AU655318B2 - Methods for inhibiting metal corrosion in aqueous systems - Google Patents
Methods for inhibiting metal corrosion in aqueous systems Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- AU655318B2 AU655318B2 AU25360/92A AU2536092A AU655318B2 AU 655318 B2 AU655318 B2 AU 655318B2 AU 25360/92 A AU25360/92 A AU 25360/92A AU 2536092 A AU2536092 A AU 2536092A AU 655318 B2 AU655318 B2 AU 655318B2
- Authority
- AU
- Australia
- Prior art keywords
- corrosion
- alkyl
- benzotriazole compound
- methods
- aqueous system
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 title claims description 28
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 title claims description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 28
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims description 18
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 18
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 13
- -1 alkyl benzotriazole compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 17
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000012964 benzotriazole Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- IPIVUPVIFPKFTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-butyl-2h-benzotriazole Chemical compound CCCCC1=CC=CC2=C1N=NN2 IPIVUPVIFPKFTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003139 biocide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003115 biocidal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 claims 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 150000004763 sulfides Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 5
- LEQAOMBKQFMDFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N glyoxal Chemical compound O=CC=O LEQAOMBKQFMDFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 4
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DBVJJBKOTRCVKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Etidronic acid Chemical compound OP(=O)(O)C(O)(C)P(O)(O)=O DBVJJBKOTRCVKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzotriazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N[N][N]C2=C1 QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005660 chlorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229940015043 glyoxal Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- OCVLSHAVSIYKLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3h-1,3-thiazole-2-thione Chemical compound SC1=NC=CS1 OCVLSHAVSIYKLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CMGDVUCDZOBDNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-2h-benzotriazole Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC2=NNN=C12 CMGDVUCDZOBDNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000554 Admiralty brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SXRSQZLOMIGNAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glutaraldehyde Chemical compound O=CCCCC=O SXRSQZLOMIGNAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001209 Low-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000388 Polyphosphate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005708 Sodium hypochlorite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003373 anti-fouling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003851 azoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001996 bearing alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001565 benzotriazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009867 copper metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- OMZSGWSJDCOLKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[Cu+2] OMZSGWSJDCOLKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002939 deleterious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-J diphosphate(4-) Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 235000011180 diphosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009533 lab test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002906 microbiologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000151 polyglycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010695 polyglycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001205 polyphosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011176 polyphosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003134 recirculating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000246 remedial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003352 sequestering agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052979 sodium sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium sulfide (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[S-2] GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011272 standard treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005494 tarnishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003852 triazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003752 zinc compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F11/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent
- C23F11/08—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent in other liquids
- C23F11/10—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent in other liquids using organic inhibitors
- C23F11/14—Nitrogen-containing compounds
- C23F11/149—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen as hetero atom
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Preventing Corrosion Or Incrustation Of Metals (AREA)
Description
-I
655318
AUSTRALIA
Patents Act 1990 COMPLETE SPECIFICATION STANIDARD PATENT t'tt t I, I lilt I, It i I.
II. 4 I, I t ci Applicant BETZ INTERNATIONAL, INC.
A.R.B.N. 001 775 551 Invention Title: METHODS FOR INHIBITING METAL CORROSION IN AQUEOUS SYSTEMS The following statement is a full description of this invention, including the best method of performing it known to me/us:
IA
Y-713 METHODS FOR INHIBITING METAL CORROSION IN AQUEOUS SYSTEMS FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention pertains to methods for inhibiting the corrosion of metals in aqueous systems. The present invention 5 more particularly pertains to simultaneously inhibiting the corrosion of iron-containing and copper-containing metals in cooling water systems that are contaminated by sour leaks.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION In many refining operations, cooling water systems are 10 often used. Heat exchangers and refrigeration units are commonly used during petrochemical and refining operations. Water is used as the heat exchange fluid.
Iron and/or copper-bearing alloys are commonly the metals of fabrication of heat exchangers, as well as othdf parts in contact with cooling water, such as pump impellers, stators, and valve parts. -2- The cooling water systems most often used are of the recirculating type so that the water is used repetitively and remains in contact with the metals of the cooling system. In refinery operations, these cooling waters are often contaminated by "sour" leaks which contain hydrocarbons, organic sulfides and hydrogen sulfide.
These contaminants can be very deleterious if they are left untreated. They will quickly overwhelm any standard operating treatment. The hydrocarbons can coat the metal surfaces of I 10 the cooling system and prevent corrosion inhibitors from working I correctly. Sulfide ions can cause severe corrosion of metals, I which can eventually result in catastrophic failure of metal i components.
Sour leaks and the attendant corrosion and scale problems 15 have been problematic in refineries for years, despite various attempts to inhibit their effects. When these leaks have overwhelmed standard treatments, remedial additive treatments were introduced which typically addressed a specific metallurgy, and at best offered limited improvement. The inventors of the present invention have surprisingly found that the methods described herein provide simultaneously effective inhibition for both iron-containing and copper-containing metals exposed to sour 3 leaks.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION I I (i I I, The present invention provides for methods for inhibiting the corrosion of metal in aqueous systems. Alkyl benzotriazole compounds such as butyl benzotriazole have been found to effectively inhibit the corrosion of iron-containing and copper-containing metals in contact with cooling water systems that contain sulfides and hydrocarbons as a result of a sour leak.
DESCRIPTION OF THE RELATED ART U.S. Patent No. 3,029,202, Brown et al., April 1962 10 describes methods of treating water containing sulfur impurities using oxidation catalysts.
U.S. Patent No. 4,680,127, Edmondson, July 1987 discloses a method for reducing the amount of hydrogen sulfide in an aqueous system. The methods provide for adding a combination of glyoxal 15 and formaldehyde or glutaraldehyde or glyoxal alone to the aqueous medium.
U.S. Patent No. 4,867,944, Bucher et al., September 1989 discloses a method for inhibiting the corrosion of carbon steel in cooling tower systems. The corrosion inhibiting composition comprises a water soluble zinc compound, a water-soluble molybdate compound, a water-soluble orthophosphate, a water-soluble polyphosphate and a dispersant.
I
Sell Ii
*I
-4- Rogers, et al., National Association of Corrosion Engineers, Corrosion 87, Conference Paper No. 151 (1987), discloses treating sour leaks in heat exchanger systems. The methods employ triazoles such as benzotriazole in combination with sequestrants to inhibit corrosion in cooling systems. The use of azoles alone yielded inadequate inhibition.
Schreifels, et al., Corrosion, Vol. 45(1989), pp.
84-91, discloses experimental results for benzotriazole and 2-mercaptothiazole as copper corrosion inhibitors in kerosene.
These compounds did not inhibit copper sulfide formation.
Japanese Patent 51-139,162 discloses making an antifouling composition useful in suppressing pitting of a copper alloy by the action of a sulfide comprising treating a water insoluble compound with an n'qanic solvent, a surfactant and a 15 benzotriazole compound.
t British Patent No. 1,065,995 teaches that 5-alkyl substituted benzotriazoles are effective in reducing corrosion or S' tarnish of copper items in glycolic solvents or in lubricants, or to resist tarnishing in the presence of atmospheric sulfides.
t 1 20 United States No. 4,744,950, Hollander, May 1988 discloses a method of providing a corrosion inhibiting film on copper-containing metals in contact with an open cooling water system. The films, are provided by C 3 to C 6 substituted alkyl benzotriazoles.
i* DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Methods for inhibiting the corrosion of iron-containing and copper-containing metals in contact with cooling water are described. These methods comprise adding to said cooling water containing sulfides, hydrocarbons and mixtures thereof an effective amount for the purpose of an alkyl benzotriazole compound.
The methods of the present invention are particularly useful when the aqueous system is contaminated by a sour leak.
These aqueous systems are mostly cooling water systems associated with refinery operations. These leaks contain sulfides and hydrocarbons such as crude oil, diesel fuel, naphthas, kerosene and gasoline cut hydrocarbons. In a typical refinery operation, both sulfides and hydrocarbons will be present in a cooling system that is experiencing a sour leak. The introduction of these contaminants will rapidly cause corrosive attack of the ironsystem.
The methods of the present invention can be applied to cooling water systems that are not suffering from sour leaks but merely to treat for residual sulfide ions. These methods can also be applied with other corrosion inhibiting agents, as well as microbiological control species such as oxidizing and nonoxidizing biocides.
I
-6- A particular advantage of the present invention is that it maintains low corrosion rates for both iron and copper metallurgies simultaneously under the extremely aggressive conditions that occur when both an oxidizing biocide, such as chlorine, and sulfide are present in the system at the same time. In fact, the addition of chlorine is often increased in response to sour leaks.
The preferred alkyl benzotriazole compound is butyl benzotriazole. Tt;e compounds may be applied in any conventional Smanner and can be fed to the cooling water neat or by any suitable carrier means. Water, glycol and polyglycols can be used as the solvent. However, aqueous solutions are preferred.
The addition of the compounds to the cooling water can be either intermittent or continuous, continuous being preferred.
The treatment dosages of the alkyl benzotriazole compounds are 15 dependent upon the severity of the sour leak. Accordingly, a ,range from about 0.1 parts per million to about 100 parts per million alkyl benzotriazole compound should be added. Preferably, ;the compound should be added from about 1 part per million to about 15 parts per million.
The data set forth below demonstrate the unexpected results occasioned by use of this invention. The following example is included as being an illustration of the invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope thereof.
_I -7-
EXAMPLE
Chlorinated recirculator testing was performed using the treated water as described in Table A. The sour leak was simulated by the continual feed of the equivalent of 2 parts per million (as H 9 S) of aqueous sodium sulfide to the recirculator. The temperature was kept at 120 0 F and the pH was actively controlled at 7.2. The condition of chlorination was simulated by the continual feed of 0.9% solution of sodium hypochlorite at the rate of 1 ml per hour into the 11 liter system. Butyl benzotriazole was added to the treated water as an additional inhibitor at a level of 6 parts per million. Both low carbon steel and Admiralty brass ccoupons were exposed to the water for 7 days. The test results appear in Table I.
t ts t.
-8- TABLE A Ca+2(ppm as CaC0 3 600 Mg+ 2 (ppm as CaCO 3 264 Cl (ppm as C1-) 555 SSO4- 2 (ppm as S04-2) 400 Silicate (ppm as Si02) Orthophosphate (ppm as P0 4 3 12 Pyrophosphate (ppm as P0 4 3 Tolyltriazole (ppm) 4
HEDP
1 (ppm) 1.6 Active Polymer (ppm) 12 1 HEDP l-hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid TABLE I Steel Brass Corrosion Corrosion Additional Rate Rate S"Leak Condition Inhibitor (nmil/ r) (mil/vr) Sour leak nbne 7.4 2.6 Sour leak Butyl-BZT 1.4 0.7 I 20 Butyl-BZT Butyl Benzotriazole Table I indicates the ability to protect both steel and copper containing metals in the presence of sulfides and chlorination. The visual appearance of the coupons and the heated -9steel tube present in the experiments showed less corrosion when butyl benzotriazole was present. These results are totally unexpected considering the severity of the laboratory test conditions and actual field experience.
C: C
CI:
,c While this invention has been described with respect to particular embodiments thereof, it is apparent that numerous other forms and modifications will be obvious to those skilled in the art. The appended claims generally should be construed to cover all such obvious forms and modifications which are within the true spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method of simultaneously inhibiting the corrosion of iron-containing and copper-containing metals in contact with an aqueous system containing a contaminant selected from the group consisting of sulfides, hydrocarbons and mixtures thereof comprising adding to said aqueous system an effective amount for the purpose of an alkyl benzotriazole compound.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1 wherein said alkyl benzotriazole compound is butyl benzotriazole.
3. The method as claimed in claim 1 wherein from about 0.1 o, parts per million to about 100 parts per million of said alkyl benzotriazole compound is added to said aqueous system.
4. The method as claimed in claim 3 wherein from about 1 part per million to about 15 parts per million of said alkyl benzotriazole compound is added to said aqueous system.
The method as claimed in claim 1 wherein said alkyl 'benzotriazole compound is added intermittently. i
6. The method as claimed in claim 1 wherein an oxidizing biocide, or a non-oxidizing biocide, or a combination thereof is added to raid aqueous system.
7. The method as claimed in claim 6 wherein said oxidizing biocide is chlorine.
8. The method as claimed in claim 1 wherein said aqueous system is a cooling water system. DATED THIS 25TH DAY OF SEPTEMBER 1992 BETZ INTERNATIONAL, INC. By its Patent Attorneys: GRIFFITH HACK CO. Fellows Institute cf Patent Attorneys of Australia ii i ABSTRACT Methods are provided for inhibiting the corrosion of metals in certain aqueous systems. The methods comprise adding an effective amount of an alkyl benzotriazole compound to the system for which corrosion inhibition is desired. tr'c r
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US76814591A | 1991-09-30 | 1991-09-30 | |
| US768145 | 1991-09-30 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| AU2536092A AU2536092A (en) | 1993-04-01 |
| AU655318B2 true AU655318B2 (en) | 1994-12-15 |
Family
ID=25081677
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU25360/92A Ceased AU655318B2 (en) | 1991-09-30 | 1992-09-25 | Methods for inhibiting metal corrosion in aqueous systems |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU655318B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2074983A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8470238B2 (en) | 2008-11-20 | 2013-06-25 | Nalco Company | Composition and method for controlling copper discharge and erosion of copper alloys in industrial systems |
| US10669503B2 (en) | 2014-02-25 | 2020-06-02 | Jon A. Petty | Corrosion inhibiting hydraulic fluid additive |
| CA2939801A1 (en) * | 2014-02-25 | 2015-09-03 | Jon A. Petty | Corrosion inhibiting hydraulic fluid additive |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1065995A (en) * | 1963-12-06 | 1967-04-19 | Geigy Uk Ltd | Benzotriazoles and their production |
| US4744950A (en) * | 1984-06-26 | 1988-05-17 | Betz Laboratories, Inc. | Method of inhibiting the corrosion of copper in aqueous mediums |
-
1992
- 1992-07-30 CA CA 2074983 patent/CA2074983A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1992-09-25 AU AU25360/92A patent/AU655318B2/en not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1065995A (en) * | 1963-12-06 | 1967-04-19 | Geigy Uk Ltd | Benzotriazoles and their production |
| US4744950A (en) * | 1984-06-26 | 1988-05-17 | Betz Laboratories, Inc. | Method of inhibiting the corrosion of copper in aqueous mediums |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA2074983A1 (en) | 1993-03-31 |
| AU2536092A (en) | 1993-04-01 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MK14 | Patent ceased section 143(a) (annual fees not paid) or expired |