AT410273B - Apparatus for biodegrading biomass, e.g. grass, has shafts fitted with swiveling plates or rakes for adding or removing material, mat at base absorbing liquid and distributing recycled gas - Google Patents
Apparatus for biodegrading biomass, e.g. grass, has shafts fitted with swiveling plates or rakes for adding or removing material, mat at base absorbing liquid and distributing recycled gas Download PDFInfo
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- AT410273B AT410273B AT0091800A AT9182000A AT410273B AT 410273 B AT410273 B AT 410273B AT 0091800 A AT0091800 A AT 0091800A AT 9182000 A AT9182000 A AT 9182000A AT 410273 B AT410273 B AT 410273B
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- fermenter
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C3/00—Treating manure; Manuring
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C3/00—Treating manure; Manuring
- A01C3/02—Storage places for manure, e.g. cisterns for liquid manure; Installations for fermenting manure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M21/00—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses
- C12M21/04—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses for producing gas, e.g. biogas
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M33/00—Means for introduction, transport, positioning, extraction, harvesting, peeling or sampling of biological material in or from the apparatus
- C12M33/16—Screw conveyor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M45/00—Means for pre-treatment of biological substances
- C12M45/02—Means for pre-treatment of biological substances by mechanical forces; Stirring; Trituration; Comminuting
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
AT 410 273 BAT 410 273 B
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Anlage zum Abbau von Biomasse durch Mikroorganismen in einem Fermenter, der mit einer Einrichtung zum Zuführen von zu vergärender Biomasse, einer Einrichtung zum Abführen der vergorenen Biomasse und einer Einrichtung zum Sammeln und Abführen des gebildeten Biogases versehen ist. Ähnliche Systeme werden in den Schriften US 5 616 241 A, RO 113 458 B1, US 5666890 A, US 5750028 A, AT 404084 B sowie DE 3100324 A beschrieben.The invention relates to a plant for the degradation of biomass by microorganisms in a fermenter, which is provided with a device for supplying biomass to be fermented, a device for discharging the fermented biomass and a device for collecting and discharging the biogas formed. Similar systems are described in the documents US 5 616 241 A, RO 113 458 B1, US 5666890 A, US 5750028 A, AT 404084 B and DE 3100324 A.
Die erfindungsgemäße Biogasanlage weist gegenüber den bekannten Systemen den Vorteil auf, dass sie durch ihren einfachen Aufbau auf landwirtschaftlichen Betrieben eingesetzt werden kann wo eine einfach zu handhabende Technik mit hoher Betriebssicherheit gefordert ist.The biogas plant according to the invention has the advantage over the known systems that its simple design means that it can be used on agricultural holdings where easy-to-use technology with high operational reliability is required.
Dies wird erfindungsgemäß mit den Maßnahmen des kennzeichnenden Teiles des Anspruches 1 erreicht.This is achieved according to the invention with the measures of the characterizing part of claim 1.
Weiters weist die erfindungsgemäße Biogasanlage gegenüber herkömmlichen Systemen den Vorteil auf, dass sie verstopfungssicher betrieben werden kann und in dieser Anlage bei genügen großer Dimensionierung die gesamte organische Substanz eines durchschnittlichen landwirtschaftlichen Betriebes, insbesondere Gras, vergoren werden kann.Furthermore, the biogas plant according to the invention has the advantage over conventional systems that it can be operated without clogging and that the entire organic substance of an average agricultural business, in particular grass, can be fermented in this plant with sufficient dimensions.
Ein angeschlossene Gastrenner dient zur Trennung von Methan von den Restgasen (hauptsächlich C02) und deren Rückführung in den Fermenter, welches zu einer Erhöhung der Methanproduktion führt.A connected gas separator is used to separate methane from the residual gases (mainly C02) and return them to the fermenter, which leads to an increase in methane production.
Zudem werden in einer der beispielsweisen Ausführungsformen die Abgase, nach der Verbrennung in den Fermenter eingetragen, die Wärmeenergie in den Abgasen kann so direkt genutzt werden und die eingepumpten Abgase unter Umständen auch zum Verrühren des Substrates im Fermenter verwendet werden.In addition, in one of the exemplary embodiments, the waste gases are introduced into the fermenter after combustion, the thermal energy in the waste gases can thus be used directly and the pumped-in waste gases may also be used to stir the substrate in the fermenter.
Dasselbe gilt für die thermische Vorbehandlung im Zubringeschacht.The same applies to thermal pretreatment in the feeder shaft.
Die in den Fermenter, vorzugsweise im unteren Bereich des Fermenters eingetragenen Abgase, werden durch eine Gasdurchlässige und teilweise Flüssigkeitsdurchlässige Vorrichtung dem Substrat großflächig zugeführt wodurch in der Gaseintrage-Vorrichtungen eventuelle Sauerstoffanteile durch aerobe Bakterienstämme abgebaut werden und welche zudem als Trägermaterial für Bakterien dient.The exhaust gases introduced into the fermenter, preferably in the lower region of the fermenter, are supplied to the substrate over a large area by a gas-permeable and partially liquid-permeable device, as a result of which possible oxygen components are broken down in the gas introduction devices by aerobic bacterial strains and which also serves as a carrier material for bacteria.
Das in den Abgasen enthaltene C02 wird wiederum von den Bakterien im Fermenter, teilweise zur Bildung von Methan herangezogen, was den Gesamtgasertrag steigern kann, ein Teil vom C02 ist hierbei unter Umständen aus diesem Kreislauf abzutrennen und muss an de Aussenluft abgegeben werden.The C02 contained in the exhaust gases is in turn used by the bacteria in the fermenter, partly to form methane, which can increase the total gas yield. Part of the C02 may have to be separated from this cycle and must be released to the outside air.
Es wird durch die Trennung des Gasgemisches ein ideales Gasgemisch-Verhältnis im Fermenter und außerhalb erzielt.The separation of the gas mixture achieves an ideal gas mixture ratio inside and outside the fermenter.
Die Gastrennung erfolgt vorzugsweise durch einen Druck-Gas-Wäscher, wodurch der Methan-Anteil so erhöht wird, dass dieses weiter verarbeitet (verbrannt) werden kann. Durch dieses Verfahren ist es möglich nicht nur die Methanproduktion zu steigern, sondern auch den C02-Anteil der Luft, welcher nach der Verbrennung des Gas-Luft-Gemisches in einer WKK den System zugeführt und von Bakterien in CH4 umgewandelt wird, zumindest zum Teil in Energie umzuwandeln und so der Umwelt, das bei zu hohem Anteil in der Atmosphäre, gefährliche Treibhausgas in geringen Mengen zu entziehen.The gas is preferably separated by a pressure gas scrubber, which increases the methane content so that it can be further processed (burned). With this method it is possible not only to increase the methane production, but also the CO2 content of the air, which is fed into the system after combustion of the gas-air mixture in a WKK and converted into CH4 by bacteria, at least partly in To convert energy and thus to withdraw the dangerous greenhouse gas in small quantities from the environment if the proportion in the atmosphere is too high.
Zur Verrührung des Substrats im Fermenter sind Traktormixer vorgesehen, welche über Flansche am Fermenter fixiert sind wobei einer in den oberen und einer in den unteren Bereich des Fermenters ragt.To mix the substrate in the fermenter, tractor mixers are provided, which are fixed to the fermenter via flanges, one projecting into the upper and one into the lower region of the fermenter.
Dies hat den Vorteil, dass durch die hohe Leistung der Traktormixer ein vermischen im Fermenter auch bei sehr hohem Feststoff-Anteil möglich ist, zudem sind diese Mixer kostengünstig und betriebssicher und sind leicht zu wechseln und abzudichten.This has the advantage that due to the high performance of the tractor mixers mixing in the fermenter is possible even with a very high solids content. In addition, these mixers are inexpensive and reliable and are easy to change and seal.
Dadurch, dass der Vorschacht vorzugsweise so groß dimensioniert ist dass eine Tagesration auf einmal eingefüllt werden kann, jedoch nicht sofort in den Fermenter gelangt, ist eine thermische Vorbehandlung leicht zu bewerkstelligen, zudem kann durch die Einschiebevorrichtung welche zeitgesteuert ausgeführt sein kann, das Substrat nach einer längeren Verweildauer im Vorschacht langsam in den Fermenter eingeschoben werden.Because the feed chute is preferably dimensioned so large that a daily ration can be filled in at once, but does not get into the fermenter immediately, thermal pretreatment is easy to accomplish; longer dwell time in the pre-shaft are slowly pushed into the fermenter.
Einzelheiten der Erfindung werden anhand der beigefügten Zeichnung näher erläutert, welche beispielsweise Ausführungsformen eines erfindungsgemäßen Fermenters veranschaulicht.Details of the invention are explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawing, which for example illustrates embodiments of a fermenter according to the invention.
Fig. 1 zeigt einen Querschnitt einer Ausführungsform einer anaeroben Behandlungsanlage für 21 shows a cross section of an embodiment of an anaerobic treatment system for 2
Claims (5)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT0091800A AT410273B (en) | 2000-05-25 | 2000-05-25 | Apparatus for biodegrading biomass, e.g. grass, has shafts fitted with swiveling plates or rakes for adding or removing material, mat at base absorbing liquid and distributing recycled gas |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT0091800A AT410273B (en) | 2000-05-25 | 2000-05-25 | Apparatus for biodegrading biomass, e.g. grass, has shafts fitted with swiveling plates or rakes for adding or removing material, mat at base absorbing liquid and distributing recycled gas |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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ATA9182000A ATA9182000A (en) | 2002-08-15 |
AT410273B true AT410273B (en) | 2003-03-25 |
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AT0091800A AT410273B (en) | 2000-05-25 | 2000-05-25 | Apparatus for biodegrading biomass, e.g. grass, has shafts fitted with swiveling plates or rakes for adding or removing material, mat at base absorbing liquid and distributing recycled gas |
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102008046879A1 (en) * | 2008-09-11 | 2010-03-25 | Schmack Biogas Ag | Process for biogas upgrading and biogas plant |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3100324A1 (en) * | 1981-01-08 | 1982-08-05 | Clemens 8872 Burgau-Limbach Stahl | Apparatus for converting biomass into energy |
US5616241A (en) * | 1993-04-12 | 1997-04-01 | Khudenko; Boris M. | Treatment of wastewater and sludges |
US5666890A (en) * | 1994-06-22 | 1997-09-16 | Craig; Joe D. | Biomass gasification system and method |
US5750028A (en) * | 1996-09-18 | 1998-05-12 | Envirogen, Inc. | Biomass separation apparatus and method with media return |
RO113458B1 (en) * | 1990-10-31 | 1998-07-30 | Aurel Ungur | Process and installation for exploitation of forest biomass |
AT404084B (en) * | 1996-08-01 | 1998-08-25 | Falle Ignaz | DEVICE FOR PRODUCING BIOGAS |
-
2000
- 2000-05-25 AT AT0091800A patent/AT410273B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3100324A1 (en) * | 1981-01-08 | 1982-08-05 | Clemens 8872 Burgau-Limbach Stahl | Apparatus for converting biomass into energy |
RO113458B1 (en) * | 1990-10-31 | 1998-07-30 | Aurel Ungur | Process and installation for exploitation of forest biomass |
US5616241A (en) * | 1993-04-12 | 1997-04-01 | Khudenko; Boris M. | Treatment of wastewater and sludges |
US5666890A (en) * | 1994-06-22 | 1997-09-16 | Craig; Joe D. | Biomass gasification system and method |
AT404084B (en) * | 1996-08-01 | 1998-08-25 | Falle Ignaz | DEVICE FOR PRODUCING BIOGAS |
US5750028A (en) * | 1996-09-18 | 1998-05-12 | Envirogen, Inc. | Biomass separation apparatus and method with media return |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102008046879A1 (en) * | 2008-09-11 | 2010-03-25 | Schmack Biogas Ag | Process for biogas upgrading and biogas plant |
WO2010028643A3 (en) * | 2008-09-11 | 2010-07-15 | Schmack Biogas Ag | Method for biogas treatment and biogas installation |
EA017934B1 (en) * | 2008-09-11 | 2013-04-30 | Шмак Биогаз Гмбх | Method for biogas treatment and biogas installation |
US8759601B2 (en) | 2008-09-11 | 2014-06-24 | Schmack Biogas Ag | Method for biogas treatment and biogas installation |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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ATA9182000A (en) | 2002-08-15 |
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