
~ , ' "' As emerges in particular from Figures 2, 4 to 7 and 20 respectively, in accordance with the invention the fibres 4 are disposed in two layers 1O and -l8 on either side of a central layer 20 ~ :
d~sposed centrally between the latter. For the .
saka of simplicity, the fibres 4 are not illustrated in Figures 2 and 4 to 7. The central layer 20 is connected in an at least material~
locking manner, optionally also in an inter- ~;
locking manner, to the plastics material 6. In order to interlock the central layer 20 can have passage openings (not illustrated) which ar~ then ~-penetrated ~y the plastics material (so-called "through-connections"). Preferably there is disposed within each fibre layer 16, 18 a ;
plurality of fibre layers-such that they are superimposed in the direction perpendicular to the ~ -plalLe of tne disc. This is shown schematically in .
~igure ~0 in particular.
As a result of the arrangement described hi cherto in accoraance with the invention, in ~ `~
7 ~ ~ :
14 ~:
~cidi~iGn co extr~mely light weight and good durability the stock blade 1 has very good n,ecnanical properties which advantageously are identical in all radial directions ("radially ~ .
sotropic"). Thus the stock blade according to the invention has a remarkable modulus of elasticity :
of appro~imately 260 000 N/mm2 in the direction of the ~ibres.
In the following the abovementioned ~ :
sagment carrier ring 14 will be explained in :~
furtnar detali wlth reference to Figures 2 to 8 anci r lyul - 20 . ~his sagment carrier ring 14 :
comprisas an inner connection section 22 which is -:
col~n~_tad ln a material and/or lnterlocking manner to the plastics material 6 of the disc body 2. In ~ ~:
particular the connection section 22 is thinner than the disc body 2 and is embedded in a material-locking manner in the plastics material ~.
6. The segment carrier ring 14 in addition comprlses a retaining section 24 extending . :~
radially beyond the outer periphery 12 of the disc ;~
DOdy ''. Lhe segment carrier ring 14 can adyantagaousiy be in the form of a circular disc rlng GL which the inner peripheral area rorms the ;~
connection section 22 which is embedded in the ~:
~la-L~o~ m~Le~lal o of the disc body 2 such that :~:
L surrouncls tr.e periphery of tne centr l layer ~;~
7 ~ 3 20. Thus the connection section 22 preferably has passage openings 26 which are penetrated by the plastics material 6 (cf. in particular Figures 3 to 7), such that advantageously there is a material and interlocking connection betwaen the segment carrier ring 14 and the disc body 2. As Figure 3 further shows, the segment carrier ring 14, in the orm of a circular disc ring, .
advantageously comprises radial expansion slots 28 : , , which are distributed over the periphery with open ~ :
edges open in the ràdial direction in each case, .
preferably one expansion slot 28 open at the inner edge and one open at the external edge being :~
~disposed adjacent one another in eaGh case. These expansion slots 28 in each case lie between the passage openings ("through-connections") 26 penetrated by the plastics material 6.
As an alternative to the segment carrier -: ring being arranged as a circular disc ring, it is : also possible to use a circular disc-shaped filling member which has a diameter of a size such : that the outer periphery thereof projects ~ s ~ ~ outwardly over the outer periphery 12 of the disc - . ~
body 2. This means that the segment carrier ring 14 is formed by the outer peripheral area of this. :~
filling member forming the central layer 20. This . .
embodiment is shown in Flgure 20.
7f~,S
", ' The segment carri~r ring 14 pre~erably consists of metal, the entire central layer 20, i.e. the filling ~ember forming the latter, evidently consisting of metal in the arrangeme~t which is integral with the central layer 20.
!
According to Figures 4 to 7 cutting segment retaining de~ices 30 are secured or can be secured to the segment carrier ring 14, i.e. on the retaining section 24 thereof, distrihuted over the periphery, for which the,following different ~ ;
pO5S i bilities are provided. ~
`:~
According to Figures 4 and 6 the outer ;~
retaining section 24 of the segment carrier ring ~-~
14 is slightly thinner than the disc body 2. The cutting segment retaining devices 30 in this `
connection have a substantially U-shaped cross~
section with a transverse bar 32 and two parallel legs 34 which engage over the retaining section 24 ;~
of the segment carrier ring 14 on both sides.
These cutting segment retaining devices 30 can be oonded to the segment carrier ring 14 and/or held ~-by means oi screw or rivet connections (not - ~
illustrated) dispoeed iIl the vicinity of the legs ;
34 engaging over the retaining section 24. In accordance with Figure 4, the retaining section 24 ,: -.,'' .
2 ~ 7 2 ~
Lmmediately ~ollows the ~mbedded connaction section 22, whereas in the embodiment according to Figure 6, a ring section 36 is disposed between the connection section 22 and the retaining section 24, which ring section is substantially the same thickness as the disc body 2 and directly surrounds the outer periphery 12 of the disc body 2.
In tne embodiments according to Figures 5 and 7 the retaining section 24 of the segment carrier ring 14 immediately following the embedded connection section 22 is substantially the same thickness as the disc ~ody 2. Thus the segment carrier ring 14 in this case is approximately T-shaped in cross-section. The surface of the retaining section 24 facing radially outwards forms a securing surface 38 curved in a convex and arcuate manner, the cutting segment retaining devices 30 being retained, in particular stuc~, on this securing surface 38 of the segment carrier ring 14 by means of securing surfaces 40 curved in ~-a correspondingly concave manner. Ih the embodiment according to Figure 7, the cutting .
segment holding devices 30 in addition comprise in ~ ~ ;
sach case a dove-tailed recess 42 for holding the cutting segments (not illustrated) In an inter-locking manner. As an alternative to the latter, the cutting segments are conventionally soldered onto the cutting segment retaining devices 30 before the latter are connected to the segment carrier ring 14.
In accordance with Figure 8 the segment ~?~
carrier ring 14 is divided into a plurality of individual arcuate ring sections 43 which are, or can be, connected to one another in particular by means of interlocking connections 45. Preferably , . , the;interlocking connections 45 are in each case in the rorm of a dove-tail connection. This embodiment of the se~ment carrier ring 14 is particularly suitable or stock blades having a very large diameter. In order that the segment carrier ring 14 and the 1ndividual ring sections 43 thereof can be correctly aligned and positioned during manufacture o the stock blade according to ~ , the invention, the segment carrier ring 14 i~s connected, or can be connected, via a plurality of spoke-like connector slements 46 which are distributed over the periphery and are-to be d1sposed in the plane of the central layer, to a cen~ral sscuring body 47, interlocking connectlons 45 ~lso being provided for these connections between ths conneotor elements 4~ and the ring ~ -~
sections 43 on the one hand and the securing body ~ `
47 on the other hand. Figure 8 illustrates by ;~
- ` 2 ~ 7 2 ~
means of arrows 48 the process for assembling the said individual parts of the segment carrier ring 14 which should thus be readily comprehensible. As can further be seen in Figure 8, each ring section 43 comprises a plurality of ring members 49 which are connected to one another in an integral mann~r in the outer peripheral area of the segment carrier ring 14 by means of narrow connection bars ~1 This means that the ring members 49 are separated as far as the connection bars 51 by means of radial slots or intermediate spaces 53, this segment carrier ring 14ibeing connected to the disc body 2 in such a way that the connection ~ars ~l are disposed completely externally of thé
disc body 2, i.e. at a radial spacing from the outer periphery 12 (shown in broken lines in Figure 8), so that openings 54 are formed between the outer periphery 12 and the connection bars 51.
The~purpose of this arrangement will be explained in further detail below.
In a further development of the invention llustrated in Figures 9 to 14 and also in Figure 20 the disc body 2 comprises ducts 44 (only ;, illustrated by broken lines in Figures 9, 10 and 20) passing thr~ough the area of the central plane thereo~. These ducts 44 extend substantially radially from the inner area to the outer ~ -2 ~ 5 periphery 12, namely in particular through the central layer 20 and optianally also through the segment carrier ring 14. The ducts 44 can serve two different purposes. On the one hand, there cAn he supplied via a clamping device a coolant which then flows via the ducts 44 to the outer :, peripheral area and emerges between the cutting -segments in order to cool the latter during machining. On the other hand, the ducts 44 can also be closed at each end and thus be filled with , a sound-dampiny medium. This posqibility serves to ~-aamp noise and vibrations ef~fectively. `;
At this point, reference is-again made to Figure 8 which illustra~es by means of one of the ducts 44 (shown in broken lines) that the latter -;~
passes through the area of a slot or intermediate space 52 formed between the ring members 49 of the segment carrier ring 14 and opens out outw rdly on `~
the outer periphery 12 of the disc body 2 in the -area of the opening 54 formed between the outer -`
periphery 12 and the respective connection bar 51.
As a result thereof, a coolant, delivered from the central area, can be discharged via the opening , ~; 54.
In accordance with Figures 9 and 10, -radial s~gment slots 55 can be formed on the outer ~ i 2~9~72~
periphery of the di~c body 2, the ducts 44 then opening out outwardly in the base area of these segmerlt slots 55. Figure 10 shows that the disc Dody 2 is formed integrally with the flange 10, the ducts 44 extending through the 1ange 10 at least as far as a supply opening 56 into which a coolànt can be supplied via a suitable alamping device 57, as explained below.
. ,":,, Figures 11 to 14 illustrate some examples o~ the clamping devlce 57. In Figures 11 and 12 - cne stock blade 2 is formed lntegrally with the flange lO in each case. The ducts 44 open out `
radially outwards in the vicinity of the flange 10 ~ ~
via the supply opening or openings 56 so that a ,~ A,.`"',,, coolant can be supplied in the radial direction "
l ~arrow 59) via a stationary, i.e. non-rotating, part 58 of the clamping device 57. Thus a seal is ,:
provided in a manner known per se between the rotating and non-rotating parts. The two ~ ;
embodiments in Figures 11 and 12 only differ with ~ -respect to the type of a holding part 60 provided or clamping the stock blade, the holding part 60 accord~lng to Figure 11 being disc-shaped and ~~
engaging in an accommodating recess in the stock ` Dlade. In contrast,~the holding part 60 in'the embodiment according to Figure 12 lies outwardly ~- -on the stock blade surface. In both cases the ;~ ' ' , ,~, , ':' .'.
!; 2~.9~72~
nolding part 60 is connected to a drive shaft 62 ~y means of a screw connection. In the embodiment according to Figure 13 the flange 10 is in the form of a separate part connected to the disc body 2 via screw connection~. In other respects this arrangement corresponds to the one in Figure 12.
In the arrangemant according to Figure 14, the ! :
disc body 2 doe~ not h~ve a flange. The ducts 44 terminate in the radial direction internally in ~ -the vicinity of the assembly opening 8 and here form radially inwardly directed supply openings :., .
: 56. This disc body 2 is mounted on a shaft ~:
, attachment of the drive shaft 62 ant is clamped ~ ,~
wlth the holding part 60. The shaft attachment : , .
thus has a peripheral annular recess into which both the supply openings 56 and an axial duct 64 o the drive shaft 62 open. '~
In an advantageous further development of ~ .
the invention not illustrated in the drawings the . : -disc body 2 comprises on both the surfaces thereof in each cas~ one wear-protecting coating, which advantageously protects the fibres in the vicinity of the surIaces from mechanical influences ~ :
fricti.on). The stock blade according to the ..
lnVentiOn thus has a particularly long useful life.
11 20~7~
Wlth relerence to Figures 15 to 20 the methoG and apparatus used to produce the stock blade l according to the invention will now be ~r~L iy sxplained.
, igures l5 to l9 in each case show the c bo~y ln b~oken lines. This shape lS
produced from t~e piaslics material 6 by means of :
ng or ~r,je~cion moulding tool, the fibres `
havlng ~eell iepO91~ ed previously. For this pus~o~e Ll~e manuiacturlng apparatus according to -the inv~ntlon has a plurality of outer securing plllS 50 or similar securing elements distributed over the outer periphery of the tool and op~ionally also in the central area at least one~
inner securing pin 52 (Figure 18) or a plurality - ;~
, of lnner securing plns 52 (Figure 19) distributed over the periphery. In order for the fibres 4 to ;
~e ~ ts~uted over the periphery as uniformly and ;~
compactly as pO3Si ble, i.e. covering the surface, a5 many ~tel ~ee ur~ng pins 50 as possi L~l e should 0~ provlded WillC;l - as illustraled - can iie on a ;~`
, iU~ al. ~f ~Ji t ;:~' example twoi concentr~c circles ~ ~ , dnd dre~thus il3possd offset reiative to one c.~her ln tne peripheral direction in each case.
Ln the emDodiments illustrated, the outer securing pln~ J0 ~I e disposed externally of the subsequent three-dlmerlilonal snape of the disc body 2.
2 ~ 7 2 ~
Alternatively, however, it is also possible for e outer securing pins 50 to be disposed precisely within, i.e. adjacent, thé outer per~phery 12 so that the securLng pins 50 are then emhedded with the fibres 4 in the plastics ma~e~ial 6. ~he indivldual inner securing pin 52 according to cigure 18 is advantageously precisely centre of the disc body 2, i.e. ln the iCillity o~ the assembly opening 8 such that this ~ecurllly ~ lS not also embedded. The plural i ty of inner securing pins 52 according to :, .
yure i3 are in the vicinity of the flange 10 such that they are also embedded in the plastics ma~erial 6. For this purpose it would alternatively also be possible for the securing ~ins 52 to be disposed in the vicinity of the ~-.) assembly opening 8 such that they are then not embedded.
, ` ' .~ ' In accordance with the invention the Libres ~ aLe Iirstly deposited such that they are o~iented a~ 1east approximately radi ally and ;~
L.~ i Lr~ a layer-like manner and uniformly ;~
over ~ per~p~ery~ias a result o} being wound ~ . , b~,u~ ~h =ecuring pins 50 and optionally 52.
There are number of possibillties for the above, of which only some are indicated in Figures 15 to ~;~ 19 by way of example, although the invention is , .: .
.''`'".' ' ,"'',', '.`',' ''`'".,. '.'" ' "'~," '~' ;,~, `~ 2~7~
not restllcted to these examples. With all the possibillties it is advantageous to use csntinuous fibr2s which are available wound in the form of _~L'~, in oraer to àeposit the fibres 4.
, In dccordance with Figure 15, starting ~ ;
roln ~ny outar securing pin 50, the continuous ) fibr_3 ar_ guldad to the diametrically opposite ~_r ~_curing pin 50. The fibres are wrapped around ~hlg pin and are then guided to the pin Jd'_L~ e diametrically opposite pin and so on.
Tne winding process can be performed very easily, d3 sllown by che arrows in ~igure 15, from which it can be 3een tha~ the fibres are always wrapped arourld ;he outer securing pins 50 in the same directlon.
) ' ' ~ ., In contrast the winding technique `
il'ldlCataQ in Figure i6 only difIers from that accorQing to Figure 15 in that the fibres are in `
ed_h Cd-i wIapped around the respactive securing `~
pin~ ~0 QlallletrlCa1 iy opposite one another in _~LL~ lL~ec~ions which mean~ that here the -~;
Llb~eg dLC wrdpped around the pins in a figure-`~L-il9nt drrangem-nt in each case. The wrapp~ng of the ~ibreq can also be achieved very easily in tllis cd~e according to the arrows shown. ~
;n rlguLe ,~ the fibres 4 are likewise ~ul -~ Erom any outer securing pin 50 to the diameirically opposite securing pin, but from the i~tt~l ~o ~:~e securlng pin immediately adjacent ther~to and from here to the diametrically ~p~e3~3 ~n ~hereof and so on. Thus, as in Figure 15, the fibres can always wrap around the pins in thc sam, ~irection or, as in Figure 16, in a ~ ~;
figure-of-eight in each case, with the fibres ;~ ;
, - . .,:
~jin.~ wra~ped around the pins in difEerent -;
irectlon~
'n the casr3 of the winding technique - L~ LCL~-~ in r~gurt 18 the ~ibres are always ~;
;, ' , :' ~ ' !, . .
~oun~ ~"hwa~ ds ~LSIa orwards between the outer ~_CUl Ln~ plnS 50 and the individual inner securing i pin 52, on the exterior the fibres passing in step~ Lrom one securing pin 50 to the other. The fi~res can be wrapped in the same direction, as i~ -qnown ln rigure 18, or in dif~erent directicns in a figure-oL-eight in each case. . ;~
cigu~e ;9 illustrates a winding technique 31n~ tnr3 ou~er securing pins 50 and a plurality vL Lil~lC~ ~eour lng ~ins 52. In this case the number o~ lnllr3r secullng ~lnS 52 of necessity is smaller ~;.qn !'.l- n~n~.3r oE outer securlng pins 50. For I eason a plurality of outer securing pins r~
disposed in a circular sector are associated with each inner securing pin 52 in each case. The path of the fibres 4 can be readily seen in Figure 19, In all the winding techniques a plurality of layers ar~ pre~erably wound one above the other. In this connection it is essential for the fibres to be deposited with constant tensile ' , stress in order to impart to the stock blade the '~
"radially isotropic" properties thereof. As can be seen from Figure 20~in particular the first fibre layer 16 (comprising a plurality of wound layers) is deposited first of all. Subsequently the ' ~ "'~ ~
central' layer 20 i5 applied to this first fibre '~- ,.
layer 16 in particular in the form of a ;~ ,;, ~refabricated filling member, namely if necessary ' ,~' ,) ,-together with the segment carrier ring 14. The second fibre layer 18 is then laid on the central , '~
layer 20 in a manner similar to the first layer 16. This second layer is not illustrated in Figure 20, i.e. it cannot yet have been deposited in the :~
stage of the method illustrated. Finally all the layers are jointly surrounded with the plastics ~a~erial by means of the shaping tool, i.e. the'y are embedded in the plastics material such that a '`~`"r . .;~ , ~ :
-! materially-uniform composite as regards material ~,~
is produced. The cross-sectional contours of the ` ~inished disc body 2 are shown in broken lines in 209~72S
F~gure 20. It is essential in this connection for rne s~curlng oi- the fibres 4 by means of the SeCUrlng pins 50 and optionally 52 to be maintalnad even when the plasti~s material is hardiening in order to ensure that the fibres 4 are still su~ject to the tensile stress imparted thereto during the winding process after the piastics materiai has hardened. When the plastics material has hardened, the blank is removed from !:
.
~he mOlG anà subsequently machining is performed in that the projecting fibres 4 in the outer -~
perlphcrai area are cut off.~The assembly opening 3 is pr~duced in ti~i~e central area. In the event of ~.i_ ecurlny pinc ~0 also belng embedded in the oute~- perlpheral area, it is advantageous for the dlSC body 2 firstly to be produced such that it is oversized - relative to the diameter - and then ~, for tne area containing the pins 50 to be machined away. The individual, central securing pin according to Figure 11 is likewise removed when the assembly opening 8 is produced. The plurality of internal securing pins 50 according to Figure 12 could relnain in the vicinity of the integral : , ,,; ~:~, L~ JC ~ n .
As an alternative to the method described eL~0, 1~ lS also possible to form the central ;~
layer 20 slrnultanFously with the moulding process, 2 ~ 7,~ ~
i.e. at the same tlme as the plastics material is in~ction moulded or cast therefrom. For this purpose, when the first ibre layer 16 has been ~eposlted, suitable spacers and then the second fibre layer 18 are disposed thereon. During the moulding process, the plastics material then also penetrates between the fibre layers 16, 18 to ~orm the oentral layer 20. The spacers can remain in tha central layer 20 or be removed by melting, for -~ample. ~n this connection, before the moulding process, filling mem~ers corresponding to the ~ -~i~dpe CL the abo~Jsmentioned ducts 44 could also be ,;
~sert~d in order to form the said ducts, these r iillng m~ bers then being removed from the -entral layer after the moulding process in ordèr to ~orm the ducts. For this purpose it is possible to ùse for the filling members a material which melts under the effect of heat, the filling members being melted for removal. ~lternatively, the filling members can consist of-a wire material or e~ample, and be surrounded with a separating dgent beEore insertion, as a result of which a material conne~tlon with the plastics material is dVOldbd. ~he Eilling members can then be removed ~rom tne p;astics material in a simple manner, as bX~it 01 whlch tne ducts 44 are formed. ;~
.' a 2 ~3 9 ~ 7 2 3 '; , ' ~
,',~, It is i,urthermore particùlarly , advancageous Lf subsequently a surface wear-rotectillg coa~ing i9 applied in a suitable manner 0 t_rle SCO_f. ~laae, alter moulding. This coating ~an be sprayed on, for example. , ~ ' , In an advantageous ~urther development of the inv0ntion (not illustrated), i.e. of the , ~, pro,duction apparatus according to the invention, ,,~
tAe ~latt2r has-a depositing device which is p'articular program-control,led for automatically winding the continuous-fibre~,material about the securlng plns. This depositing device has a movable depositing head of which the movements can De programmed according to the winding plan in -acn case.
The invention is'not restricted to the embocilmen~s de~cribed and illustrated but also sncompasses all similar arrangements within th9 ~ -spirit oi, the invention. ~ ~ ~
: ~: ,. -
Claims (41)
1. Stock blade (1) for circular saw blades and/or abrasive cutting discs, consisting of a circular disc body (2) at least partially consisting of a plastics material (6) reinforced with fibres (4), characterized in that the fibres (4) are embedded in the plastics material (6) such that they are oriented at least approximately radially - relative to the circular shape of the disc body (2) - and distributed uniformly over the periphery of the disc body (2).
2. Stock blade according to Claim 1, characterized in that the plastics material (6) of the disc body (2) comprises a fibre content which decreases in the radial direction from the interior to the exterior, the average fibre content being 30 to 80 volume %, in particular approximately 60 to 65 volume %.
3. Stock blade according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the fibres (4) are embedded tightly, under tensile stress, in the plastics material (6).
4. Stock blade according to one or more of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the fibres (4) consist of a highly-rigid carbon fibre material.
5. Stock blade according to one or more of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the plastics material (6) is a self-hardening multicomponent material based on a low-viscosity synthetic resin.
6. Stock blade according to one or more of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the disc body (2) comprises two outer fibre layers (16, 18), containing the fibres (4), and a central layer (20) which lies between the said two layers and is connected in an at least material-locking manner to the plastics material (6), a plurality of fibre layers superimposed in a direction perpendicular to the lateral plane preferably being disposed in each fibre layer (16, 18).
7. Stock blade according to one or more of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the disc body (2) comprises a segment carrier ring (14) of which a retaining section (24) extends radially over the outer periphery (12) of the disc body, and of which a connection section (22) is connected in a material and/or interlocking manner to the plastics material (6).
8. Stock blade according to Claim 7, characterized in that the segment carrier ring (14) is formed by a circular disc ring of which the inner peripheral area forms the connection section (23) which is embedded in the plastics material (6) of the disc body (2) such that it surrounds the periphery of the central layer (20), the connection section (22) preferably comprising openings (26) penetrated by the plastics material (16).
9. Stock blade according to Claim 8, characterized in that the circular disc ring comprises radial expansion slots (28) which are distributed over the periphery and are in each case open at the edge in a radial direction, preferably one expansion slot (28) which is open at the inner edge and one expansion slot which is open at the outer edge being disposed adjacent one another alternately in each ease.
10. Stock blade according to one or more of Claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the segment carrier ring (14) is divided into a plurality of individual arcuate ring sections (43) which are connected to one another in particular via interlocking connections (45).
11. Stock blade according to one or more of claims 7 to 10, characterized in that the segment carrier ring (14) is connected to a central securing member (47) via a plurality of spoke-like connector elements (46) which are distributed over sthe periphery and pass through the central layer (20).
12. Stock blade according to Claim 11, characterized in that the connector elements (46) are in each case connected to the segment carrier ring (14) and the securing member (47) via interlocking connections (45).
13. Stock blade according to one or more of Claims 10 to 12, characterized in that each ring section (43) of the segment carrier ring (14) comprises a plurality of ring parts (49) which are integrally connected to one another in the outer peripheral area via narrow connection bars (51).
14. Stock blade according to claim 7, characterized in that the segment carrier ring ??4? is formed by the outer peripheral area of the central layer (20) in the form of a circular disc-shaped filling member.
15. Stock blade according to one or more of Claims 7 to 14, characterized in that cutting segment retaining devices (30) distributed over the periphery arc secured on the retaining section (24) of the preferably metal segment carrier ring (14).
16. Stock blade according to Claim 15, characterized in that the outer retaining section (24) of the segment carrier ring (14) is thinner than the disc body (2), the cutting segment retaining devices (30) in each case having a substantially U-shaped cross-section with a transverse bar (32) and two parallel legs (34) engaging over the retaining section (24) of the segment carrier ring (14) on both sides.
17. Stock blade according to Claim 15 or 16, characterized in that the retaining section (24) follows the connection section (22), which is connected to the plastics material (6) and is in particular embedded in a material-locking manner, directly or via a ring section (36) which is substantially the same thickness as the disc body (2) and directly surrounds the outer periphery (12) of the disc body (2).
18. Stock blade according to one or more of Claims 15 to 17, characterized in that the cutting segment retaining devices (30) are bonded to the segment carrier ring (14) and/or are held by means of screw or rivet connections disposed in the vicinity of the legs (34) engaging over the retaining section (24).
19. Stock blade according to Claim 15, characterized in that the outer retaining section (24) of the segment carrier ring (14) is substantially the same thickness as the disc body (2) and has an outer, arcuately and convexly curved securing surface (38), the cutting segment retaining devices (30) being retained on, in particular bonded to, the securing surface (38) of the segment carrier ring (14) with securing surfaces (40) curved in a correspondingly concave manner.
20. Stock blade according to one or more of Claims 15 to 19, characterized in that the cutting segment retaining devices (30) in each case comprise a dove-tailed recess (42) for retaining a cutting segment in an interlocking manner.
21. Stock blade according to one or more of Claims 1 to 20, characterized in that the disc body (2) comprises ducts (44) which extend from the inner area to the outer periphery (12) through the area of the central plane thereof, in particular through the central layer (20), and through which a coolant can flow or in which a sound-damping medium is enclosed.
22. Stock blade according to one or more of Claims 1 to 21, characterized in that the disc body (2) comprises in the central area thereof an assembly flange (10) and a central assembly opening (8).
23. Stock blade according to Claim 22, characterized in that the assembly flange (10) consists of plastics material and is integrally formed as a thickened projection with the disc body (2).
24. Stock blade according to Claim 22, characterized in that the assembly flange (10) is detachably connected, in particular screwed to the disc body (2) as a separate component.
25. Stock blade according to one or more of Claims 21 to 24, characterized in that the ducts (44) passing through the disc body (2) continue through the assembly flange (10) and merge into at least one supply opening (56) used for supplying coolant.
26. Stock blade according to one or more of Claims 21 to 25, characterized in that the ducts (44) open out in the outer peripheral area of the disc body (2) in the vicinity of segment slots (55).
27. Stock blade according to one or more of Claims 1 to 26, characterized in that the disc body (2) has a surface wear-protecting coating.
28. Method of producing a circular saw stock blade according to one or more of Claims 1 to 27, characterized in that firstly fibres (4) are disposed in at least approximately radial alignment - relative to the circular shape of the stock blade (1) - and distributed uniformly in layers over the periphery; and in that the fibres (4) are then embedded in a plastics material (6) whilst being shaped.
29. Method according to Claim 28, characterized in that firstly a first layer (16) of fibres (4) is deposited; in that subsequently a central layer (20), in particular a prefabricated filling member, is applied to this first fibre layer (16); in that then a second, similar fibre layer (18) is deposited; and in that all the layers are together embedded in the plastics material.
30. Method according to Claim 28 or 29, characterized in that the fibres (4) are deposited as continuous material by being wound around securing pins (50) distributed over the periphery and optionally at least one securing pin (52) disposed in the central area, the fibres being wound around the pins at a constant tensile stress.
31. Method according to one or more of Claims 28 to 30, characterized in that a plurality of fibre or winding layers is disposed superimposed in each fibre layer (16, 18).
32. Method according to one or more of Claims 28 to 31, characterized in that the layers (16, 18, 20) are embedded in the plastics material (6) by compression moulding or injection moulding.
33. Method according to one or more of Claims 28 to 32, characterized in that the fibres (4) continue to be secured by means of the securing pins (50, 52) whilst the fibres (4) are being embedded and whilst the plastics material (6) is hardening.
34. Method according to one or more of Claims 29 to 33, characterized in that the central layer (20) is provided with approximately radial ducts (44).
35. Method according to one or more of Claims 29 to 34, characterized in that the central layer (20) is cast or injection moulded from plastics material in particular simultaneously with the embedding of the fibre layers (16, 18), filling members corresponding to the shape of the ducts (44) previously being inserted and the filling members subsequently being removed from the central layer (20) in order to form the ducts (44).
36. Method according to claim 35, characterized in that a material is used for the filling members which melts under the effect of heat, the central layer or the stock blade being heated in order to remove the filling members and the latter being melted out as a result thereof.
37. Method according to Claim 25, characterized in that, for removal, the filling members are withdrawn from the central layer of the stock blade, the filling members preferably being surrounded before insertion with a separating agent preventing material connection with the plastics material.
38. Method according to one or more of Claims 28 to 37, characterized in that a surface wear-protecting coating is applied to the stock blade (1) after moulding.
39. Apparatus for producing a stock blade (1) according to one or more of Claims 1 to 27 or for performing the method according to one or more of Claims 28 to 38, comprising a plastics material pressing or injection moulding tool having a shape corresponding to the stock blade (1), characterized by a plurality of securing pins (50) distributed over the outer periphery of the tool.
40. Apparatus according to Claim 39, characterized by at least one additional securing pin (52) disposed in the central area.
41. Apparatus according to Claim 39 or 40, characterized by a depositing device, which is in particular program-controlled, for automatically winding a continuous fibre material (4) about the securing pins (50/52).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP91111714A EP0523260B1 (en) | 1991-07-13 | 1991-07-13 | Blade body of fibre reinforced plastic for circular saw blades or abrasive cutting wheels |
| DE91111714.1 | 1991-07-13 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2090725A1 true CA2090725A1 (en) | 1993-01-14 |
Family
ID=8206928
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002090725A Abandoned CA2090725A1 (en) | 1991-07-13 | 1992-06-11 | Central disc made of fibre-reinforced plastic for circular-saw blades and/or abrasive cutters |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0523260B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH06501428A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR930702107A (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE118708T1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2090725A1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE59104715D1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1993001016A1 (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA925162B (en) |
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| CN103586536A (en) * | 2013-11-11 | 2014-02-19 | 周敏 | Saw blade |
| US20160158856A1 (en) * | 2013-08-30 | 2016-06-09 | Wikus-Saegenfabrik Wilhelm H. Kullmann Gmbh & Co. Kg | CFRP Saw Blade |
| CN109277639A (en) * | 2018-11-14 | 2019-01-29 | 黑旋风锯业股份有限公司 | Bonded composite silencing saw blade matrix and manufacturing method thereof |
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| AT397781B (en) * | 1992-03-09 | 1994-06-27 | Swarovski Tyrolit Schleif | GRINDING WHEEL |
| JP3178773B2 (en) * | 1994-02-23 | 2001-06-25 | シャープ株式会社 | Liquid crystal display device and method of manufacturing the same |
| PT1053079E (en) * | 1998-02-04 | 2003-03-31 | Unicorn Abrasives Ltd | MOOR WHEEL |
| IT1306051B1 (en) * | 1998-05-26 | 2001-05-29 | Vittorio Pareti | ANTI-VIBRATION SHEET FOR CUTTING DISCS |
| US6513175B2 (en) | 2000-11-16 | 2003-02-04 | Italo Bertoni | Below-deck solar blanket roller assembly |
| LU91502B1 (en) * | 2008-11-27 | 2010-05-28 | Finus S A H | Circular saw blade |
| JP5272249B2 (en) * | 2009-05-07 | 2013-08-28 | 平和産業株式会社 | Metal saw for curve cutting, its processing method and processing equipment |
| CN103551667B (en) * | 2013-10-31 | 2016-05-18 | 昆山兼房高科技刀具有限公司 | Has the manufacture method of the annular saw of cutting blade cutter head |
| CN103551665A (en) * | 2013-11-11 | 2014-02-05 | 周敏 | Saw web |
| EP3426427B1 (en) * | 2016-03-03 | 2022-04-20 | Husqvarna AB | A spacer structure for a saw disc assembly and a saw disc assembly |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3619152A (en) * | 1969-09-16 | 1971-11-09 | Tetrahedron Associates | Cutting tool with boron filament composite |
| DE2740891C3 (en) * | 1977-09-10 | 1980-11-13 | Ernst 8909 Niederraunau Spielvogel | Peripheral grinding wheel |
| DE8811470U1 (en) * | 1988-08-27 | 1988-11-17 | Ernst Winter & Sohn (Gmbh & Co), 2000 Hamburg | saw |
-
1991
- 1991-07-13 AT AT91111714T patent/ATE118708T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-07-13 DE DE59104715T patent/DE59104715D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-07-13 EP EP91111714A patent/EP0523260B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1992
- 1992-06-11 CA CA002090725A patent/CA2090725A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1992-06-11 WO PCT/EP1992/001309 patent/WO1993001016A1/en active Application Filing
- 1992-06-11 JP JP5501908A patent/JPH06501428A/en active Pending
- 1992-07-10 ZA ZA925162A patent/ZA925162B/en unknown
-
1993
- 1993-03-12 KR KR1019930700761A patent/KR930702107A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20160158856A1 (en) * | 2013-08-30 | 2016-06-09 | Wikus-Saegenfabrik Wilhelm H. Kullmann Gmbh & Co. Kg | CFRP Saw Blade |
| CN103586537A (en) * | 2013-11-06 | 2014-02-19 | 黑旋风锯业股份有限公司 | Nonmetal-base block combined type saw web matrix |
| CN103586537B (en) * | 2013-11-06 | 2017-02-15 | 黑旋风锯业股份有限公司 | Nonmetal-base block combined type saw web matrix |
| CN103586536A (en) * | 2013-11-11 | 2014-02-19 | 周敏 | Saw blade |
| CN109277639A (en) * | 2018-11-14 | 2019-01-29 | 黑旋风锯业股份有限公司 | Bonded composite silencing saw blade matrix and manufacturing method thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ATE118708T1 (en) | 1995-03-15 |
| KR930702107A (en) | 1993-09-08 |
| JPH06501428A (en) | 1994-02-17 |
| ZA925162B (en) | 1993-03-31 |
| WO1993001016A1 (en) | 1993-01-21 |
| DE59104715D1 (en) | 1995-03-30 |
| EP0523260B1 (en) | 1995-02-22 |
| EP0523260A1 (en) | 1993-01-20 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FZDE | Discontinued |