AU639772B2 - Fast dissolving sweetening agent including caramel - Google Patents

Description

OPI DATE 06/10/92 AOJP DATE 12/11/92 APPLN. ID 74975 91 PCT NUMBER PCT/US91/01489 N TREATY (PCT) INTERf (51) International Patent Classification 5 (11) International Publication Number: WO 92/15205 A23L 1/236 Al (43) International Publication Date: 17 September 1992 (17.09.92) (21) International Application Number: PCT/US91/01489 Published With international search report.

(22) International Filing Date: 6 March 1991 (06.03.91) (71) Applicant: THE NUTRASWEET COMPANY [US/US]; Box 730, 1751 Lake Cook Road, Deerfield, IL 60015 639772 (72) Inventor: TSAU, Josef, H. 5348 Brummel Street, Skokie, IL 60076 (US).

(74) Agent: HOSTER, Jeffrey, The N,'traSweet Company, Box 730, 1751 Lake Cook Road, Deerfield, IL 60015

(US).

(81) Designated States: AT (European patent), AU, BE (European patent), BR, CA, CH (European patent), DE (European patent), DK (European patent), ES (European patent), FI, FR (European patent), GB (European patent), GR (European patent), IT (European patent), JP, KR, LU (European patent), NL (European patent), NO, SE (European patent).

(54) Title: FAST DISSOLVING SWEETENING AGENT INCLUDING CARAMEL (57) Abstract A product which includes sweetening agent and caramel is disclosed. The product includes limited amounts of caramel and is surprisingly fast dissolving.

WO 92/15205 PCT/US91/01489 -1- FAST DISSOLVING SWEETENING AGENT INCLUDING CARAMEL Background of the Invention Field of the Invention This invention relates to methods of making a product including an artificial sweetening agent such as aspartame. More particularly, this invention relates to a method of making a fast-dissolving sweetening product including caramel, which also has improved dust and flow characteristics.

Description of the Prior Art It is often difficult to use sweetening agents in desirable products. For purposes of this application, sweetening agents shall include, but not be limited to, aspartame, saccharin, cyclamates, acesulfam-K, trichlorogalactosucrose (TGS, sucralose), and alitame. Appearance, chemical and physical properties, instability, potency, and handling and manufacturing difficulties may reduce the applicability of sweetening agents, particularly in powder form. When low dust, free-flowing, fastdissolving or fast release requirements are necessary, sweetening agents may be difficult to use.

Aspartame is sometimes difficult to use as bulk aspartame is a slow-dissolving, dusty powder made up of needleshaped crystalline particles having static and poor flow characteristics. The beverage industry is concerned about waste due to dust and slow dissolution of aspartame. Loss of the aspartame may occur as dust is lost into the ai: and absorbed onto the surfaces of equipment and containers during manufacturing, transportation, handling, and use.

A variety of methods have been proposed to overcome the dust, flow, and dissolution problems of aspartame powder. These methods include granulating aspartame with bulking agents such as WO 92/15205 PCT/US91/01489 sugars, dextrins, and maltodextrins. In successful products, a high percentage of bulking agents is typically mixed with a small percentage of aspartame, as the characteristics of the bulking agent in large quantities are required to produce a fastdissolving product. Granulation methods have included fluid-bed granulation, spray drying, co-drying, high shear energy granulation, roll compaction, and extrusion methods. For example, U.S. Patent No. 4,497,835 to Adolph teaches the use of a mix including hydrolyzed cereal solids, a food acid, a flavor, a clouding agent, aspartame and a color. All ingredients other than the color are premixed, with the color solution added as the ingredients are being blended. The mix has improved dissolution in powdered beverage mixes. However, the mix includes at least parts of the other ingredients to 1 part aspartame.

One particular process is found in U.S. Patent No.

3,962,468 to Pischke et al. Pischke details a process for producing a dispersion of aspartame and dextrin. Some of the aspartame particles preferably remain as undissolved particles which are encapsulated in dextrin.

A process which attempts to address the concerns of the beverage industry is found in U.K. Patent 2104369B to Sharma.

The Sharma patent discloses an aspartame concentrate which is a mixture of from 1-35% aspartame and 65-99% caramel coloring. The concentrate is typically used for making aspartame-sweetened syrups for carbonated beverages. The concentrate may be used in a liquid form or dehydrated to obtain a powder product. There are difficulties in using aspartame in the manner disclosed by Sharma. The levels of caramel and aspartame in the mixture result in hygroscopic and moisture intolerant mixture which upon exposure to moist air turns quickly to a sticky sLbstance which is difficult to handle and transport. By forming a mixture of caramel and aspartame in the amounts disclosed by Sharma, handling problems similar in scope to those caused by typical aspartame powder use remain, the product will not be freeflowing. Plus, the color of the caramels described as used in the patent is very intense, and the combined product can only be WO 92/15205 PCT/US91/01489 used in applications where intense coloring is desirable.

Manufacturing problems may also result as it is difficult to use the aforementioned granulation methods with such a high level of caramel.

Thus, there is a need for a method of producing sweetening agents, particularly aspartame, in a fast-dissolving form.

Summary of the Invention The invention is a sweetening agent product which is fastdissolving. The preferred invention is a fast-dissolving granular sweetening agent which also has improved dust and flow characteristics. The sweetening agent is mixed with low levels of caramel to form a fast-dissolving powder. The sweetening agent may also be wetted by a caramel solution and dried to form a powder or granular product. Preferably, a caramel powder and water or a caramel solution is used as a granulation agent to make a granular product which, upon drying, is dust-reduced, free-flowing and fast-dissolving. The sweetening agent is preferably mixed in a dry weight percentage of from about 70% to about 99.5% with the caramel in a dry weight percentage of from about 0.5% to about Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiment The inventive product includes a mixture of a sweetening agent and a dehydrated caramel, with the sweetening agent present in an amount at least two times the amount of caramel in the mixture. (For purposes of this application, dehydrated caramel means that the caramel in the final product has a limited amount of moisture. The caramel may be in powder or syrup form prior to mixing). Preferably, caramel is present in a dry weight percentage of from about 0.5% to about 30% and an artificial sweetening agent, preferably aspartame, in a dry weight percentage of from about 70% to about 99.5%. (For purposes of this application, amounts and percentages of caramel and sweetening agent are discussed in a "dry weight basis." This WO 92/152'.5 PC/US91/01489 means that water may be present in the mixture, but is not considered in discussing percentages and ratios of caramel and sweetening agent.) Water may be present as residual moisture in the product up to about 8% moisture without significantly affecting the performance and stability of the product. The product dissolves at an unexpectedly fast rate. When the sweetening agent is granulated with caramel, the product also has improved dust and flow characteristics.

The caramel and sweetening agent can be mixed together by a number of methods, each of which results in a sweetening agent/caramel mixture having improved dissolution rate. The "caramel" contemplated by this invention includes any conventionally available caramelized sugars. Caramelized sugars are made by heating sugar solutions such as liquid corn sugar to a high temperature, 125°C. Caramel may be either in syrup form or dry form such as powders. Caramel is conventionally used in a variety of food products including beverages and confections. Caramels are desirable for applications requiring color with little caloric value. Suitable caramels include, but are not limited to, those manufactured by the Sethness Products Company. Particularly suitable caramels are beverage-type caramels manufactured in the presence of ammonium bisulfite as a reactant. Particularly suitable caramels have a pH in the range of about 2.5-5.0 and an isoelectric point below 2.5. Examples of preferred caramels include Sethness Products Company Double Strength 400SM and AP100SM. Surprisingly, small amounts of caramel have been found capable of significantly improving the dissolution rate of large amounts of sweetening agent. This is particularly surprising with aspartame, as previous attempts to improve the dissolution rate by use of bulking agents have had limited success or have required relatively large amounts of bulking agent. For purposes of this application, the term "bulking agent" includes those substances conventionally mixed with aspartame or other sweetening agents. These substances include, but are not limited to polydextrose, maltodextrin, gum arabic, dextrose, and corn syrup solids.

WO 92/15205 PCT/US91/01489 The c:-amel has been found to mix with, granulate and/or coat the sweetening agent in various methods to form fast-dissolving products. In one method, caramel in syrup fiarm is diluted with water and added to the sweetening agent to torm a slurry, which is dried and milled. In a second method, the sweetening agent is mixed with a dry caramel powder and then wetted with water to obtain a soft dcugh, which is then dried and milled. In another method, the sweetening agent is granulated with a caramel solution or the powder mix of a dry caramel powder and the sweetening agent is granulated in water using a Hobart mixer, or other conventional granulation means such as mechanical mixing granulators, fluid-bed granulators, or roto-processors. In another method, the artificial sweetening agent may be added to a coater, followed by addition of a caramel solution to coat and granulate the sweetening agents. In another method, caramel in dry form is added to aspartame in dry form. The simple mixture has surprisingly been found to have an increased dissolution rate, even without any wetting. This is particularly surprising with the .nall amounts of caramel contemplated.

The resulting granular or powder particles have a rapid dissolution rate. Thus, aspartame and other artificial sweetening agents may be used in a variety of applications in which rapid dissolution rates are required, yet low levels of caramel as a dissolution aid are required due to color, taste, or other considerations. Additionally, caramel appears to have excellent wettability and dispersibility which enable granular particles to dissolve more rapidly than expected.

More than one sweetening agent may be mixed together in a product including caramel. A particularly preferred sweetening agent mixture is aspartame and acesulfame-K in combination with caramel.

Small amounts of conventional bulking agents may also be included in a product. These bulking agents may be desired applications in which certain physical property improvements are desired, for example, making harder granular particles. The maximum amount of bulking agent contemplated herein is about WO 92/15205 PC/US9/01489 by dry weight of said product. The total amount of caramel and bulking agent is preferably less than 30% by dry weight of said product. The bulking agent is only added in an amount to provide enhanced hardness to the granular particles. The consumable product including caramel and sweetening agent may be used in a variety of products, including but not limited to food products, beverages, juices, alcoholic beverages, soft drinks and other carbonated beverages, confectionery products (candies, chewing gums, baked goods, pastries, breads, etc.), oral hygiene products, pharmaceutical products and veterinary food products.

The following examples show various manners of manufacturing caramel-aspartame products and comparisons with aspartame mixed with other powdered and syrup bulking agents. The examples are included for illustrative purposes only and are not meant to limit the scope of the invention.

Example 1 Caramel-aspartame mixtures were prepared by diluting commercially available caramel syrup with water. The diluted solution was added to powdered aspartame to form a wet slurry.

The slurry was filtered and dried in a vacuum oven at 50°C. The dried filter cakes resulting from the slurry were milled and sieved to produce samples having various particle sizes (granules or powders). For purposes of this application, granular particles shall be considered to have an average size of about to 60 U.S. Standard (Std) Mesh and powder particles shall be considered to have particle size smaller than 60 U.S. Std Mesh.

The following table shows the dissolution rates of various caramel-aspartame mixtures. All product assay percentages are dry weight percentages.

WO 92/15205 PTU9/18 PCT/US91/01489 Beginning Caramel Am t (Gm) Beginning Aspar tame Am t (Gm) Avg.

Particle Size (US Std Mesh) Complete Product Assay Dissolu-(% Composition) tion Aspar- (sec) tame Caramel Caramel TYp( Sethnes~s Double St reng thTM Sethness Double StrengthTM 40-60 87.6 11.2 95.1 4.4 40-60 Sethness

APJOOTM~

Sethness B&C145TM Se thness RT8OTM Sethness 25 25 25 12.5 100 100 100 100 40-60 40-60 40-60 40-60 -60 40-60 89.6 7.6 92.6 6.7 88.5 8.4 94 5.6 Se thness 13 40 92 WO 92/15205 PCr/US91/01489 Sethness RT120TM 25 100 -60 14 40-60 18 92.4 5.7 Sethness RT240

T

M 25 100 -60 12 40-60 25 93.4 5.3 The caramel in the product assay is significantly less than the beginning caramel amount, as part of the caramel is removed as filtrate during the filtration step.

Example 2 Caramel-aspartame mixtures were obtained by mixing commercially available powdered caramel with powdered aspartame.

Water was added to the powdered mix, which was then mixed.

The mixture was then dried and sieved through a U.S. Standard Mesh screen.

Avg.

Caramel Aspartame Particle Complete Amt Amt Size (US Dissolution Caramel Type (Gm) (Gm) Std Mesh) (sec) Sethness RT175TM 10 100 -60 14 Sethness AP680

T

M 10 100 -60 14 Example 3 Aspartame in powder form was mixed with other soluble bulking agents in powder or syrup form. Water was added to wet the powdered mix, which was then mixed. The mixture was then dried and sieved to obtain samples of particle size below 60 U.S.

Standard Mesh. When the bulking agents are in syrup form, they are first diluted with water and added to aspartame to wet the aspartame particles.

WO 92/15205 PC/US91/01 489 Caramel Amt (Gm) Aspartame Amt (Gm) Avg.

Particle Size (US Std Mesh) Complete Dissolution (sec) Bulkinz Arent

I

Maltrin M150TM Lycasin (Syrup) Corn Syrup Solids Gum Arabic Tween (Syrup) Tween (Syrup) Fructose Sucrose Dextrose Sodium saccharin Sodium cyclamate Acesulfame-K Sorbitol High Fructose Corn Syrup (Syrup) Gum Arabic Gum Arabic 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 -60 -60 -60 -60 -60 -60 -60 -60 -60 -60 -60 -60 -60 -60 30-80 -80 96 170 120 120 165 140 250 165 200 180 156 100 100 100 Example 4 A bulking agent in powder form was solution was added to aspartame powder aspartame. The mixture was then dried samples of various particle sizes.

dissolved in water. The to wet and granulate and sieved to obtain WO 92/15205 -10- PCT/US91/01489 Avg.

Caramel Aspartame Particle Complete Amt Amt Size (US Dissolution Bulking Agent (Gm) (Gm) Std Mesh) (sec) Sorbitol 10 100 -60 156 Sorbitol 10 100 40-60 288 Polydextrose 10 100 -60 150 Polydextrose 10 100 40-60 276 Example 22.5 g of aspartame in powder form was gently mixed with g of caramel in powder form (AP 680, distributed by Sethness Products Company) in a glass bowl using a teaspoon. A sample of the material was dissolved (0.lg in 120 ml room temperature deionized water with gentle stirring). Over 95% of the sample was dissolved in 10 seconds and the sample was completely dissolved within 45 seconds.

Thus, it can be seen that, in general, products having caramel mixed with aspartame have a faster dissolution rate than conventional bulking agents or sweetening agents mixed alone with aspartame. The results achieved by the use of caramel with aspartame are superior to other bulking agents. These results allow aspartame or other sweetening agents to be used in applications where a fast-dissolving sweetener with minimal amount of bulking agent is desired.

The principle of the invention and the best mode contemplated for applying that principle have been described. It is to be understood that the foregoing examples are illustrative only and that other means and techniques can be employed without departing from the true scope of the invention defined in the following claims.

Claims (13)

1. A consumable product in granular or powder form comprising a mixture of a sweetening agent selected from the group consisting of aspartame, saccharin, cyclamates, acesulfame-K, trichlorogalactose, alitame, all salts and mixtures thereof and a dehydrated caramel, said consumable product having a dissolution rate faster than said sweetening agent alone, wherein said sweetening agent comprises at least 70% by dry weight of said product and said caramel comprises from 0.5 to 30% dry weight of raid product.

2. The consumable product of Claim 1 wherein said sweetening agent is aspartame.

3. The consumable product of Claim 2 wherein said sweetening agent comprises a mixture of aspartame and acesulfame-K.

4. The consumable product of Claim 1 further comprising a bulking agent in an amount effective to provide desired bulk, said bulking agent present in an amount not exceeding 15% by dry weight of said product with the proviso that said caramel and said bulking agent together do not exceed about 30% by dry weight of said product, is selected from the group consisting of: gum arabic, lycasin, maltodextrin and corn syrup solids.

The consumable product of Claim 1 wherein said sweetening agent comprises 90 to 97% by weight of said product and said dehydrated caramel comprises 3 to 10% by weight of said product.

6. A method of producing a consumable product in powder form having an improved dissolution rate comprising the step of mixing a ,sweetening agent selected from the group consisting of aspartame, saccharin, cyclamates, acesulfame-K, trichlorogalactose, alitame, all salts and mixtures thereof and a dry caramel, said mixing carried out without the addition of WO 92/15205 -12- PCr/US91/01489 water or other solvent, wherein said sweetening agent comprises at least 70% by dry weight of said product and said caramel comprises from 0.5 to 30% by dry weight of said product.

7. A method for producing a consumable product in powder or granular form, comprising the steps of: mixing dehydrated caramel with aspartame to produce a mixture, said sweetening agent comprising at least 70% by dry weight of said mixture and said caramel comprising from to 30% by dry weight of said mixture; adding an amount of water sufficient to dissolve said caramel while continuing mixing; and drying the wetted mixture.

8. The method of Claim 7 wherein said dried mixture is milled and sieved to produce granular or powder particles.

9. The method of Claim 7 further comprising the step of adding a powdered bulking agent selected from the group consisting of gum arabic, lycasin, maltodextrin and corn syrup solids to said powdered caramel, said bulking agent added in an amount comprising from about 2% to about 15% by dry weight of said product with the proviso that the total amount of said bulking agent and said caramel does not exceed 30% by dry weight of said product.

The method of Claim 7 wherein said mixing step is carried out in equipment selected from the group consisting of mechanical mixing granulators, fluid-bed granulators and roto-processors.

11. A method for producing a consumable product in powder or granular form, comprising the steps of: diluting caramel syrup with water; adding said diluted caramel syrup to a sweetening agent in powdered form selected from the group consisting of PCr/US9/01489 WO 92/15205 -13- aspartame, saccharin, cyclamates, acesulfame-K, trichlorogalactose, alitame, and a. salts and mixtures thereof to form a wet slurry, wherein said sweetening agent comprises at least 70% by dry weight of said product and said caramel comprises from 0.5 to 30% by dry weight of said product; and drying and sieving said wetted mixture to produce a granular or powder product.

12. The method of Claim 11 further comprising the step of adding a bulking agent selected from the group consisting of gum arabic, lycasin, maltodextrin and corn syrup solids to said diluted caramel syrup, said bulking agent added in an amount comprising from about 2% to about 15% by dry weight of said product with the proviso that the total amount of said bulking agent and said caramel does not exceed 30% by dry weight of said product.

13. The method'of Claim 11 wherein said mixing step is carried out in equipment selected from the group cdnsisting of mechanical mixing granulators, fluid-bed granulators and roto-processors. INTERNATIONAL SEARCH REPORT International Application No PCT/US91/01489-1 I. CLASSIFICATION OF SUBJECT MATTER (it several classification symbols apply, Indicate all) 3 Accordln jrnatloil tent f; ation (IPC) or to both National Classification and IPC 426/96, 285, 548 II. FIELDS SEARCHED Minimum Documentation Searched 4 Classification System _Classification Symbols US 426/96, 285, 548 Documentation Searched other than Minimum Documentation to the Extent that such Documents are Included In the Fields Searched a III. DOCUMENTS CONSIDERED TO BE RELEVANT t4 Category I Citation of Document, 10 with indication, where appropriate, of the relevant passages 17 Relevant to Claim 1to. It Y US, A 3,962,468 (PISCHKE, et 8 June 1976, 1-13 see Col. 2, lines 39-49; Col. 7, lines 1-3 and lines 34-45; and Col. 8, lines 16-27. Y US, A 4,497,835 (ADOLPH), 5 February 1985, see 1-13 Col. 2, lines 11-29. Y GB, 2,104,369 (PEPSICO, INC.), 9 March 1983, see 1-13 pg. 2, lines 20-24. SSpecial categories of cited documents: 1. later document published after the international filing date document defining the general state of the art which is not or priority date and not In conflict with the application but cons"A" dered to be particular relevancthe cart which ted to understand the principle or theory underlying the earlier document but published on or alter the international document of particular relevance: the claimed Invention filing dale cannot be considered novel or-cannot be considered to document which may throw doubts on priority claim(s) or involve an inventive step which is cited to establish the publication date of another document at particular relevance; the claimed Invention citation or other special reason (as specified) cannot be considered to Involve an Inventive step when the document referring to an oral disclosure, use, exhibition or document Is combined with one or more other such docu- other means ments, such combination being obvious to a person skilled document published prior to the International filing date but In the art. later than the priority date claimed document member of the same patent family IV. CERTIFICATION Date of the Actual Completion of the Internat:onal Search Date of Mailin of this International Search Report 1 24 APR 1991 09 April 1991 P 199 International Searching Authority I Signature of AuthorizedOfflcer «o ISA/US U Joseph M. Golian Form PCT/ISA/210 (second sheet) (May 1986)