AU2005202402B2 - Endoscopic suture systems - Google Patents

Description

AUSTRALIA

PATENTS ACT 1990 DIVISIONAL APPLICATION NAME OF APPLICANT: Boston Scientific Limited ADDRESS FOR SERVICE: DAVIES COLLISON CAVE Patent Attorneys 1 Nicholson Street Melbourne, 3000.

INVENTION TITLE: "Endoscopic suture systems" The following statement is a full description of this invention, including the best method of performing it known to us: P (OPER\U 26 18230) 14 im4 07 spa! dm0.14103/2(0X)7 -1- ENDOSCOPIC SUTURE SYSTEMS Cross-Reference to Related Application This incorporates by reference, and claims priority to, and the benefit of, provisional U.S. patent application serial number 60/078,916, which was filed on March 1998.

Technical Field The invention generally relates to surgical instruments for applying sutures to tissue.

Background Information Suturing of body tissue is a time consuming aspect of many surgical procedures.

For many surgical procedures, it is necessary to make a large opening in the human body to expose the area that requires surgical repair. There are instruments available that allow for viewing of certain areas of the human body through a small puncture wound without exposing the entire body cavity. These instruments, called endoscopes, can be used in conjunction with specialized surgical instruments to detect, diagnose and repair areas of the body that previously required open surgery to access.

Currently, most surgical instruments used in endoscopic procedures are limited by the manner in which they access the areas of the human body in need of repair. In particular, the instruments may not be able to access tissue or organs located deep within the body or that are in some way obstructed. Also, many of the instruments are limited by the way they grasp tissue, apply a suture, or recapture the needle and suture. In addition, many of the instruments are complicated and expensive to use due to the numerous parts and/or subassemblies required to make them function properly.

P\OPERDHM12618230 14 M.l 07 paI doc-1431/2&l7 -2- Summary of the Invention In accordance with the invention, there is provided a suturing instrument, comprising: an elongated body member including a distal portion and defining a curved channel within the distal portion; a curved needle including a series of notches, the curved needle for being received within the curved channel; and a pusher disposed within the elongated body member and being movable within the elongated body member to contact the notches of the needle and advance the needle out of the curved channel.

Embodiments according to this aspect of the invention can include the following features. The curved channel and/or the curved needle can comprise a semi-circular shape.

The series of notches disposed on the curved needle can be located on the needle's concave or convex surface. The suturing instrument can define an opening leading to the curved channel and a protruding edge at the opening for engaging the series of notches of the needle.

3 The invention is described, by way of non-limiting example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: FG. 1A is a top view of the distal end of one embodiment of the suturing system; FIG. 1B is a side view of the distal end of one example of the suturing system featuring a Z-bend needle catch; FIG. 1C is a longitudinal section view of the distal end of one example of the suturing system taken along line C-C; FIG. 1D is a side view of an example of a needle and suture; FIG. 2A is a schematic representation of one example for suturing transversely positioned tissue; FIG. 2B is another schematc representation of one example for suturing transversely positioned tissue; FIG. 3A is a section view of the distal end of the suturing system of the example shown in FIGS.

2A and 2B in the retracted position; FIG. 3B is a section view of the distal end of the suturing system of the example shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B in the extended position; FIG. 4 is a perspective view of one example of a needle catch for use with the sutunng system of FIGS. 2 and 3; FIG. 5A is a longitudinal section view of the distal end of one example of a suturing system; FIG. 5B is a crss-section view of the distal end ofone example ofa suturing system taken at line

B-B;

-4- FIG. 5C is a side view of one example of a needle with suture; FIG. 5D is a perspective side view of one example of a pusher, FIGS. 6A-6C are schematic, perspective, side-view representations of one example of suturing system featuring an elbow-shaped, elongated body member with a rotatable head shown in vanous rotated positions, but not showing a needle deployment mechanism or a needle catch mechanism; FIGS. 6D-6F are schematic representations of some details of the rotatable head shown in FIGS.

6A-6C and featuring a needle deployment mechanism, a needle catch mechanism, and the engaging elements; FIG. 7A is a schematic representation of one example of a suturing system featuring an elbowshaped, elongated body member with a rotatable suturing head used in connection with a grasper, FIG. 7B is a schematic representation of one example of a suturing system showing a sectional view of the grasper in the extended position; and FIG. 7C is a schematic representation of one example of a suturing system shown located in the urethra and bladder.

In general, the present invention is directed to various improvements of components and mechanisms of needle deployment systems for suturing devices, such as those disclosed in U.S. Patent No.

5,713,910 to Gordon et al., U.S. Patent No. 5,578,044 to Gordon et al., U.S. Patent No. 5,575,800 to Gordon, U.S. Patent No. 5,540,704 to Gordon et al., U.S. Patent No. 5,458,609 to Gordon et al., and U.S. Patent No.

5,364,408 to Gordon, all of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.

Referring to FIGS. 1A and IB, the distal end 10 of one example ofa suturing system defines a distal longitudinal groove 12 located at the tip 14 of the distal end 10 and intersecting with the distal wall 16 of an opening 18. The suturing system Brief Description of the Drawings In the drawings, like reference characters generally refer to the same parts throughout the different figures. Also, the drawings are not to scale; emphasis instead generally being placed upon illustrating the principles of the invention.

FIG. 1IA is a top view of the distal end of one embodiment of the suturing system according to the invention.

FIG. 1B is a side view of the distal end of one embodiment of the suturing system according to the invention featuring a Z-bend needle catch.

FIG. 1C is a longitudinal section view of the distal end of one embodiment of the suturing system according to the invention taken along line C-C.

FIG. 1D is a side view of an embodiment of a needle and suture for use with the invention.

FIG. 2A is a schematic representation of one embodiment of the invention for suturing transversely positioned tissue.

FIG. 2B is another schematic representation of one embodiment of the invention for suturing transversely positioned tissue.

FIG. 3A is a section view of the distal end of the suturing system of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B in the retracted position.

FIG. 3B is a section view of the distal end of the suturing system of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B in the extended position.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of one embodiment of a needle catch for use with the suturing system of FIGS. 2 and 3.

Fig. 5A is a longitudinal section view of the distal end of one embodiment of the suturing system of the invention.

Fig. 5B is a cross-section view of the distal end of one embodiment of the suturing system of the invention taken at line B-B.

S their original position once the shoulders 60 have entered the opening 34 and the neck 58 of the needle 54 is lodged in the openrng 34 Preferably, the neck 58 has smaller dimensions than the S opening 34 to permit the edges 36 to return to their original position The needle 54 is released from the needle catch 20 by sliding the neck 58 of the needle 54 toward the mouth 38 of the operung 34 The dimensions of the mouth 38 are larger than the dimensions of the shoulders S to perrmt the release of the needle 54 from the needle catch 0 Needle deployment/catch systems as described in FIGS IA- IC can be made with various tg dimensions as necessary for a specific application In particular, this instrument is well suited to O being made to minute dimensions For example, suitable dimensions to use for a instrument for performing an urethral anastomosis can be as follows the tip 14 may be 1 15 in long, 0 205 inch wide, and 0 275 in high, the distal end 10 may be 0 058 in in diameter, the needle carrier 44 may be 0032 in in diameter, the distance between the distal wall 16 of the opemrng 18 to the opening 30 of the needle catch 20 may be 0 15 in long.

One advantage of the suturing system/instrument of FIGS IA-1D is that it requires fewer pans, thereby, making it easier and less expensive to manufacture than known devices Referring to FIGS. 2A and 2B, in another example of the suturng instrument 66, the instrument is configured to deploy a needle 54 through tissue 68 positioned substantially perpendicular to the elongated body member 82 of the suturing instrument 66 The sutunng instrument comprises a pusher 72 having a knob 74 at the proximal end and an elongated portion 76 extending from the knob 74 to the distal end and connected to the needle carrier driver 78 and the needle catch driver 80. The elongated portion 76 of the pusher 72 is positioned within an elongated body member 82, which includes a tubular body that extends from the proximal end to the distal end where it contacts the tissue 68 to be sutured The elongated body member 82 includes a handle portion 84 located at the proximal end that provides grip for manipulation of the instrument and support for actuating the pusher 72 In the retracted position, as shown in FIG 2A, the tissue 68 to be sutured is positioned at the distal end of, and substantially perpendicular to, the elongated body member 82 The needle carrier 44 and the needle catch 20 are positioned within the elongated body member 82, and the knob 76 is afar from the handle portion 84 of the elongated body member 82 In an extended CN position, as shown in FIG 2B, the needle camer 44 holding a needle 54 and the needle catch Ct are moved to a position outside the elongated body member 82 and into the tissue 68 The needle carrier 44 and the needle catch 22 can be moved simultaneously by the needle camer dnver 78 and the needle catch driver 80 when actuated by the pusher 72 The needle carrier 44 and the needle catch 22 meet afar from the distal end of the elongated body member and into the tissue 68 such that the needle 54 with a suture 56 attached thereto is pushed through the opening 34 of the ,1 needle catch 20 until the shoulders 60 of the needle 54 snap there through In the extended N position, the knob 74 ofthe pusher 72 is proxmal to, and in contact with, the handle 84 of the 0 elongated body member 82 The suture 56 and the needle 54 are brought back out of the C, tissue 68 with the needle catch 20 when the sutunng system is returned to its retracted position To facilitate return to the retracted position, the knob 74 of the pusher 72 may alternatively comprise a nng for insertion of a finger by the operator of the instrument Refemng to FIGS 3A and 3B, showing a longitudinal section of the distal end ofa particular example of a suturing instrument 66, the interior wall 86 of the elongated body member 82 tapers inward at the distal end When the pusher 72 is depressed, moving from afar towards the handle 84, the elongated portion of the pusher 72 pushes simultaneously the needle camer driver 78 and the needle catch dnver 80 towards their extended position The tapered interior wall 86 directs both, the needle carrier 44 and the needle catch 20 towards each other when pusher 72 is depressed Alternatively, the needle camner dnver 78 and needle catch 80 can be prebent or include a pivotal system such as a pivot pin or scissors so that the paths of the needle carrier 44 and the catch 20 run from separated lateral positions within the elongated body member 82 to an intersecting point outside the elongated body member 82 In the fully extended position, shown i FIG 3B, the needle 54 has been pushed through the opening 34 of the needle catch 20 within the tissue 68 to be sutured When the sutunng instrument 66 is returned to its retracted position, as shown in FIG. 3A, the needle 54 is retained by the needle catch 20 and drawn out of the tissue 68 The needle 54 can then be released from the needle catch 20 by pulling the needle 54 and cutting the suture 56 off A needle catch 20, suitable for use in the suturing instrument 66 shown in FIGS 2A and 21, is shown in FIG 4 The needle catch 20 is preferably made of a sheet of stainless steel which S-8- N is bent to provide a concave surface 88 and a convex surface 90 for rigidity The needle catch t can contain several openings 34 The needle catch 20 also comprises two tapered sides 92 that merge into a point 94 for easy penetration of tissue 68 The needle catch 20 can be mounted and secured to the needle catch driver 80 either by permanent bond using glue or any known interlocking system such as pressure snap-in.

Referring to FIGS. 5A-5D, in another example the suturing instrument includes an elongated body member 82 having a channel 96 extending from the head S portion to the distal end FIG SA shows a longitudinal sectional view of the distal end of the S sutunng instrument 66 with the distal end of channel 96 intersecting tangentially with a curved 0 guiding channel 98 The guiding channel 98 is positioned along the longitudinal axis of the elongated body member 82 and defines two openings 100, 102 on the lateral side of the elongated body member 82 The proximate opening 100 permits ingress of a needle 104 (shown in FIG having a curved shape and a series of notches 106 on a portion of the convex surface 108 The point I 10 of the needle having smooth surfaces and being tapered to facilitate penetration of tissue 68 The tail 112 of the needle 104 having a hole to permit fixation of the suture matenal 56.

Referring to FIGS 5A and 5B, a pusher 114 is positioned in the longitudinal channel 96 with the head 1 16 forrmng an edge to provide support and engage into the notches 106 of the needle 104 introduced into the guiding channel 98.

On the outer wall I 18 of the distal opening 102 is positioned a protruding edge 120 that provides for locking of the needle 104 during egress from the guiding channel 98 Each push of the pusher I 14 moves the needle 104 within the guiding channel 98 from the proximal opening 100 to the distal opening 102 until a notch 106 locks onto the protruding edge 120 A pull of the pusher 1 14 slides the head 116 of the pusher 1 14 against the sliding sides of the notches 106 until it engages in a notch 106 closer to the tail 112 of the needle The push and pull motion is repeated several times until all of the needle 104 has passed through the guiding channel 98, and into tissue positioned parallel to, and in contact with, the distal opening 102 The needle 104 can then be extracted from the tissue once the point I 10 resurfaces out of the mass of the tissue with surgical pliers, tweezers, hemostats, needle holders, or other appropriate surgical instrument 09- CN FIG 5B shows a cross-sectional view of the distal end of the suturing instrument at the S inrersection between the longitudinal channel 96 and the guiding channel 98 IN FIG 5D shows a prospective view of the pusher 14 with the head 1 16 In yet another example, the instrument can be adapted to facilitate access into the O 5 abdormnal cavity and the placement of suture(s) radially in a body lumen Such instrument may C be paricularly useful where anastomosis is required such as urethral anastomosis following radical rC< prostatectomy or in blood vessel or bowel anastomosis Referring to FIGS 6A-6C, the suturing instrument 66 includes an elongated body member 82 and a rotatable head 124 The elongated C1 body member 82 can include an elbow 122 (or bend) The head 124 rotates by angular 3 increments The elongated body member 82 includes an engaging element located at its distal end 128 The head 124 includes an engaging element located at its proximal end 126 for mating with the engaging element of the elongated body member 82 The head 124 includes a dilator cap or a bullet-shaped end at the distal end 130 of the head 124 to maintain the urethra or any body lumen in a dilated configuration The rotation of the head 124 is performed manually between each application of a suture in a body lumen and before reloading with the needle and suture to permit application of a series of sutures along the circumferepce of the lumen, at incremental angular positions that can be as small as 10°. The example of the suturing instrument featuring an elbow and rotatable head is particularly adapted to perform suturing after removal of the prostate to connect the bladder to the urethra or generally following any other type of resection.

In one example, the rotatability of the head 124 is accomplished with the structure depicted in FIGS 6D-6F The head 124 includes an engaging element with a male configuration 123. The male configuration 123 includes a series of fluted cuts 133 located along 3300 of its permeter The male configuration 123 includes a stop to prevent the head from rotating 360°.

The elongated body member 82 includes an engaging element with a female configuration 125 and a flexible detent 131 The female configuration 125 is a substantially circular recess with the flexible detent mounted within the elongated body member 82 and protruding into the substantially circular recess The flexible detent 131 can be a length of spring wire or a pin, and can be made ofnitinol The head 124 can be positioned by rotating the male configuration 123 engaging element with respect to the female configuration 125 engaging element, deflecting the flexible detent 131, and then allowing the flexible detent 131 to mechanically engage the fluted cut (C 133 which corresponds to the desired angular orientation The head can be positioned in angular Sincrements of 30 0 In addition, the head 124 depicted in FIGS 6D-6F includes a needle deployment mechanism 127 and a needle catch mechanism 129 Referring to FIGS 7A-7C, to further facilitate positioning of the instrument within the body passageway, a grasper device 132 may be introduced into the body cavity by a second point of entry The grasper device compnses a hollow elongated body member 134 for housing a pair of spring-loaded jaws or tweezers 136 at the distal end of the body member 134 The tweezers 136 are close together in a retracted position as shown in FIG 7A and open to permt grasping of the knob 138 located on the distal end of the head 124 in an extended position as 0 shown in FIG 7B When closed around the ball or knob 138, the grasping tweezers 136 can allow rotatable movement of the knob 138 and thus rotation of the head 124 The proxma end ofthe grasper device 132 features a button 140 that is positioned at the proamal end of a wire 142 The wire 142 is connected to the tweezers 136 at the distal end The device is manta.ned in the retracted position by a spring 144 located in the head 146 of the Sgrasper 132 which rests its proximal end against the button 140 and its distal end against a protuberance 148 positioned in the intenor wall of the head 146 FIG. 7C shows both the grasper 132 and the suturing instrument 66 located in the urethra 150 and the bladder 152 below the public bone 154 of a male following prostatectomy The void left by the removed prostate is addressed by using the instrument 66 together with the grasper 132 to insert sutures all around the end of the urethra 150 to join it to the bladder 152 In yet other examples, the aforementioned suturing systems can be used to deploy an anchor or fastener that is to remain in the tissue. Such anchor or fastener may be; for example, a barbed needle, a metal clip, or a staple.

Many modifications and variations may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as described. Thus, numerous examples include, but are not limited to: changes in the dimensions of the instruments; the type of materials employed; the location and type of needle, anchor or fastener; and needle loading mechanisms. The described examples are to be considered in all -11rcspects only as illustral ev and not rstric; :ve Therefore. is intended :hat the scope of the present in\ennon be only limned by the following claims Throughout this specification and the claims which follow, unless the context requires otherwise, the word "comprise", and variations such as "comprises" and "comprising", will be understood to imply the inclusion of a stated integer or step or group of integers or steps but not the exclusion of any other integer or step or group of integers or steps.

The reference to any prior art in this specification is not, and should not be taken as, an acknowledgment or any form of suggestion that that prior art forms part of the common general knowledge in Australia.

Claims (6)

1. 2. The suturing instrument of claim 1 wherein the elongated body member includes a bend.
2. 3. The suturing instrument of claim 1 wherein the elongated body member includes two bends.
3. 4. The suturing instrument of claim 1 wherein the elongated body member is adapted to access remote organs or tissue within the body. The suturing instrument of claim 1 wherein the elongated body member comprises a malleable material.
4. 6. The suturing instrument of claim 1 wherein the curved channel comprises a sem- circular shape.
5. 7. The suturing instrument of claim 1 wherein the curved needle comprises a semi- circular shape. P \OPER\DI2618230 14 M 07 spal doc-14/132007
6. 13- 8. The suturing instrument of claim 1 wherein the elongated body member further defines an opening leading to the curved channel and a protruding edge of the opening for engaging the series of notches of the needle. 9. The suturing instrument of claim 1 wherein the series of notches are disposed on a convex surface of the curved needle.