BE1029210A1 - High Yield Thin Shell Pecan Cultivation Method - Google Patents

Abstract

A method of high yield cultivation of thin-shelled pecans, step 1: selection of planting area: the soil PH value is 7-8, and the salt content of the soil is less than 0 .2%, while the depth of the soil in the selected area should be more than 2 meters; Step 2: Selection of planting varieties: the ratio of main varieties to pollinated varieties is (4.0-6.0):1, of which the main varieties are Mahan, Jinhua and Wichita (all female).Pollinating varieties are Boni and Cardo (both male); Step 3: Thin-shelled mountain kernel planting: soil preparation in the selected area, then determining the cultivation density, and preparing the seedlings at the same time, when the planting is completed, the seedlings are dried and degermed, this which can make the thin-shelled pecans can be pollinated in flowering, thus increasing the yield of thin-shelled pecans in the later period. At the same time, an "irrigation and drainage model" has been established, which makes it possible to work out irrigation and drainage data according to the recent development of hydrological data, which guarantees the normal growth thin-shelled pecans.

Description

Description BE2022/5500 Method for high-yield cultivation of thin-shelled pecans Technical fields The invention relates to the technical field of planting thin-shelled mountain kernels, in particular a method of high-yield cultivation of pecans. thin-shelled.

Background technique Thin-shelled pecans, also known as American pecans, are commonly referred to as green root fruits and longevity fruits. It is a deciduous tree of the Hickory genus of the nut family. It is one of the top five nut tree species in the world, and it is an excellent woody oil species that integrates wood, landscape, and fruit.

Thin-shell pecans are native to the United States, introduced to China for 100 years, with a wide range of introductions, from north to Beijing, south to Hainan Island, east to Fujian, from the west to Chengdu, are cultivated, but they have not yet been planted on a large scale. The main reasons why industrialization has not been formed so far are: bulk breeding, low and unstable yield; The breeding process is slow, and the resources of fine varieties are scarce; The large-scale expansion technology is backward, and the seedlings of improved varieties are in PE 2022/5500 shortage; Basic research is weak and supporting cultivation techniques are not perfect.

After research, the invention patent of Chinese patent number CN109302937A discloses a high yield method of planting thin-shelled pecans in the park, which consists of steps such as building and planting the garden, l fertilizer application, fit pruning, disease prevention and control, and timely harvesting.

Improve the quality and efficiency, Compared with the previous extensive management, the fertilizer ratio and application mode and cycle have been optimized, and by pruning the tree body, the lighting conditions of the inner canopy of the canopy have been greatly improved, the use of lighting has been improved, and the normal growth and yield quality of fruit branches in the inner canopy have been ensured.In combination with the management measures conventional techniques such as bud burning, branch gripping and branch pulling, we can achieve a more ideal effect of promoting flowers and fruits, ensuring the formation of early production and improving efficiency thin-shelled pecans, provide a benchmark for large-scale production of thin-shelled pecans, and meet the domestic market demand for the nuts

However, in the actual planting process, the method above PE 2022/5500 lacks effective planning of the rational allocation of varieties and the proportion of fertilizer, and by the usual experience when irrigating , 1t is difficult to perform effective irrigation treatment according to subsequent weather changes, while extensive management makes effective weed control around thin-shelled pecan trees.

Thus, the production of thin-shelled pecans is reduced, hence the need for a high yield cultivation method of thin-shelled pecans.

Content of the invention The object of the invention is to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art, namely the confusion of varieties, the difficulty of pollination and the difficulty of carrying out an effective irrigation treatment according to weather changes. later, while the extended management makes effective weed removal around thin-shelled pecan trees, thereby reducing the yield of thin-shelled pecans,A high-yielding method of growing pecans at thin shell is proposed.

To achieve the above objective, the invention uses the following technical scheme: Method of high yield cultivation of thin-shelled pecans comprising the following steps:

Step 1: Selection of planting area: the PH value of the soil is BE2022/5500 7-8, and the salt content of the soil is less than 0.2%, while the soil depth of the selected area should be greater than 2 meters; Step 2: Selection of planting varieties: the ratio of main varieties to pollinated varieties is (4.0-6.0):1, of which main varieties are Mahan, Jinhua and Wichita, and pollinated varieties Boni and Kado ; Step 3: Planting the thin-shelled mountain kernel: soil preparation in the selected area, then determining the cultivation density, preparing the seedlings at the same time, when planting is completed, fixed drying and eliminating the sprouting of the seedlings ; Step 4: Regular weeding: At this time, the image of the planting area is acquired by an outdoor drone, then the image is transmitted to the computer for identification, and the growth of weeds around the young trees is identified by the computer, then weeding is carried out; Step 5: Scientific and precise fertilization: N:P:K is 5:2:3 at the beginning of fruiting, N:P:K is 2:1:2 during full fruiting period.

According to the results of the analysis of leaf samples taken in the summer (July) of the previous year, the fertilizer is applied scientifically, the ratio is adjusted, the inorganic fertilizer is combined with irrigation, and the amount of Fertilizer is determined according to the PE 2022/5500 size and yield of the trees.

Fertilization twice a year, the first time in mid-late May, the quick-acting fertilizer mainly accounted for 30%-40% of the year, and the second time in late August-late September, the long-acting fertilizer 5 times accounted for mainly 60% to 70% of the year.

In general, gently dig an annular ditch in the canopy projection of 1/3 to 2/3, with a depth of 40 cm; The sloping ground digs a semi-annular ditch of 1.5m-2m on the upward slope of the tree, with a depth of 40cm.

After closing, some horizontal ditches can be dug between the trees, and the fertilizer can be applied evenly in the ditch to cover the soil. It is not advisable to spread on the surface;

Step 6: Interplanting: In previous years after planting, the crown of seedlings is weak, and other crops are interplanted without affecting the growth space of seedlings;

Step 7: Irrigation and drainage: external hydrological data is obtained by computer, planted data from previous years is analyzed, short-term hydrological data is linked to irrigation and drainage data, and an "irrigation and drainage model drainage” is established;

Step 8: Plastic pruning: pruning the branches and leaves of thin-shelled walnut trees in different periods.

The above technical scheme further includes: PE 2022/5500 The specific content of soil preparation is as follows: it is best to prepare soils in late autumn and early winter of the last year for planting in spring, a month before planting for land preparation in the fall, and flat land is prepared in blocks; The sloping soil is prepared in a strip along the contour line or in the shape of a hole, and the top soil is piled separately from the central soil as much as possible when preparing the soil, so that the top soil is placed at the bottom of the planting hole when filling, to facilitate the resumption of tree growth as soon as possible.

Try to dig large pits before the determination of the value, with a depth of 0.8-1.0 x 0.8-1.0 m, the spacing of the rows of plants of which is 6 x 8 m in the plains and 4 x 6 m in the mountains.

The planting process should be completed after the trees have lost their leaves in late November and before the ground freezes over. When filling the soil, each hole should first be filled with 10-20kg of rotten organic fertilizer or 1kg of compound fertilizer, evenly mixed with the topsoil and filled to the bottom of the hole. Seedlings should be placed in the hole, straightened, and then returned to the ground. Make the root system and the soil tight, there is no margin.

The height of fixed drying is usually 0.6-0.8 m, while BE 2022/5500 applying wound healing agent or antiseptic and moisturizing paint, and wiping the buds on the rootstock and the excess side buds below the height of the fixed drying in time after germination to prevent the loss of nutrients from the tree.

During weeding, the weeding location is located by computer, and the weeds in an area of 1-2 square meters of young trees are cleaned.

First irrigation before germination in spring, second 1 irrigation before flower bud germination, third irrigation during fruit swelling and hard core period, fourth irrigation after harvest until soil freezing, 30-60kg/plant for young trees under 6 years old and 70-150kg/plant for large trees under 7 years old, the amount of irrigation is adjusted according to the “irrigation and drainage pattern”. Young trees whiten the trunk below 1m in early and mid-December; Thin-shelled pecans lack zinc, the soil is fertilized in February with zinc sulfate or zinc chelates, and the leaves are fertilized in April with 2.5%o (36%) zinc sulfate , at this time, the zinc is sprayed with insecticides.

Use chemicals, insecticidal lamps, sound waves, etc. to control pests and diseases and hunt wild animals BE2022/5500.

Compared to the prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are: When using the invention, the growth environment of the thin-shell mountain core is improved by fixing the planting area at a spacing of 8 x 10 m plant rows and planting plants by mu, and the weed growth situation around the young trees can be effectively collected by the cooperative use of UAV and computer, and the weeding task is formulated 10 according to the distribution of weeds.Then effective weed suppression around the thin-shelled pecans is carried out to ensure the normal growth of the thin-shelled pecans, while the ratio between the main planted varieties and pollinated varieties (4.0-6.0): 1, which can make thin-shelled nuts can be pollinated during flowering, thereby increasing the production of thin-shelled nuts this in the later period, and at the same time it is possible to work out irrigation and drainage data according to the recent development of hydrological data, which guarantees the normal growth of thin-shelled pecans.

Specific implementation methods Example 1 In the first step, the PH value of the soil is 7.5, and the salt content of the soil is 0.018%, while the soil depth in the selected PE 2022/5500 area must be more than 2 meters, the ratio of the main varieties and the pollinated varieties is (4.0-6.0): 1, of which the main varieties are Mahan and Jinhua, and the pollinated varieties are Bon1;

The second step is to prepare the ground in the selected area.

It is best to prepare the ground in late fall and early winter of the previous year for spring planting, and a month before planting for fall planting.

The sloping soil is prepared in a strip along the contour line or in the shape of a hole, and the top soil is piled separately from the central soil as much as possible when preparing the soil, so that the top soil is placed at the bottom of the planting hole when filling, to facilitate the resumption of tree growth as soon as possible;

Next, determine the density of cultivation, try to dig large pits before fixing, the depth is 0.8-1.0 x 0.8-1.0 m, of which the spacing of the rows of plants is 6 x 8 m in the plains, and the plant row spacing is 4 x 6 m in the mountains, or 12 plants per mu of land;

At the same time, the seedlings are prepared, the planting process is selected at the end of November after the trees have lost their leaves and before the ground is frozen, each hole is filled with 10-20kg of organic fertilizer rotten or 1kg of compound fertilizer, evenly mixed with the surface soil and filled to the bottom of the hole, PE 2022/5500 seedlings are placed in the hole, straightened, and then returned to the ground, the soil is buried in the system Stretch the root system,Make the root system and the soil tight without gap;

When the planting is completed, the saplings are dried and degermed, and the height of the fixed drying is generally 0.6-0.8m, while applying wound healing agent or anti-corrosion and moisturizing paint , and after germination, the sprouts on the rootstock and the excess side buds under the height of the fixed drying are wiped off in time to prevent the loss of nutrients from the tree;

In the third step, the image of the planting area is collected by an outdoor drone at this time, after the acquisition, the image is transmitted to the computer for identification, the growth of weeds around the young trees is identified by the computer, then the weeding is carried out, during the weeding process, the position of the weeding is located by the computer, and the weeds in an area of 1-2 square meters of the young trees are cleaned;

The fourth step is scientific and precise fertilization: N:P:K is 5:2:3 at the beginning of fruit period; N:P:K is 2:1:2 during the fruiting period, and fertilizer is usually applied scientifically based on the results of analysis of leaf samples taken the previous summer (July), adjusting properly PE 2022/5500 proportion, and inorganic fertilizer can be combined with irrigation.

The amount of fertilizer applied is determined according to the size and yield of the tree, the tree that produces 5 kg of nuts is applied annually 1.5 kg of compound fertilizer and 20 kg to 30 kg of rotten organic fertilizer. Fertilizing is divided into two times a year, the first in mid-late May, mainly quick-acting fertilizers, which account for 30%-40% of the year, and the second in late August-late September, mainly long-acting fertilizers, which account for 60% to 70% of the year.

In general, gently dig an annular ditch in the canopy projection of 1/3 to 2/3, with a depth of 40 cm; On the slope, a semi-annular ditch is dug on the upward slope of the tree 1.5m-2m, with a depth of 40cm, and horizontal ditches can be dug between the trees after closing.

Apply fertilizer evenly in the ditch and cover the ground, it is not advisable to apply it to the surface; In the fifth stage, the crown of seedlings is weak in previous years after planting, and other crops are intercropped without affecting the growth space of seedlings;

The sixth step is to obtain external hydrological data by computer and analyze previous years' planting data, link short-term hydrological data with irrigation and drainage data, establish an "irrigation and drainage

», the first irrigation before germination in spring, the second PE 2022/5500 irrigation before the germination of flower buds, the third irrigation during fruit expansion and the hard core period.

After harvest until the fourth irrigation before the ground freezes, young trees under 6 years old are irrigated with 30-60 kg/plant each time, and large trees under 7 years old are irrigated with 70-60 kg/plant. 150kg/plant each time, the amount of irrigation is adjusted according to the "irrigation and drainage pattern"; The seventh step is to prune the branches and leaves of thin-shelled walnut trees in different periods, the first year of plastic pruning: when building the garden, strong seedlings should be chosen about 1.5 cm in diameter from the soil, a fixed drying height of 60-80cm after planting, keep 3-4 buds near the fixed drying height, the other buds should be cleared in time, and in July, choose the strongest neutral branches as central trunk.

Other branches open at 50-60° in July-August taking branches, pulling branches, etc.; Plastic pruning for the second year: Continue to strengthen the growth of the 3-4 main branches of the previous year, when they are long enough, cut short to 1.2 m from the ground, less than 1.2 meters, then leave cut short until the following year; Plastic size for the 3rd year:

One month after branch germination, when the new shoots PE 2022/5500 reach more than 50 cm in that year, the heart of each new shoot is collected, around mid-late June, 3-4 young shoots will be collected from each branch, that is, the fruit-bearing branches of the fourth year, and the central trunk should be cut short in autumn

1/5;

The fourth grade plastic size:

As the first layer of fruit branches have flowered for the most part, the fruit branches will stop branching; For non-flowering and non-fruiting branches, those with high growth potential should be picked in mid-late May; When the central trunk reaches 1.8 meters in length, it should be cut short to promote the germination of the second layer of main branches;

Plastic size for the 5th year:

The pruning objects are the strong non-flowering branches and the main branches of the second layer, which are picked at the end of May, which promotes the formation of fruit-bearing mother branches the following year.

At the same time, weak and overlapping branches should be cut from the base;

The plastic size of the 6th grade:

At present, thin-shelled pecans are basically processed from vegetative growth to reproductive growth, in addition to continuing to pick some strong branches at the end of PE 2022/5500 May, it is necessary to adjust the branches too dense and other adjustments to make them evolve towards the open space; For diseased and insect branches, dry branches and overlapping branches, they should be cut from the base in the fall to facilitate wound healing, Fn this time,Thin-shelled walnut trees basically form a stratified ideal trunk of 5 -6m tall, and young trees whiten the trunk below 1m in early and mid-December.

Based on a high-yield cultivation method of thin-shelled pecan according to Example 1, the growth environment of thin-shelled pecan kernel is improved by fixing the planting area at a distance between the rows of 6 x 8 m and planting 12 plants per mu, and the weed growth situation around the young trees can be effectively collected by the cooperative use of UAV and computer, and the task of weeding Then, effective weed control around thin-shelled pecans is carried out to ensure the normal growth of thin-shelled pecans, while the ratio of main planted varieties to pollinated varieties (4.0-6, 0):1, which can make thin-shelled walnuts pollinate when flowering, thereby increasing the yield of thin-shelled walnuts in the later period, while establishing a "model of It is possible to elaborate data of irrigation tion and drainage

. . . . BE2022/5500 according to the recent development of hydrological data, which ensures the normal growth of thin-shelled pecans, and to select 10 mu of land according to the planting method of the above embodiment, the data after planting are indicated in the following table:

Number Number of years | Total number of Production Yield per plant after total mu el (average)

eee coins colonization

| 6 |L 10| 120 | 1982KG 16.54KG 2456KG 20.5KG | 8 | 10 | 120 | 3120KG 26KG

Example 2

In the first step, the PH value of the soil is 7-8, and the salt content of the soil is less than 0.02%, while the depth of the soil in the selected area should be more than 2 meters, and the main variety is Mahan;

The second step is to prepare the ground in the selected area.

It is best to prepare the ground in late fall and early winter of the previous year for spring planting, and a month before planting for fall planting.

The sloping soil is prepared in a strip along the contour line or in the shape of a hole, and the top soil is piled separately from the central soil as much as possible when preparing the soil, so that the top soil is placed at the bottom of the planting hole when filling, to facilitate the resumption of tree growth as soon as possible; EP 2022/5500

Next, determine the density of cultivation, try to dig large pits before fixing, the depth is 0.8-1.0 x 0.8-1.0 m, of which the spacing of the rows of plants is 6 x 8 m in the plains, and the plant row spacing is 4 x 6 m in the mountains, or 12 plants per mu of land;

At the same time, the seedlings are prepared, the planting process is selected at the end of November after the trees have lost their leaves and before the ground is frozen, each hole is filled with 10-20kg of organic fertilizer rotten or 1kg of compound fertilizer, evenly mixed with the surface soil and filled to the bottom of the hole, the seedlings are placed in the hole, straightened, and then returned to the ground, the soil is buried in the system Stretch the root system, Make the root system and the soil tight without gaps;

When the planting is completed, the saplings are dried and degermed, and the height of the fixed drying is generally 0.6-0.8m, while applying wound healing agent or anti-corrosion and moisturizing paint , and after germination, the sprouts on the rootstock and the excess side buds under the height of the fixed drying are wiped off in time to prevent the loss of nutrients from the tree;

In the third step, the image of the planting area is collected by an outdoor drone at this time, after the acquisition, the image is BE2022/5500 transmitted to the computer for identification, the growth of weeds around the saplings is identified by the computer, then the weeding is carried out, during the weeding process, the position of the weeding is located by the computer, and the weeds in an area of 1-2 square meters of the saplings are cleaned; The fourth stage, the initial fruit period N:P:K is 5:2:3; N:P:K is 2:1:2 during the period of full fruiting, and the amount of fertilizer is determined according to the size and yield of the tree.

The tree that produces 5 kg of nuts is applied 1.5 kg of compound fertilizer every year, and the rotten organic fertilizer is 20 kg to 30 kg, which is divided into two times a year.

The first time in mid-late May, quick-acting fertilizer is the main one, and the amount of Long-term fertilizer is the main one, and the amount of fertilizer applied is 60%-70% of the year.Fn general, gently dig an annular ditch in the canopy projection of 1/3 to 2/3, with a depth of 40 cm; The sloping ground digs a semi-annular ditch of 1.5m-2m on the upward slope of the tree, with a depth of 40cm.

After closure, some horizontal ditches can be dug between the trees.

Fertilizer can be applied evenly in the ditch and covered with soil, it is not appropriate to spread it on the surface.

In the fifth stage, the crown of seedlings is weak in previous years after planting, and other crops are intercropped PE 2022/5500 without affecting the growth space of seedlings; The sixth step is to obtain external hydrological data by computer and analyze previous years' planting data, link short-term hydrological data with irrigation and drainage data, establish an "irrigation and drainage", the first irrigation before germination in spring, the second irrigation before the germination of flower buds, the third irrigation during fruit expansion and the hard core period.

After harvest until the fourth irrigation before the ground freezes, young trees under 6 years old are irrigated with 30-60 kg/plant each time, and large trees under 7 years old are irrigated with 70-60 kg/plant. 150kg/plant each time, the amount of irrigation is adjusted according to the "irrigation and drainage pattern";

The seventh step is to prune the branches and leaves of thin-shelled walnut trees in different periods, the first year of plastic pruning: when building the garden, strong seedlings should be chosen about 1.5 cm in diameter from the soil, a fixed drying height of 60-80cm after planting, keep 3-4 buds near the fixed drying height, the other buds should be cleared in time, and in July, choose the strongest neutral branches as central trunk. Other branches open at 50-60 ° in July-August taking branches, pulling branches, etc.; BE 2028/9500

Plastic size for the second year:

Continue to strengthen the growth of the 3-4 main branches from the previous year, when they are long enough, cut short to 1.2 m from the ground, less than 1.2 meters, then leave to cut short until the Next year;

Plastic size for the 3rd year:

One month after branches sprouting, when the new shoots reach more than 50cm in that year, the core of each new shoot is collected, around mid-late June, 3-4 young shoots will be collected from each branch, c 'that is, the fruit-bearing branches of the fourth year, and the central trunk should be cut short in autumn 1/5; The plastic pruning of the fourth year: As the first layer of fruit branches have flowered for the most part, the fruit branches will stop growing branches; For non-flowering and non-fruiting branches, those with high growth potential should be picked in mid-late May; When the central trunk reaches 1.8 meters in length, it should be cut short to promote the germination of the second layer of main branches; Plastic size for the 5th year:

Pruning objects are the strong non-flowering branches and the main branches of the second layer, which are picked at the end of May,

which promotes the formation of fruit-bearing mother branches the following year. PE 2022/5500 At the same time, weak and overlapping branches should be cut from the base; The plastic pruning of the 6th year: At present, thin-shelled pecans are basically processed from vegetative growth to reproductive growth, in addition to continue to pick some strong branches at the end of May, it is necessary to adjust too dense branches and other adjustments to make them evolve into the open space; For diseased and insect branches, dry branches and overlapping branches, they should be cut from the base in the fall to facilitate wound healing, Fn this time,Thin-shelled walnut trees basically form a stratified ideal trunk of 5 -6m tall, and young trees whiten the trunk below 1m in early and mid-December.

Based on a method of high-yield cultivation of thin-shelled pecans according to Example 2, due to the lack of proportional planting of main varieties and pollinated varieties, it is difficult to pollinate on a large scale thin-shelled pecans during the flowering process, which reduces the subsequent yield, and the data after planting according to the planting method of the above example are shown in the following table: of years mu total of total one piece colonization | 6 | 10 | 190 [1353KG | ___113KG | |. 8 | 10 | 120 |2352KG | ___19.6KG | Example III In the first stage, the PH value of the soil is 7-8, and the salt content of the soil is less than 0.02%, while the depth of the soil in the selected area should be more than 2 meters, the ratio of main varieties and pollinated varieties is (4.0-6.0):1, of which the main varieties are Mahan and Wichita, and Kado pollinated varieties; The second step is to prepare the ground in the selected area.

It is best to prepare the ground in late fall and early winter of the previous year for spring planting, and a month before planting for fall planting.

The sloping soil is prepared in a strip along the contour line or in the shape of a hole, and the top soil is piled separately from the central soil as much as possible when preparing the soil, so that the top soil is placed at the bottom of the planting hole when filling, to facilitate the resumption of tree growth as soon as possible; Next, determine the density of cultivation, try to dig large pits before fixing, the depth is 0.8-1.0 x 0.8-1.0 m, of which the spacing of the rows of plants is 8 x 10 m in the plains, and the plant row spacing is 4 x 6 m in the mountains PE 2022/5500, with 10 plants per mu of land; At the same time, the seedlings are prepared, the planting process is selected at the end of November after the trees have lost their leaves and before the ground is frozen, each hole is filled with 10-20kg of organic fertilizer rotten or 1kg of compound fertilizer, evenly mixed with the surface soil and filled to the bottom of the hole, the seedlings are placed in the hole, straightened, and then returned to the ground, the soil is buried in the system Stretch the root system, Make the root system and the soil tight without gaps; When the planting is completed, the saplings are dried and degermed, and the height of the fixed drying is generally 0.6-0.8m, while applying wound healing agent or anti-corrosion and moisturizing paint , and after germination, the sprouts on the rootstock and the excess side buds under the height of the fixed drying are wiped off in time to prevent the loss of nutrients from the tree; The third step is to clean weeds in an area of 1-2 square meters of young trees; The fourth stage, the initial fruit period N:P:K is 5:2:3; N:P:K is 2:1:2 during the period of full fruiting, and the amount of fertilizer is determined according to the size and yield of the tree. The tree that produces 5 kg of walnuts is applied 1.5 kg of PE 2022/5500 compound fertilizer every year, and the rotten organic fertilizer is 20 kg to 30 kg, which is divided into two times a year. The first time in mid-late May, quick-acting fertilizer is the main one, and the amount of Long-term fertilizer is the main one, and the amount of fertilizer applied is 60%-70% of the year.Fn general, gently dig an annular ditch in the canopy projection of 1/3 to 2/3, with a depth of 40 cm; The sloping ground digs a semi-annular ditch of 1.5m-2m on the upward slope of the tree, with a depth of 40cm. After closure, some horizontal ditches can be dug between the trees. Fertilizer can be applied evenly in the ditch and covered with soil, it is not appropriate to spread it on the surface.

In the fifth stage, the crown of seedlings is weak in previous years after planting, and other crops are intercropped without affecting the growth space of seedlings; Sixth stage, first irrigation before spring germination, second irrigation before flower bud germination, third irrigation during fruit swelling and hard core period, fourth irrigation after harvest until soil freezing, 30- 60kg/plant for young trees under 6 years old and 70-150kg/plant for large trees under 7 years old; The seventh step is to prune the branches and leaves of the thin-shelled walnut trees in different periods, the first year of pruning PE 2022/5500 plastic: when building the garden, one should choose strong seedlings of about 1.5 cm in soil diameter, a fixed drying height of 60-80cm after planting, keep 3-4 buds near the fixed drying height, the other buds should be cleared in time, and in July choose the neutral branches the strongest as a central trunk. Other branches open at 50-60° in July-August taking branches, pulling branches, etc.; Plastic size for the second year:

Continue to strengthen the growth of the 3-4 main branches from the previous year, when they are long enough, cut short to 1.2 m from the ground, less than 1.2 meters, then leave to cut short until the Next year;

Plastic pruning for the 3rd year: A month after the branches germinate, when the new shoots reach more than 50 cm in that year, the heart of each new shoot is collected, around mid-late June, 3-4 young shoots will be collected from each branch, that is, the fruit-bearing branches of the fourth year, and the central trunk should be cut short in autumn 1/5;

The fourth grade plastic size:

As the first layer of fruit branches have flowered for the most part, the fruit branches will stop branching; For non-flowering and non-fruiting branches, those with PE 2022/5500 high growth potential should be picked in mid-late May; When the central trunk reaches 1.8 meters in length, it should be cut short to promote the germination of the second layer of main branches; Plastic pruning for the 5th year: The objects of pruning are the strong non-flowering branches and the main branches of the second layer, which are picked at the end of May, which promotes the formation of fruit-bearing mother branches the following year. At the same time, weak and overlapping branches should be cut from the base; The plastic pruning of the 6th year: At present, thin-shelled pecans are basically processed from vegetative growth to reproductive growth, in addition to continue to pick some strong branches at the end of May, it is necessary to adjust too dense branches and other adjustments to make them evolve into the open space; For diseased and insect branches, dry branches and overlapping branches, they should be cut from the base in the fall to facilitate wound healing, Fn this time,Thin-shelled walnut trees basically form a stratified ideal trunk of 5 -6m tall, and young trees whiten the trunk below 1m in early and mid-December.

Based on a high-yielding walnut cultivation method

, x . . , , . BE2022/5500 thin-shelled pecan based on example 3, due to lack of weed cover monitoring around the thin-shelled pecan by drones, regularly weeding several times a year, nutrients from pecan neck are not enough, and it is also impossible to schedule watering and drainage according to changes in the short-term hydrological environment,The data after planting 10 mu of land according to the planting method of the example of realization above are indicated in the following table: Number Number Production of years | Production total number of a single after the mu el total piece eee pieces settlement average 6 | 10 | 120 | 1460KG 12.2KG 1982KG 16.7KG 8 | 10 | 100 | 2486KG 22.4KG The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the invention, but the scope of protection of the invention is not limited to this, and anyone skilled in the field of technology who, within the scope of the technology disclosed by the invention, replaces or modifies in an equivalent manner according to the technical scheme of the invention- invention and his invention idea should be covered by the scope of the protection of this invention.

Claims (10)

Claims BE2022/5500 1. Method of high yield cultivation of thin-shelled pecans, characterized by comprising the following steps: Step 1: Selection of planting area: the PH value of the soil is 7-8, and the soil salt content is less than 0.2%, while the soil depth of the selected area should be more than 2 meters; Step 2: Selection of planting varieties: the ratio of main varieties to pollinated varieties is (4.0-6.0):1, of which main varieties are Mahan, Jinhua and Wichita, and pollinated varieties Boni and Kado ; Step 3: Planting the thin-shelled mountain kernel: soil preparation in the selected area, then determining the cultivation density, preparing the seedlings at the same time, when planting is completed, fixed drying and eliminating the sprouting of the seedlings ; Step 4: Regular weeding: At this time, the image of the planting area is acquired by an outdoor drone, then the image is transmitted to the computer for identification, and the growth of weeds around the young trees is identified by the computer, then weeding is carried out; Step 5: Scientific and precise fertilization: N:P:K is 5:2:3 at the beginning of fruiting, N:P:K is 2:1:2 during full fruiting period. According to the results of the analysis of PE 2022/5500 leaf samples taken in the summer (July) of the previous year, the fertilizer is scientifically applied, the ratio is adjusted, the inorganic fertilizer is combined with irrigation, and the amount of fertilizer is determined based on the size and yield of the trees. Fertilization twice a year, The first time in mid-late May, quick-acting fertilizer mainly accounted for 30%-40% of the year, and the second time in late August-late September, long-acting fertilizer mainly accounted for 60% to 70% of the year. In general, gently dig an annular ditch in the projection of the canopy of 1/3 to 2/3, with a depth of 40 cm; The sloping ground digs a semi-annular ditch of 1.5m-2m on the upward slope of the tree, with a depth of 40cm. After closing, some horizontal ditches can be dug between the trees, and the fertilizer can be applied evenly in the ditch to cover the soil. It is not advisable to spread on the surface; Step 6: Interplanting: In previous years after planting, the crown of seedlings is weak, and other crops are interplanted without affecting the growth space of seedlings; Step 7: Irrigation and drainage: external hydrological data is obtained by computer, planted data from previous years is analyzed, short-term hydrological data is linked to irrigation and drainage data, and an "irrigation and drainage model drainage” is established; PE 2022/5500 Step 8: Plastic pruning: pruning the branches and leaves of thin-shelled walnut trees at different times. 2. A method of high-yield cultivation of thin-shelled pecans according to claim 1, characterized in that the specific content of soil preparation is: spring planting is preferably prepared in late autumn and in the beginning of winter of the previous year, autumn planting is prepared one month before planting, and block soil preparation is used on the flat ground; The sloping soil should be prepared in a strip along the contour line or in the shape of a hole, and the upper soil and the middle soil should be stacked separately as much as possible when preparing the soil. In order for the surface soil to be placed at the bottom of the planting hole during backfilling, to facilitate the resumption of tree growth as quickly as possible. 3. A method of high-yield cultivation of thin-shelled pecans according to claim 1, characterized in that a large pit is dug as much as possible before the value determination, at a depth of 0.8 to 1, 0 x 0.8 to 1.0 m, in which the spacing of plant rows is 6 x 8 m in the plains and 4 x 6 m in the mountains. 4. A method of high yield cultivation of thin-shelled pecans according to claim 1, characterized in that the planting process is selected to be completed after leaf fall of the PE 2022/5500 trees at the end of November. and before the soil freezes, and in that 10-20 kg of rotten organic fertilizer or 1 kg of compound fertilizer is put into each hole when filling the soil, evenly mixed with the surface soil and filled to the bottom duWhen planting, first bury the soil in the root system, then gently lift the seedlings and lift them several times to stretch the root system, so that the roots and soil are tightly packed without gaps. 5. A high-yield cultivation method of thin-shelled pecan nuts according to claim 1, characterized in that the fixed drying height is generally 0.6 to 0.8 m in the elimination of sprouting, in simultaneously applying wound healing agent or antiseptic and moisturizing paint, and erasing sprouts on the rootstock and excess side buds below the fixed drying height in time after germination 6. A method of high-yielding cultivation of thin-shelled pecans according to claim 1, characterized in that weeds in a range of 1-2 square meters of young trees are cleared by positioning the weeding location by computer during the weeding process. 7. A method of high yield cultivation of thin-shelled pecans according to claim 1, characterized in that the first irrigation before germination in spring, the second irrigation before PE 2022/5500 flower bud germination, the third irrigation during the period of fruit swelling and hard core, and the fourth irrigation after harvest until the soil is frozen, young trees under 6 years old are irrigated 30-60 kg/ Large trees under 7-year-olds are irrigated 70-150 kg/plant each time. The irrigation volume is adjusted according to the "irrigation and drainage pattern". 8. A method of high yield cultivation of thin-shelled pecans according to claim 1, characterized in that the saplings whiten the trunks below 1 m in early and mid-December. 9. A method of high yield cultivation of thin-shelled pecans according to claim 1, characterized in that the thin-shelled pecans are deficient in zinc, in that the zinc sulphate or the zinc chelate is used for soil fertilization in February, and in that in April zinc sulphate (36%) is used for leaf fertilization, and at this time zinc is sprayed with 10. A method of high-yield cultivation of thin-shelled pecans according to claim 1, characterized in that chemical agents, insecticidal lamps, sound waves, etc. are used to control pests and diseases and to hunt wild animals.