AU2016369458B2 - Security element comprising hidden information and valuable document comprising same - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates particularly to a security element comprising a support (1) on which there is at least one print (2; 2'; 2"; 3), including a first print (2) which is invisible to visible light but revealed under a first wavelength range (λ

Description

SECURITY ELEMENT COMPRISING HIDDEN INFORMATION AND VALUABLE DOCUMENT COMPRISING SAME FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a security element. It also relates to a valuable document comprising at least one such element.

TECHNOLOGICAL BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The present invention applies more particularly to a security element for a valuable document such as for example a fiduciary document or similar.

The expression "fiduciary document" means all documents such as bank notes, cheques, bank cards or other media serving to transmit a sum of money.

The expression "similar document" means all documents sent out by a state administration to attest to the identity of a person, or his right to drive a vehicle, such as an identity card, a passport or a driver licence.

This expression also means any type of document which serves to authenticate an object of value, such as for example a label to be placed on a garment. It also means any document serving to authenticate payment of a duty, such as tax stamps.

In such a field, and more particularly for bank notes, it is known to affix one or more security elements of various types to protect these documents from possible fraudulentmanufacture.

In this way, there are different types of security elements responding to classification by level and the present invention relates to a security element of so-called second level, that is, the authentication of which needs a tool, for example an ultraviolet lamp, specifically a widely used tool whereof the usage is widely understood by the public.

The skilled person is familiar with document EP1567358 which describes a security device comprising at least two regions containing materials wherein the two regions or more have substantially the same visible colour in first conditions of observation comprising visible light and different colours visible in second conditions of observation which are a combination of visible light and a light of wavelength UV substantially any in the range from 235 to 380 nm.

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If the security element is simple to execute, it is still under threat from the increasing availability among the general public of legal ink printing solutions by inkjet or fluorescent "toners" (powder inks) in the range described above, that is, 235 to 380 nm, or even of illegal solutions using materials sold by sites hosted on the "Darknet" for example.

To reinforce security measures based on fluorescent materials, document EP1719637 discloses use of a transparent window extending through the relevant document, a transparent layer for blocking UV rays in the region defined by the transparent window and a first pattern of fluorescent ink printed between the layer blocking the UV and the transparent window.

In this way, the pattern is invisible normally but becomes visible from both sides if lit by UV coming from the side of the window. It remains invisible when illuminated from the side of the layer blocking the UV.

Of course, with a combination of fluorescent inks of different colours ideally placed on either side of the layer blocking the UV, it is possible to obtain complex effects which make counterfeiting more complicated.

But the disadvantage of this solution is that a transparent window has to be integrated into a paper document, or a polymeric base has to be adopted and materials added to form a layer blocking UV. This makes a strong impact on the complexity of manufacture of bases and their cost.

Document WO 2014 177375 discloses a security element composed of at least three layers each comprising a different material, whereof the first, the second and the third materials are capable of interacting reciprocally with a first, second and third electromagnetic emissions, the whole composing an animated pattern due to sequential illumination capable of emitting precisely and separately in each of the individual emissions exciting one of the materials in particular.

This shows the principle of cinematography with a pattern which seems to come alive when the series of illuminants lights up. The limitations of such a system for economic reasons are quickly seen where the number of images of the pattern in action allowing fluidity of movement will be kept very small to decrease inflation of the number of inks to be printed and, along with that, the number of different illuminants in the device serving to authenticate security.

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Inks reactive to ultraviolet rays (UV) are also known more conventionally, which emit a luminescent signal in the visible range (400-780 nm) under the action of a lamp having wavelengths less than 400 nm. These inks constitute a common example of second-level security.

Some pigments or ink dyes are also known to absorb at precise wavelengths. They need a lamp emitting at the selected wavelength.

Via selected wavelength, it is known to find the wavelengths 365 nm, 312 nm and 254 nm.

However, the main defect of pigments or the luminescent dyes of these inks is absorbing ultraviolet emissions over wide spectra with more or less strong intensities.

Also, ultraviolet lamps composed of fluorescent tubes emit over broadband spectra. This makes the work of counterfeiters easier, who use standard ultraviolet lamps to view zones designed for authentication of second-level fluorescent colours. They can therefore falsify documents by means of inks of commercial type, as mentioned above.

However, there are luminescent materials whereof the absorption peak is targeted over a narrower band, as well as ultraviolet illuminants composed of LED (Light Emitting Device) which emit only over a spectral band tightened around a precise wavelength and which also offer increased technical possibilities compared to vacuum tubes usually called neons, in terms of power consumption, switch-on/switch-off cycles etc.

This particular feature limits the action of counterfeiters, as it requires specific equipment. But, this equipment is still inexpensive, especially due to the upturn in LEDs which also combines the advantage of a small footprint, allowing the manufacture of miniaturised devices.

On the other hand, equipment with luminescence materials called "anti-stokes" which, under the action of a laser calibrated to the defined wavelength, emit in the visible.

Defined wavelength means a wavelength greater than 780 nm, and more particularly a wavelength of 980 nm.

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Such a security element is by nature difficult to make and requires specific equipment to identify it.

Document WO 2015/144646 constitutes more prior art which discloses some of the characteristics of the preamble of claim 1 of the present application. This document proposes revealing a first image recognisable as such, under particular lighting (short ultraviolet), then a second image recognisable as such, under other particular lighting (long ultraviolet), by way of a layer filtering short UV to obtain straightforward switching between the two images when moving from one lighting to the other.

There is therefore a proven need to provide elements security not visible to the naked eye and to visible light, whereof the complexity is not in the materials themselves (pigments, inks or bases impacting manufacturing costs), but in the arranging of printed patterns and the use of economic authentication devices, effectively counteracting any attempt at reproduction.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

From this viewpoint the present invention proposes a security element which comprises a support on which is present at least one print. This element comprises a first print invisible to visible light, but revealed under a first range of wavelengths outside the spectrum of visible light, as well as a second print invisible to visible light, but revealed under a second range of wavelengths outside the spectrum of visible light. Said first and second prints extend into regions which partially overlap, constituting at least one overlapping region. This element comprises a hidden information which is constituted by said at least one overlapping region, hidden information which is revealed under stroboscopic lighting alternating lighting under two ranges of wavelengths which correspond respectively to said first and second ranges of wavelengths.

According to other non-limiting and advantageous characteristics of the invention:

- said second range of wavelength is different and outside said first range of wavelength.

- the element comprises at least one other print invisible to visible light, but revealed under a range of wavelengths outside the spectrum of visible light, this range of wavelength being different and outside the other ranges of wavelength, that

10364219_1 (GHMatters) P109057.AU this at least one other print presents, jointly with the other prints, at least one mutual overlapping region, and that said at least one mutual overlapping region constitutes at least one item of hidden information which is revealed under stroboscopic lighting alternating lighting in ranges of wavelengths corresponding respectively to said first, second and other ranges of wavelengths;

- said hidden information is an image, a figure or a number, a text, a code, a relief print generated by the brain of an observer or a combination of the latter;

- all the prints are present on the same face of said support;

- at least one of said prints is present on a face of said support, whereas at least one second print is present on the opposite face;

- said first and/or the second print(s) is/are continuous, that is, constitute(s) a" plat";

- said first and/or the second print(s) is/are discontinuous, that is, is (are) constituted by at least two distinct and separate regions which together constitute a grid;

- the two prints are discontinuous and constituted by several distinct and separate regions, and under stroboscopic lighting, the coverage density of the support by said prints in said at least one overlapping region is substantially less, ideally half the coverage density of the support by said prints, outside the overlapping region; and

- the two prints are discontinuous and constituted by several distinct and separate regions, and under stroboscopic lighting, the coverage density of the support by said prints in said at least one overlapping region is substantially greater, ideally double the coverage density of the support by said prints, outside the overlapping region.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will emerge from the following description of preferred embodiments of the invention. This description is given in reference to the appended drawings, in which:

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- figures 1 and 2 are plan views of a bank note which integrates the security element according to the invention, figure 1 revealing the first print only, whereas figure 2 shows the second print only;

- figure 3 is a diagram in longitudinal section of the note of figures 1 and 2 showing partial coverage of the prints;

- figure 4 is a diagram showing the principle executed to reveal to an observer the hidden information within said prints;

- figures 5 and 6 are respectively top and bottom plan views of a bank note which integrates the security element according to the invention, the prints each being present on a large face of the note;

- figure 7 is a view similar to figure 3 of this second embodiment;

- figure 8 is a view similar to figure 4;

- figure 9 are plan views of three variants embodiments of first prints;

- figure 10 is a plan view of three variants of second prints which are combined with those of figure 9 when the stroboscopic lighting is activated;

- figure 11 is a plan view of the superpositions of prints of figures 9 and 10 and of the hidden information which they reveal;

- figures 12 to 14 are plan views of three prints, whereas figure 15 represents the superposition of prints of these three figures, with the hidden information which they reveal;

- figures 16 to 19 are views similar to figures 1 to 4 respectively, showing another variant of this embodiment;

- figures 20 to 23 are views similar to figures 5 to 8 respectively, showing another variant of this embodiment;

- figures 24 to 26 respectively show a first print in plan view, a transversal section of this print and of its base, as well as a second plan view with marking of the hidden information it conceals by a dotted contour for greater clarity but indiscernible in reality;

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- figures 27 to 29 are views similar to figures 24 to 26 relative to the second print which cooperates with the first print of the figures identified above;

- figure 30 is a plan view of what an observer sees when the two prints of figures 24 and 27 are subjected to stroboscopic lighting;

- figures 31 and 32 are views in transversal section of the base which has received these two prints, according to whether they are present or not on the same face of the support;

- figures 33 and 34 are frontal views of two prints which, seen together, produce a stereoscopic effect;

- finally, figures 35 and 36 are respectively simplified diagrams, in perspective and in section, of a device which can be used to make the hidden information visible which forms an integral part of the security element.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The entire following description will concern a security element which comprises at least two prints. In all these embodiments, these prints are made by means of inks, for example made in lines, with guilloches, in the form of a numismatic background, etc.

These prints are made by executing various printing techniques such as offset, screen-printing, intaglio, flexography, typography, ink jet or laser etc., without these examples being limiting.

The focus more particularly in terms of the invention will be on a security element printed by offset. However, that is a simple illustration, with recourse to offset prints needing to have available registered printing means, as will become clear later in the description.

In this way, it is understood in the present application that at least two prints or two patterns when they are identified (or registered) that is, with relative positions defined between them, when they are edge to edge (or contiguous), when they are perpendicular to each other overall etc., are theoretical terms, valid in the figures, the plans and the "layouts", but which suffer in reality from minimal differences in placement after they are made on the valuable document in question and also on several valuable documents compared to each other. It is for example usual to notice tolerances in

10364219_1 (GHMatters) P109057.AU placement between two groups of simultaneous or consecutive prints of the order of+/ 0.01 mm best in offset, while tolerances of at least +/- 0.2 mm at worst have to be envisaged when the prints are made in two separate passes which are therefore not in line.

As will also be detailed below, prints are made with means such as inks which are invisible to visible light and the naked eye, but revealed in ranges of wavelength outside the spectrum of visible light.

Advantageously, these prints are made with ink reacting for example to a wavelength in the ultraviolet range or else by using ink reacting to a wavelength in the infrared range.

The two prints emit in the visible with a defined hue (identical as per the two prints or different) when exposed to the precise absorption wavelength defined by the luminescent material itself.

When ink reacting to the wavelengths in the ultraviolet range is used, the range of wavelengths used will be less than 400 nm, and especially with absorption peaks centred around 365 nm, 312 nm and 254 nm.

When ink reacting to the wavelengths in the infrared range is used, this involves a range of wavelengths greater than 780 nm and especially with an absorption peak centred on 980 nm.

In this way, in reference to the attached figures 1 to 3, these deal with a bank note 1 whereof the large opposite faces 10 and 11 are coated with various prints and security means known to the skilled person and which will not be referred to later.

On the front side 10 of this note there is a print referenced 2 which presents two zones referenced A and B.

In this exemplary embodiment, the print 2 has the form of a square continued by a point on one of its sides. The zone A has a contour in the form of a lozenge, whereas the zone B corresponds to the remaining part.

In reference now to figure 2, on the same front side 10 of the note this shows only a second print 3 comprising two zones A' and C. The zone A' is registered with the zone A of the first print 2, such that they are superposed completely, and presents the

10364219_1 (GHMatters) P109057.AU same form and the same dimensions as the zone A. However, the zone C is to the right side of the zone A', and is opposite the zone B. The zone C could have, in a variant not described, a different and non-symmetrical form of that of the zone B.

In this way, in reference to the section of figure 3, it is clear that the prints 2 and 3 overlap partially to constitute an overlapping region 4 which is constituted by superposed zones A and A'.

As indicated above, the first print 2 is made by means of material invisible to visible light but revealed under a first range of wavelengths ;1 outside the spectrum of visible light. As for the second print 3, it is made by means of a second ink invisible to visible light and revealed under a second range of wavelengths outside the spectrum of visible light, this second range of wavelengths 2 being different and outside the first range of wavelengths.

Given these characteristics, it is understood that if the note is lit up above its front side 10 by making use of light of wavelength ki, only the print 2 is going to be revealed.

Similarly, if this face is lit up only with a light of wavelength .2, only the print 3 will be revealed. However, and as shown schematically in figure 4, if alternatively the face 10 of the note is lit up with light sources of wavelengths 11 and ? 2 , by alternating them relative to each other, with sufficient frequency to cause a stroboscopic effect, the retinal persistence for person observing the overlapping region 4 of the two printed layers is going to see (is going to reveal, that is, make visible) hidden information IC which will be perceived and interpreted unambiguously relative to the person wanting to authenticate the document, in this case the note 1.

In the entire present application, the expression "hidden information" means information which is not discernible from the outset but in specific conditions of observations, information which is recognized as such by the observer, for example because he intrinsically has a meaning for it.

The embodiment illustrated in figures 5 to 8 is very close to the previous. In this case, on the front side 10 of the note 1, this involves a first print 2 identical in every way to that shown in figure 1.

However, the second print is made not on the same front side 10 but on the reverse side 11, so that the zones A and A' are registered.

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What is shown in figure 7 in which the overlapping region of both prints 2 and 3 is still referenced 4.

Of course, this presupposes that the base per se is not absolutely opaque and especially of the colour of luminescence emitted on the reverse side (observer considered on the facing side) during illumination by stroboscopic effect, but this is the case of papers used to print valuable documents.

It is also possible to locally perform partial or total (transparency) deopacification via chemical or physical treatment or by a former operation capable of generating this property to further improve the effect of appearance of the hidden information.

In the same way as previously, but having light sources of wavelengths A1 andX 2

arranged on either side of the note, and by creating lighting under stroboscopic effect, the hidden information IC will be revealed by superposition of both prints 2 and 3, at the level of the zone 4. This information is visible by transvision, for the observer placed to one side or the other.

Figures 9 and 10 show three different embodiments of prints 2 and 3, each being in the form of a grid of parallel lines, but with lines of the print 2, oriented at 90° relative to those of the print 3.

In considering one or the other of these prints, no particular image is associated with these prints. But given their superposition due to retinal persistence obtained under stroboscopic effect, hidden images IC the observer identifies are all of a sudden revealed (figure 11).

In this case, from left to right, this hidden information IC is constituted respectively by the logo of the pound sterling, the sign of the dollar, and figure 5.

In the embodiment of figures 12 to 15, this deals with not two prints but three.

These prints are referenced 2, 2' and 2".

Here too, given each of these prints, no particular image is associated with these prints. But given their superposition of figure 15 revealed by stroboscopic lighting, the hidden information constituted by figure 5 is rapidly identified.

These three prints can all be made on the same face of the security element. But one or two of them can be affixed to a second face of the security element. Each print is

10364219_1 (GHMatters) P109057.AU preferably made using material whereof the revelation wavelength is different to the two others. However, it can be possible that printing for two of these layers is revealed with a light of the same wavelengths. This is also the case for two layers only if these two layers are on opposite faces.

Figures 16 to 19 illustrate another embodiment similar to that of figures 1 and 2, specifically that the two prints 2 and 3 are made on the same recto face of the note 1.

However, in this context, the overall contour of each of the prints 2 and 3 is strictly identical and each print comprises a zone of perfect coverage A and A' constituting the zone 4.

In the same way as for the embodiment of figures 1 and 2, in illuminating alternatively the front side of the note by means of lights of wavelengths 1 and k2 , the hidden information which occupies the zone A and A' is revealed under stroboscopic effect.

As for the embodiment of figures 20 and 21, as an element common with the embodiment which has just been described is the fact that the prints 2 and 3 are superposed exactly, but in the form of a print 2 made on the front side 10, and a print 3 made on the reverse side 11.

In the wavelength k, and given the print 2, the density of lines or of points of this print is defined such that the density of A, specifically dA, is equal to the density of B, specifically dB. Similarly, with respect to the print 3 lit by a source of wavelengthX2 the density of lines or of points of this layer 3 is defined such that this density relative to the zone A' (or dA') is equal to the density of the zone C (or dC).

By illuminating the whole sequentially by means of light sources of wavelengths Xi and k2 , three options are possible for the superpositions:

In this way, when dA + dA' is greater than dB, and dA + dA' greater than dC, the zones B and C being without overlapping, the hidden information is reconstituted partly. In the second case where dA or dA' is less than or equal to dA + dA', which is less than dB + dC, the zones B and C overlapping at least partially, the information appears negative. Finally, in the third case, that is, when dA + dA' is greater than dB + dC, themselves greater than or equal to dB or dC, the zones B and C being covered at least partially, the information appears positive.

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Figure 24 illustrates a print 2 applied to the front side 10 which is formed by a set of distinct points. The print 2 is viewed in section in figure 25. In figure 26, the hidden information IC is embodied by a dotted contour for greater clarity in the figure but is indiscernible in reality.

Figures 27 and 28 show a second print 3 also constituted by points distinct from each other printed so that there is coverage of some of these points with those of the print 2. The print 3 can be made either on the front side 10 or on of the reverse side 11. In figure 29, the hidden information IC is embodied by a dotted contour for greater clarity in the figure but is indiscernible in reality.

In this way, given figures 30 to 32, that the prints are made on the same face 10 (figure 31) or on the opposite faces 10 and 11 (figure 32), the hidden information IC constituted by the number 50 is revealed because in this overlapping region 4 the density of points is substantially less by half in this case than the rest of the surface of prints 2 and 3 overlapping the security element.

Figures 33 and 34 show other forms of print 2 and 3 which are observed to simulate stereoscopic binocular vision of a subject S in a decor D, just as an observer in real life would do.

In this case, the subject S is in the centre and represents a seated person, drawn with a contour. The decor D or background, also drawn in lines, is itself constituted by steps in the low part and wall sections in the top part. The two images linked to the decor are considered at slightly different angles.

In this case, the hidden information IC is the relief of the central subject generated by the interpretation of the brain of an observer of images observed via the stroboscopic effect when the alternating frequency of illuminations sticks together any relative movement of images and therefore generates the stereoscopic effect. So in this case, if dA is the density of the central subject of the print 2 in the wavelength 11 and dA' is that of the subject of the print 3 in the wavelength k2 , then in superposition the sum dA plus dA' is equal to dA or dA' (the subjects are combined). Also, the sum of the density dB of the decor of the print 2 in the wavelength k1 with the density dC of the same decor of the print 3 in the wavelength k2 is greater than dB and dC considered separately.

By way of example Figures 35 and 36 show a device 5 which reveals the hidden information IC within a security element such as described above.

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In this case, this device here has the form of a casing 5 with a lower part 50 and an upper part 51, which presents a through observation window 52. The lower part and the upper part are separated by an opening or slot 53 made at least partially in the casing 5 and into which a flat valuable document plat could be slid on which the security element to be revealed can be placed to subject it to authentication according to the invention.

Of course, the casing 5 contains light sources of wavelengths i and 2 or more if needed. These light sources are referenced 6 and 7.

These light sources, of diode type, are arranged and connected to an electronic card, in turn provided with an On/Off button 80, with a battery, for example of Li-ion type, provided with a USB 82 port. Of course, other power modes can be considered as the sector or a standard non-rechargeable battery, etc.

Not disclosed in the present document, another variant is the case where light sources are located on the same side when the prints 2 and 3 are therefore on the same side. The form itself of the casing 5 can change. It is not absolutely indispensable to have a slot 53 for inserting the sample to be authenticated. In fact, the latter is there only to contribute half-light suitable for discerning colours of luminescent materials. In fact, if authentication is performed in a site already plunged into half-light or with a cover removable to the target site, this will produce the same result.

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Claims (10)

1. A security element which comprises a support (1) on which is present at least one print (2; 2'; 2"; 3), which comprises a first print (2) invisible to visible light, but revealed under a first range of wavelengths (X1) outside the spectrum of visible light, as well as a second print (3) invisible to visible light, but revealed under a second range of wavelengths (X2) outside the spectrum of visible light, said first and second prints (2, 3) extending into regions which partially overlap, constituting at least one overlapping region (4),

characterized in that it comprises a hidden information (IC) which is constituted by said at least one overlapping region (4), hidden information (IC) which is revealed under stroboscopic lighting alternating lighting under two ranges of wavelengths which correspond respectively to said first and second ranges of wavelengths (Q1 and k2 ).

2. The security element according to claim 1, characterized in that said second range of wavelength (A 2 ) is different and outside said first range of wavelength (A1 ).

3. The security element according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it comprises at least one other print (2', 2") invisible to visible light, but revealed under a range of wavelengths outside the spectrum of visible light, this range of wavelength being different and outside the other ranges of wavelength (?1 and X2 ), that this at least one other print (2', 2") presents, jointly with the other prints (2, 3), at least one mutual overlapping region (4), and that said at least one mutual overlapping region (4) constitutes at least one item of hidden information (IC) which is revealed under stroboscopic lighting alternating lighting in ranges of wavelengths corresponding respectively to said first, second and other ranges of wavelengths.

4. The security element according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that said hidden information (IC) is an image, a figure or a number, a text, a code, a relief print generated by the brain of an observer or a combination of the latter.

5. The security element according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that all the prints (2, 3; 2', 2") are present on the same face (10; 11) of said support (1).

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6. The security element according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that at least one of said prints (2; 3; 2'; 2") is present on a face (10) of said support (1), whereas at least one second print (2; 3; 2'; 2") is present on the opposite face (11).

7. The security element according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said first and/or the second print(s) (2; 3; 2'; 2") is/are continuous, that is, constitute(s) a "a plat".

8. The security element according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said first and/or the second print(s) (2; 3; 2'; 2") is/are discontinuous, that is, is (are) constituted by at least two distinct and separate regions which together constitute a grid.

9. The security element according to claim 8 wherein the two prints (2, 3) are discontinuous and constituted by several distinct and separate regions, characterized in that under stroboscopic lighting, the coverage density of the support (1) by said prints (2, 3) in said at least one overlapping region (4) is substantially less, ideally half the coverage density of the support by said prints, outside the overlapping region (4).

10. The security element according to claim 8 wherein the two prints (2, 3) are discontinuous and constituted by several distinct and separate regions, characterized in that under stroboscopic lighting, the coverage density of the support (1) by said prints (2, 3) in said at least one overlapping region (4) is substantially greater, ideally double the coverage density of the support by said prints, outside the overlapping region (4).

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