AU2007201199B2 - Tackifier solution and process for producing tackifier solution - Google Patents

Abstract

Abstract The present invention relates to a tackifier solution comprising a rosin resin, a alkylene glycol, a neutralizing agent and water, wherein the tackifier solution is substantially free of surfactant. The invention also relates to a method for the production of the tackifier solution, its use as a tackifier and an adhesive composition comprising the tackifier solution.

Description

P/00/0 II Regulation 3.2 AUSTRALIA Patents Act 1990 COMPLETE SPECIFICATION FOR A STANDARD PATENT ORIGINAL TO BE COMPLETED BY APPLICANT Name of Applicant: AVERY DENNISON CORPORATION Actual Inventor: Mark Gower Address for Service: CALLINAN LAWRIE, 711 High Street, Kew, Victoria 3101, Australia Invention Title: TACKIFIER SOLUTION AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCfNG TACKIFIER SOLUTION The following statement is a full description of this invention, including the best method of performing it known to us:- TACKIFIER SOLUTION AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCING TACKIFIER SOLUTION Related Applications This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/783,955, filed March 20, 2006, and U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/822,790, filed August 18, 2006. The entire disclosures of both provisional 5 applications are hereby incorporated by reference. Technical Field The present invention relates to tackifier solution, a process for the 1o production of the same, its use as a tackifier, and a pressure sensitive adhesive composition comprising the tackifier solution. Background In general, pressure sensitive adhesives are provided as solvent 15 polymers, bulk polymers and emulsion polymers. Some polymers are inherently tacky, while others require a tackifier in the adhesive formulation. The tackifier improves the peel-resistance and ease of surface wetting of the adhesive in addition to improving the tackiness of the adhesive. Resinous materials that have been used as tackifiers include rosin and 20 rosin derivatives, hydrocarbon resins, aromatic petroleum resins, and terpene resins. Rosin is a natural resinous product consisting mainly of rosin acids. Typical rosin acids include abietic acid, pimaric acid, levopimaric acid, isopimaric acid, neoabietic acid, palustric acid dehydroabietic acid and sandarocopimaric acid. Hydrocarbon resins are generally low-molecular 25 weight aliphatic or aromatic polymers typically having a weight average molecular weight of 500-3000. In aqueous pressure sensitive adhesive formulations, the tackifier resin is commonly added in the form of an aqueous dispersion. To make a dispersion from a resinous material such as a rosin or hydrocarbon resin, a 30 surfactant is generally required to act as an emulsifier. For rosin and hydrocarbon resins, the aqueous dispersion is typically made by first melting 1A the rosin or hydrocarbon resin and then adding a surfactant and water to form a dispersion in which the rosin or hydrocarbon resin is the dispersed phase and water is the continuous phase. While aqueous adhesive formulations generally exhibit good adhesion 5 to a variety of substrates, their adhesive performance is often inferior to that of their solvent-based counterparts. This deficiency may be attributed, at least in part, to the surfactant used to disperse the tackifier resin. Surfactants inherently plasticize polymer-tackifier resin blends, which reduces adhesive shear. Also, surfactants may impede adhesion by migrating to the substrate 10 interface, thereby interfering with the ability of the adhesive to stick thereto. Aqueous pressure sensitive adhesives are often characterized by a limited shelf life, by a limited ability to wet the substrate to which they are applied and by a mechanical stability that is less than ideal for high-shear and high-speed applications. Extended shelf life is generally desirable and 15 exceptional substrate wetting and mechanical stability are important for high speed coating. High-speed coaters, such as gravure, reverse gravure and slot die coaters are now commonly used to produce lower coat weights and allow for increases throughputs. It is desirable, therefore, to produce a stable, tackified aqueous 20 pressure sensitive adhesive having excellent adhesion to a variety of substrates and having excellent processing characteristics. It is further desirable to provide a relatively low cost tackifier composition that can be produced in a process requiring very few steps and that can be easily incorporated into aqueous pressure sensitive adhesive formulations. 25 Summary In one aspect of the invention there is provided a tackifier solution comprising at least one rosin resin; at least one alkylene glycol; at least one neutralizing agent and water; wherein the tackifier solution has a pH of at 30 least about 8.5 and is substantially free of surfactant. In another aspect of the invention there is provided a process for the production of a tackifier solution comprising: dissolving at least one rosin resin in at least one alkylene glycol to form a rosin/alkylene glycol solution; adding water into the rosin/alkylene glycol solution to form a rosin/alkylene 2 glycol/water mixture; and adjusting the pH of the mixture to at least about 8.5 by the addition of at least one neutralizing agent. In a further aspect of the invention there is provided an aqueous adhesive composition comprising at least one adhesive polymer and a 5 tackifier solution, the tackifier solution comprising at least one rosin resin; at least one alkylene glycol; at least one neutralizing agent and water; wherein the tackifier solution has a pH of at least about 8.5 and is substantially free of surfactant. The aqueous adhesive composition may further comprise a rosin resin tackifier dispersion. 10 Detailed Description The present invention provides a process for the production of a tackifier solution, use of the tackifier solution, and an adhesive composition comprising the tackifier solution. Adhesive compositions comprising the 15 tackifier solution have excellent cohesion, high adhesion and good wetting properties. In one aspect of the invention, there is provided a tackifier solution comprising at least one rosin resin, at least one alkylene glycol, at least one neutralizing agent and water. 20 In a further aspect of the invention, a process for preparing the tackifier solution is provided comprising dissolving at least one rosin resin in at least one alkylene glycol to form a rosin/alkylene glycol solution, adding water to the rosin/alkylene glycol solution to form a rosin/alkylene glycol/water mixture, adjusting the pH of the mixture to at least about 8.5 by the addition of at least 25 one neutralizing agent. The rosin resin of the tackifier solution may be a rosin or rosin derivative of wood rosins, gum rosins, tall oil rosins, fully or partially polymerized rosins, disproportionated rosins, or esterified rosins. The rosin resin may comprise rosin acids, which may be mainly a mixture of C 20 30 monobasic carboxylic acids containing a phenanthrene skeleton. The rosin can be an unmodified or a modified rosin. There are many different ways of modifying rosin. For example, the rosin can be partially fortified or esterified. In one embodiment, the rosin is a glycerol, pentaerythritol or triethylene glycol ester of a rosin acid. The rosin can be treated with paraformaldehyde in the 3 presence of paratoluene sulphonic acid to inhibit crystallization or it can be stabilized by disproportionation which involves transferring hydrogen atoms from one molecule of abietic acid to another. This may be suitably carried out by heating rosin at from about 1000C to about 3000C in the presence of a 5 disproportionation catalyst. Examples of disproportionation catalysts include: supported or non supported metals such as palladium, nickel and platinum iodine, iodides such as iron iodide, sulphur dioxide and sulfides such as iron sulfide. The catalyst may be suitably employed in an amount of from about 0.1% to about 5% by weight on the basis of the amount of rosin employed. 10 The disproportionated rosin prepared in the above manner generally have a content of abietic acid of not more than about 5% by weight. Rosins partially saponified with sodium or potassium hydroxide or with a volatile base (e.g. ammonia or a lower amine such as triethanolamine) are also useful. The tackifier solution according to the invention can comprise any of the above 15 described rosins or mixtures thereof. In one embodiment, the rosin resin has an acid number in the range of about 100 to about 210. In another embodiment, the acid number is in the range of about 125 to about 175. As used herein, "acid number" means the number of milligrams of potassium hydroxide required for neutralization of or 20 reaction with ionizable groups present in 1 g of material, such as resin. Commercially available rosin resins include, for example, Burez S4065, a disproportionated rosin derived from tall oil rosin having an acid value of 142 and a softening point of 65 (R&B, *C) and Burez S3066, a disproportionated rosin derived from gum rosin, having an acid value of 153.3 ±6.5 and a 25 softening point of 65±3 (R&B, *C), both from Akzo Nobel. One or more alkylene glycols may be used in the process of producing the tackifier solution. Useful alkylene glycols include those belonging to the group of C2-C5 polyalkylene glycols, such as polyethylene glycol and polypropylene glycol. End-capped alkylene glycols such as C2-C5 alkylene 30 glycol mono alkyl ethers, wherein the alkyl is Cr1C5 alkyl, such as polypropylene glycol methyl ether, polyethylene glycol methyl ether, polyethylene glycol butyl ether, and mixtures of two or more thereof may be used. Particularly useful alkylene glycols include dipropylene glycol methyl ether and monopropylene glycol monomethyl ether. 4 At least one neutralizing agent is used in the process of producing the tackifier solution. As used herein, "neutralizing agent" means compositions that can react with the ionizable groups on the polymeric resin to affect water dispersibility. Examples of neutralizing agent useful in the present invention 5 include amines, ammonia, metal hydroxides including NaOH and KOH, and mixtures of two or more such neutralizing agents. Amine neutralizing agents include, for example, N,N-dimethyl aminoethanol, methyl amine, monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine and triethylamine. The process for preparing the tackifier solution comprises dissolving at 10 least one rosin resin in at least one alkylene glycol to form a rosin/alkylene glycol solution, adding water to the rosin/alkylene glycol solution to form a rosin/alkylene glycol/water mixture, and adjusting the pH of the mixture to at least about 8.5 by the addition of at least one neutralizing agent. In one embodiment, the pH is at least about 9. The resulting tackifier solution is 15 water-soluble. A rosin solution is prepared by first dissolving at least one rosin resin in at least one alkylene glycol. The alkylene glycol must be miscible in water and capable of dissolving the rosin resin(s) used. Prior to adding the rosin resin to the alkylene glycol, the rosin resin may be processed, such as by 20 milling or crushing in order to facilitate dissolution of the rosin resin. Water is mixed into the rosin/alkylene glycol solution to provide an initial ratio of alkylene glycol to water ratio of about 1:1.25 to about 1:1.75. A neutralizing agent is added in an amount sufficient to convert the oily rosin/alkylene glycol/water mixture into a homogeneous solution having a pH of at least 25 about 8.5, or at least about 9. The neutralizing agent may be added prior to or after addition of the water. In one embodiment, the neutralizing agent comprises ammonia. The solids content of the resulting tackifier solution may be at least 50% by weight. In one embodiment, the solids content is at least 60% by weight. 30 The tackifier solutions of the present invention are substantially free of surfactants. As used herein, "substantially free of surfactant" means a composition with not more than about 0.5 weight percent surfactant. The tackifier solutions produced have high storage stability, good mechanical stability and low foaming characteristics. The tackier solutions 5 may be easily incorporated into aqueous adhesive dispersions under low speed, low shear processing conditions. The invention further relates to an aqueous adhesive composition comprising one or more adhesive polymers and the tackifier solution 5 according to the invention. In one embodiment, the aqueous adhesive composition is a pressure sensitive adhesive (PSA) composition. In one embodiment, the aqueous adhesive composition comprises from about 50 to about 90 weight % of a synthetic polymer dispersion or natural rubber latex, and from about 10 to about 50 weight % of the tackifier solution. As used 10 herein, the term "dispersion" means a two-phase system where one phase consists of finely divided particles distributed throughout a bulk substance, the particles being the disperse or internal phase and the bulk substance the continuous or external phase. Suitable polymers in the aqueous adhesive composition include natural and synthetic rubbers such as polychloroprene 15 rubber, styrene-butadiene rubbers, SlS block copolymers, SBS block copolymers, VAE (vinylacetate ethylene copolymers), nitrile rubbers and polyisobutylene rubbers, acrylate polymers, acrylic polymers such as acrylic esters and methacrylate polymers or mixtures thereof. In one embodiment, the polymers used in the aqueous adhesive 20 composition comprise acrylic polymers and/or acrylic ester copolymers. The acrylic may be composed of a copolymer of an ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid or its anhydride and as desired, another ethylenically unsaturated monomer copolymerized with these monomers. Examples of the ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid or its anhydride include acrylic acid, 25 methacrylic acid, crotonic acid, maleic acid, phthalic acid, itaconic acid, citraconic acid, maleic anhydride, and itaconic anhydride. Examples of the ethylenically unsaturated monomers with ionizable groups other than -COOH include acrylamido (2-methyl propane sulfonic acid), vinyl phosphonic acid, and sodium styrene sulfonate. Examples of the acrylic or methacrylic ester 30 include methyl (meth)acrylate, ethyl (meth)acrylate, isopropyl (meth)acrylate, n-butyl (meth)acrylate, isobutyl (meth)acrylate, n-amyl (meth)acrylate, isoamyl (meth)acrylate, n-hexyl (meth)acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl (meth)acrylate and n-octyl (meth)acrylate. The (meth)acrylate represents an acrylate and a methacrylate. 6 In one embodiment, the adhesive polymer used in the aqueous adhesive composition comprises an acrylic polymer dispersion commercially available from Avery Dennison Performance Polymers under the designation Avery 683. In another embodiment, the adhesive polymer comprises an 5 acrylic polymer dispersion commercially available from Synthomer under the trade name Revacryl 640. Other compounds known to the person skilled in the art may also be included in the aqueous adhesive composition exemplified by wetting agents, biocides, stabilizers, antioxidants, fillers, pigments and the like. The amounts 10 of polymers/copolymers and other compounds contained in the adhesive compositions are not critical and may vary so as to give the desired properties of the adhesive composition. The compounds can be in any physical state guided by the state of the adhesive composition such as dispersed in an aqueous phase, liquid or solid. 15 In one embodiment, the aqueous adhesive composition comprises a tackifier dispersion in addition to the tackifier solution to tackify the adhesive. The tackifier dispersion may comprise a rosin resin dispersion, such as Snowtack SE780G, which is a 55% rosin ester dispersion having a softening point of 80*C from Akzo Nobel. 20 The adhesive compositions containing the tackifier solution of the present invention have been found to be very stable and the tackifier therein provides exceptional tack, peel and shear strength to the adhesive formulation. The improved stability and low coagulum content of the adhesive formulations enables the adhesives to be used in high shear coating 25 applications, such as high speed die coating. It has also been found that adhesives containing the tackifier solution of the present invention possess superior wet stick properties, which are particularly useful in labeling applications involving, for example, condensated containers as in the beverage industry. 30 The aqueous pressure sensitive adhesives may be used in adhesive articles such as labels, tapes, decorative appliques, and the like. Suitable substrates serving as adhesive carriers or facestocks to which the adhesive may be applied include non-woven material, such as, for example, paper, plastic, metal or foam; woven material, such as, for example, woven cotton or 7 woven synthetic polymers. Non-limiting examples of the latter include polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyester and polyamide. The following examples are intended to illustrate the present invention and not to limit it. All percentages are by weight, unless otherwise specified. 5 Example 1 Preparation of tackifier solution: To a mixing drum containing 36.8 kg of dipropylene glycol methyl ether (Arcosol* DPM from Lyondell) there is added 63.2 kg of a rosin resin (Burez S3066) to form a rosin/solvent solution. 1o The rosin/solvent solution, in an amount of 125 kg, is charged to a mixing drum. To the drum is added 60 kg of water to form a rosin/solvent/water mixture. Ammonia (25% solution) is slowly added to the rosin/solvent/water mixture until the mixture turns from an oily mixture to a white emulsion and finally to a dark, clear solution having a pH in the range of about 8.5 to about 15 9.5. Example 2 Preparation of aqueous pressure sensitive adhesive composition: An aqueous dispersion of an acrylic copolymer (Acronal* AX3215 from BASF), in 20 an amount of 214 kg, is charged to a Shutz container. The tackifier solution of Example 1 is slowly added over a period of about 30 minutes to the acrylic dispersion under low speed, low shear mixing conditions. Water is added to the Shutz container as needed to keep the container contents fluid. When the addition of the tackifier solution is complete, mixing of the adhesive 25 composition is continued for approximately 1 hour. The viscosity of the resulting aqueous adhesive is in the range of 1000 to 1800 cP (Brookfield 3/50/20C). Example 3 30 Preparation of tackifier solution: To a mixing drum containing 41.7 kg of monopropylene glycol monomethyl ether (Arcosolv PM from Lyondell) there is added 71.7 kg of a rosin resin (Burez S3066) to form a rosin/solvent solution. The rosin/solvent solution, in an amount of 113.4 kg, is charged to a mixing drum. To the drum is added 54.3 kg of water to form a 8 rosin/solvent/water mixture. Ammonia (25% solution) is slowly added to the rosin/solvent/water mixture until the mixture turns from an oily mixture to a white emulsion and finally to a dark, clear solution having a pH in the range of about 8.5 to about 9.5. 5 Example 4 Preparation of aqueous pressure sensitive adhesive composition: An aqueous dispersion of an acrylic copolymer (AVERY 683), in an amount of 565 kg, is charged to a Shutz container together with 4 kg of a 75% sodium 10 dioctyl sulfosuccinate solution that has been diluted with an equal amount of water and mixed using low shear for at least 20 minutes. The tackifier solution of Example 3 is slowly added over a period of about 10 minutes to the acrylic dispersion under low speed, low shear mixing conditions. Water is added to the Shutz container as needed to keep the container contents fluid. 15 When the addition of the tackifier solution is complete, 180 kg of Snowtack SE780G tackifier dispersion is added and mixing is continued with low shear agitation for at least 10 minute. The viscosity of the resulting aqueous adhesive is in the range of 900 to 1200 cP (Brookfield 3/50/20C). 20 Example 5 Preparation of tackifier solution: To a mixing drum containing 41.7 kg of monopropylene glycol monomethyl ether (Arcosolv PM from Lyondell) there is added 71.7 kg of a rosin resin (Burez S4065) to form a rosin/solvent solution. The rosin/solvent solution, in an amount of 113.4 kg, is charged to a 25 mixing drum. To the drum is added 54.3 kg of water to form a rosin/solvent/water mixture. Ammonia (25% solution) is slowly added to the rosin/solvent/water mixture until the mixture turns from an oily mixture to a white emulsion and finally to a dark, clear solution having a pH in the range of about 8.5 to about 9.5. 30 Example 6 Preparation of aqueous pressure sensitive adhesive composition: An aqueous dispersion of an acrylic copolymer (AVERY 683), in an amount of 565 kg, is charged to a Shutz container. The tackifier solution of Example 5, 9 in an amount of 176 kg is slowly added over a period of about 10 minutes to the acrylic dispersion under low speed, low shear mixing conditions. Water is added to the Shutz container as needed to keep the container contents fluid. When the addition of the tackifier solution is complete, 180 kg of Snowtack 5 SE780G tackifier dispersion is added and mixing is continued with low shear agitation for at least 10 minute. The solids content of the adhesive is 54-57%. The viscosity of the resulting aqueous adhesive is in the range of 900 to 1500 cP (RVT 3/20/20C). 10 Example 7 Preparation of tackifier solution: To a mixing drum containing 41.7 kg of dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether (Arcosolv PM from Lyondell) there is added 71.7 kg of a rosin resin (Burez S4065) to form a rosin/solvent solution. The rosin/solvent solution, in an amount of 113.4 kg, is charged to a mixing 15 drum. To the drum is added 86.6 kg of water to form a rosin/solvent/water mixture. Ammonia (25% solution) is slowly added to the rosin/solvent/water mixture until the mixture turns from an oily mixture to a white emulsion and finally to a dark, clear solution having a pH in the range of about 8.5 to about 9.5. 20 Example 8 Preparation of aqueous pressure sensitive adhesive composition: An aqueous dispersion of an acrylic copolymer (AVERY 683), in an amount of 565 kg, is charged to a Shutz container. The tackifier solution of Example 7, 25 in an amount of 208 kg is slowly added over a period of about 10 minutes to the acrylic dispersion under low speed, low shear mixing conditions. Water is added to the Shutz container as needed to keep the container contents fluid. When the addition of the tackifier solution is complete, 180 kg of Snowtack SE78OG tackifier dispersion is added and mixing is continued with low shear 30 agitation for at least 10 minute. The solids content of the adhesive is 54-57%. The viscosity of the resulting aqueous adhesive is in the range of 900 to 1500 cP (RVT 3/20/20C). 10 Example 9 Preparation of aqueous pressure sensitive adhesive composition: An aqueous dispersion of an acrylic copolymer (Revacryl 640), in an amount of 470 kg, is charged to a Shutz container. The tackifier solution of Example 5, 5 in an amount of 162.4 kg is slowly added over a period of about 10 minutes to the acrylic dispersion under low speed, low shear mixing conditions. Water is added to the Shutz container as needed to keep the container contents fluid. When the addition of the tackifier solution is complete, 140.5 kg of Snowtack SE780G tackifier dispersion is added and mixing is continued with 1o low shear agitation for at least 10 minute. The solids content of the adhesive is 55-58%. The viscosity of the resulting aqueous adhesive is in the range of 800 to 1300 cP (RVT 3/20/20C). While the invention has been explained in relation to its preferred 15 15 embodiments, it is to be understood that various modifications thereof will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the specification. Therefore, it is to be under stood that the invention disclosed herein is intended to cover such modifications as fall within the scope of the appended claims. 20 Throughout this specification and the claims which follow, unless the context requires otherwise, the word "comprise", and variations such as "comprises" and "comprising", will be understood to imply the inclusion of a stated integer or step or group of integers or steps but not the exclusion of 25 any other integer or step or group of integers or steps. The reference to any prior art in this specification is not, and should not be taken as, an acknowledgment or any form or suggestion that the prior art forms part of the common general knowledge in Australia. 11

Claims (20)

1. A tackifier solution comprising at least one rosin resin; at least one alkylene glycol; at least one neutralizing agent and water; wherein the tackifier solution has a pH of at least 8.5 and is substantially free of surfactant.

2. The tackifier solution of claim 1 wherein the rosin resin has an acid number in the range of 100 to 210.

3. The tackifier solution of claim 1 or 2 wherein the rosin resin comprises a disproportionated rosin derived from tall oil rosin or gum rosin.

4. The tackifier solution of any one of claims 1 to 3 wherein the alkylene glycol comprises a C 2 -C 5 polyalkylene glycol or a C 2 -C 5 polyalkylene glycol mono alkyl ether.

5. The tackifier solution of any one of claims I to 4 wherein the alkylene glycol comprises dipropylene glycol methyl ether or monopropylene glycol monomethyl ether.

6. The tackifier solution of any one of claims 1 to 5 wherein the neutralizing agent comprises an amine, ammonia, a metal hydroxide, or a mixture of two or more thereof.

7. The tackifier solution of any one of claims I to 6 wherein the neutralizing agent comprises ammonia.

8. The tackifier solution of any one of claims 1 to 7 wherein the solids content is at least 50% by weight.

9. A process for the production of a tackifier solution comprising: dissolving at least one rosin resin in at least one alkylene glycol to form a rosin/alkylene glycol solution; 02103/12.ckl6444clains, 12 - 13 adding water to the rosin/alkylene glycol solution to form a rosin/alkylene glycol/water mixture; and adjusting the pH of the mixture to at least 8.5 by the addition of least one neutralizing agent.

10. The process of claim 9 wherein the water is added in an amount effective to provide an initial ratio of alkylene glycol to water of 1:1.2 to 1:1.7. I1. The process of claim 9 or 10 wherein the tackifier solution is substantially free of surfactant.

12. The process of any one of claims 9 to 1 1 wherein the rosin resin has an acid number in the range of 100 to 210.

13. The process of any one of claims 9 to 12 wherein the rosin resin comprises a disproportionated rosin derived from tall oil rosin or gum rosin.

14. The process of any one of claims 9 to 13 wherein the alkylene glycol comprises a C-C 5 polyalkylene glycol or a C 2 -C 5 polyalkylene glycol mono alkyl ether.

15. The process of any one of claims 9 to 14 wherein the alkylene glycol comprises dipropylene glycol methyl ether or monopropylene glycol monomethyl ether.

16. The process of any one of claims 9 to 15 wherein the neutralizing agent comprises an amine, ammonia, a metal hydroxide, or a mixture of two or more thereof.

17. The process of any one of claims 9 to 16 wherein the neutralizing agent comprises ammonia. 02/03/12.ck 16444claims. 13 - 14

18. An aqueous adhesive composition comprising at least one adhesive polymer and a tackifier solution, the tackifier solution comprising at least one rosin resin; at least one alkylene glycol; at least one neutralizing agent and water; wherein the tackifier solution has a pH of at least 8.5 and is substantially free of surfactant.

19. The adhesive composition of claim 18 wherein the adhesive polymer comprises at least one acrylic polymer.

20. The adhesive composition of claim 18 or 19 wherein the alkylene glycol comprises dipropylene glycol methyl ether or monopropylene glycol monomethyl ether.

21. The adhesive composition of any one of claims 18 to 20 further comprising a rosin ester tackifier dispersion. 02/03/12,ckI6444claiins. 14