CA1214370A - Enteral feeding tube - Google Patents
Enteral feeding tubeInfo
- Publication number
- CA1214370A CA1214370A CA000438937A CA438937A CA1214370A CA 1214370 A CA1214370 A CA 1214370A CA 000438937 A CA000438937 A CA 000438937A CA 438937 A CA438937 A CA 438937A CA 1214370 A CA1214370 A CA 1214370A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- head
- bolus
- polyurethane
- tube
- molded
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
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- Infusion, Injection, And Reservoir Apparatuses (AREA)
- Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
Abstract
ENTERAL FEEDING TUBE
Abstract of the Disclosure An improved enteral feeding tube utilizes a column of tungsten powder in a polyurethane tube.
Abstract of the Disclosure An improved enteral feeding tube utilizes a column of tungsten powder in a polyurethane tube.
Description
3~
ENTERAL FEEDING TUBE
Technical Field and Prior Art . ~
This application relates to an enteral feeding tube for typically long term enteral feeding of the patients with special preparations which involve little digestion.
Many patients who have diseases or injuries of the digestive tract are placed on such an enteral feeding program with the tube being implanted through the mouth into the digestive tract. Typical enteral feeding tubes which are known to the art are flexible tubes which carry side ports at one end and an adapter for connection to a nutrient source at the other end. Beyond the side ports at the actual first end of the enteral tube is a so-called "bolus" of heavy material encapsulated in a plastic to provide weight to the ported end of the enteral feeding tube which facilitates advancement of the tube through the digestive tract.
In the prior art the weight has been provided by a bolus of mercury encapsulated in a plastic tube. As further alternates, available enteral feeding tubes carry beads of tungsten or a column of separate cylinders of tungsten, encapsulated in plastic as the bolus. Also in U.S. Patent No. 4,182,342 it has been suggested to incorporate tungsten as a filler into silicone rubber and to mold that into a bolus for an enteral feeding tube of the overall design described above.
Each of the above designs exhibit certain disadvantages. It is generally desirable for the bolus-containing tip of an enteral feeding tube to have maximum flexibility, which may be provided by a - mercury-filled tube. Nevertheless, there is always the risk of the tube rupturing or separating, and it is, of course, exceedingly undesirable for the toxic mercury to be spilled in the patient's digestive tract.
Tungsten beads and the separate column of tungsten cylinders can provide flexibility to the bolus, but generally the flexibility is less than that optimally desired.
Finally, when tungsten is milled into a plastic such as silicone rubber, the physical properties of the silicone rubber are greatly weakened, and the silicone rubber is stiffened so that here also both the strength and the flexibility of the bolus tip is less than desirable. Also, tungsten is very close to the surface of this type of bolus tip, and is not separated by a barrier of plastic material. It is generally deemed undesirable for the tungsten to be in direct contact with the body.
In accordance with this invention, the above disadvantages are eliminated. A flexible, strong enteral feeding tube having a bolus tip is provided with reduced rupturing danger and with the highest flexibility, comparable with that of a column of mercury, while retaining high strength and reliability.
Summary of the Invention Various aspects of the invention are as follows:
In an enteral feeding tube which comprises flexible tubing terminating at one end in a molded head, said molded head defining molded side ports providing communication between the bore of the tubing and the exterior, and a bolus member extending from said head outwardly to the end of said feeding tube, said bolus member comprising a flexible, sealed tube carrying in its bore a column of finely divided tungsten powder.
In an enteral feeding tube which comprises flexible polyurethane tubing terminating at one end in a molded head, said molded head being made of polyurethane and defining molded side ports providing communicating between the bore of the tubing and the exterior, and a polyurethane bolus member extending from said head outwardly to the end of said feeding tube, said bolus member comprising a flexible, sealed tube carrying in its bore a column of finely divided tungsten powder , ~
having an average particle size of no more than lO0 microns, said polyurethane of the molded head including from 2 to 5 percent by weight of a silicone fluid of dimethylsiloxane units but containing from 20 to 50 mole percent of phenyl-containing siloxane units to impart lubricity plus clarity to the polyurethane molded head material.
The method of making a head and bolus for an enteral feeding tube which comprises molding said head and the eyelets therein and integrally molding therewith an open ended tube for receiving finely divided metal powder at end of said head while simultaneously molding a port to receive a flexible tubing in sealed relation thereto at the other end of said head, with said end port and side ports being in communication with each other; filling said bolus tube with finely divided metal; and sealing the open end of said bolus tube by a heat sealing technique.
Description of the Invention Ir. this invention an enteral feeding tube is disclosed which comprises flexible, preferably polyurethane, tubing terminating at one end in a molded head. The molded head defines molded side ports providing communication between the bore of the tubing and the exterior. A bolus member extends from the side ports outwardly to the end of the feeding tube. The bolus member comprises a flexible, sealed, preferably polyurethane tube carrying in its bore a column of finely divided tungsten powder preferably having an average particle size on the order of ~0 to 80 microns and typically with a particle siæe up to 100 microns or so .
~ `
The preferably polyur~thane bolus member can have the high strength and durabilit~ that a good polyurethane formulation can provide to the tubular bolus member, while the column of finely divided tungsten powder within the tubular bolus exhibits the high flexibility on the order of that available with mercury, for example, but with less toxic risk. In particular the physical characteristics of the bolus as designed in this invention are much stronger and more durable than a tungsten powder-filled silicone rubber or for that matter a tungsten powder-filled polyurethane material, if such were known to the art. At the same time, there is greater flexibility of the bolus than the designs incorporating encapsulated tungsten beads or cylinders. Furthermore, the molded head of this invention can be used to provide a sturdier construction, avoiding collapsibility of side ports and the like as has been a problem with the present commercially available enteral feeding tubes which have punched side ports in the tubing.
Likewise, the polyurethane, which is preferable over silicone and other materials for use in making the bolus and the molded head, is a thermoplastic material and thus can be easily and rapidly molded. Silicone rubber is, of course, a cross linking material and thus requires a curing step as well as a molding step, and thereafter is not thermoplastic.
As a further advantage, the flexible tube and the bolus member can be simultaneously molded as a single piece, followed by filling of the tungsten into the flexible tube and heat sealing of the end in a die. This, of course, would not be practical with thermoset silicone rubber.
The molded head may be made of a polyurethane formulation which includes from 2 to 5 percent by weight 7~
of a silicone fluid of dimethylsiloxane uni~s, but contain;ng about 20 to 50 mole percent o~
phenyl-containing siloxane units, to impart lubricity to the part for mold removal and the like, plus clarity to the polyurethane molded head material. As is disclosed in U.S. Patent Nos. 4,146,731 and 4,289,859, phenyl containing silicone fluids can be utilized as lubricating agentC in vinylic polymers, for example a mixture of Kraton*G sold by the Shell Chemical Company and an EVA
thermoplastic, where the phenyl silicone material is selected to essentially match the refractive index of the other ingredients in order to get clarity as well a~ good release and lubricating properties to the material.
-~ As a result of this, a clear bolus and head may be provided, with encapsulated, powdered tungsten metal providing the desired front end weight for an enteral feeding tube, with sturdy, noncollapsible side ports for improved use of the feeding tube.
Descri~tion of the Drawings Referring to the drawing, Figure 1 is a perspective view of an enteral feeding tube, with a portion taken in section.
Description of Specific Embodiment Referring to the drawings, Figure 1 shows an enteral feeding tube 10 which comprises polyurethane tubing 12 which may have a barium sulfate filler so that the tubing is white. At the distal end of set 10 an adapter 14 is provided, being of generally conventional design to permit connection with a source of enteral feeding. Adapter 14 carries connector 16 of known structure which, in turn, can connect with a stylet guide wire 17, which is removed and replaced with a source of enteral feeding solution *trademark after implantation of tube 10. Connector 16 can mate with a syringe to aspirate gastric juices.
Cap 18 may be provided for closing and sealing of the distal end of feeding tube 10.
Sliding marker member 20 can also be provided as a variable indicator of depth of penetration of the enteral feeding tube. Permanent markers 22 may also be placed on tube 12 so that the user may have a good judge of the distance of penetration of tube 12 into the patient's digestive ystem. For example marXer 22 may be po~itioned 32 inches from ~he proximal end of feeding tube 10.
Head member 24 may be made of molded polyurethane ; plastic and may carry molded side ports or eyele~s 26 which provide communication between the bore 28 of tubing 12 and the exterior so that enteral feeding solution can pass into the digestive tract of the patient. The molded structure of head 24 can provide a sturdier structure defining eyelets 26 so that they do not collapse under pressure and provide better, more sturdy, and durable functioning than the previous punched eyelet structures of the prior art. The polyurethane formulation from which head 24 is made may comprise primarily a polyurethane formulation sold as Tecoflex*EG80A by Thermo Electron Corporation of Waltham, Massachusetts. This material is a soft polyurethane which exhibits certain difficulties per se in injection molding, in that it remains quite sticky until some period after molding when it has crystalized, after which it is a tough, highly flexible, less tacky material. Accordingly, about 8 to 10 percent of an optically compatible hard polyurethane (for example T~coflex EG60D) may be added to the formulation. Thus the formulation remains clear and also flexible~ Also about 3.5 percent of a silicone fluid may be added (General Electric SF 1154) which consists primarily of * trademark dimethylsiloxane units but also contains 35 to 40 mole percent of phenyl-containing siloxane units, for example phenylmethylsiloxane or diphenylsiloxane units.
This material can be injection molded and quickly removed from the mold without significant tack and mold adhesion problems, for low cost production. At the same time it is very strong and can be clear due to the clarifying effect of the phenyl-containing silicone which can be selected to have an index of refraction approximating the index of refraction of the polyurethane formulation.
Bolus member 30 may also be made of a polyurethane formulation and, if desired, may be an integral part of head 24, being simultaneously molded therewith out of the same material. The outer end 32 of bolus tube 30 may be molded in the open configuration. Bolus tube 30 may then be filled with tungsten powder, for example GTE-Sylvania tungsten powder of type SD-351 in which most particles range from 44-74 microns. Following this, end 32 of bolus tube 30 can be sealed by insertion into a hot die, or a die heated by magnetic induction, having a curved end to close and heat seal the end of bolus 30. Head 24 may then be sealed by solvent or other desired technique to the distal end of polyurethane tubing 12 in the assembly operation for enteral feeding set 10.
If desired, bolus member 30 may be a separate tube which is sealed at one end, filled with tungsten powder 34, and thereafter attached at its open end by appropriate solvent or heat sealing to head 24.
Thus by this invention an improved enteral feeding tube is provided in which the bolus member 30 may have improved flexibility over many of the examples of the prior art, while obtaining the advantage of the high 7 ~ 3'^~
strength and good propertiés that can be obtained with unfilled polyurethane surroundin~ a column of tungsten powder. The flexibility is better than or equal to the best of the prior art, while the risks of mercury spillage and residual toxicity by exposure of tungsten on the surface of the bolus 30 is eliminated. Furthermore, the molded polyurethane head of this invention can exhibit better characteristics and greater resistance to collapse.
The above has been offered for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to limit the scope of this invention, which is as defined in the claims below.
ENTERAL FEEDING TUBE
Technical Field and Prior Art . ~
This application relates to an enteral feeding tube for typically long term enteral feeding of the patients with special preparations which involve little digestion.
Many patients who have diseases or injuries of the digestive tract are placed on such an enteral feeding program with the tube being implanted through the mouth into the digestive tract. Typical enteral feeding tubes which are known to the art are flexible tubes which carry side ports at one end and an adapter for connection to a nutrient source at the other end. Beyond the side ports at the actual first end of the enteral tube is a so-called "bolus" of heavy material encapsulated in a plastic to provide weight to the ported end of the enteral feeding tube which facilitates advancement of the tube through the digestive tract.
In the prior art the weight has been provided by a bolus of mercury encapsulated in a plastic tube. As further alternates, available enteral feeding tubes carry beads of tungsten or a column of separate cylinders of tungsten, encapsulated in plastic as the bolus. Also in U.S. Patent No. 4,182,342 it has been suggested to incorporate tungsten as a filler into silicone rubber and to mold that into a bolus for an enteral feeding tube of the overall design described above.
Each of the above designs exhibit certain disadvantages. It is generally desirable for the bolus-containing tip of an enteral feeding tube to have maximum flexibility, which may be provided by a - mercury-filled tube. Nevertheless, there is always the risk of the tube rupturing or separating, and it is, of course, exceedingly undesirable for the toxic mercury to be spilled in the patient's digestive tract.
Tungsten beads and the separate column of tungsten cylinders can provide flexibility to the bolus, but generally the flexibility is less than that optimally desired.
Finally, when tungsten is milled into a plastic such as silicone rubber, the physical properties of the silicone rubber are greatly weakened, and the silicone rubber is stiffened so that here also both the strength and the flexibility of the bolus tip is less than desirable. Also, tungsten is very close to the surface of this type of bolus tip, and is not separated by a barrier of plastic material. It is generally deemed undesirable for the tungsten to be in direct contact with the body.
In accordance with this invention, the above disadvantages are eliminated. A flexible, strong enteral feeding tube having a bolus tip is provided with reduced rupturing danger and with the highest flexibility, comparable with that of a column of mercury, while retaining high strength and reliability.
Summary of the Invention Various aspects of the invention are as follows:
In an enteral feeding tube which comprises flexible tubing terminating at one end in a molded head, said molded head defining molded side ports providing communication between the bore of the tubing and the exterior, and a bolus member extending from said head outwardly to the end of said feeding tube, said bolus member comprising a flexible, sealed tube carrying in its bore a column of finely divided tungsten powder.
In an enteral feeding tube which comprises flexible polyurethane tubing terminating at one end in a molded head, said molded head being made of polyurethane and defining molded side ports providing communicating between the bore of the tubing and the exterior, and a polyurethane bolus member extending from said head outwardly to the end of said feeding tube, said bolus member comprising a flexible, sealed tube carrying in its bore a column of finely divided tungsten powder , ~
having an average particle size of no more than lO0 microns, said polyurethane of the molded head including from 2 to 5 percent by weight of a silicone fluid of dimethylsiloxane units but containing from 20 to 50 mole percent of phenyl-containing siloxane units to impart lubricity plus clarity to the polyurethane molded head material.
The method of making a head and bolus for an enteral feeding tube which comprises molding said head and the eyelets therein and integrally molding therewith an open ended tube for receiving finely divided metal powder at end of said head while simultaneously molding a port to receive a flexible tubing in sealed relation thereto at the other end of said head, with said end port and side ports being in communication with each other; filling said bolus tube with finely divided metal; and sealing the open end of said bolus tube by a heat sealing technique.
Description of the Invention Ir. this invention an enteral feeding tube is disclosed which comprises flexible, preferably polyurethane, tubing terminating at one end in a molded head. The molded head defines molded side ports providing communication between the bore of the tubing and the exterior. A bolus member extends from the side ports outwardly to the end of the feeding tube. The bolus member comprises a flexible, sealed, preferably polyurethane tube carrying in its bore a column of finely divided tungsten powder preferably having an average particle size on the order of ~0 to 80 microns and typically with a particle siæe up to 100 microns or so .
~ `
The preferably polyur~thane bolus member can have the high strength and durabilit~ that a good polyurethane formulation can provide to the tubular bolus member, while the column of finely divided tungsten powder within the tubular bolus exhibits the high flexibility on the order of that available with mercury, for example, but with less toxic risk. In particular the physical characteristics of the bolus as designed in this invention are much stronger and more durable than a tungsten powder-filled silicone rubber or for that matter a tungsten powder-filled polyurethane material, if such were known to the art. At the same time, there is greater flexibility of the bolus than the designs incorporating encapsulated tungsten beads or cylinders. Furthermore, the molded head of this invention can be used to provide a sturdier construction, avoiding collapsibility of side ports and the like as has been a problem with the present commercially available enteral feeding tubes which have punched side ports in the tubing.
Likewise, the polyurethane, which is preferable over silicone and other materials for use in making the bolus and the molded head, is a thermoplastic material and thus can be easily and rapidly molded. Silicone rubber is, of course, a cross linking material and thus requires a curing step as well as a molding step, and thereafter is not thermoplastic.
As a further advantage, the flexible tube and the bolus member can be simultaneously molded as a single piece, followed by filling of the tungsten into the flexible tube and heat sealing of the end in a die. This, of course, would not be practical with thermoset silicone rubber.
The molded head may be made of a polyurethane formulation which includes from 2 to 5 percent by weight 7~
of a silicone fluid of dimethylsiloxane uni~s, but contain;ng about 20 to 50 mole percent o~
phenyl-containing siloxane units, to impart lubricity to the part for mold removal and the like, plus clarity to the polyurethane molded head material. As is disclosed in U.S. Patent Nos. 4,146,731 and 4,289,859, phenyl containing silicone fluids can be utilized as lubricating agentC in vinylic polymers, for example a mixture of Kraton*G sold by the Shell Chemical Company and an EVA
thermoplastic, where the phenyl silicone material is selected to essentially match the refractive index of the other ingredients in order to get clarity as well a~ good release and lubricating properties to the material.
-~ As a result of this, a clear bolus and head may be provided, with encapsulated, powdered tungsten metal providing the desired front end weight for an enteral feeding tube, with sturdy, noncollapsible side ports for improved use of the feeding tube.
Descri~tion of the Drawings Referring to the drawing, Figure 1 is a perspective view of an enteral feeding tube, with a portion taken in section.
Description of Specific Embodiment Referring to the drawings, Figure 1 shows an enteral feeding tube 10 which comprises polyurethane tubing 12 which may have a barium sulfate filler so that the tubing is white. At the distal end of set 10 an adapter 14 is provided, being of generally conventional design to permit connection with a source of enteral feeding. Adapter 14 carries connector 16 of known structure which, in turn, can connect with a stylet guide wire 17, which is removed and replaced with a source of enteral feeding solution *trademark after implantation of tube 10. Connector 16 can mate with a syringe to aspirate gastric juices.
Cap 18 may be provided for closing and sealing of the distal end of feeding tube 10.
Sliding marker member 20 can also be provided as a variable indicator of depth of penetration of the enteral feeding tube. Permanent markers 22 may also be placed on tube 12 so that the user may have a good judge of the distance of penetration of tube 12 into the patient's digestive ystem. For example marXer 22 may be po~itioned 32 inches from ~he proximal end of feeding tube 10.
Head member 24 may be made of molded polyurethane ; plastic and may carry molded side ports or eyele~s 26 which provide communication between the bore 28 of tubing 12 and the exterior so that enteral feeding solution can pass into the digestive tract of the patient. The molded structure of head 24 can provide a sturdier structure defining eyelets 26 so that they do not collapse under pressure and provide better, more sturdy, and durable functioning than the previous punched eyelet structures of the prior art. The polyurethane formulation from which head 24 is made may comprise primarily a polyurethane formulation sold as Tecoflex*EG80A by Thermo Electron Corporation of Waltham, Massachusetts. This material is a soft polyurethane which exhibits certain difficulties per se in injection molding, in that it remains quite sticky until some period after molding when it has crystalized, after which it is a tough, highly flexible, less tacky material. Accordingly, about 8 to 10 percent of an optically compatible hard polyurethane (for example T~coflex EG60D) may be added to the formulation. Thus the formulation remains clear and also flexible~ Also about 3.5 percent of a silicone fluid may be added (General Electric SF 1154) which consists primarily of * trademark dimethylsiloxane units but also contains 35 to 40 mole percent of phenyl-containing siloxane units, for example phenylmethylsiloxane or diphenylsiloxane units.
This material can be injection molded and quickly removed from the mold without significant tack and mold adhesion problems, for low cost production. At the same time it is very strong and can be clear due to the clarifying effect of the phenyl-containing silicone which can be selected to have an index of refraction approximating the index of refraction of the polyurethane formulation.
Bolus member 30 may also be made of a polyurethane formulation and, if desired, may be an integral part of head 24, being simultaneously molded therewith out of the same material. The outer end 32 of bolus tube 30 may be molded in the open configuration. Bolus tube 30 may then be filled with tungsten powder, for example GTE-Sylvania tungsten powder of type SD-351 in which most particles range from 44-74 microns. Following this, end 32 of bolus tube 30 can be sealed by insertion into a hot die, or a die heated by magnetic induction, having a curved end to close and heat seal the end of bolus 30. Head 24 may then be sealed by solvent or other desired technique to the distal end of polyurethane tubing 12 in the assembly operation for enteral feeding set 10.
If desired, bolus member 30 may be a separate tube which is sealed at one end, filled with tungsten powder 34, and thereafter attached at its open end by appropriate solvent or heat sealing to head 24.
Thus by this invention an improved enteral feeding tube is provided in which the bolus member 30 may have improved flexibility over many of the examples of the prior art, while obtaining the advantage of the high 7 ~ 3'^~
strength and good propertiés that can be obtained with unfilled polyurethane surroundin~ a column of tungsten powder. The flexibility is better than or equal to the best of the prior art, while the risks of mercury spillage and residual toxicity by exposure of tungsten on the surface of the bolus 30 is eliminated. Furthermore, the molded polyurethane head of this invention can exhibit better characteristics and greater resistance to collapse.
The above has been offered for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to limit the scope of this invention, which is as defined in the claims below.
Claims (9)
1. In an enteral feeding tube which comprises flexible tubing terminating at one end in a molded head, said molded head defining molded side ports providing communication between the bore of the tubing and the exterior, and a bolus member extending from said head outwardly to the end of said feeding tube, said bolus member comprising a flexible, sealed tube carrying in its bore a column of finely divided tungsten powder.
2. The enteral feeding tube of Claim 1 in which said molded head is made of polyurethane including from 2 to 5 percent by weight of a silicone fluid of dimethylsiloxane units but containing 20 to 50 mol percent of phenyl-containing siloxane units, to impart lubricity plus clarity to the polyurethane molded head material.
3. The enteral feeding tube of Claim 1 in which said tubing, said molded head, and said bolus member are made of polyurethane.
4. The enteral feeding tube of Claim 1 in which said tungsten powder has an average particle size of no more than 100 microns.
5. In an enteral feeding tube which comprises flexible polyurethane tubing terminating at one end in a molded head, said molded head being made of polyurethane and defining molded side ports providing communicating between the bore of the tubing and the exterior, and a polyurethane bolus member extending from said head outwardly to the end of said feeding tube, said bolus member comprising a flexible, sealed tube carrying in its bore a column of finely divided tungsten powder having an average particle size of no more than 100 microns, said polyurethane of the molded head including from 2 to 5 percent by weight of a silicone fluid of dimethylsiloxane units but containing from 20 to 50 mole percent of phenyl-containing siloxane units to impart lubricity plus clarity to the polyurethane molded head material.
6. The method of making a head and bolus for an enteral feeding tube which comprises molding said head and the eyelets therein and integrally molding therewith an open ended tube for receiving finely divided metal powder at end of said head while simultaneously molding a port to receive a flexible tubing in sealed relation thereto at the other end of said head, with said end port and side ports being in communication with each other; filling said bolus tube with finely divided metal; and sealing the open end of said bolus tube by a heat sealing technique.
7. The method of Claim 6 in which said head and bolus tube are made of a flexible thermoplastic polyurethane.
8. The method of Claim 7 in which said polyurethane plastic contains from 2 to 5 percent by weight of a silicone fluid of dimethylsiloxane units but containing 20 to 50 mole percent of phenyl-containing siloxane units to impart lubricity plus clarity to the polyurethane molded head and bolus tube material.
9. The method of Claim 6 in which said finely divided metal powder is tungsten.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US43557582A | 1982-10-19 | 1982-10-19 | |
| US435,575 | 1982-10-19 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1214370A true CA1214370A (en) | 1986-11-25 |
Family
ID=23728945
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000438937A Expired CA1214370A (en) | 1982-10-19 | 1983-10-13 | Enteral feeding tube |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS59131365A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1214370A (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6211441A (en) * | 1985-07-10 | 1987-01-20 | 富士システムズ株式会社 | Body inserting tube for laser operation |
-
1983
- 1983-10-07 JP JP58189128A patent/JPS59131365A/en active Pending
- 1983-10-13 CA CA000438937A patent/CA1214370A/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS59131365A (en) | 1984-07-28 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |