AU2019202998A1 - Energy Absorption Device - Google Patents

Abstract

An energy absorbing device comprises an enclosed shell comprising side walls and opposing end walls together defining a hollow internal volume within said enclosed shell, and a plurality of interior walls in said internal volume of said enclosed shell. The plurality of interior walls are spaced apart in said internal volume of said enclosed shell so that each interior wall is surrounded by the internal volume of said enclosed shell. Each interior wall defines an internal space in the form of a void within the internal volume of the enclosed shell and spans between said opposing ends of said enclosed shell such that the void spans completely across the enclosed shell and is open to the ambient environment from each opposed end of the enclosed shell.

Description

ENERGY ABSORPTION DEVICE

STATEMENT OF CORRESPONDING APPLICATIONS

This application is based on the Provisional Specification filed in relation to

New Zealand Patent Application Number 576140, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference, and is a divisional application of Australian application AU2017268574, which is a divisional application of Australian application AU2014277803, which is a divisional application of Australian application AU2010235275, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

TECHNICAL FIELD

This invention relates to an energy absorbing device.

BACKGROUND ART

A wide variety of energy absorbing apparatus are available for use in situations where it is desirable to absorb the energy of an impact.

For ease of reference only, the present invention will now be described with regard to roading applications, where impact of an erratic vehicle with a stationary object, (such as for example only: a wall, utility, pole or tree) can cause severe injury and/or death to occupants travelling in the vehicle. Similarly, vehicles that have been driven off course may be significantly slowed down by contact with an energy absorbing apparatus, reducing the danger when entering areas of risk, particularly at high speeds.

Vehicle collisions with stationary objects are a large contributor to deaths and serious injuries. To reduce the damage to occupants during a collision, a number

2019202998 30 Apr 2019 of assemblies have been devised to absorb and/or transfer the energy from the impact.

It is well known to use containers filled with water or sand as energy absorbing devices between roadways and stationary objects. One of the major disadvantages of this system is that the devices are relatively heavy, and in the case of the water filled devices, often difficult to maintain.

It is also well known to use air tight containers to absorb impact energy. These are somewhat effective, however once the container has had an initial impact and the container shattered or broken, there is no further way that energy can continue to be absorbed. These containers are known to be used both on land and sea, however they are not particularly effective when receiving a high energy impact.

US Patent 5,123,775 describes an impact attenuator to absorb the impact of vehicular collisions. The device described in this patent includes a fibreglass shell which defines a cavity in the interior thereof. Housed within the cavity is a plurality of layers of empty aluminium beverage cans. Each layer consists of a plurality of cans stacked end to end in a number of columns in the direction of anticipated impact. Each of the layers is then separated by a cardboard divider to maintain separation between the layers, and the assembled cans are then surrounded by a burlap shroud before being encased within the fibreglass shell.

This assembly has a number of disadvantages. As the aluminium cans are stacked end to end within the layers, the device will only function at its most effective when the collision occurs in a direction which is head-on into the end of the cans. This limits the types of situation where this assembly can be used and also may increase risk to a vehicle occupant if the apparatus is impacted from the nonpreferable angle. Additionally as the individual layers of cardboard and cans are not fixed together, the energy absorbed on impact is not readily transferred

2019202998 30 Apr 2019 throughout all layers of the device, limiting the effectiveness of the entire device to absorb impact. This system is also fairly labour intensive to produce, as individual cans need to be correctly positioned within columns and then layers, with cardboard dividers. The can and cardboard interior needs to then be encased in a burlap sack, then inserted within a fibreglass shell, making the process of producing the assembly time consuming and labour intensive.

A number of other roading barriers are known, such as those constructed using tyres. One such longitudinal barrier is described in WO 03/097964. This patent specification describes a longitudinal barrier constructed from a plurality of tyres that are configured in a staggered brick type fashion or are stacked on top of each other to form columns. The tyres are held in position by a series of cables, wire rope, or stakes depending on the configuration of the tyres. One disadvantage with this system is that tyres solely absorb the impact of a vehicle. For example the energy of the impact is only transferred to horizontally adjacent tyres via upright supports (binding devices 16, 26 or 47) The binding devices have a small surface area so the transfer of force to a tyre is limited. This invention is also labour intensive as it requires holes 13 to be cut into the tyres, refer to Figures 1, 3 and 5. Once the tyres have had holes introduced to them, there is a reduction in the amount of energy that can be absorbed or transferred through the system, further reducing the effectiveness of the tyres in absorbing impact. The barrier of WO 03/097964 is also limited slightly in that it is not surrounded by an outer shell or casing. The addition of an outer casing or shell seals the air inside the barrier, providing further resistance when the barrier is absorbing an impact.

In summary, the problem with the prior art assemblies such as shown in US 5,123,775 and WO 03/097964 is the fact the vehicle itself still has to absorb the majority of the force of impact, which cannot be transferred or absorbed by the assembly, for the reasons mentioned above. In the case of US 5,123,755 the

2019202998 30 Apr 2019 impact absorption efficiency is limited is by the aluminium cans not being connected to either each other or the layered cardboard. On impact, the cans may fall apart from each other once the fibreglass housing has been shattered, further increasing the energy that needs to be absorbed by the vehicle instead of the barrier. These problems occur due to both prior art assemblies relying on the resilience of the individual materials to absorb the majority of the impact. Each of the above assemblies are also potentially time consuming and labour intensive to manufacture on a large scale.

It would therefore be useful to have an assembly where the elements within the assembly are all interconnected in such a way, to increase the amount of energy that is absorbed and/or transferred to the assembly from an impacting vehicle, thereby decreasing the amount of force conveyed back to the occupants of the colliding vehicle. Additionally, it would also be an advantage to have an assembly that could be quickly and easily manufactured using readily available materials. It would be a further advantage to have an assembly that could be constructed in a range of shapes, such as; circular, square; a line, to suit a range of applications, without being expensive to construct.

Conventional energy absorbing apparatus and road barriers including those as described above only utilise a single type of energy absorbing element. It would also be useful if there could be provided an energy absorbing device which can utilise at least 2 types of energy absorbing elements.

It is an object of the present invention to address the foregoing problems or at least to provide the public with a useful choice.

All references, including any patents or patent applications cited in this specification are hereby incorporated by reference. No admission is made that any reference constitutes prior art. The discussion of the references states what their

2019202998 30 Apr 2019 authors assert, and the applicants reserve the right to challenge the accuracy and pertinency of the cited documents. It will be clearly understood that, although a number of prior art publications are referred to herein, this reference does not constitute an admission that any of these documents form part of the common general knowledge in the art, in New Zealand or in any other country.

It is acknowledged that the term ‘comprise’ may, under varying jurisdictions, be attributed with either an exclusive or an inclusive meaning. For the purpose of this specification, and unless otherwise noted, the term ‘comprise’ shall have an inclusive meaning - i.e. that it will be taken to mean an inclusion of not only the listed components it directly references, but also other non-specified components or elements. This rationale will also be used when the term ‘comprised’ or 'comprising' is used in relation to one or more steps in a method or process. Further aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the ensuing description which is given by way of example only.

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION

According to one aspect of the present invention there is provided an energy absorbing device comprising:

an enclosed shell comprising side walls and opposing end walls together defining a hollow internal volume within said enclosed shell, and a plurality of interior walls in said internal volume of said enclosed shell, wherein said plurality of interior walls are spaced apart in said internal volume of said enclosed shell so that each interior wall is surrounded by the internal volume of said enclosed shell, wherein each interior wall defines an internal space in the form of a void within the internal volume of the enclosed shell,

2019202998 30 Apr 2019 wherein each said interior wall spans between said opposing ends of said enclosed shell such that said void spans completely across the enclosed shell and is open to the ambient environment from each opposed end of the enclosed shell.

In some embodiments, in use, each interior wall spans across the enclosed shell in a direction substantially parallel or orthogonal to the general direction in which an impact is expected.

In some embodiments, the exterior and interior walls are integrally formed.

In some embodiments, the enclosed shell is made from substantially inflexible material.

In some embodiments, the substantially inflexible material is medium density polyethylene.

In some embodiments, the internal volume is sealed.

In some embodiments, the sealed internal volume is substantially airtight.

In some embodiments, the enclosed shell is substantially rectangular in shape.

In some embodiments, the internal space formed by each interior wall has a substantially circular or octagonal cross-sectional shape.

In some embodiments, the interior walls of the energy absorbing device are formed from a substantially inflexible material which is the same material used to form the enclosed shell.

In some embodiments, the internal spaces are orientated to be aligned parallel with respect to each other within the energy absorbing device.

2019202998 30 Apr 2019

According to another aspect of the present invention there is provided a modular safety device for surrounding a stationary object, the modular safety device comprising:

a housing, a plurality of energy absorbing devices, each energy absorbing device as described by any one or more of the above statements, wherein said housing is adapted to surround said plurality of said energy absorbing devices and the stationary object to provide a protective layer around the stationary object.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Further aspects of the present invention will become apparent from the following description which is given by way of example only and with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:

Figure 1 shows a perspective view of the energy absorbing device of the present invention;

Figure 2 shows a perspective cross section of the energy absorbing device of

Figure 1;

Figure 3 shows a perspective view of modular safety device in accordance with one preferred embodiment which includes a number of energy absorbing devices as shown in Figure 1;

Figure 4 shows a plan view of a modular safety device in accordance with another preferred embodiment which includes a number of energy absorbing devices shown in Figure 1; and

2019202998 30 Apr 2019

Figure 5 shows a plan view of a housing which includes a number of energy absorbing devices as shown in Figure 1 in accordance with a still further preferred embodiment of the present invention.

BEST MODES FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

Figures 1 and 2 show an energy absorption device 100 in accordance with one preferred embodiment of the present invention. The energy absorption device 100 is made from medium density polyethylene and has 6 external walls 101 - 106 which form an outer rectangular shell 200. As best seen in Figure 2 the shell 200 defines a first internal volume 210 that acts as an air cushion when the device 100 is sealed on all sides as shown in Figure 1.

The first internal volume 210 is further defined by interior walls or tubes 300. As shown in Figures 1 and 2, interior walls 300 span across internal volume 210 of the shell, running parallel between opposing sides of the shell 200. Interior walls 300 are octagonal in shape and define a space 310 within interior walls 300. In this embodiment there are four interior walls 300 shown, however it is envisioned that there may be any number of interior walls 300 located within shell 200.

In use, device 100 may be positioned to receive an impact from direction X, Y or Z or any angle in between as indicated by the axis in Figure 1. On impact, shell 200 contains air which is compressed by the initial energy of impact and this absorbs the majority of the impact energy then when the shell ruptures the remaining impact energy is transferred to (i.e. absorbed by) interior walls 300 which get crushed, absorbing more energy from the impact. As would be appreciated by a person skilled in the art, the more interior walls 300 positioned within housing 200 the more surfaces will be available for absorbing impact energy.

2019202998 30 Apr 2019

The devices 100 of the present invention may also be used as modules arranged within a further housing or arranged together to form a larger energy absorbing device.

Figure 3 shows a modular safety device generally indicated by arrow 500. The modular safety device 500 has four energy absorbing devices 501 - 504 which are connected by cables 505 and 506 which pass through apertures (not shown) in the energy absorbing devices 501 - 504. The modular safety device 500 in use can be wrapped around an object (not shown).

For example the modular safety device 500 can have multiple energy absorbing elements and can be wrapped around a power pole (not shown) one or more times to create one or more protective layers about the pole.

Although not shown it should be appreciated that the energy absorbing elements 500 can also be orientated so as to absorb the energy of an impact along the longitudinal axis of the device 500.

Figure 4 shows a modular safety device 600 which has number of modular energy absorbing devices 601 which surround the trunk of a tree 602. The energy absorbing devices 601 have apertures in the form of an integrally moulded tube (not shown) which passes from side to side to enable connection of adjacent energy absorbing devices 601. The energy absorbing devices 601 are connected via a cable 603 which is threaded through adjacent energy absorbing devices which are then wrapped around a tree and the two cable ends are clamped together so as to form a ring.

Figure 5 shows an alternate modular safety device 700. The modular safety device

700 has a first housing 701 connected via bolts (not shown) to a second housing 702. The modular safety device 700 surrounds a power pole 703. The first housing

701 has had the top of the housing removed in order to show the energy absorbing devices 704 which are located therein. As can be seen the centrally located energy absorbing device of which only the top one of a stack of two can be seen is horizontally orientated (i.e. lying down). By way of contrast the side energy absorbing devices on either side of the centrally positioned stack of devices are orientated vertically (i.e. standing up).

Aspects of the present invention have been described by way of example only and it should be appreciated that modifications and additions may be made thereto without departing from the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. WHAT WE CLAIM IS:

   1. An energy absorbing device comprising:

   an enclosed shell comprising side walls and opposing end walls together defining a hollow internal volume within said enclosed shell, and a plurality of interior walls in said internal volume of said enclosed shell, wherein said plurality of interior walls are spaced apart in said internal volume of said enclosed shell so that each interior wall is surrounded by the internal volume of said enclosed shell, wherein each interior wall defines an internal space in the form of a void within the internal volume of the enclosed shell, wherein each said interior wall spans between said opposing ends of said enclosed shell such that said void spans completely across the enclosed shell and is open to the ambient environment from each opposed end of the enclosed shell.
2. 2. The energy absorbing device as claimed in claim 1 wherein the exterior and interior walls are integrally formed.
3. 3. The energy absorbing device as claimed in claim 1 wherein the enclosed shell is made from substantially inflexible material.
4. 4. The energy absorbing device as claimed in claim 3 wherein the substantially inflexible material is medium density polyethylene.
5. 5. The energy absorbing device as claimed in claim 1 wherein the internal volume is sealed.

   2019202998 30 Apr 2019
6. 6. The energy absorbing device as claimed in claim 5 wherein the sealed internal volume is substantially airtight.
7. 7. The energy absorbing device as claimed in claim 1 wherein the enclosed shell is substantially rectangular in shape.
8. 8. The energy absorbing device as claimed in claim 1 wherein the internal space formed by each interior wall has a substantially circular or octagonal crosssectional shape.
9. 9. The energy absorbing device as claimed in claim 1 wherein the interior walls of the energy absorbing device are formed from a substantially inflexible material which is the same material used to form the enclosed shell.
10. 10. A modular safety device for surrounding a stationary object, the modular safety device comprising:

    a housing, a plurality of energy absorbing devices as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein said housing is adapted to surround said plurality of said energy absorbing devices and the stationary object to provide a protective layer around the stationary object.