CA1118761A - Heat exchanger - Google Patents
Heat exchangerInfo
- Publication number
- CA1118761A CA1118761A CA000336408A CA336408A CA1118761A CA 1118761 A CA1118761 A CA 1118761A CA 000336408 A CA000336408 A CA 000336408A CA 336408 A CA336408 A CA 336408A CA 1118761 A CA1118761 A CA 1118761A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- tubes
- medium
- channel
- heat exchanger
- adjacent
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
- F28F1/02—Tubular elements of cross-section which is non-circular
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
- F28D7/08—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being otherwise bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
- F28D7/08—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being otherwise bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag
- F28D7/082—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being otherwise bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag with serpentine or zig-zag configuration
- F28D7/085—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being otherwise bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag with serpentine or zig-zag configuration in the form of parallel conduits coupled by bent portions
- F28D7/087—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being otherwise bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag with serpentine or zig-zag configuration in the form of parallel conduits coupled by bent portions assembled in arrays, each array being arranged in the same plane
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
- F28F3/12—Elements constructed in the shape of a hollow panel, e.g. with channels
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geometry (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
- Non-Silver Salt Photosensitive Materials And Non-Silver Salt Photography (AREA)
- Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
The invention concerns a heat exchanger which is intended for exchanging heat between a first medium passing through a tube system and a second medium which flows around the tube system whereby the tube system comprises a plurality of tubes which are connected in parallel between an inlet and an outlet for the first medium. The tube system is enclosed in a casing which is composed of two halves, which casing is so designed that a channel is formed for the second medium from an inlet to an outlet for this second medium, said channel being formed by mutually substantially parallel parts connected with each other by means of substantially semi-circular parts. The channel comprises the tubes which form the tube system, the tubes having corresponding straight parts and semi-circular parts. The tubes, which may be provided with cross grooves, can be arranged in a direc-tion which is perpendicular to the mean plane of the casing and can be flattened in this direction.
The invention concerns a heat exchanger which is intended for exchanging heat between a first medium passing through a tube system and a second medium which flows around the tube system whereby the tube system comprises a plurality of tubes which are connected in parallel between an inlet and an outlet for the first medium. The tube system is enclosed in a casing which is composed of two halves, which casing is so designed that a channel is formed for the second medium from an inlet to an outlet for this second medium, said channel being formed by mutually substantially parallel parts connected with each other by means of substantially semi-circular parts. The channel comprises the tubes which form the tube system, the tubes having corresponding straight parts and semi-circular parts. The tubes, which may be provided with cross grooves, can be arranged in a direc-tion which is perpendicular to the mean plane of the casing and can be flattened in this direction.
Description
7~
The present invention concerns a heat exchanger which is intended for exchanging heat between a first medium passing through a tube system and a second medium which flows around the tube system.
The tube system comprises a plurality of tubes which are connected in parallel between an inlet and an outlet for the first medium.
The invention has for its purpose to give a heat exchanger which can be manufactured in a simple way which results in low costs and which has a high efficiency, i.e. a high co-efficient of therm-al conductance from one medium to the other.
According to the invention there is provided a heat ex-changer comprising: a plurality of serpentine tubes providing res-pective serpentine parallel flow path for a first medium; and a casing enclosing said tubes and having an inlet and an outlet for a second medium, there being a gap between each adjacent pair of said tubes, and said casing being internally shaped to define a serpen-tine channel containing said tubes, which channel connects said in-let to said outlet to provide a flow path for the second medium, and constraining means being provided to constrain the second medium to ~low repeatedly from one side of the channel to the other side cross-wise of said tubes, said constraining means achieving the sec-ond medium flow to be divided into a pure counter flow and a pure cross-flow in relationship to the first medium, said dividing of the second medium flow being effected along channel distances between the input and adjacent constraining means, between two adjacent con-straining means, and between the output and adjacent constraining means.
The invention will now be further described in conjuction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
7~
Figure 1 is a plan view, partially sectioned, of the heat exchanger, according to the invention, Figure 2 shows the heat exchanger from below, Figure 3 shows schematically the configuration of flow for the various media through the heat exchanger, Figures 4 and 5 show on a greater scale, and in cross section, details of the heat exchanger, and Figures 6, ~ and 8 show various types of metal strips which may be placed in the heat exchanger.
The first medium is supplied to an inlet 10 sho~ in Figure 1 and it lea~es the heat exchanger through an outlet 11. As can be seen in Figure 4, which on a greater scale and in cross section shows the inlet 10, this inlet is connected to a tube system 12 consisting of four tubes 13, 1~, 15 and 16 and it is assumled that the outlet 11 is designed in a similar way.
As can be seen in Figure 5, which shows a section along a plane in-dicated by V in Figure 1, the tubes 13, 14, 15 and 16 are flattened and ar-ranged in such a way that a narrow slit is formed between adjacent tubes. In the embodiment shown in the drawing it is assumed that the tube system comprises four tubes which are connected in parallel and flattened, but the invention is not restricted to this number of tubes. In some applications it may be suitable to have a larger or smaller number of tubes in the tube system.
As can be seen in Figure 1 the tube system 12 which is connected between the inlet 10 and the outlet 11 is bent into a modified zig-zag form so that a number of straight parts 17 are formed which are connected with each other by means of semi-circular parts 18. The tube system is placed in ~ 87~ lL
a casing 19 which is made of two halves 20 and 21 (Figures 2 and 5). Each half consists of a for~-pressed metal sheet which by means of the form-pressing has been given such a form that a channel 22 is formed when the two halves are placed against each other and the one half is reversed. me channel 22 surrounds the tube system 12 and extends from an inlet 23 to an outlet 24 for the second medium.
m e flow pattern for the two media and especially for the second medium which is obtained in this way is sho~in schematically in Figure 3. The second medium enters through the inlet 23 where-lpon it is forced through the narrow slits between the tubes 13-16 of the tube system within the straight part of the channel 22 designated 25. As indicated schematically in Figure 3 there is no direct connection on the outer side of the semi-circular part 18 between two successive straight parts of the channel 22 and this results in the second medium again being forced through the narrow slits in the tube system 12 after it has passed the schematically shown partition 26. This means that the second medi~lm will be forced to and fro in the narrow slits of the tube system under repeated changes of direction. me same result is achieved in the embodiment shown in Figure 1 in that small plates 27 are placed in the channel 22 in such a way that a flow of medium along the outer side of the semi-circular parts 18 of the tubes is prevented. In this way the second medium is forced to flow through the narrow slits of the tube system.
In order to increase the coefficient of thermal conductance it is advantageous to make the tubes 13-16 of the tube system with cross grooves in a manner known per se. Cross grooves of ~his kind which are previously . - :, ' .,~
~1t37~3~
known for instance from the ~wedish patent 363 164 also contribute to giving the narrow slit between two adjacent tubes and between the outer tubes and the casing 19 an optimal width so that the desired high coefficient of thermal conductance can be achieved. In an alternative embodiment the flattened tubes may be smooth and in such case metal strips which have a relief pattern in the transverse direction may be positioned between the tubes and between the tubes and the casing so that the height of this relief pattern determines the width of the slits.
One embodiment in which such metal strips are used is shown in Figure 6 in a plan view and in Figure 7 in a sectional view. In Figure 6 one part of the channel 22 of the casing 19 in which the tube system, not sho~n in Figure 6, is intended to be placed, is shown. Between the tubes of the tube system as well as between these tubes and the casing metal strips 28 are arranged and the length of these metal strips is substantially the same as the length of the straight parts 17 of the channel 2~. Each metal strip 28 which is shown in section in Figure 7 is provided with a number of flanges or bulges 29. The height of these bulges determines the width of the slit between the tubes through which the second medium flows. It is suitable to make the bulges 29 with a wave form as shown in Figure 6 so that a certain amount of guiding of the medium flow in accordance with the arrows shown in the drawing is obtained.
An alternative embodiment of the metal strips is shown in Figure 8.
In this case a metal strip 30 has been given a rectangular zig-zag form so that successive surfaces of the metal strip alternatingly abut the tubes 14 and 15, respectively. In a similar way metal strips are placed in the outer ~ ., - :
.' ~ ~: , ., s-~
slits of the tube system. Such a design of the metal strips gives among other things an increase of the active outer surface of the tubes and as a result thereof an increased heat conductance.
_5 _ ,: ~
~: ' .
The present invention concerns a heat exchanger which is intended for exchanging heat between a first medium passing through a tube system and a second medium which flows around the tube system.
The tube system comprises a plurality of tubes which are connected in parallel between an inlet and an outlet for the first medium.
The invention has for its purpose to give a heat exchanger which can be manufactured in a simple way which results in low costs and which has a high efficiency, i.e. a high co-efficient of therm-al conductance from one medium to the other.
According to the invention there is provided a heat ex-changer comprising: a plurality of serpentine tubes providing res-pective serpentine parallel flow path for a first medium; and a casing enclosing said tubes and having an inlet and an outlet for a second medium, there being a gap between each adjacent pair of said tubes, and said casing being internally shaped to define a serpen-tine channel containing said tubes, which channel connects said in-let to said outlet to provide a flow path for the second medium, and constraining means being provided to constrain the second medium to ~low repeatedly from one side of the channel to the other side cross-wise of said tubes, said constraining means achieving the sec-ond medium flow to be divided into a pure counter flow and a pure cross-flow in relationship to the first medium, said dividing of the second medium flow being effected along channel distances between the input and adjacent constraining means, between two adjacent con-straining means, and between the output and adjacent constraining means.
The invention will now be further described in conjuction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
7~
Figure 1 is a plan view, partially sectioned, of the heat exchanger, according to the invention, Figure 2 shows the heat exchanger from below, Figure 3 shows schematically the configuration of flow for the various media through the heat exchanger, Figures 4 and 5 show on a greater scale, and in cross section, details of the heat exchanger, and Figures 6, ~ and 8 show various types of metal strips which may be placed in the heat exchanger.
The first medium is supplied to an inlet 10 sho~ in Figure 1 and it lea~es the heat exchanger through an outlet 11. As can be seen in Figure 4, which on a greater scale and in cross section shows the inlet 10, this inlet is connected to a tube system 12 consisting of four tubes 13, 1~, 15 and 16 and it is assumled that the outlet 11 is designed in a similar way.
As can be seen in Figure 5, which shows a section along a plane in-dicated by V in Figure 1, the tubes 13, 14, 15 and 16 are flattened and ar-ranged in such a way that a narrow slit is formed between adjacent tubes. In the embodiment shown in the drawing it is assumed that the tube system comprises four tubes which are connected in parallel and flattened, but the invention is not restricted to this number of tubes. In some applications it may be suitable to have a larger or smaller number of tubes in the tube system.
As can be seen in Figure 1 the tube system 12 which is connected between the inlet 10 and the outlet 11 is bent into a modified zig-zag form so that a number of straight parts 17 are formed which are connected with each other by means of semi-circular parts 18. The tube system is placed in ~ 87~ lL
a casing 19 which is made of two halves 20 and 21 (Figures 2 and 5). Each half consists of a for~-pressed metal sheet which by means of the form-pressing has been given such a form that a channel 22 is formed when the two halves are placed against each other and the one half is reversed. me channel 22 surrounds the tube system 12 and extends from an inlet 23 to an outlet 24 for the second medium.
m e flow pattern for the two media and especially for the second medium which is obtained in this way is sho~in schematically in Figure 3. The second medium enters through the inlet 23 where-lpon it is forced through the narrow slits between the tubes 13-16 of the tube system within the straight part of the channel 22 designated 25. As indicated schematically in Figure 3 there is no direct connection on the outer side of the semi-circular part 18 between two successive straight parts of the channel 22 and this results in the second medium again being forced through the narrow slits in the tube system 12 after it has passed the schematically shown partition 26. This means that the second medi~lm will be forced to and fro in the narrow slits of the tube system under repeated changes of direction. me same result is achieved in the embodiment shown in Figure 1 in that small plates 27 are placed in the channel 22 in such a way that a flow of medium along the outer side of the semi-circular parts 18 of the tubes is prevented. In this way the second medium is forced to flow through the narrow slits of the tube system.
In order to increase the coefficient of thermal conductance it is advantageous to make the tubes 13-16 of the tube system with cross grooves in a manner known per se. Cross grooves of ~his kind which are previously . - :, ' .,~
~1t37~3~
known for instance from the ~wedish patent 363 164 also contribute to giving the narrow slit between two adjacent tubes and between the outer tubes and the casing 19 an optimal width so that the desired high coefficient of thermal conductance can be achieved. In an alternative embodiment the flattened tubes may be smooth and in such case metal strips which have a relief pattern in the transverse direction may be positioned between the tubes and between the tubes and the casing so that the height of this relief pattern determines the width of the slits.
One embodiment in which such metal strips are used is shown in Figure 6 in a plan view and in Figure 7 in a sectional view. In Figure 6 one part of the channel 22 of the casing 19 in which the tube system, not sho~n in Figure 6, is intended to be placed, is shown. Between the tubes of the tube system as well as between these tubes and the casing metal strips 28 are arranged and the length of these metal strips is substantially the same as the length of the straight parts 17 of the channel 2~. Each metal strip 28 which is shown in section in Figure 7 is provided with a number of flanges or bulges 29. The height of these bulges determines the width of the slit between the tubes through which the second medium flows. It is suitable to make the bulges 29 with a wave form as shown in Figure 6 so that a certain amount of guiding of the medium flow in accordance with the arrows shown in the drawing is obtained.
An alternative embodiment of the metal strips is shown in Figure 8.
In this case a metal strip 30 has been given a rectangular zig-zag form so that successive surfaces of the metal strip alternatingly abut the tubes 14 and 15, respectively. In a similar way metal strips are placed in the outer ~ ., - :
.' ~ ~: , ., s-~
slits of the tube system. Such a design of the metal strips gives among other things an increase of the active outer surface of the tubes and as a result thereof an increased heat conductance.
_5 _ ,: ~
~: ' .
Claims (7)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A heat exchanger comprising: a plurality of serpentine tubes providing respective serpentine parallel flow path for a first medium; and a casing enclosing said tubes and having an inlet and an outlet for a second medium, there being a gap between each adjacent pair of said tubes, and said casing being internally shaped to define a serpentine channel containing said tubes, which channel connects said inlet to said outlet to provide a flow path for the second medium, and constraining means being provided to constrain the second medium to flow repeatedly from one side of the channel to the other side cross-wise of said tubes, said constraining means achieving the second medium flow to be divided into a pure counter flow and a pure cross-flow in relationship to the first medium, said dividing of the second medium flow being effected along channel distances between the input and adjacent constraining means, between two adjacent constraining means, and between the output and adjacent constraining means.
2. A heat exchanger to claim 1, wherein said tubes are flattened in planes parallel to said centre plane and form narrow and elongate slits for the second medium between adjacent tubes.
3. A heat exchanger according to claim 1 wherein said channel is formed from a plurality of straight substantially parallel portions linked together by substantially semi-circular portions.
4. A heat exchanger according to claim 3, wherein said constraining means comprises a plate provided in at least one semi-circular portion of the channel and extending from the channel wall to the tubes.
5. A heat exchanger according to claim 3, wherein said constraining means comprises at least one part of the internal wall of said channel located in a semi-circular channel portion and closely adjacent the tubes whereby passage of said second medium between the tubes and the part is at least substantially prevented.
6. A heat exchanger according to claims 1 and 5, wherein the tubes are provided with cross grooves.
7. A heat exchanger according to claims 1 and 5, wherein metal strips are positioned between adjacent tubes and between the tubes and the casing strips are provided with transverse flanges or bulges.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE7810113-6 | 1978-09-26 | ||
| SE7810113A SE7810113L (en) | 1978-09-26 | 1978-09-26 | VERMEVEXLARE |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1118761A true CA1118761A (en) | 1982-02-23 |
Family
ID=20335925
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000336408A Expired CA1118761A (en) | 1978-09-26 | 1979-09-26 | Heat exchanger |
Country Status (13)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5546396A (en) |
| AT (1) | AT363500B (en) |
| BE (1) | BE879027A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1118761A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH649373A5 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2938249A1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK151512C (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2437594B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2032091B (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1123335B (en) |
| NL (1) | NL7907022A (en) |
| NO (1) | NO147283C (en) |
| SE (1) | SE7810113L (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4872503A (en) * | 1986-03-13 | 1989-10-10 | Marriner Raymond E | Air heat exchanger |
| EP0949478A3 (en) * | 1998-03-09 | 2000-03-01 | Nefit Fasto B.V. | Heat exchanger |
| US6435273B1 (en) * | 1998-12-14 | 2002-08-20 | Vladlen Futernik | Device for air temperature control in a vehicle |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR830829A (en) * | 1937-12-15 | 1938-08-10 | Ag Fuer Technische Studien | tubular heat exchanger |
| FR991316A (en) * | 1949-07-22 | 1951-10-04 | Improvement in temperature exchange devices | |
| DE897417C (en) * | 1951-07-23 | 1953-11-19 | Waagner Biro Ag | Heat exchanger |
| US2877000A (en) * | 1955-09-16 | 1959-03-10 | Int Harvester Co | Heat exchanger |
| US2979310A (en) * | 1956-10-08 | 1961-04-11 | Intercontinental Mfg Company I | Heat exchangers |
| US3074480A (en) * | 1960-09-14 | 1963-01-22 | Brown Fintube Co | Heat exchanger |
| GB1304685A (en) * | 1969-02-18 | 1973-01-24 | ||
| FR2354156A1 (en) * | 1976-06-09 | 1978-01-06 | Maurice Michel | Oval section finned tube for heat exchanger - is made by forming finned round tube onto internal mandrel in rubber lined die on press. |
| IT1070488B (en) * | 1976-09-23 | 1985-03-29 | Fiat Spa | IMPROVEMENTS IN HEAT EXCHANGERS BETWEEN FLUIDS PARTICULARLY FOR THE USE OF EXHAUST GASES OF HEAT ENGINES |
-
1978
- 1978-09-26 SE SE7810113A patent/SE7810113L/en unknown
-
1979
- 1979-09-19 JP JP12155179A patent/JPS5546396A/en active Pending
- 1979-09-20 GB GB7932658A patent/GB2032091B/en not_active Expired
- 1979-09-20 NL NL7907022A patent/NL7907022A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1979-09-21 DE DE19792938249 patent/DE2938249A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1979-09-24 CH CH8597/79A patent/CH649373A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1979-09-24 AT AT0625579A patent/AT363500B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1979-09-24 FR FR7923684A patent/FR2437594B1/en not_active Expired
- 1979-09-25 NO NO793075A patent/NO147283C/en unknown
- 1979-09-25 IT IT25995/79A patent/IT1123335B/en active
- 1979-09-26 DK DK403779A patent/DK151512C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1979-09-26 CA CA000336408A patent/CA1118761A/en not_active Expired
- 1979-09-26 BE BE0/197341A patent/BE879027A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2437594B1 (en) | 1986-06-06 |
| DK151512C (en) | 1988-05-24 |
| ATA625579A (en) | 1981-01-15 |
| GB2032091A (en) | 1980-04-30 |
| NL7907022A (en) | 1980-03-28 |
| DK403779A (en) | 1980-03-27 |
| IT7925995A0 (en) | 1979-09-25 |
| GB2032091B (en) | 1982-11-17 |
| SE7810113L (en) | 1980-03-27 |
| NO793075L (en) | 1980-03-27 |
| BE879027A (en) | 1980-01-16 |
| JPS5546396A (en) | 1980-04-01 |
| FR2437594A1 (en) | 1980-04-25 |
| IT1123335B (en) | 1986-04-30 |
| DK151512B (en) | 1987-12-07 |
| CH649373A5 (en) | 1985-05-15 |
| AT363500B (en) | 1981-08-10 |
| NO147283B (en) | 1982-11-29 |
| DE2938249A1 (en) | 1980-03-27 |
| NO147283C (en) | 1983-03-09 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |