BR102020007207A2 - BLOWN PLASTIC BLOCKS FOR CONSTRUCTION OF PREFABRICATED WALLS AND SLABS - Google Patents
BLOWN PLASTIC BLOCKS FOR CONSTRUCTION OF PREFABRICATED WALLS AND SLABS Download PDFInfo
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- BR102020007207A2 BR102020007207A2 BR102020007207-2A BR102020007207A BR102020007207A2 BR 102020007207 A2 BR102020007207 A2 BR 102020007207A2 BR 102020007207 A BR102020007207 A BR 102020007207A BR 102020007207 A2 BR102020007207 A2 BR 102020007207A2
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- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims 4
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000071 blow moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002542 deteriorative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
- E04B5/02—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units
- E04B5/08—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units assembled of block-shaped elements, e.g. hollow stones
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
Abstract
os blocos de plásticos soprados para construção de paredes e lajes pré-fabricadas. são peças plásticas ocas, produzidas por extrusão do plástico e formatado por sopro em moldes, as paredes apresentam espessura variável entre 0,6 e 8 mm ou outras medidas, fácil manuseio e encaixe.fig.1 a 13. os blocos plásticos soprados são peças de preenchimento, para serem utilizados na construção de paredes sem função estrutural e lajes treliças pré-fabricadas, substituindo com grandes vantagens econômicas, temporais, ecológicas e estruturais os tradicionais blocos de cimento, lajotas cerâmicas e blocos cerâmicos. fig. 1 a 13. os blocos de plásticos soprados não necessitam de material adesivo ou ferramentas especiais na montagem, portanto sem espera pela secagem ou cura. o seu formato de encaixe em formas angulares côncavas e convexas para facilitar a montagem das paredes e melhorar a resistência mecânica. as superfícies externas com frisos e uma fina camada de cimento, argamassa ou areia, aplicados no processo de fabricação, asseguram maior aderência da argamassa ou concreto aos blocos de plásticos soprados. fig. 1 a 13. as paredes com os blocos de plásticos soprados são montadas em armadura com barras transversais de suporte, furadas para encaixe e montagem rápida, feita em chapa metálica intertravadas por vergalhão ou arame com diâmetro superior a 3,2 mm, paralelos e equidistantes. não podendo ser utilizadas como paredes estruturais ou arrimo. fig. 8 a 11.blown plastic blocks for the construction of prefabricated walls and slabs. They are hollow plastic parts, produced by extrusion of the plastic and shaped by blowing into molds, the walls have a variable thickness between 0.6 and 8 mm or other measurements, easy handling and fitting. fig.1 to 13. The blown plastic blocks are pieces filling, to be used in the construction of walls without structural function and prefabricated truss slabs, replacing traditional cement blocks, ceramic tiles and ceramic blocks with great economic, temporal, ecological and structural advantages. fig. 1 to 13. blown plastic blocks do not require adhesive material or special tools for assembly, therefore no waiting for drying or curing. Its shape fits into concave and convex angular shapes to facilitate wall assembly and improve mechanical resistance. the external surfaces with friezes and a thin layer of cement, mortar or sand, applied in the manufacturing process, ensure greater adhesion of the mortar or concrete to the blown plastic blocks. fig. 1 to 13. the walls with the blown plastic blocks are assembled into reinforcement with transverse support bars, drilled for fitting and quick assembly, made of metal sheet interlocked with rebar or wire with a diameter greater than 3.2 mm, parallel and equidistant . They cannot be used as structural or retaining walls. fig. 8 to 11.
Description
[001] OS BLOCOS DE PLÁSTICOS SOPRADOS PARA CONSTRUÇÃO DE PAREDES E LAJES PRÉ-FABRICADAS são peças plásticas ocas produzidas por extrusão do plástico e formatado por sopro em moldes, as paredes apresentam espessura variável entre 1 e 8 mm ou outras medidas. São peças de fácil manuseio e encaixe rápido. Fig. 1 e 2.[001] BLOWN PLASTIC BLOCKS FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PREFABRICATED WALLS AND SLABS are hollow plastic parts produced by extrusion of plastic and formatted by blow molding, the walls have a variable thickness between 1 and 8 mm or other measures. They are easy to handle and quick fitting pieces. Fig. 1 and 2.
[002] Os BLOCOS PLÁSTICOS são peças de preenchimento, para serem utilizados na construção de lajes treliças pré-fabricadas e paredes, sem função estrutural pois não são resistentes à compressão, substituindo com grandes vantagens econômicas, temporais, ecológicas e estruturais os tradicionais blocos de cimento e lajotas cerâmicas e blocos cerâmicos. Fig. 10 a 13.[002] PLASTIC BLOCKS are filling pieces, to be used in the construction of prefabricated truss slabs and walls, with no structural function as they are not resistant to compression, replacing with great economic, temporal, ecological and structural advantages the traditional blocks of cement and ceramic tiles and ceramic blocks. Fig. 10 to 13.
[003] Na construção tradicional de paredes, não há necessidade do tempo de espera para secagem ou cura, ou seja, após a montagem dos BLOCOS PLÁSTICOS na armadura e travamento, as paredes estão prontas para o acabamento com reboco, placas de gesso ou alvenaria. Fig. 3 a 11.[003] In traditional wall construction, there is no need for waiting time for drying or curing, that is, after assembling the PLASTIC BLOCKS in the armature and locking, the walls are ready for finishing with plaster, plasterboard or masonry . Fig. 3 to 11.
[004] Os BLOCOS DE PLÁSTICOS não necessitam de material adesivo ou ferramentas especiais na montagem. Fig. 7 a 13.[004] PLASTIC BLOCKS do not need adhesive material or special tools for assembly. Fig. 7 to 13.
[005] Os BLOCOS DE PLÁSTICOS SOPRADOS não têm cor específica, por serem produzidos com material plástico reciclado ou de reuso, para facilitar o manuseio e aderência no processo de fabricação é aplicado cimento, argamassa ou areia nas superfícies . Fig. 3 e 4.[005] BLOWN PLASTIC BLOCKS do not have a specific color, as they are produced with recycled or reused plastic material, to facilitate handling and adherence in the manufacturing process, cement, mortar or sand is applied on the surfaces. Fig. 3 and 4.
[006] O formato e as medidas assemelham-se às medidas das lajotas cerâmicas. tipo BLOCO 2 - Altura: 8 cm, Largura: 20 cm e Comprimento: 30 cm ou qualquer outra medida. Fig. 1 a 6.[006] The format and measurements are similar to the measurements of ceramic tiles. BLOCK type 2 - Height: 8 cm, Width: 20 cm and Length: 30 cm or any other measure. Fig. 1 to 6.
[007] Pesando entre 60 e 400 gramas ou outros valores, OS BLOCOS PLÁSTICOS dependendo da espessura das paredes e modelo, resultam na redução de carga à estrutura em até 60%, quando comparado à cerâmica ou cimento. Fig. 8 a 11.[007] Weighing between 60 and 400 grams or other values, PLASTIC BLOCKS depending on the thickness of the walls and model, result in a load reduction to the structure by up to 60%, when compared to ceramic or cement. Fig. 8 to 11.
[008] Comparação da pesagem das lajotas cerâmicas Lajota 1 - Peso: 2,05 kg; Lajota 2 - Peso: 2,73 kg; Lajota 3 - Peso: 4,10 kg e Lajota 4 - Peso: 5,47 kg.Comparação aos blocos de vedação de cimento, variando de 7 a 12,6 kg cada.[008] Comparison of the weighing of ceramic tiles Lajota 1 - Weight: 2.05 kg; Lajota 2 - Weight: 2.73 kg; Lajota 3 - Weight: 4.10 kg and Lajota 4 - Weight: 5.47 kg. Comparison to cement sealing blocks, ranging from 7 to 12.6 kg each.
[009] A armadura das paredes são barras transversais de suporte furadas para encaixe e montagem rápida, feita em chapa metálica inter travada por vergalhão ou arame com diâmetro superior a 3,2 mm, paralelos e equidistantes. Fig. 7 a 11.[009] The reinforcement of the walls are transverse support bars drilled for quick fitting and assembly, made of metal sheet interlocked by rebar or wire with a diameter greater than 3.2 mm, parallel and equidistant. Fig. 7 to 11.
[010] Na opção de montagem tradicional os BLOCOS DE PLÁSTICOS SOPRADOS são montados verticalmente no local e rebocados imediatamente. Fig. 7 a 11.[010] In the traditional assembly option the BLOWN PLASTIC BLOCKS are mounted vertically on site and towed immediately. Fig. 7 to 11.
[011] Na opção de paredes pré-fabricadas, monta-se um sanduíche, primeira camada de 10 mm de argamassa é espalhada na horizontal sobre um plástico, colocando o " miolo” os blocos encaixados na armação metálica e conclui com a última camada de argamassa de 10 mm. Fig. 7 a 11.[011] In the prefabricated walls option, a sandwich is assembled, the first layer of 10 mm of mortar is spread horizontally on a plastic, placing the "crumb" the blocks embedded in the metallic frame and concludes with the last layer of 10 mm mortar. Fig. 7 to 11.
[012] São diversas vantagens ecológicas do uso dos BLOCOS PLÁSTICOS SOPRADOS PARA CONSTRUÇÃO DE PAREDES E LAJES PRÉ-FABRICADAS.[012] There are several ecological advantages of using BLOWN PLASTIC BLOCKS FOR CONSTRUCTION OF PREFABRICATED WALLS AND SLABS.
[013] Por serem de plástico reciclado não são utilizados na fabricação argila, cimento e a queima de combustível fóssil, com consequente redução na emissão de gás carbônico (CO2) à atmosfera.[013] As they are made of recycled plastic, they are not used in the manufacture of clay, cement and the burning of fossil fuel, with a consequent reduction in the emission of carbon dioxide (CO2) into the atmosphere.
[014] Tempo de construção das paredes. Por serem peças de encaixe na armadura metálica, a montagem é rápida sem necessidade de mão de obra especializada ou produtos químicos. Fig. 7 a 11.[014] Time of construction of the walls. As they are fitting pieces in the metallic armature, assembly is quick without the need for specialized labor or chemical products. Fig. 7 to 11.
[015] Menor tempo de construção das paredes. Por serem peças de encaixe na armadura metálica dispensa o tempo de cura e secagem da argamassa.[015] Shorter construction time for walls. As they are fitting pieces in the metallic reinforcement, they do not need to cure and dry the mortar.
[016] Menor tempo para reboco e acabamento. Por serem revestidas de película externa aderente à argamassa, facilitam o reboco e aplicação de acabamentos.[016] Less time for plastering and finishing. As they are covered with an external film adhering to the mortar, they facilitate plastering and application of finishes.
[017] Proteger o meio ambiente. Por serem de plástico reciclado resolvem parcialmente a destinação correta às embalagens plásticas normalmente descartadas nos aterros sanitários ou córregos, rios e oceano.[017] Protect the environment. As they are made of recycled plastic, they partially resolve the correct destination for plastic packaging normally discarded in landfills or streams, rivers and the ocean.
[018] Menor agressividade ao meio ambiente. Por serem produzidos com plástico de reuso ou reciclado e não utilizarem argila ou cimento, OS BLOCOS PLÁSTICOS não dependem, na fabricação, de fontes de matéria prima natural (argila, cimento e combustível) podendo ser produzidos em qualquer região urbana, sem poluição.[018] Less aggressiveness to the environment. As they are produced with reused or recycled plastic and do not use clay or cement, PLASTIC BLOCKS do not depend, in their manufacture, on natural raw material sources (clay, cement and fuel) and can be produced in any urban region, without pollution.
[019] Proteger o meio ambiente. Por serem de plástico reciclado e produzidos em qualquer região urbana, OS BLOCOS DE PLÁSTICOS não necessitam de transportes em grande distâncias, reduzindo o consumo de combustível e gastos entre o fabricante e o consumidor, por não utilizarem argila, cimento e/ou combustível.[019] Protect the environment. Because they are made of recycled plastic and are produced in any urban region, PLASTIC BLOCKS do not need to be transported over long distances, reducing fuel consumption and expenses between the manufacturer and the consumer, as they do not use clay, cement and/or fuel.
[020] Ao reutilizar o plástico descartado, OS BLOCOS DE PLÁSTICOS geram renda e emprego no local na cadeia produtiva aos coletores de reciclados, recicladores, e à indústria do reciclado ou reuso.[020] By reusing discarded plastic, PLASTIC BLOCKS generate income and employment on site in the production chain to recycled collectors, recyclers, and the recycled or reuse industry.
[021] Menor carga estrutural, por serem ocos, os BLOCOS PLÁSTICOS reduzem em até 60% o peso das paredes nas edificações.[021] Less structural load, because they are hollow, PLASTIC BLOCKS reduce up to 60% the weight of walls in buildings.
[022] As principais vantagens econômicas na utilização dos BLOCOS PLÁSTICOS, em relação os tradicionais blocos de vedação e lajotas cerâmicas são:[022] The main economic advantages of using PLASTIC BLOCKS, compared to traditional sealing blocks and ceramic tiles are:
[023] Redução de tempo, para algumas horas a montagem completa das paredes pré-fabricadas e das lajes . Na opção de uso tradicional, ou seja montagem no local das paredes e reboco na vertical o ganho de tempo será menor. Fig. 7 a 13.[023] Time reduction, to a few hours the complete assembly of the prefabricated walls and the slabs. In the traditional use option, that is, mounting in place the walls and vertical plastering, the time savings will be less. Fig. 7 to 13.
[024] Redução do custo dispendioso de mão-de-obra e tempo com assentamento dos blocos de cimento e reboco, as paredes construídas com BLOCOS DE PLÁSTICOS SOPRADOS PARA CONSTRUÇÃO DE PAREDES E LAJES PRÉ-FABRICADAS podem ser entregues prontas, rebocadas (reboco grosso sem acabamento e pintura), com as molduras das portas e janelas, passagem para tubulação elétrica e hidráulica de acordo com o projeto apresentado. Fig. 1 a 13.[024] Reducing the costly cost of labor and time with the laying of cement blocks and plaster, the walls built with BLOWN PLASTIC BLOCKS FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PREFABRICATED WALLS AND SLABS can be delivered ready-made, plastered (thick plaster without finishing and painting), with door and window frames, passage for electrical and hydraulic piping according to the project presented. Fig. 1 to 13.
[025] Maior velocidade na produção, as paredes são pré-fabricadas na horizontal, ou seja, após detalhamento do projeto, a argamassa é espalhada numa superfície horizontal forrada com plástico, numa espessura variando de 1 a 2 cm. Na sequência coloca-se toda a estrutura metálica com os BLOCOS DE PLÁSTICO SOPRADO PARA CONSTRUÇÃO DE PAREDES E LAJES PRÉ-FABRICADAS, Para concluir, espalhar uma camada uniforme de argamassa de 1 a 2 cm em toda a superfície. Aplicar um plástico sobre toda a superfície e iniciar o mesmo procedimento acima para a próxima parede. Antes do manuseio ou movimentação deve-se aguardar a cura, secagem e evaporação da argamassa e aditivos.[025] Greater speed in production, the walls are prefabricated horizontally, that is, after detailing the project, the mortar is spread on a horizontal surface lined with plastic, in a thickness ranging from 1 to 2 cm. Next, place the entire metallic structure with the BLOWN PLASTIC BLOCKS FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PREFABRICATED WALLS AND SLABS. To conclude, spread a uniform layer of mortar 1 to 2 cm across the surface. Apply a plastic over the entire surface and start the same procedure as above for the next wall. Before handling or moving, wait for the mortar and additives to cure, dry and evaporate.
[026] As paredes construídas com os BLOCOS DE PLÁSTICO SOPRADO têm melhor conforto acústico, quando comparado aos blocos de cerâmica ou cimento e melhor isolamento térmico, o plástico é mau condutor de calor.[026] The walls built with BLOWN PLASTIC BLOCKS have better acoustic comfort, when compared to ceramic or cement blocks and better thermal insulation, plastic is a poor conductor of heat.
[027] Os BLOCOS DE PLÁSTICO SOPRADO são impermeáveis não se deteriorando com infiltrações ou umidade e recebem individualmente na fabricação uma camada de argamassa nas duas faces para facilitar a aderência e manuseio.[027] BLOWN PLASTIC BLOCKS are impermeable, not deteriorating with infiltration or moisture and individually receive in the manufacture a layer of mortar on both sides to facilitate adherence and handling.
[028] Apresentam melhor resistência e estabilidade estrutural, devido a distribuição das cargas e forças em toda a estrutura metálica, feita com arame paralelos equidistantes em 20 cm alternadamente, ou outras medidas, travados nas estruturas metálicas transversais em toda a área da parede. Os arames são encaixados nos furos das estruturas metálicas transversais de chapa que servem de fixação aos BLOCO DE PLÁSTICO SOPRADO PARA CONSTRUÇÃO DE PAREDES PRÉ-FABRICADAS na aplicação nas lajes pré fabricadas os resultados são próximos à lajota cerâmica. Fig. 1 a 13.[028] They present better strength and structural stability, due to the distribution of loads and forces throughout the metallic structure, made with alternately equidistant parallel wires 20 cm, or other measures, locked in the transversal metallic structures throughout the wall area. The wires are inserted into the holes of the transverse metal sheet structures that serve as fixation to the BLOWN PLASTIC BLOCK FOR CONSTRUCTION OF PREFABRICATED WALLS. When applied to prefabricated slabs, the results are similar to those of ceramic slabs. Fig. 1 to 13.
[029] Os BLOCOS DE PLÁSTICOS não podem ser utilizados sem a supervisão de profissional habilitado à construção civil.[029] PLASTIC BLOCKS cannot be used without the supervision of a professional qualified in civil construction.
[030] OS BLOCOS DE PLÁSTICOS não podem ser usados em paredes estruturais, arrimo ou escoramento, ou seja, é vedado o uso em paredes estruturais que recebam cargas externas verticais, horizontais ou transversais.[030] PLASTIC BLOCKS cannot be used in load-bearing walls, bracing or shoring, that is, the use in load-bearing walls that receive external vertical, horizontal or transverse loads is prohibited.
[031] As responsabilidades na construção das colunas, vigas, paredes, lajes, baldrame e fundação são do Engenheiro Civil ou Arquiteto responsável pela obra ou em assinar a ART (Anotação de Responsabilidade Técnica ) emitida pelo CREA ou CAU.[031] The responsibilities in the construction of the columns, beams, walls, slabs, baldrame and foundation are of the Civil Engineer or Architect responsible for the work or in signing the ART (Technical Responsibility Note) issued by CREA or CAU.
Claims (8)
Fig 1 e 2 - BLOCOS DE PLÁSTICOS SOPRADOS vista em perspectivaBLOWN PLASTIC BLOCKS FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PREFABRICATED WALLS AND SLABS are characterized by being hollow objects manufactured with plastic material by the extrusion and blowing process, without defined color, the colors used in this order are merely illustrative (brown fitting area, blue side even and green odd side)
Fig 1 and 2 - BLOWN PLASTIC BLOCKS perspective view
Fig 3 e 4 Detalhes dos frisos e camada de argamassa ou areia aplicados na superfície externaAccording to claim 1, they are characterized by their external surfaces with friezes, undulations and a thin layer of mortar, cement or sand applied in the manufacturing process, ensuring greater adherence of the mortar or concrete to the PLASTIC BLOCKS
Fig 3 and 4 Details of the friezes and layer of mortar or sand applied to the external surface
Fig 1 e 2 vista em perspectiva pelo lado parAccording to claims 1 and 2, they are characterized by their ends for their fitting shape in concave and convex angular shapes to facilitate the assembly of the BLOCKS, to facilitate assembly and increase mechanical resistance
Fig 1 and 2 perspective view from the even side
Fig 7,8,9,10,11 - a parede com BLOCOS DE PLÁSTICOS SOPRADOS parcialmente montado na armadura metálicaAccording to claims 1,2,3,4,5 and 6, The metallic reinforcement for mounting walls with BLOWN PLASTIC BLOCKS is characterized by vertical support bars and the steel or wire rebars are placed in the respective holes horizontally, after applying the mortar or concrete on both surfaces, all forces will be distributed on the metallic reinforcement
Fig 7,8,9,10,11 - the wall with BLOWN PLASTIC BLOCKS partially mounted on the metal frame
Fig 12,13 laje treliçada pré-fabricada montada com BLOCOS DE PLÁSTICOS SOPRADOS, vista em perspectiva superior (azul) e inferior (verde) lado ímparAccording to claims 1,2,3,4,5 and 6 In the application on prefabricated slabs, characterized by replacing the ceramic slab with BLOWN PLASTIC BLOCKS, the metallic reinforcement follows the traditional lattice beam assembly perpendicular to the steel rebars, with concrete cover filling
Fig 12.13 Prefabricated lattice slab assembled with BLOWN PLASTIC BLOCKS, top (blue) and bottom (green) odd side perspective view
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