AU2021105555A4

AU2021105555A4 - Plant protector and the manufacture and use thereof

Info

Publication number: AU2021105555A4
Application number: AU2021105555A
Authority: AU
Inventors: Arthur Paul Gardiner
Original assignee: Karamac Ltd
Current assignee: Karamac Ltd
Priority date: 2021-06-04
Filing date: 2021-08-16
Publication date: 2021-10-14
Anticipated expiration: 2029-08-16
Also published as: AU2021205031A1

Abstract

OF THE INVENTION The present invention encompasses a device for preventing or minimising damage to plants, including shrubs, herbs, and various trees. The invention further encompasses methods of manufacturing and assembling this device, and methods of using the same. 33 FIG.3 s 14 12c i

Description

FIG.3 s

14

12c

i

PLANT PROTECTOR AND THE MANUFACTURE AND USE THEREOF FIELD

[0001] The present disclosure relates to devices and methods for minimising or preventing damage to plants, including trees and shrubs.

BACKGROUND

[0002] Plants, and particularly young plants, are highly susceptible to damage. Domesticated and wild animals cause damage to plants by eating plant parts or by digging, gnawing, rubbing, stepping on, or lying on plants. Birds damage plants by pecking and scratching, and can often uproot small plants, including seedlings. Insects cause damage to plants by chewing, boring, sap-sucking, and nesting in leaves or bark.

[0003] Weather can also cause significant damage to plants. Strong winds break branches, pull off or injure leaves, and significantly disturb root systems. Storms can completely uproot smaller plants, and even larger ones. Frosts can severely harm and kill tender plants. Snow, hail, and ice can weigh down plants, causing breakages, smothering, and ultimately, death. Too much sun can bleach leaves and cause moisture loss and heat stress.

[0004] Previous protection devices have attempted to guard against animal grazing and similar disturbances, but these are rigid structures that do not grow or expand as the plant grows and expands. Other protection devices have attempted to guard against insect or ice/frost damage, but these are difficult and time consuming to erect, and unsuitable for long-term protection or reuse.

[0005] Accordingly, there is an ongoing need for means to minimise or prevent ongoing threats to plants from animals, birds, insects, and weather conditions, with plant protection devices that are easily erected and moved, and readily adapted to plant growth and environmental conditions.

SUMMARY

[0006] In one aspect, the present disclosure includes a plant protecting device, the device comprising: at least one ring adapted to encompass the depth and width of a plant, the at least one ring providing an enclosure around the plant; at least one flexible material being connected to the at least one ring, the at least one flexible material providing a protective layer for the enclosure around the plant; and at least one staking means being adapted for connection to the at least one ring, the staking means providing stabilisation and securement for the enclosure around the plant.

[00071 In various aspects:

[0008] The device comprises two rings, three rings, four rings, or more.

[0009] The device comprises two flexible materials, three flexible materials, four flexible materials, or more.

[0010] The device comprises two staking means, three staking means, four staking means, or more.

[0011] The device comprises two or more rings of different sizes and/or two or more staking means of different sizes.

[0012] The at least one ring is connected to the at least one flexible material by a reversible connection.

[0013] The at least one ring is connected to the at least one staking means by a reversible connection.

[0014] The at least one ring comprises: a circular, essentially circular, oval, elliptical, D-shaped, or polygonal configuration.

[0015] The at least one ring comprises: one or more metals, plastics, resins, bamboo materials, wood materials, or any combination thereof.

[0016] The at least one ring comprises metal wire.

[00171 The at least one flexible material comprises: frost cloth, shade cloth, fabric mesh, fabric netting, fabric covering, or any combination thereof.

[00181 The at least one flexible material comprises: one or more strings, straps, bands, ropes, or any combination thereof.

[0019] The at least one flexible material comprises a semi-rigid mesh or a semi rigid netting.

[0020] The at least one flexible material comprises: hemp, cotton, wool, nylon, polyester, polyamide, polypropylene, polyethylene, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), rubber, vinyl, metal, or any combination thereof.

[0021] The at least one staking means comprises: one or more metals, plastics, resins, bamboo materials, wood materials, or any combination thereof.

[0022] The at least one staking means comprises a metal stake.

[0023] The at least one flexible material is connected to the at least one ring by stitching, adhering, one or more linking components, or any combination thereof.

[0024] The at least one flexible material comprises a sleeve or sock configuration.

[0025] The at least one flexible material includes a top portion adapted to be closed off over the top of the enclosure, thereby protecting the top portion of the plant.

[0026] The at least one flexible material includes a bottom portion adapted to be closed off around the bottom of the enclosure, thereby protecting the bottom portion of the plant.

[00271 The top portion or the bottom portion of the at least one flexible material is adapted to be closed off by: one or more means for cinching, folding, wrapping, tying, fixing, binding, or any combination thereof.

[0028] The at least one staking means is connected to the at least one ring by at least one connector.

[00291 The at least one connector comprises: one or more catches, clasps, clips, clamps, grips, pins, pinlocks, ringlocks, hooks, ties, rivets, pegs, studs, or any combination thereof.

[0030] The at least one connector comprises a pinlock.

[0031] The device further comprises at least one electrical wire or other conductive component to allow energising via at least one power source.

[0032] The device comprises a wire or other conductive connection to: one or more solar panels, electric fence energisers, heating elements, sensors, transmitters, and any combination thereof.

[0033] The one or more sensors comprise: movement, infrared, temperature, IoT sensors, and any combination thereof.

[0034] The device comprises wireless charging capability and/or wireless transmitting capability.

[0035] In one other aspect, the present disclosure includes a method of producing the plant protecting device of any one of the previous aspects.

[0036] Included is a method of producing a plant protecting device, the method comprising:

obtaining at least one ring, wherein the at least one ring is adapted to encompass the depth and width of a plant, and to provide an enclosure around the plant;

connecting at least one flexible material to the at least one ring, wherein the at least one flexible material is adapted to provide a protective layer for the enclosure around the plant; and

obtaining at least one staking means, wherein the at least one staking means is adapted to connect to the at least one ring, and to provide stabilisation and securement for the enclosure around the plant.

[00371 In various aspects:

[00381 The at least one ring is two rings, three rings, four rings, or more.

[00391 The at least one flexible material is two flexible materials, three flexible materials, four flexible materials, or more.

[0040] The at least one flexible material is connected to the at least one ring by: stitching, adhering, one or more linking components, or any combination thereof.

[0041] The at least one flexible material is hemmed around the at least one ring.

[0042] The at least one flexible material is cuffed around the at least one ring.

[00431 The at least one flexible material is connected to the at least one ring by: one or more ties, clips, snaps, loops, hooks, or any combination thereof.

[0044] The at least one ring comprises: one or more metals, plastics, resins, bamboo materials, wood materials, or any combination thereof.

[0045] The at least one ring comprises metal wire.

[0046] The at least one staking means comprises: one or more metals, plastics, resins, bamboo materials, wood materials, or any combination thereof.

[00471 The at least one staking means comprises a metal stake.

[0048] The at least one flexible material comprises: frost cloth, shade cloth, fabric mesh, fabric netting, fabric covering, or any combination thereof.

[0049] The at least one flexible material comprises: one or more strings, straps, bands, ropes, or any combination thereof.

[0050] The at least one flexible material comprises a semi-rigid mesh or a semi rigid netting.

[0051] The at least one flexible material comprises: hemp, cotton, wool, nylon, polyester, polyamide, polypropylene, polyethylene, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), rubber, vinyl, metal, or any combination thereof.

[00521 The at least one flexible material comprises a sleeve or sock configuration.

[0053] The at least one flexible material includes a top portion adapted to be closed off over the top of the enclosure, thereby protecting the top portion of the plant.

[0054] The at least one flexible material includes a bottom portion adapted to be closed off around the bottom of the enclosure, thereby protecting the bottom portion of the plant.

[0055] The top portion or the bottom portion of the at least one flexible material is adapted to be closed off by: one or more means for cinching, folding, wrapping, tying, fixing, binding, or any combination thereof.

[0056] In one further aspect, the present disclosure includes a method of utilising the plant protecting device of any one of the previous aspects.

Included is a method of utilising a plant protecting device, the method comprising:

(i) placing an enclosure around a plant,

the enclosure comprising:

at least one ring adapted to encompass the depth and width of a plant, and

at least one flexible material connected to the at least one ring, and adapted to provide a protective layer for the enclosure around the plant; and

(ii) positioning and stabilising the enclosure around the plant,

this comprising:

connecting the at least one ring to the at least one staking means that has been secured proximate to the plant.

[00571 In various aspects:

[0058] The device includes two staking means, three staking means, four staking means, or more.

[0059] The device includes two rings, three rings, four rings, or more.

[0060] The device includes two flexible materials, three flexible materials, four flexible materials, or more.

[00611 The rings of the device are oriented to be axially concentric, essentially axially concentric, radially concentric, essentially radially concentric, or any combination thereof.

[0062] The at least one staking means are positioned to be vertical or essentially vertical in orientation.

[00631 The at least one staking means is secured via association with: the ground, planting media, one or more items on/in the ground, one or more items on/in the planting media, or a container.

[0064] The at least one staking means includes a plurality of openings to facilitate connection with the at least one ring.

[00651 The connecting of the at least one ring to the at least one staking means is by at least one connector.

[00661 The at least one connector comprises: one or more catches, clasps, clips, clamps, grips, pins, pinlocks, ringlocks, hooks, ties, rivets, pegs, studs, or any combination thereof.

[00671 The at least one flexible material is connected to the at least one ring by: one or more ties, clips, snaps, loops, hooks, or any combination thereof.

[00681 The at least one ring comprises: one or more metals, plastics, resins, bamboo materials, wood materials, or any combination thereof.

[00691 The at least one ring comprises metal wire.

[00701 The at least one staking means comprises: one or more metals, plastics, resins, bamboo materials, wood materials, or any combination thereof.

[00711 The at least one staking means comprises a metal stake.

[00721 The at least one flexible material comprises: frost cloth, shade cloth, fabric mesh, fabric netting, fabric covering, or any combination thereof.

[00731 The at least one flexible material comprises: one or more strings, straps, bands, ropes, or any combination thereof.

[0074] The at least one flexible material comprises a semi-rigid mesh or a semi rigid netting.

[00751 The at least one flexible material comprises: hemp, cotton, wool, nylon, polyester, polyamide, polypropylene, polyethylene, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), rubber, vinyl, metal, or any combination thereof.

[0076] The at least one flexible material comprises a sleeve or sock configuration.

[00771 The at least one flexible material includes a top portion adapted to be closed off over the top of the enclosure, thereby protecting the top portion of the plant.

[0078] The at least one flexible material includes a bottom portion adapted to be closed off around the bottom of the enclosure, thereby protecting the bottom portion of the plant.

[00791 The top portion or the bottom portion of the at least one flexible material is adapted to be closed off by: one or more means for cinching, folding, wrapping, tying, fixing, binding, or any combination thereof.

[0080] In yet one further aspect, the present disclosure includes a method of protecting a plant by utilisation of the plant protecting device of any one of the previous aspects.

Included is a method of protecting a plant with a plant protecting device, the method comprising:

(i) placing an enclosure portion of the plant protecting device around a plant,

the enclosure portion comprising: at least one ring adapted to encompass the depth and width of a plant, and at least one flexible material connected to the at least one ring, and adapted to provide a protective layer for the enclosure around the plant; and

(ii) positioning and stabilising the enclosure around the plant with at least one staking means of the plant protecting device,

this comprising:

connecting the at least one ring to the at least one staking means that has been secured proximate to the plant,

thereby protecting the plant with the plant protecting device.

[0081] In various aspects:

[0082] The device includes two staking means, three staking means, four staking means, or more.

[0083] The device includes two rings, three rings, four rings, or more.

[0084] The device includes two flexible materials, three flexible materials, four flexible materials, or more.

[0085] The rings of the device are oriented to be axially concentric, essentially axially concentric, radially concentric, essentially radially concentric, or any combination thereof.

[00861 The rings of the device are positioned such that a bottom ring is at or proximate to a bottom portion of the plant, and a top ring is at or proximate to a top portion of the plant.

[00871 The rings of the device are positioned such that a bottom ring is at or proximate to the height of the ground.

[0088] The at least one staking means are positioned to be vertical or essentially vertical in orientation.

[00891 The at least one staking means is secured via association with: the ground, planting media, one or more items on/in the ground, one or more items on/in the planting media, or a container.

[0090] The at least one staking means includes a plurality of openings to facilitate connection with the at least one ring.

[0091] The connecting of the at least one ring to the at least one staking means is by at least one connector.

[0092] The at least one connector comprises: one or more catches, clasps, clips, clamps, grips, pins, pinlocks, ringlocks, hooks, ties, rivets, pegs, studs, or any combination thereof.

[0093] The at least one flexible material is connected to the at least one ring by: one or more ties, clips, snaps, loops, hooks, or any combination thereof.

[0094] The at least one ring comprises: one or more metals, plastics, resins, bamboo materials, wood materials, or any combination thereof.

[0095] The at least one ring comprises metal wire.

[0096] The at least one staking means comprises: one or more metals, plastics, resins, bamboo materials, wood materials, or any combination thereof.

[00971 The at least one staking means comprises a metal stake.

[0098] The at least one flexible material comprises: frost cloth, shade cloth, fabric mesh, fabric netting, fabric covering, or any combination thereof.

[0099] The at least one flexible material comprises: one or more strings, straps, bands, ropes, or any combination thereof.

[00100] The at least one flexible material comprises a semi-rigid mesh or a semi rigid netting.

[00101] The at least one flexible material comprises: hemp, cotton, wool, nylon, polyester, polyamide, polypropylene, polyethylene, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), rubber, vinyl, metal, or any combination thereof.

[00102] The at least one flexible material comprises a sleeve or sock configuration.

[00103] The at least one flexible material includes a top portion adapted to be closed off over the top of the enclosure, thereby protecting the top portion of the plant.

[00104] The at least one flexible material includes a bottom portion adapted to be closed off around the bottom of the enclosure, thereby protecting the bottom portion of the plant.

[00105] The top portion or the bottom portion of the at least one flexible material is adapted to be closed off by: one or more means for cinching, folding, wrapping, tying, fixing, binding, or any combination thereof.

[00106] The foregoing brief summary broadly describes the features and technical advantages of certain embodiments. Further technical advantages will be described in the detailed description and examples that follows.

[001071 Novel features that are believed to be characteristic will be better understood from the detailed description when considered in connection with any accompanying figures and examples. However, the figures and examples provided herein are intended to help illustrate or assist with understanding, and are not intended to limit the subject of the present disclosure.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[00108] Figure 1: Photograph depicting a perspective view of an embodiment of the plant protector.

[00109] Figure 2: Photograph depicting a close up view of an embodiment of the plant protector, focusing on the bottom portion of the device.

[00110] Figure 3: Photograph depicting a perspective view of an embodiment of the plant protector, showing the top portion of the device.

[00111] Figure 4: Photograph depicting a close up view of an embodiment of the plant protector, focusing on the top of the device.

[00112] Figure 5: Photograph depicting a close up view of an embodiment of the plant protector, focusing on the lower portion of the device.

[00113] Figure 6: Photograph depicting a close up view of an embodiment of the plant protector, focusing on the upper portion of the device.

[00114] Figure 7A: Illustration showing a side view of a connector, in one particular embodiment of the connecting means of the plant protector.

[00115] Figure 7B: Illustration showing a perspective view of a stake (viewed from the bottom of the stake), in one particular embodiment of the staking means of the plant protector.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[00116] The following description sets forth numerous exemplary configurations, parameters, and the like. It should be recognised, however, that such description is not intended as a limitation on the subject matter disclosed, but is instead provided as a description of exemplary embodiments.

Definitions

[001171 In each instance herein, in descriptions, embodiments, and examples of the present invention, the terms "comprising", "including", etc., are to be read expansively, without limitation. Thus, unless the context clearly requires otherwise, throughout the description and the claims, the words "comprise", "comprising", and the like are to be construed in an inclusive sense as to opposed to an exclusive sense, that is to say in the sense of "including but not limited to".

[00118] As used herein, "approximately" means up to 10% greater or up to 10% lesser than a particular value.

[00119] The directional terms "top", "bottom", "upper", and "lower", as used herein are defined relative to plant protector, given the viewpoint of a user engaging with the plant protector, for example, to install or remove the protector.

[001201 The dimension of "length" for the device is determined by measuring the device from top to bottom, with the user looking at a vertically oriented device. The dimension of "width" for the device is determined by measuring the device from left to right, with the user looking at a vertically oriented device. The dimension of "depth" for the device is determined by measuring the device from front to back, with the user looking at a vertically oriented device.

[00121] The width and depth may be measured at the top or bottom of the device or may be measured from a cross-section of the device. The dimension of "diameter" or "diagonal" for the device is determined as straight line passing side to side through the centre of the device, with the user looking end-on the device. The diameter or diagonal is measured as a cross-section of the device.

[00122] "Essentially" circular refers to a perimeter that is about 1% to about 10% longer or shorter than a true circle. "Essentially" in reference to any other configuration (e.g., essentially cylindrical) refers to a configuration having at least one parameter that is up to 10% greater or lesser than the expected measurement for a true configuration (e.g., a true cylinder).

[00123] "Essentially" vertical refers to an orientation that is up to 10° out from true vertical. "Essentially" identical refers to a dimension (e.g., length, width, height or depth, for example, length 'A') that is up to 10% greater or lesser than the dimension being compared (e.g., length, width, height or depth, for example, length 'B').

[00124] "Connecting", as used herein, refers to provision of an association or linking between two or more components. Connecting can be direct or indirect, and can be reversible.

[00125] "Other means", as used herein, includes any combination of the particular means being recited.

[001261 "Plants", as used herein, includes any organism from the kingdom Plantae, for example, trees, shrubs, herbs, grasses, sedges, ferns, vines, perennials, annuals, deciduous plants, evergreens, ornamentals, agricultural plants (e.g., orchard plants), etc.

[001271 As used herein, a "ring" refers to an annular component which can be circular or non-circular in configuration. A ring may have open ends. Metal and non metal rings are specifically included and are described in detail herein.

[00128] Various shapes and configurations, as referred to herein, e.g., "cylindrical", "conical", etc, can be, but will not necessarily be, precise by mathematical, geometric, or engineering standards. Approximations of such shapes and configurations (e.g., essentially cylindrical) are thereby included in this disclosure.

Plant protector and its components

[00129] The present disclosure encompasses a protective device for various shrubs, herbs, trees, and other plants. The device provides protection from frost, wind, hail, excessive sun, and other environmental threats, including animals, birds, and insects. Use of the protective device prevents plant damage, insect infestation, and allows faster establishment and growth.

[00130] The plant protector of this disclosure has numerous advantages. Amongst these: it provides effective protection at planting time and for months/years beyond this; it provides microclimatic conditions and allows plant adaptation to the local environment; it provides easy assembly and stable fixture; it allows ready and safe access to the plant for maintenance such as mulching and pruning; and it extends protection as the plant grows upwards, to shield the new and fragile shoots. It will be understood that device is not limited to use with any particular stage or type of plant.

Ring enclosure

[00131] The device disclosed herein comprises a ring enclosure. The ring enclosure is designed so as to fit around the width and depth of the plant designated for protection. The ring structure thereby provides a framework for enclosure of the plant. For example, a top ring can encompass a top area of the plant, and a bottom ring can encompass a bottom area of the plant. The cross-sectional diameter or diagonal of the ring enclosure is generally greater than the cross-sectional diameter or diagonal of the plant (or portion of plant) to be protected.

[001321 Exemplary shapes and configurations for the rings of the enclosure are noted herein. As particular examples, a ring may have a circular or essentially circular configuration, an oval or elliptical configuration, a D-shaped configuration, a triangular, square, or rectangular configuration, or can be any polygon configuration, e.g., with at least 5 sides, at least 6 sides, at least 7 sides, at least 8 sides, at least 9 sides, at least 10 sides, at least 11 sides, at least 12 sides, at least 13 sides, at least 14 sides, at least 15 sides, or more. Other configurations are also possible.

[00133] The ring enclosure may be generally aerodynamic in design and stable in different weather conditions. In particular aspects, the size of the rings may be varied depending on the size of the plant to be protected. The thickness and construction of the rings may be varied depending on local environmental conditions, e.g., strong prevailing winds or frequent storms. Materials may be natural, non-natural, or combinations thereof. Nonlimiting examples include metals, plastics, resins, bamboo, wood materials, and any combination of these. Specifically noted are rings constructed from metal wire, such as steel wire, aluminium wire, or plastic coated wire. Rings may be painted, galvanised, bitumen coated, powder coated, plastic coated, or treated with other means.

[00134] In specific examples, ring sizes may be approximately 200 mm to approximately 1200 mm, or approximately 300 mm to approximately 1000 mm, or approximately 400 mm to approximately 900 mm, or approximately 500 mm to approximately 800 mm in diameter/diagonal. Exemplary diameters/diagonals for the rings include: at least 200 mm, at least 300 mm, at least 400 mm, at least 500 mm, at least 600 mm, at least 700 mm, at least 800 mm, at least 900 mm, at least 1000 mm, and at least 1200 mm. It will be understood that device is not limited to any particular size or type of ring to be used.

[00135] The ring enclosure may comprise at least one ring, at least two rings, at least three rings, at least four rings, at least five rings, or more. In certain aspects, different ring sizes may be used in the same device. For example, one or more rings extending around the bottom portion of a plant may be smaller than the one or more ring(s) extending around the middle portion and/or upper portion of the plant. It is also possible for two or more rings in the device to be the same size or approximately the same size. Thus, where there is a plurality of rings, these may be oriented to be axially concentric, essentially axially concentric, radially concentric, essentially radially concentric, or other arrangements, as desired.

[001361 It will be understood that, depending on the type and size of rings used in the device, the configuration of the enclosure can be varied. That is, the protective structure defined by the rings can follow different outlines or shapes, as desired. Nonlimiting examples of configurations include: cylindrical (including cylinders with one or more flat sides), conical (including frustoconical configurations), biconal (e.g., two cones oriented with wider ends together), prismatic (e.g., 8 sided, 9 sided, 10 sided, or more sides, or fewer sides), pyramidal (e.g., 8 sided, 9 sided, 10 sided, or more sides, or fewer sides), or bipyramidal (e.g., two pyramids oriented with wider ends together). Other configurations are also possible.

[001371 As one option, one or more of the rings in the device may be adjustable. In this way, the diameter (or diagonal) of the ring can be altered if needed, to accommodate plant growth or plant pruning. For example, a ring can be designed to have open ends (e.g., a C-shaped configuration) and/or to include means for size adjustment. In one exemplification, the ring may include openings such as those that would be used for adjusting a belt or watchband. These openings may be slotted through, for example, with a hook, tie, screw, bolt, peg, or rivet, or other means, to set the desired ring size. Alternatively, the ring may include a worm drive (e.g., a bracket with a tightening screw) such as those used in hose clamps. The worm drive may be tightened or loosened to set the desired ring size. Other adjustment means are also possible.

Flexible material

[00138] The ring enclosure of the device is connected to one or more flexible materials. As noted, the ring enclosure is designed so as to fit around the width and depth of the plant. Thus, the rings may be oriented such that a bottom ring is positioned at or proximate the bottom portion of the plant, while a top ring is positioned at or proximate the top portion of the plant, and the flexible material(s) extend(s) in the spacing between the rings. The rings are then held in place using staking means, described further below.

[00139] The flexible material(s) may provide connection for two or more rings, for example, by stitching (e.g., hemming or overlocking), adhering (e.g., glues or other adhesives), or by one or more linking (e.g., ties, clips, snaps, loops, hooks, or other means), or any combination of these. A flexible material may extend around the perimeter of the rings (e.g., around the ring enclosure), and thereby provide the protective layer of the device. It is also possible to use a flexible material of reduced width (e.g., string, strap, band, rope, or other means) to connect the rings. Other arrangements are also possible.

[00140] In certain aspects, the flexible material(s) may comprise fabric. Exemplifications include frost cloth, shade cloth, fabric mesh, fabric netting, and other fabric covering. The fabric may be synthetic, non-synthetic, or combinations thereof. Nonlimiting examples include hemp, cotton, wool, nylon, polyester, polyamide, polypropylene fabrics, and any combination of these. Specifically noted are Mikroclima@ and Biomaglia@ cloths. Noted also are various wool-polymer mixes, e.g., Keravos products. In some situations, stretch fabric may be used, e.g., one or more elastomerics, or fabric blends with these, or various combinations thereof.

[00141] Alternatively, the flexible material(s) may comprise a semi-rigid construction. For example, a semi-rigid mesh or netting may be used, e.g., as produced from various plastics, resins, metals, or any combinations thereof. Nonlimiting examples include nylon, polyester, polyethylene, polypropylene, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), rubber, vinyl, and various combination of these. Metal meshes or netting may also be used, for example, comprising steel, monel metals, or non-ferrous metals. Specifically noted are galvanised or stainless steel wire materials. It will be understood that the device is not limited to any particular type or size of flexible material to be used.

[00142] More than one flexible material may be employed in the device. For example, different materials may be layered together or different materials may be used in different portions of the device. As one exemplification, the lower portion of the device may be enclosed by a semi-rigid fabrication (e.g., plastic or metal mesh), whereas the middle and/or upper portion of the device may be enclosed by a non-rigid fabric (e.g., cloth mesh). The lower portion thereby provides protection from animals, while the middle/upper portion provides protection from weather conditions. As another exemplification, a first layer of material on the ring enclosure may be supplemented with a further layer of material (e.g., one or more further fabrics or one or more further semi rigid materials), which is draped around or otherwise covering or contacting the ring enclosure. As a further exemplification, a flexible material may be used to connect one or more rings in the ring enclosure, while the same or a different material may be used to cover the ring enclosure.

[00143] As still a further exemplification, it is possible for the device to include one or more electrical wires or other conductive components to allow energising via a power source. For example, the electrical wires or other conductive components can be attached to the flexible material(s) and/or to the rings(s) or staking means. As exemplifications, wires or other conductive components may allow connection to one or more of: solar panels, electric fence energisers, heating elements, sensors, and transmitters, and any combination of these. Where electrification of the device is used, animals can be deterred from contacting the plant by an electric shock. Nonlimiting examples of sensors include movement and infrared heat sensors, e.g., to detect animals proximate to the device, as well as temperature sensors and IoT sensors, e.g., to monitor and optionally send alerts to one or more computers or other electronic devices regarding temperature levels or other weather conditions. Wireless electric charging and wireless signal transmission are specifically noted. With sufficient power provided to the device, it would also be advantageous to provide an "electric blanket" effect, whereby the flexible material is warmed on the enclosure, thereby providing significant protection for the plant from cold, frost, snow, ice, etc. Other configurations are also possible.

[00144] As one option, sufficient flexible material is positioned on a top ring or bottom ring in such a way as to allow covering of the material over the top/bottom of the device. In this way, the material on the top/bottom of the device can be effectively closed off, providing additional environmental protection for the plant. For example, flexible material can be closed off during expected frosts, but then re-opened once threats of frosts have passed. Ideally, the closing off action is reversible. The closing off may be achieved, for example, by cinching, folding, wrapping, tying, fixing (e.g., with "hook and loop" type fastenings, or other fastenings, such as snaps, hooks, buttons, etc), or binding the material. For example, the flexible material at the top or bottom of the device may be cinched closed with a drawstring, but then re-opened as needed. Alternatively, the material at the top/bottom of the device may be closed off via other mechanisms, e.g., ties, clips, snaps, loops, hooks, or other means.

[001451 In one particular embodiment, the device includes a ring enclosure with flexible material that is able to be closed off over the top of the plant, as well as flexible material that is able to be closed off around the bottom of the plant. For example, a flexible material at the top of the device may be cinched closed with a drawstring, and the same or different flexible material at the bottom of the device may also be cinched closed with a drawstring. In this way, the top drawstring opening or the bottom drawstring opening can be tightened or loosened as needed, providing protection or access to either end of the plant, as required.

Staking means

[00146] The device further comprises one or more staking means. The staking means are designed so as to positioned proximate to the plant to be protected, and to be connected with the ring enclosure. In this way, the ring enclosure as connected with staking means can provide a stable structure for protection of the plant. As examples, a bottom ring may be connected to a bottom portion of the staking means, while a top ring may be connected to a top portion of the staking means, with a flexible fabric running between the top and bottom rings. The staking means may comprise, for example, at least one stake, at least two stakes, at least three stakes, at least four stakes, or more.

[001471 As particular examples, the sizes for the staking means may be approximately 500 mm to approximately 2500 mm in height, or approximately 600 mm to approximately 2200 mm in height, or approximately 800 mm to approximately 2000 mm in height, or approximately 900 mm to approximately 1900 mm in height. Exemplary heights for the staking means include: at least 500 mm, at least 600 mm, at least 700 mm, at least 800 mm, at least 900 mm, at least 1000 mm, at least 1200 mm, at least 1500, at least 1600 mm, at least 1800, at least 1900 mm, at least 2000 mm, at least 2200 mm, and at least 2500 mm.

[00148] In certain aspects, the height of the staking means may be varied depending on the height of the plant to be protected. The width and construction of the staking means may be varied depending on local environmental conditions, e.g., strong prevailing winds or frequent storms. It is expected that the staking means will hold the device in different weather conditions. Materials may be natural, non-natural, or combinations thereof. Nonlimiting examples include metals, plastics, resins, bamboo, wood materials, and any combination of these. In certain aspects, different sizes of staking means may be used in the same device.

[00149] Staking means may be painted, galvanised, bitumen coated, powder coated, plastic coated, or treated with other means. Specifically noted are staking means constructed from metal, such as steel, aluminium, or plastic coated metal. Metal staking means include, for example, star posts, T-posts, and Y-posts (e.g., waratahs). Exemplary weights for such staking means would be at least 1 kg per meter, at least 1.4 kg per meter, at least 1.7 kg per meter, and at least 1.9 kg per meter. It will be understood that the device is not limited to any particular size or type of staking means to be used.

[00150] In particular aspects, the staking means includes one or more adaptations for allowing connecting to the rings. For example, the staking means may include openings at one or more points along their length. For example, slots, slits, holes, or other apertures may be used. Alternatively, the staking means may include projections at one or more points along their length. For example, loops, hooks, tabs, or other protuberances may be used. The staking means may include combinations of openings and projections, if desired. Optionally, the ring structure can include adaptations for allowing connection to the staking means. These may be openings, projections, or combinations thereof. Or, alternatively, both the ring structure and the staking means can include adaptations that allow connection.

[00151] In certain aspects, the staking means includes one or more adaptations to allow securing or stabilising the staking means to the area proximate to the plant. For example, the staking means can be secured or stabilised via association with: the ground or planting media, one or more items on/in the ground or planting media, a container, or one or more items on/in a container. As one option, the staking means may be driven into the ground, or into planting media in a container, and thus may include a narrowed or pointed configuration at or proximate to the bottom region of the staking means. In addition, the staking means may include one or more adaptations for pinning, stapling, tying, or otherwise affixing the staking means to the ground, or to the planting media in a container. As further options, the staking means may include one or more adaptations for pinning, stapling, tying, or otherwise affixing the staking means to items on/in the ground, or to items on/in a container, or to the container itself. For example, there may be one or more stones, bricks, concrete forms, posts, trellises, raised beds, etc, on/in the ground (or on/in planting media in a container), to which the staking means can be secured or stabilised. Other configurations are also possible.

[00152] In specific aspects, the device may utilise one or more connecting means to connect the ring structure and the staking means. Each ring may be connected by, for example, at least one connector, at least two connectors, at least three connectors, at least four connectors, or more. Ideally, the connecting means that are used allow reversible attachment or linkage between the ring enclosure and the staking means. In particular exemplifications, a connector may include both male and female joining parts. Alternatively, connecting means may have separate male and female joining components. Nonlimiting examples include catches, clasps, clips, clamps, grips, pins, pinlocks, ringlocks, hooks, ties, rivets, pegs, studs, and any combination of these. Noted in particular are U-clips, R-clips, lynch pins, and pinlocks (e.g., fencing post pinlocks, such as those used with Y-posts). _It will be understood that device is not limited to any particular size or type of connecting means to be used.

Manufacture and use of the plant protector

[00153] The disclosed plant protector is used to prevent or minimise damage to a plant. Advantageously, the device is designed to encourage upward growth, and to expand in step with plant growth. In addition, the device is designed to protect a plant over several seasons, and once protection is no longer necessary (i.e., once the plant is sufficiently established), the device can be reused with another plant. The device is also designed to be aesthetically pleasing and to remain attractive during ongoing use.

[00154] The rings and the staking means may be manufactured by any suitable means. Production may be from a natural or non-natural material, or any combination thereof. Particularly noted are plastic materials, metal materials, wood materials, bamboo materials, and various combinations of these. The rings and staking means may be trimmed, bent, or moulded to the appropriate shape and size, and/or may be modified by one or more of cutting, carving, clamping, routering, or drilling.

[00155] The flexible material(s) may be manufactured and used to connect the rings by appropriate methods. Production may be from synthetic or non-synthetic materials, or any combination thereof. Fabrics may be woven or nonwoven. Specifically noted are hemp fabrics, cotton fabrics, wool fabrics, nylon fabrics, polymer fabrics, and various combinations of these. Mesh and netting fabrics are of particular interest. Also noted are semi-rigid materials, including mesh and netting produced from metals, plastics, resins, or various combinations of these. The semi-rigid material may be extruded, moulded, and/or trimmed to the appropriate shape and size, and/or may be modified by one or more of cutting, routering, or drilling. Similarly, fabrics may be produced and/or trimmed to the appropriate size and shape, and/or may be modified by one or more of cutting, stitching, or adhering (e.g., with glue or other adhesives).

[00156] The flexible materials(s) may then be used to connect the rings. In various aspects, separate strips of flexible material can be connected to separate rings. These separate strips, in turn, can be linked together to form a multi-ring unit. For example, the separate strips can be linked by stitching, clips, snaps, loops, hooks, or other means. Alternatively, the flexible material(s) can be prepared as one larger sleeve or sock. As exemplifications, the rings may be positioned within the flexible material (e.g., positioned into cuffs or hems of the sleeve), positioned outside the flexible material (e.g., positioned as an external strapping for the sleeve), or positioned in the interior portion of the device (e.g., positioned as an internal strapping for the sleeve).

[001571 It is also possible to use a flexible material of reduced width, such as a string, strap, band, rope, or other means to connect the rings, and then to slide a wider flexible material, such as a sleeve or sock, over the ring assembly. This allows quick and easy changes for the covering material. For example, a sleeve of frost cloth on the device can be removed and replaced with a sleeve of insect mesh. In this way, the rings stay connected together via a flexible material of reduced width, and yet the outer covering over the ring enclosure can be removed or replaced, as needed.

[00158] The resulting ring assembly (rings connected by one or more flexible materials) may be placed over and around the plant to be protected. The staking means can be stuck into the ground at one or more intervals around the plant, outside the perimeter of the rings. Where the rings are the same size or essentially the same size, the staking means will be vertical or essentially vertical in orientation. Where the upper ring(s) is/are larger than the lower ring(s), the staking means will be oriented at the appropriate angles (angling out of the ground and away from the plant) to align with the ring configuration. Other arrangements are also possible.

[00159] Once the staking means is in place, the one or more rings can be connected to the appropriate positions on the stake(s). For example, where there are three rings and two stakes: the lowest ring may be connected to the lower connecting points on two stakes, the middle ring may be connected to the middle connecting points on the stakes, and the uppermost ring may be connected to the upper connecting points on the stakes. This process can be readily adapted for additional or fewer rings or addition or fewer stakes, as desired.

[00160] In one particular aspect, a ring is connected to the staking means such that the ring is horizontally straight or essentially horizontally straight, i.e., the ring is level or essentially level in orientation. This can allow the ring to encompass maximal width and depth for plant growth. However, this arrangement is not strictly necessary, and tilting/angling of one or more rings may be useful in certain circumstances. For example, where plant growth is desired to be at a particular angle or direction, ring tilting may be used to assist with this. In a specific aspect, the lowest ring may be placed proximate to the ground (e.g., without contacting the ground). This permits airflow through the enclosure and further reduces the risk of frost damage to the plant.

[00161] As described herein, connection may be carried out using adaptations for connection on the ring(s), adaptations for connection on the stake(s), or adaptations for connection on both the rings(s) and the stakes(s). Specifically noted is the use of one or more connecting means. The use of connecting means for connecting the ring enclosure and the staking means provides particular utility and adaptability. A simple unclipping or unpinning (or other undoing) action can be used for the connecting means.

[00162] For example, if access to the top of the plant is needed, the uppermost ring can be disconnected from the staking means, e.g., by disengaging one or more connectors. This ring can be reconnected at a lower level on the staking means, e.g., by reengaging one or more connectors. Similarly, if access to the bottom of the plant is needed, the bottom ring can be disconnected from the staking means, e.g., by disengaging one or more connectors. This ring can be temporarily hooked at a higher level (e.g., by an S hook) or more securely reconnected at this higher level, e.g., by reengaging one or more connectors.

[001631 A connector can be disconnected from the ring enclosure (i.e., undone to release a ring) but retained on the staking means, for convenience. Alternatively, a connector can be disconnected from both the ring enclosure and the staking means, if desired. The connector can be reconnected to the staking means (e.g., rejoined at a different position on a stake), and reconnected to the ring enclosure (e.g., rejoined to a ring), as needed.

[00164] Notably, the use of connecting means, such as one or more connectors, may be used to assist the device in "growing upwards" with the plant. For example, while a plant is small, it is possible to erect the device with one lower ring connected at a lower position on the staking means and the next two higher rings connected at a higher position on the staking means. That is, both upper rings being connected via one or more connectors at essentially the same height on the staking means, or proximate thereto. As the plant grows, the top-most of the upper rings can be released from the staking means (e.g., by disengaging one or more connectors) and then raised and connected to a higher position on the staking means (e.g., by reengaging with one or more connectors). This effectively extends the ring enclosure to protect any new growth.

[00165] In one exemplary process:

(1) For the flexible material, a length of frost protection cloth is overlocked on the two longest edges. The cloth piece is marked at divisions, width-ways, to enable two cuffs (approximately 20 mm width, each) to be formed by stitching. This allows for ring insertions. The length of cloth (approximately 2 m) is hemmed at both ends with the top hem being wide enough for the insertion of a draw string. The cloth is then stitched securely together lengthwise to create a strong circular sleeve. A length of weatherproof rope (approximately 200 mm longer than the diameter of the protector) is inserted into the top hem to act as a drawstring with the ends of the rope fused to prevent unravelling.

(2) Next, three lengths of high tensile wire are cut to length (approximately 2100 mm each). These are inserted and threaded through the bottom hem and middle and upper cuffs. Each wire creates a circle by butting the ends together. These ends are joined using a crimp and crimping tool. For the staking means, two Y shaped steel posts (waratah standards; approximately 1900 mm) are made with holes drilled along one face of each post. The holes are designed to position the three rings onto the posts (the three rings hemmed/cuffed within the cloth).

[001661 In a further exemplary process:

(1) To erect the protector, the two Y-posts are rammed or hammered into the ground around a plant. The Y-posts are positioned equal distance from the trunk/bottom of the plant on each side of the plant with the distance apart being equal to the diameter of the protector plus 4 cm. This allows room for connectors to be joined to the holes on the Y post, and to clip onto the rings.

(2) Specifically employed as connectors are pinlocks, such as those used with Y-posts and electric fencing. Each pinlock includes two pins/linking segments. The pinlock provides connection to the Y-post by a first pin/linking segment, and connection to the ring by a second pin/linking segment. Connectors are clipped or unclipped as required. In particular: the top ring is unclipped for pruning or for adding plant ties; the bottom ring is unclipped and secured (e.g., with a small hook) for weeding or mulching; or all rings are unclipped for complete access to the plant.

Specific exemplifications of the plant protector

[001671 Nonlimiting exemplifications of the plant protector are described as follows.

[00168] Referring to Figure 1, this is a photograph depicting a perspective view of a plant protector. In this exemplification, the plant protector 1 is shown as having an essentially cylindrical shape, and essentially circular rings. Shown are the three rings a, 10b, 10c, and the two staking means 11a, 11b (here depicted as Y-posts) for connecting to the rings. The flexible material 12a, 12b, connecting the rings is shown. Half of the connecting means are also depicted: 13a, 13b, 13c. In this configuration, there are six connectors in total: three for each stake (two connectors per ring).

[00169] Referring to Figure 2, this is a photograph depicting a close up view of a plant protector. In this exemplification, the staking means 11 is depicted as a Y-post. The staking means 11 includes various openings (here depicted as holes, e.g., 15). The connector 13 is shown as connecting to the ring 10 and the staking means 11. This provides a connection between the ring and staking means. The connecting of the connector 13 to the staking means 11 is through an opening in the staking means. The connecting of the connector 13 to the ring 10 is through an opening in the flexible material. The connector 13 is depicted here as a pinlock-type connector for a fencing post. See, e.g., Figure 7A. Depicted also is the flexible material 12 connecting the rings (lower ring not shown).

[001701 Referring to Figure 3, this is a photograph depicting a perspective view of a plant protector. The arrangement shown is similar to that shown in Figure 1. However, in this exemplification, the plant protector 1 is shown as having a top end cinched closed with flexible material 12c and a drawstring 14. The drawstring 14 is depicted as being tied to the bamboo support (S) that is connected to the plant (connection to plant not shown). In this way, the top end of the plant protector can be closed off and secured. The arrangement shown in Figure 3 is depicted in close up in Figure 4.

[001711 Referring to Figure 5, this is a photograph depicting a close up view of a plant protector, with focus on the lower portion of the device. The arrangement shown is similar to that shown in Figure 1. However, in this embodiment, the lower ring 10a has been disconnected from the staking means 11a, 11b. The lower ring has then been lifted, and temporarily hooked to the middle ring 10b. This allows access to the bottom portion of the plant (P), for example, for mulching, fertilising, or retying the plant (plant shown as tied to bamboo support (S)). Also shown are various openings 15 in the staking means, which allow connection with a connector, e.g., 13b.

[00172] Referring to Figure 6, this is a photograph depicting a close up view of a plant protector, with focus on the upper portion of the device. The arrangement shown is similar to that shown in Figure 1. However, in this embodiment, the upper ring 10c has been disconnected from the staking means 11a, 11b. The upper ring then has been lowered, and temporarily linked up to the middle ring 10b via a connector, e.g., 13b. This allows access to the top portion of the plant (P), for example, for trimming, spraying, or retying the plant (plant shown as tied to bamboo support (S)).

[00173] Referring to Figures 7A and 7B, these are illustrations for a connector and a staking means, respectively, for use with a plant protector. In this embodiment, the connector 2 is depicted as a pinlock type mechanism used for fencing posts, while staking means 3 is depicted as a Y-post. The connector 2 includes a body 20 comprising two openings 22a, 22b, and further comprising two pins, 21a, 21b, which are sized to fit in the two openings. The two pins, 21a, 21b, are connected to the body 20 via linking segments, 23a, 23b. The stake 3 includes a blade 30 with a plurality of openings, e.g., 31.

[00174] To join connector 2:

[001751 According to the exemplifications of Figures 7A and 7B, the body 20 of the connector 2 can be connected via connector pin 21b to an opening on the stake, e.g., 31. To do this, connector pin 21b can be pinned through an opening (e.g., 31) on the stake, and also pinned through opening 22b on the connector body. In this way, connector pin 21b is joined to the stake 3 and connector pin 21b is also joined to the connector body (via linking segment 23b). This allows the stake 3 and the connector 2 to be joined.

[00176] Connector pin 21a can be pushed through the flexible material on the ring (e.g., through an opening or gap in the material), and wound around the rim of a ring (over or under the rim). Connector pin 21a can then be pinned to opening 22a on the connector body 20. In this way, connector pin 21a is joined to the ring and connector pin 21a is also joined to the body 20 (via linking segment 23a). This allows the stake 3 and the ring to be joined. Because the ring and the connector are joined, and because the stake and the connector are also joined, there is an joining between the ring and the stake (via the connector).

[001771 To unjoin connector 2:

[00178] According to the exemplifications of Figures 7A and 7B, connector pin 21a can be unpinned from opening 22a. Then, linking segment 23a can be unwound from around the rim of the ring, and pin 21a can be pulled back through the flexible material (e.g., through the opening or the gap in the material). This allows the ring to be unjoined from the connector 2 and from the stake 3.

[001791 Connector pin 21b can be unpinned from opening 22b, and also unpinned from the opening (e.g., 31) in the stake. This allows connector 2 to be unjoined from the stake 3. It will be understood that other connecting means can be used and adapted with the plant protector as needed. For example, two separate connection means, each with its own pin, body, opening, and linking segment, can be used.

[00180] Any references cited in this specification are hereby incorporated by reference. No admission is made that any reference constitutes prior art. Nor does discussion of any reference constitute an admission that such reference forms part of the common general knowledge in the art, in New Zealand or in any other country.

[00181] Persons of ordinary skill can utilise the disclosures and teachings herein to produce other embodiments and variations without undue experimentation. All such embodiments and variations are considered to be part of this invention.

[00182] Accordingly, one of ordinary skill in the art will readily appreciate from the disclosure that later modifications, substitutions, and/or variations performing substantially the same function or achieving substantially the same result as embodiments described herein may be utilised according to such related embodiments of the present invention. Thus, the invention is intended to encompass, within its scope, the modifications, substitutions, and variations to processes, manufactures, compositions of matter, compounds, means, methods, and/or steps disclosed herein.

Claims

WHAT IS CLAIMED IS:

1. A plant protecting device, the device comprising:

at least one ring adapted to encompass the depth and width of a plant, the at least one ring providing an enclosure around the plant;

at least one flexible material being connected to the at least one ring, the at least one flexible material providing a protective layer for the enclosure around the plant; and

at least one staking means being adapted for connection to the at least one ring, the staking means providing stabilisation and securement for the enclosure around the plant.

2. The device of claim 1, which comprises:

a. two rings, three rings, four rings, or more;

b. two flexible materials, three flexible materials, four flexible materials, or more;

c. two staking means, three staking means, four staking means, or more;

d. two or more rings of different sizes and/or two or more staking means of different sizes;

e. at least one electrical wire or other conductive component to allow energising via at least one power source;

f. an electric wire or other conductive connection to: one or more solar panels, electric fence energisers, heating elements, sensors, transmitters, and any combination thereof; and/or

g. wireless charging capability and/or wireless transmitting capability.

3. The device of claim 1 or claim 2, wherein:

a. the at least one ring is connected to the at least one flexible material by a reversible connection; b. the at least one ring is connected to the at least one staking means by a reversible connection; c. the at least one ring comprises: a circular, essentially circular, oval, elliptical, D-shaped, or polygonal configuration; d. the at least one ring comprises: one or more metals, plastics, resins, bamboo materials, wood materials, or any combination thereof; e. the at least one ring comprises a metal wire; f. the at least one flexible material comprises: frost cloth, shade cloth, fabric mesh, fabric netting, fabric covering, or any combination thereof; g. the at least one flexible material comprises: one or more strings, straps, bands, ropes, or any combination thereof; h. the at least one flexible material comprises a semi-rigid mesh or a semi-rigid netting; i. the at least one flexible material comprises: hemp, cotton, wool, nylon, polyester, polyamide, polypropylene, polyethylene, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), rubber, vinyl, metal, or any combination thereof; j. the at least one staking means comprises: one or more metals, plastics, resins, bamboo materials, wood materials, or any combination thereof; k. the at least one staking means comprises a metal stake;

1. the at least one flexible material is connected to the at least one ring by stitching, adhering, one or more linking components, or any combination thereof;

m. the at least one flexible material comprises a sleeve or sock configuration;

n. the at least one flexible material includes a top portion adapted to be closed off over the top of the enclosure, thereby protecting the top portion of the plant; o. the at least one flexible material includes a bottom portion adapted to be closed off around the bottom of the enclosure, thereby protecting the bottom portion of the plant; and/or p. the at least one staking means is connected to the at least one ring by at least one connector.

4. The device of claim 3, wherein:

a. the top portion or the bottom portion of the at least one flexible material is adapted to be closed off by: one or more means for cinching, folding, wrapping, tying, fixing, binding, or any combination thereof;

b. the at least one connector comprises: one or more catches, clasps, clips, clamps, grips, pins, pinlocks, ringlocks, hooks, ties, rivets, pegs, studs, or any combination thereof; and/or

c. the at least one connector comprises a pinlock.

5. A method of protecting a plant with a plant protecting device of any one of claims 1 to 4, the method comprising:

(i) placing an enclosure portion of the plant protecting device around the plant,

the enclosure portion comprising:

the at least one ring, which is adapted to encompass the depth and width of the plant, and

the at least one flexible material connected to the at least one ring, which is adapted to provide a protective layer for the enclosure around the plant; and

(ii) positioning and stabilising the enclosure portion around the plant with the at least one staking means of the plant protecting device,

this comprising: connecting the at least one ring to the at least one staking means that has been secured proximate to the plant, thereby protecting the plant with the plant protecting device.

FIG. 1 1 2021105555

13c

10c

11b

11a

12b 13b

10b

12a

13a

10a

FIG. 2

10 11

12

FIG. 3 S

14

12c

S FIG. 4

14

12c

FIG. 5 2021105555

10b

13b

10a

11a 15

P

S

11b

FIG. 6

S 2021105555

P

11a 11b

13b

10a 10b 10c

13a

FIG. 7A

20 2

21a 22a 22b 21b 2021105555

23a 23b a a

FIG. 7B

31