CA1135781A - High-pressure mercury discharge lamp - Google Patents
High-pressure mercury discharge lampInfo
- Publication number
- CA1135781A CA1135781A CA000346175A CA346175A CA1135781A CA 1135781 A CA1135781 A CA 1135781A CA 000346175 A CA000346175 A CA 000346175A CA 346175 A CA346175 A CA 346175A CA 1135781 A CA1135781 A CA 1135781A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- metal
- pinch seal
- lamp
- pressure mercury
- foil
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
- H01J61/02—Details
- H01J61/36—Seals between parts of vessels; Seals for leading-in conductors; Leading-in conductors
- H01J61/366—Seals for leading-in conductors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J5/00—Details relating to vessels or to leading-in conductors common to two or more basic types of discharge tubes or lamps
- H01J5/46—Leading-in conductors
Landscapes
- Vessels And Coating Films For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
- Discharge Lamps And Accessories Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT:
High-pressure mercury discharge lamps with metal halide addition often reach the end of life prematurely as a result of leakage of the pinch seal. According to the invention this is prevented by coating a metal foil which is incorporated as a current lead-through conductor in a pinch seal with a layer of a second metal which is Ti, Y, La, Sc and Hf. If a part of an external current conductor situated in the pinch seal is also formed, at least at its surface, from one of the said second metals, it prevents alkali metals escaping from the filling inside the discharge vessel.
High-pressure mercury discharge lamps with metal halide addition often reach the end of life prematurely as a result of leakage of the pinch seal. According to the invention this is prevented by coating a metal foil which is incorporated as a current lead-through conductor in a pinch seal with a layer of a second metal which is Ti, Y, La, Sc and Hf. If a part of an external current conductor situated in the pinch seal is also formed, at least at its surface, from one of the said second metals, it prevents alkali metals escaping from the filling inside the discharge vessel.
Description
5~
.~
24-og-l979 l PIIN 93~2 High-pressure mercury discharge lamp.
The invention reLa-tes to a high-press-ure rnercury discharge larnp having a selead vacuum-tight quart~ glass discharge vessel with a pinch seal, in which pinch seal a metal foil coated with a layer of a second metal is in-corporated, which foil is connected to an internal currentconductor secured to an electrode located inside the discharge vessel and to an external curren-t conductor, which discharge vessel contains a filling comprising mer-cury, rare gas and me-tal halides.
1~ Such a lamp is disclosed in United Kingdom Patent Specification 1,521,129. In the known lamp a molybdenum foil is prssent in -the pinch seal and is coated with a layer of tungsten. The tungsten coating is provided be-cause it is believed that metal halides are liable to penetrate into the pinch seal and to a-ttack the molybdenum foil, so destroying -the adhesion of -the quartz glass to --- ^ the molybdenum foil. A 2/um thick tungsten layer on -the foil has been proposed for -the purpose of preven-ting or mitigating attack of the foil. The tungsten layer would
.~
24-og-l979 l PIIN 93~2 High-pressure mercury discharge lamp.
The invention reLa-tes to a high-press-ure rnercury discharge larnp having a selead vacuum-tight quart~ glass discharge vessel with a pinch seal, in which pinch seal a metal foil coated with a layer of a second metal is in-corporated, which foil is connected to an internal currentconductor secured to an electrode located inside the discharge vessel and to an external curren-t conductor, which discharge vessel contains a filling comprising mer-cury, rare gas and me-tal halides.
1~ Such a lamp is disclosed in United Kingdom Patent Specification 1,521,129. In the known lamp a molybdenum foil is prssent in -the pinch seal and is coated with a layer of tungsten. The tungsten coating is provided be-cause it is believed that metal halides are liable to penetrate into the pinch seal and to a-ttack the molybdenum foil, so destroying -the adhesion of -the quartz glass to --- ^ the molybdenum foil. A 2/um thick tungsten layer on -the foil has been proposed for -the purpose of preven-ting or mitigating attack of the foil. The tungsten layer would
2~ preferably be up to -ten or more /um -thick, provided the overall thickness of -the foil does no-t impede -the forma-tion o~ a vacuum-tight pinch.
Durin~ the investigations which led to the in-vention, it was found tha-t -the coating of molybdenum foils with twngsten did no-t constitu-te an entirely re-liable means of preventing the premature failure of high-pressure Mercury lamp 8 containing a me-tal halide in the lamp filling.
It i8 the object of -the invention to provide metal halide-containing high-pressure mercury lamps in which the gas ti~rhtness of the pinch seal is improved.
This object is achieved in high-pressure mercury lamps of the kind mentioned in the opening paragrraph in .
~13~73~ -2'~-09-1979 2 PH~ ~62 - that the metal f`oil i3 coated wi-th a second metal which is selected from the group consisting of Ta, Nb, V, Cr, Zr, Ti, Y, La, Sc and Hf.
When such coated foils are used,the cconomical life oP the lamp is determined by the reduction of the luminous e~ficiency as a result of the formation of blackening on -the wall of the lamp envelope.
The in-vention is base~ on a hypothesis which will be e.Yplained below.
The pinch seal of a high-pressure mercury dis-charge lamp, immediately after its manufacture, is vacuum-tight over the part of the length of -the metal foil situated between the end of -the internal current conduc-tor and -the end of the external current conductor. A
capillary duct extends around the -two current conductors in the pinch seal. Components from the filling of the lamp envelcpe can pene-trate through the duct around the internal current conductor to the foil in the pinch, and constituents from the atmosphere surrounding the lamp envelope can penetrate to the foil in the pinch through the duct around the external current conductor.
Both molybdenum foils and tungsten foils enter into consideration to be used as me-tal foils in pinch seals. Both materials natural oxide skins which is impor-tant for producing good adhesion be-tween quartz glass and the foil.
High-pressure mercury lamps with metal halides comprise one or more alkali me-tals, for example sodium and lithiurn, and one or more other me-tals, for example indiurn, thallium, scandium, cadmium, zinc, lead and tin, from group IIB, IIIA, IIIB and IVB of the periodic table.
~ ccording to the hypo-thesis underlying the in-vention the following reac-tions may occur in the pinch seal:
2SiO2 + M02 + I~NaX--~~2Na2SiO3 + Mo~
MoXL~ + 4In ~ Mo ~ ~InY (2)~
where X is a halogen. Herein Na is a representative of ~35~
24-O9-1979 3 PH~ 9362 the alkali metals, In is a representative of the o-ther metals and X is, for e.Yample iodine. The equilibrium (1) is situated strongly to the left because the change of the free enthalpy is positive (~ G1 ~ ) The equilibrium (2), however, is situated very strongly to the right, because ~G2 ~ < Both reactions occur in the lamp be-cause ~ G1 + ~ G2 ~ Contrary to what is said in the above-mentioned United Kingdom Patent Specification, the effect of these reactions is not erosion of the molyb-denum foil, but a reduction of the oxide skin thereofwhich leads to reduced adhesion between the foil and the quartz glass, and leakage of the lamp envelope. Further-more, the reactions result in the formation of sodium silicate from which cristobalite i3 easily formed, a crystalline form o:E quartz having a low mechanical strength.
The formation of cristobalite may result in the pinch seal cracking.
It has been found that these reactions also occur, albeit thattheir deleterious effect on the gas-tightness of -the seal occurs more slowly, if the concentration of a metal such as indium in the gas mixture is very low, -- - for example, when excess halogen is presen-t-. In that case, free indium may be formed in the lamp by discharge of ions at the electrodes.
According to the invention, by separating the me-tal foil from the quartz glass by the interposition of a second metal, the occurrence of the r0action (1) is made impossible. ~owever, the second me-tal should have an oxide skin so as to produce a good adhesion to the quartz glaqs. In addition, the second metal should not enter into a reaction similar to reaction (1). The second metals used according -to the inven-tion consequently have such a s-table oxide that when using these metals ~ Gl ~ O and ~ G1 + ~ G2 ~ Tungsten does not fulfil this require-ment. The metal foils coatecl with a second metal need not be suhjec-ted to any specia:L trea-tment to form an o~ide skin thereon. The oxide skin is produced in the normal processes of manufac-turing a lamp, as is the case also 1~3~81 21~-O9-1979 L~ PH~- 936 in non-coated foils of` moLybdenum or tungsten.
Some of the metal halides used in high-pressure mercury discharge lamps are strongly hygroscopic. In order to avoid the introduction of water, therefore instead of the metal halide being in-troduced as such into the lamp the metal plus mercury halide is introduced into the lamp, and the metal halide is formed wi-th in the lamp envelope at an elevated temperature. However, it i5 then substan- .
tially imp~ssible to dose metal and halogen in the stoichiometric ratio.
Since in a lamp according to -the invention, a metal such as indium can no longer exert any detrimental effect on the adhesion of quartz glass to the metal foil, such metals can now be dosed in an excess with respect to halogen. The favourable effect thereof is that, once the lamp has been at a high temperature that is to say, once the lamp has been operated, no mercury halide is pre-sent in the lamp. It is kno-wn that very low partial pres-sures of a mercury halide increase the ignition voltage and the reignition voltage of a l,amp. The use of an excess of metal may also serve to prevent mercury halide being ~ ~ formed during the life of the lamp as a result of reac-tion of the filling of the lamp envelope wi-th cont a mina-tions from the wall thereo~.
In one aspect of the invention the part of the ex-ternal conductor present in the pinch seal consists at least at the surface of a metal selected from -the group consisting of Ta, Nb, V, Cr, Zr, Ti, Y, La, Sc and Hf. Of-course, it is possible to coat the part of the external cur-rent conductor projecting outside the lamp envelope with such a metal or to use an ex-ternal current conductor which consists entirely or for the part present in the pinch seal of one or more of the said metals. Generally, the tickness of the coating will be chosen to be at least O.Ol/um. The advantage of this embodimen-t is that allcali metal silicate formation around the external current conduc-tor is avoided.
It has in fact been found that alkali metals ( for example sodium and lithium) are capable ol` migrating along the 1~ 3 ~7 ~
25.9.1979 5 PHN 93~2 interface of the metal foil and the quartz glass to the external current conductor without impairillg the adhesion between the components of the seal. Although this migra-tion and the formation of the alkali metal S silicate does not resul-t in untightness of the pinch seal because a capillary space is already present around the external current conductor, these processes do withdraw alkali metal from the discharge vessel.
~onsequently, the colour of the discharge may vary during the life of the lamp.
It has surprisingly been found that very thin layer of second metal on the metal foil produce the desired effect. Generally, layers of the second metal are used which are from 0.01 to 0.2/um thick, 15 in particular from 0.05 - 0.1 /um thick.
The coating may be obtained inter alia by vapour deposition, sputtering, electrolysis, ion plating or chemical vapour deposition.
Layers of tantalum, niobium, vanadium or hafnium are preferably used. The said metals are super-ficially oxidized during the processing of the coated - - metal foils and external current conductors, without, in the case of thin layers; the oxidation of the coat-ing layer continuing easily down to the metal foil or the ex-ternal current conductor itself High~pressure mercury vapour discharge lamps with metal halide additions are nearly always accommodat-ed in a sealed vacuum-tight outer en-velope in which a vacuum prevails or in which a non-oxidizing gas is present.
Since attack of the pinch seal of the dis-charge ves 5 el does not occur only when the discharge vessel consists of fused silicon dioxide, but also when glasses having a silicon dioxide content of at least 95 % by weight are used, and the invention al-so applies thereto, ~uartz glass is to be understood to mean herein glass having a silicon dioxide content of at least 95 % by weight.
1 ~L3~71~L
25.~.1979 PHN 9362 An embodiment of a lamp according to the invention will now be described with reference to ` the ~xample, and to the drawing, in which:
Figure 1 is a side elevation of a high-pressure mercury discharge lamp according to the in-vention, and Figure 2 shows part of the discharge ves-sel and a pinch seal of the lamp shown in Figure 1, on an enlayed scale.
In Figure 1, a discharge lamp 1 includes a discharge vessel 10 disposed between current sup-ply conductors 2 and 3 in an outer envelope 4 which has a lamp cap 5. Current supply conductor 3 is sur-rounded by a ceramic tube 6. The discharge vessel 10 consists of quartz glass and is sealed by pinch seals 11 and 12 in which metal foils 13 and 14, respec-tively, are incorporated. Internal current conductors 15 and 16 are melded to the m0tal foils 13 and 14 respectively, and the foils 13 and 14 are also welded to external current conductors 19 and 20, respectively. Electrodes 17 and 18 accommodated in-side the lamp vessel are welded to the in-ternal cur-rent conductors 15 and 16.
In Figure 2, reference numeral 30 denotes a zone in the pinch seal 12 between the ends of the internal current conductor 16 and the external cur-rent conduc-tor 20 in which the pinch seal 12 is vacuum-tight throughout its width. Capillary spaces 31 and 32, respecti~ely extend around the internal current con-ductor 16 and around the external current conductor20. The external current conductor 20 can contact oxygen and moisture from the air and is oxidized over all its length immediately after the manu-facture of the pinch seal 12 while it is still at a high tcmperature. The external current conductor 20 consists o~ molybdenum. A par-t 33 of the external current conductor 20 which is situated in the pinch seal 12 and which may be in contact with the quart~
Durin~ the investigations which led to the in-vention, it was found tha-t -the coating of molybdenum foils with twngsten did no-t constitu-te an entirely re-liable means of preventing the premature failure of high-pressure Mercury lamp 8 containing a me-tal halide in the lamp filling.
It i8 the object of -the invention to provide metal halide-containing high-pressure mercury lamps in which the gas ti~rhtness of the pinch seal is improved.
This object is achieved in high-pressure mercury lamps of the kind mentioned in the opening paragrraph in .
~13~73~ -2'~-09-1979 2 PH~ ~62 - that the metal f`oil i3 coated wi-th a second metal which is selected from the group consisting of Ta, Nb, V, Cr, Zr, Ti, Y, La, Sc and Hf.
When such coated foils are used,the cconomical life oP the lamp is determined by the reduction of the luminous e~ficiency as a result of the formation of blackening on -the wall of the lamp envelope.
The in-vention is base~ on a hypothesis which will be e.Yplained below.
The pinch seal of a high-pressure mercury dis-charge lamp, immediately after its manufacture, is vacuum-tight over the part of the length of -the metal foil situated between the end of -the internal current conduc-tor and -the end of the external current conductor. A
capillary duct extends around the -two current conductors in the pinch seal. Components from the filling of the lamp envelcpe can pene-trate through the duct around the internal current conductor to the foil in the pinch, and constituents from the atmosphere surrounding the lamp envelope can penetrate to the foil in the pinch through the duct around the external current conductor.
Both molybdenum foils and tungsten foils enter into consideration to be used as me-tal foils in pinch seals. Both materials natural oxide skins which is impor-tant for producing good adhesion be-tween quartz glass and the foil.
High-pressure mercury lamps with metal halides comprise one or more alkali me-tals, for example sodium and lithiurn, and one or more other me-tals, for example indiurn, thallium, scandium, cadmium, zinc, lead and tin, from group IIB, IIIA, IIIB and IVB of the periodic table.
~ ccording to the hypo-thesis underlying the in-vention the following reac-tions may occur in the pinch seal:
2SiO2 + M02 + I~NaX--~~2Na2SiO3 + Mo~
MoXL~ + 4In ~ Mo ~ ~InY (2)~
where X is a halogen. Herein Na is a representative of ~35~
24-O9-1979 3 PH~ 9362 the alkali metals, In is a representative of the o-ther metals and X is, for e.Yample iodine. The equilibrium (1) is situated strongly to the left because the change of the free enthalpy is positive (~ G1 ~ ) The equilibrium (2), however, is situated very strongly to the right, because ~G2 ~ < Both reactions occur in the lamp be-cause ~ G1 + ~ G2 ~ Contrary to what is said in the above-mentioned United Kingdom Patent Specification, the effect of these reactions is not erosion of the molyb-denum foil, but a reduction of the oxide skin thereofwhich leads to reduced adhesion between the foil and the quartz glass, and leakage of the lamp envelope. Further-more, the reactions result in the formation of sodium silicate from which cristobalite i3 easily formed, a crystalline form o:E quartz having a low mechanical strength.
The formation of cristobalite may result in the pinch seal cracking.
It has been found that these reactions also occur, albeit thattheir deleterious effect on the gas-tightness of -the seal occurs more slowly, if the concentration of a metal such as indium in the gas mixture is very low, -- - for example, when excess halogen is presen-t-. In that case, free indium may be formed in the lamp by discharge of ions at the electrodes.
According to the invention, by separating the me-tal foil from the quartz glass by the interposition of a second metal, the occurrence of the r0action (1) is made impossible. ~owever, the second me-tal should have an oxide skin so as to produce a good adhesion to the quartz glaqs. In addition, the second metal should not enter into a reaction similar to reaction (1). The second metals used according -to the inven-tion consequently have such a s-table oxide that when using these metals ~ Gl ~ O and ~ G1 + ~ G2 ~ Tungsten does not fulfil this require-ment. The metal foils coatecl with a second metal need not be suhjec-ted to any specia:L trea-tment to form an o~ide skin thereon. The oxide skin is produced in the normal processes of manufac-turing a lamp, as is the case also 1~3~81 21~-O9-1979 L~ PH~- 936 in non-coated foils of` moLybdenum or tungsten.
Some of the metal halides used in high-pressure mercury discharge lamps are strongly hygroscopic. In order to avoid the introduction of water, therefore instead of the metal halide being in-troduced as such into the lamp the metal plus mercury halide is introduced into the lamp, and the metal halide is formed wi-th in the lamp envelope at an elevated temperature. However, it i5 then substan- .
tially imp~ssible to dose metal and halogen in the stoichiometric ratio.
Since in a lamp according to -the invention, a metal such as indium can no longer exert any detrimental effect on the adhesion of quartz glass to the metal foil, such metals can now be dosed in an excess with respect to halogen. The favourable effect thereof is that, once the lamp has been at a high temperature that is to say, once the lamp has been operated, no mercury halide is pre-sent in the lamp. It is kno-wn that very low partial pres-sures of a mercury halide increase the ignition voltage and the reignition voltage of a l,amp. The use of an excess of metal may also serve to prevent mercury halide being ~ ~ formed during the life of the lamp as a result of reac-tion of the filling of the lamp envelope wi-th cont a mina-tions from the wall thereo~.
In one aspect of the invention the part of the ex-ternal conductor present in the pinch seal consists at least at the surface of a metal selected from -the group consisting of Ta, Nb, V, Cr, Zr, Ti, Y, La, Sc and Hf. Of-course, it is possible to coat the part of the external cur-rent conductor projecting outside the lamp envelope with such a metal or to use an ex-ternal current conductor which consists entirely or for the part present in the pinch seal of one or more of the said metals. Generally, the tickness of the coating will be chosen to be at least O.Ol/um. The advantage of this embodimen-t is that allcali metal silicate formation around the external current conduc-tor is avoided.
It has in fact been found that alkali metals ( for example sodium and lithium) are capable ol` migrating along the 1~ 3 ~7 ~
25.9.1979 5 PHN 93~2 interface of the metal foil and the quartz glass to the external current conductor without impairillg the adhesion between the components of the seal. Although this migra-tion and the formation of the alkali metal S silicate does not resul-t in untightness of the pinch seal because a capillary space is already present around the external current conductor, these processes do withdraw alkali metal from the discharge vessel.
~onsequently, the colour of the discharge may vary during the life of the lamp.
It has surprisingly been found that very thin layer of second metal on the metal foil produce the desired effect. Generally, layers of the second metal are used which are from 0.01 to 0.2/um thick, 15 in particular from 0.05 - 0.1 /um thick.
The coating may be obtained inter alia by vapour deposition, sputtering, electrolysis, ion plating or chemical vapour deposition.
Layers of tantalum, niobium, vanadium or hafnium are preferably used. The said metals are super-ficially oxidized during the processing of the coated - - metal foils and external current conductors, without, in the case of thin layers; the oxidation of the coat-ing layer continuing easily down to the metal foil or the ex-ternal current conductor itself High~pressure mercury vapour discharge lamps with metal halide additions are nearly always accommodat-ed in a sealed vacuum-tight outer en-velope in which a vacuum prevails or in which a non-oxidizing gas is present.
Since attack of the pinch seal of the dis-charge ves 5 el does not occur only when the discharge vessel consists of fused silicon dioxide, but also when glasses having a silicon dioxide content of at least 95 % by weight are used, and the invention al-so applies thereto, ~uartz glass is to be understood to mean herein glass having a silicon dioxide content of at least 95 % by weight.
1 ~L3~71~L
25.~.1979 PHN 9362 An embodiment of a lamp according to the invention will now be described with reference to ` the ~xample, and to the drawing, in which:
Figure 1 is a side elevation of a high-pressure mercury discharge lamp according to the in-vention, and Figure 2 shows part of the discharge ves-sel and a pinch seal of the lamp shown in Figure 1, on an enlayed scale.
In Figure 1, a discharge lamp 1 includes a discharge vessel 10 disposed between current sup-ply conductors 2 and 3 in an outer envelope 4 which has a lamp cap 5. Current supply conductor 3 is sur-rounded by a ceramic tube 6. The discharge vessel 10 consists of quartz glass and is sealed by pinch seals 11 and 12 in which metal foils 13 and 14, respec-tively, are incorporated. Internal current conductors 15 and 16 are melded to the m0tal foils 13 and 14 respectively, and the foils 13 and 14 are also welded to external current conductors 19 and 20, respectively. Electrodes 17 and 18 accommodated in-side the lamp vessel are welded to the in-ternal cur-rent conductors 15 and 16.
In Figure 2, reference numeral 30 denotes a zone in the pinch seal 12 between the ends of the internal current conductor 16 and the external cur-rent conduc-tor 20 in which the pinch seal 12 is vacuum-tight throughout its width. Capillary spaces 31 and 32, respecti~ely extend around the internal current con-ductor 16 and around the external current conductor20. The external current conductor 20 can contact oxygen and moisture from the air and is oxidized over all its length immediately after the manu-facture of the pinch seal 12 while it is still at a high tcmperature. The external current conductor 20 consists o~ molybdenum. A par-t 33 of the external current conductor 20 which is situated in the pinch seal 12 and which may be in contact with the quart~
3 ~ ~
25.9.1979 7 PHN 9362 glass is coated with tantalum. The foil 14 also con-sists of tantalum-coated molybdenum.
E~MPLE:
In a practical case a quartz glass discharge vessel was filled with 36 mg of ~Ig, 5330 Pa Ar, 30 rng NaI, 3,7 mg T1I, 0.3 mg InI and 2 mg In. The molybdenum foils and the molybdenum external current conductors of the larnp were coated with 0.05A/um Ta.
During operation at 220 V the lamp consumed a power of 400 W. The pinch seals of the lamp remained vacuum-tight and formation of cristobalite was not observed.
-.
_ - r, 25
25.9.1979 7 PHN 9362 glass is coated with tantalum. The foil 14 also con-sists of tantalum-coated molybdenum.
E~MPLE:
In a practical case a quartz glass discharge vessel was filled with 36 mg of ~Ig, 5330 Pa Ar, 30 rng NaI, 3,7 mg T1I, 0.3 mg InI and 2 mg In. The molybdenum foils and the molybdenum external current conductors of the larnp were coated with 0.05A/um Ta.
During operation at 220 V the lamp consumed a power of 400 W. The pinch seals of the lamp remained vacuum-tight and formation of cristobalite was not observed.
-.
_ - r, 25
Claims (3)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A high pressure mercury discharge lamp having a sealed vacumm-tight quartz glass discharge vessel with a pinch seal, in which pinch seal a metal foil coated with a layer of a second metal is incorporated which foil is connected to an internal current conductor secured to an electrode located inside the discharge vessel and to an external current conductor, which discharge vessel contains a filling comprising mercury, rare gas and metal halides, characterized in that the metal foil is coated with a second metal which is selected from the group consisting of Ta, Nb, V, Cr, Zr, Ti, Y, La, Sc and Hf.
2. A high-pressure mercury discharge lamp as claimed in Claim 1, characterized in that the part of the external current conductor situated in the pinch seal consists at least at its surface of a metal selected from the group consisting of Ta, Nb, V, Cr, Zr, Ti, Y, La, Sc and Hf.
3. A high-pressure mercury discharge lamp as claimed in Claim 1, characterized in that the second metal has a layer thickness between 0.01 and 0.2µm.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NLAANVRAGE7901479,A NL183794C (en) | 1979-02-26 | 1979-02-26 | HIGH PRESSURE MERCURY DISCHARGE LAMP. |
| NL7901479 | 1979-02-26 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1135781A true CA1135781A (en) | 1982-11-16 |
Family
ID=19832690
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000346175A Expired CA1135781A (en) | 1979-02-26 | 1980-02-21 | High-pressure mercury discharge lamp |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS55117859A (en) |
| BE (1) | BE881904A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1135781A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3006846A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2449968A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2045741B (en) |
| HU (1) | HU196270B (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1149908B (en) |
| NL (2) | NL183794C (en) |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6969950B2 (en) | 2002-04-24 | 2005-11-29 | Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH | Sealing foil and associated lamp having this foil |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0719562B2 (en) * | 1988-02-23 | 1995-03-06 | エヌ・ベー・フィリップス・フルーイランペンファブリケン | Light |
| JPH01309500A (en) * | 1988-06-07 | 1989-12-13 | Fujitsu Ten Ltd | Acoustic control equipment |
| EP0375402B1 (en) * | 1988-12-21 | 1998-03-18 | Gte Products Corporation | Quartz lamp envelope with molybdenum foil having oxidation-resistant surface formed by ion implantation |
| JPH03105099U (en) * | 1989-06-23 | 1991-10-31 | ||
| US5077505A (en) * | 1989-07-24 | 1991-12-31 | U.S. Philips Corporation | Electric lamp and seal structure therefor |
| DE9013279U1 (en) * | 1990-09-19 | 1990-11-22 | Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH, 81543 München | Single-ended high-pressure discharge lamp |
| AT401124B (en) * | 1994-07-05 | 1996-06-25 | Plansee Ag | ELECTRIC LADDER IN LAMPS |
| DE60016162T2 (en) | 1999-09-06 | 2005-12-01 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | ELECTRIC LAMP WITH AN IMPLEMENTATION INCLUDING A BRAID |
| DE19961551A1 (en) | 1999-12-20 | 2001-06-21 | Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh | Melting film and associated lamp with this film |
| AT4408U1 (en) | 2000-05-18 | 2001-06-25 | Plansee Ag | METHOD FOR PRODUCING AN ELECTRIC LAMP |
| JP3687582B2 (en) | 2001-09-12 | 2005-08-24 | ウシオ電機株式会社 | Discharge lamp |
| JP3543799B2 (en) | 2001-10-17 | 2004-07-21 | ウシオ電機株式会社 | Short arc type ultra-high pressure discharge lamp |
| JP3926211B2 (en) | 2002-05-29 | 2007-06-06 | 日本碍子株式会社 | High pressure mercury lamp and sealing material for high pressure mercury lamp |
| JP4200823B2 (en) | 2002-08-22 | 2008-12-24 | ウシオ電機株式会社 | Foil seal lamp |
| JP5081148B2 (en) | 2005-05-19 | 2012-11-21 | コーニンクレッカ フィリップス エレクトロニクス エヌ ヴィ | Lamp, method for manufacturing lamp member, and method for manufacturing lamp |
| DE102008037319A1 (en) * | 2008-08-11 | 2010-02-18 | Osram Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Film for lamps and electric lamp with such a film and associated manufacturing method |
| AT11175U1 (en) | 2008-11-21 | 2010-05-15 | Plansee Metall Gmbh | SEALING FILM |
| CN109487198B (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2024-01-30 | 西安赛尔电子材料科技有限公司 | Preparation method of rare earth metal-molybdenum binary infiltration layer for kovar alloy surface |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CH205667A (en) * | 1937-09-24 | 1939-06-30 | Lorenz C Ag | Discharge tube. |
| NL106429C (en) * | 1959-09-23 | 1963-11-15 | Philips Nv | Method for manufacturing an electric lamp, as well as an electric lamp manufactured according to this method |
| BE758332A (en) * | 1969-11-01 | 1971-04-30 | Philips Nv | ELECTRICAL INCANDESCENCE LAMP CONTAINING A QUARTZ GLASS BULB |
| NL6918746A (en) * | 1969-12-13 | 1971-06-15 | ||
| US3668391A (en) * | 1970-08-19 | 1972-06-06 | Sylvania Electric Prod | Tungsten halogen lamp having improved seal of molybdenum aluminide |
| US3793615A (en) * | 1970-11-04 | 1974-02-19 | Gen Electric | Oxidation-resistant lead-in conductors for electrical devices |
| NL7403204A (en) * | 1974-03-11 | 1975-09-15 | Philips Nv | ELECTRIC LAMP. |
| GB1521129A (en) * | 1976-11-11 | 1978-08-16 | Gen Electric Co Ltd | High pressure electric discharge lamps |
| NL183613B (en) * | 1978-03-15 | 1988-07-01 | Philips Nv | ELECTRIC LAMP. |
-
0
- NL NLAANVRAGE7901479,B patent/NL183794B/en unknown
-
1979
- 1979-02-26 NL NLAANVRAGE7901479,A patent/NL183794C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1980
- 1980-02-21 CA CA000346175A patent/CA1135781A/en not_active Expired
- 1980-02-22 HU HU80423A patent/HU196270B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1980-02-22 IT IT20133/80A patent/IT1149908B/en active
- 1980-02-22 FR FR8003998A patent/FR2449968A1/en active Granted
- 1980-02-22 GB GB8006009A patent/GB2045741B/en not_active Expired
- 1980-02-23 JP JP2108480A patent/JPS55117859A/en active Granted
- 1980-02-23 DE DE19803006846 patent/DE3006846A1/en active Granted
- 1980-02-25 BE BE0/199538A patent/BE881904A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6969950B2 (en) | 2002-04-24 | 2005-11-29 | Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH | Sealing foil and associated lamp having this foil |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE3006846C2 (en) | 1988-09-22 |
| GB2045741A (en) | 1980-11-05 |
| GB2045741B (en) | 1982-12-01 |
| FR2449968A1 (en) | 1980-09-19 |
| FR2449968B1 (en) | 1982-10-01 |
| IT8020133A1 (en) | 1981-08-22 |
| NL183794C (en) | 1989-01-16 |
| NL7901479A (en) | 1980-08-28 |
| JPS55117859A (en) | 1980-09-10 |
| NL183794B (en) | |
| JPS6315700B2 (en) | 1988-04-06 |
| IT1149908B (en) | 1986-12-10 |
| BE881904A (en) | 1980-08-25 |
| IT8020133A0 (en) | 1980-02-22 |
| DE3006846A1 (en) | 1980-09-04 |
| HU196270B (en) | 1988-10-28 |
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