AT401903B - DEVICE FOR SPLITTING FILLABLE BLOCKS - Google Patents

Description

AT 401 903 B

The invention relates to a device for splitting fissile blocks, in particular firewood, having a support device for the material to be split which is stationary during operation and a splitting tool which can be moved up and down relative to the support device and which is assigned a drive device which can be operated manually by an operator Two-hand control can be activated, and with a device for clamping the material to be split before performing the splitting process.

A device of this type is known from DE-U 90 10 008. In this known arrangement, the splitting tool is arranged so as to be pivotable about an axis with a limited degree of freedom of swiveling and can actuate a switch that passivates the drive of the splitting tool when it encounters an obstacle (hand, finger, piece of wood). The two-hand control is then operated to further split the wood. It follows from this that in the known arrangement the two-hand control is only used to carry out the actual splitting process. For previous clamping of the block to be split, i.e. to actuate the splitting tool until it strikes the block, another actuation is obviously provided and is also absolutely necessary here if the block placed on the support device must be secured against falling over by hand as long as the splitting tool is not in contact with it. When processing material with an inclined end face, the working process is such that the material to be split is first placed on the support device with the inclined end face and held with one hand. The splitting tool is actuated with the other hand until the switch mentioned above responds and the material to be split is held. Since a certain amount of force is required for this, it must be assumed that limb injuries are possible here in any case if these are not completely disconnected due to the switch mentioned. There is therefore a security risk. Apart from this, it cannot be ignored that in the known arrangement for securing the material to be split against falling over, only one hand is available, which can further increase the security risk.

From the not previously published AT 396 772 B a device for splitting fissile blocks, in particular firewood, is known in which a hydraulic device can be triggered by hand levers on handling levers. However, this arrangement does not disclose the lifting of the material to be split by means of a pedal until it comes into contact with the splitting tool.

Based on the arrangement described at the outset, it is the object of the present invention to improve a device of the type mentioned at the outset with simple and inexpensive means so that the material to be split can be reliably secured against falling over, regardless of the nature of its end face, and nevertheless reliable precautionary measures are taken against Hand injuries are possible, so that a high level of safety combined with a high level of user friendliness is guaranteed.

This object is achieved in that the material to be split can be lifted from the support surface of the bearing device by means of a lifting member provided in the region of the bearing device and can be raised by means of a pedal, and can be brought into contact with the splitting tool.

With the aid of the lifting element which can be actuated by a pedal, a block with an inclined end face placed on the support device can be raised until its upper end face comes into engagement with the splitting tool waiting in its upper end position. The block raised in this way is accordingly clamped between the lifting element and splitting tool and thus reliably secured against falling over. Since the lifting member can be actuated by a pedal, the block can be connected directly to the lifting member via a lever arrangement during the lifting operation, so that the lifting force is applied by the operator himself and no external forces are involved, so that there is no risk of injury even during the lifting operation is. An unintentional actuation of the splitting tool cannot take place as a result of the two-hand switch provided, which further increases safety. After the material to be split is clamped between the lifting member and the splitting tool and thus secured against falling over, the operator can let go of the clamped material and operate the two-hand control with both hands, thereby ensuring that the operator is safely outside with his hands during the working stroke of the splitting tool of the danger zone. In the initial phase of the working stroke of the splitting tool, the lifting member is moved back into the starting position against the pedal force acting on it and the block to be split is lowered onto the support device. The operator can remain on the pedal with one foot, since the pedal force is easily overcome by the feed force acting on the splitting tool, so that reliable securing of the material to be split is ensured even during the lowering process. After actuation of the lifting element, this practically no longer disengages from the splitting tool. The measures according to the invention accordingly enable a high level of safety and user-friendliness even when processing material that does not automatically stand on the support device. 2nd

AT 401 903 B

Advantageous refinements and appropriate further training of the higher-level measures are specified in the subclaims. For example, the two-hand switching device can have two switching handles, which are expediently accommodated on two stationary protective brackets which are arranged at the manual operating height and flank the working area of the splitting tool. These measures facilitate the actuation of the control handles, which can be pressed here without manual counter-support, which has an advantageous effect on the prevention of signs of fatigue and therefore also serves to increase safety. At the same time, the stationary safety bars represent a lateral access barrier, through which the working area of the splitting tool is secured against unauthorized access. In addition, the stationary protective bar can be designed in a simple manner so that the logs produced during the splitting process are secured against falling and can accordingly be removed easily.

A further advantageous measure can consist in the fact that the control handles are connected via cables to the ends of a rocker, which is received with its pivot point on a switching element by means of which the drive device can be switched on and off. These measures ensure a high level of reliability even in robust operating conditions.

The lifting member can advantageously be designed as a lifting pin which can be extended from the supporting device and which is sunk in its lower position relative to the supporting surface of the supporting device. These measures result in a simple and inexpensive design of the lifting device and, even in the case of an unfavorable surface condition of the material to be split, ensure reliable intervention therewith. For this purpose, the lifting pin can expediently be provided with a mandrel at its upper end, which enables a form-fitting reception.

In a further development of the superordinate measures, the support device can have a lower base table with a support supporting a table top, on which a lifting pin is movably guided in the axial direction, an additional table arranged above the base table, which can be pivoted in and out laterally, can be provided for further improvement , which is provided with an extendable over its table top, on a carrier receiving the table top in the axial direction lifting pin, the stroke range is limited by stops and with which the lifting pin of the base table can be brought into engagement from below. These measures make it possible to adapt the table height to the length of the material to be split without impairing the safety precautions according to the invention and without requiring a modification. Both when using the base table and the additional table, a lifting pin arrangement can be actuated with one and the same pedal.

Further advantageous refinements and expedient further training of the superordinate measures result from the remaining subclaims.

A preferred exemplary embodiment of the invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing. Here show:

FIG. 1 shows a side view of a firewood splitter according to the invention with the additional table pivoted away,

FIG. 2 shows the arrangement according to FIG. 1 with the additional table pivoted in,

FIG. 3 shows a partial view of the switching device,

Figure 4 is a plan view of the arrangement of Figure 1 and

5 shows a vertical section through the support device of the arrangement according to FIG. 2 in an enlarged view compared to FIG.

The firewood splitter on which FIG. 1 is based contains a vertical machine stand 1, on which a splitting tool 2 projecting forward, here in the form of a splitting sword, can be moved up and down in the axial direction and at its lower end with a splitting tool 2 that grips under it a foot support device 3 for placing the material to be split 4, here a shape of a meter log section, is provided. The splitting tool 2 is received on a holder 5, which is fastened to a carriage 6 guided in the machine stand 1, which can be designed as a hollow profile section, which can be moved up and down by a lifting cylinder, also indicated in the machine stand 1, indicated at 7, the latter Stroke is adjustable.

A hydraulic pump 8, attached to the machine stand 1 and here attached to a bracket attached to the machine stand 1, is assigned to the lifting cylinder 7 forming the drive member assigned to the splitting tool 2 and can be driven by a mounted motor 9. The bracket which holds the hydraulic pump 8 is provided in the example shown with a chassis 10, so that the entire device can be moved in a simple manner in the manner of a cart. For this purpose, a handle 11 is provided above the motor 9. As can best be seen from the top view, this can also serve as a pivot point for pivoting the entire device to a three-point hydraulic system of a tractor, etc. For this case, another support 12 is provided in the lower area, the two side 3 ΑΤ 401 903 Β

Forms articulation points. The material to be split is placed with the lower end face on the support device 3, which comprises a lower base table 13, which is used when, as indicated in FIG. 1, relatively long material, for example round log sections, is to be split. Above the base table 13 there is an additional table 14 which can be swung in and out laterally and which, as indicated in FIG. 2, is used when comparatively short material, such as here in the form of oven-long log sections 4a, is to be split. In Figure 1, the additional table 14 is pivoted away to the side. In Figure 2, the additional table 14 is pivoted into its working position.

The base table 13 comprises a stationary table top 15 which is received on a support formed by two brackets 16 fastened to the machine stand 1. In order to form the additional table 14, a support 19 is provided, which is pivotable about a vertical axis 17 on the machine stand 1 and receives a table top 18 parallel to the table top 15. This is secured in the swung-in and swung-out positions against unwanted rotation.

To ensure that an operator with the splitting tool 2 working cannot get his hands into the working area of the splitting tool 2, the drive device of the splitting tool 2 is assigned a two-hand circuit so that the splitting tool 2 can only be started with the aid of both hands 20. For this purpose, two control handles 21 are provided on the operating side of the device, which are connected via Bowden cables 22 to a rocker 23 that can best be seen in FIG. This can be arranged in the area of the rear of the machine stand 1. The rocker 23 is supported at its pivot point on a vertical switching rod 24, by means of which a switching valve 25 arranged downstream of the hydraulic pump 8 can be actuated. The Bowden cables 22 which can be actuated by the handles 21 engage at the ends of the rocker 23. If only one Bowden cable 22 is actuated, the rocker 23 goes into the tilted position indicated by broken lines in FIG. Only when both Bowden cables 22 are actuated are the rocker 23 and, with it, the shift rod 24 attached to them raised into the switch position on which FIG. 3 is based, in which the valve 25 is actuated so that the splitting tool 2 is moved in the feed direction by means of the cylinder 7 .

As can be seen from FIGS. 1, 2 and 4, the handles 21 are pivotably mounted at the front ends of protective brackets 26 comprising the working area of the splitting tool 2. The stationary protective bracket 26 prevent lateral access to the working area of the splitting tool 2 and at the same time prevent the split logs from falling off the base table 13 or additional table 14. It is therefore possible to conveniently remove the split logs. The handles 21 which are pivotably mounted on the stationary protective bars 26 can, as indicated in FIGS. 1 and 2, be grasped and depressed with the whole hand, which allows fatigue-free working even over a longer period of time.

The material 4 or 4a to be split is naturally always somewhat shorter than the distance between the table top 15 or 18 and the splitting tool 2 in order to be able to use the splitting material conveniently. If the material 4, 4a set up on the base table 13 or additional table 14 does not automatically stop due to a lower end face, which runs obliquely to the axis, but rather tends to fall over, this material must be secured against falling over in order to ensure a reliable splitting process. For this purpose, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, in the area of the support device formed by the base table 13 or additional table 14, a lifting element can be raised relative to the support surface of the base table 13 or additional table 14, by means of which the attached gap material 4 or 4a is extended as far as possible can be raised that it comes with its upper end face to engage with the splitting tool 2 standing in its upper end position, whereby a clamping takes place.

The lifting element is designed here as a lifting pin 27 or 28 which can be extended from the table top 15 or 18 and which is provided at its upper end with a mandrel 29, which enables reliable, non-slip engagement with the gap material 4, 4a. In the lower position of the lifting pin 27 or 28, the mandrel 29 does not protrude beyond the supporting surface of the associated table top 15 or 18, but is rather recessed, as indicated in FIG. 5 by solid lines.

To actuate the lifting pin arrangement, a pedal 30 is provided, which the operator can depress using a foot, as indicated at 31 in FIGS. 1 and 2. The pedal 30 arranged at the foot actuation level is connected to the lifting pin 27 of the base table 13 via a non-self-locking or blocking lever arrangement 32. The lifting pin 27 of the base table 13 is, as FIG. 5 further shows, guided in mutually aligned bores of the table top 15 and a parallel transverse wall of the base table 13 and via a cross pin 33 passing through it, the ends of which extend through assigned slots 34 of the brackets 16 and is articulated to the lever arrangement 32, can be raised. The length of the slots 34 automatically results in fixed stops for the upper and lower positions of the relevant lifting pin 27. 4

Claims (8)

AT 401 903 B The lifting pin 28 of the additional table 14 is arranged in such a way that when the additional table 14 is pivoted in, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 5, it is aligned with the lifting pin 27 of the basic table 13 and can be raised by the lifting pin 27 of the basic table 13. For this purpose, the lower cover plate of the carrier 19 of the additional table 14 is provided with an insertion recess 35 for the lifting pin 27 of the base table 13. The lifting pin 28 of the additional table 14 is provided on its lower end face with a blind hole 36 for the dome 29 of the lower lifting pin 27. To avoid collisions when pivoting the additional table 14 in and out, the associated lifting pin 28 must not protrude downward in its lower position. The upper ends of the lifting pin 28, like the upper end of the lifting table 27 on the base table side, are sunk in the lower position relative to the assigned table top 18. The movability of the upper lifting pin 28 is limited by stops 37, here in the form of collars, which in the lower or upper lifting pin position interact with a partition 38 parallel to the table top of the support 19, as indicated in FIG. 5 by solid or dash-dotted lines. Since the operator can operate the lift pin assembly with one foot via the pedal 30, he has both hands free for inserting and securing the material to be split. However, the operator must inevitably release the actuating lever 21 of the switching device so that the splitting tool 2 cannot be set in motion. As soon as the material to be split 4, 4a is lifted and clamped by means of the lifting pin arrangement 27, 28 so that it can no longer fall over, the operator can use both hands to actuate both actuating levers 21, ensuring that both hands are inevitably outside of the Danger zone. In the initial phase of the downward movement of the splitting tool 2, the clamped splitting material 4, 4a is first depressed against the pedal force down to the respectively assigned table top 15 or 18. As soon as the fissile material emerges there, the splitting tool penetrates it and carries out the splitting process. As soon as the material used is split into billets, the operator can release the actuating lever 21. The splitting tool 2 automatically returns to the upper end position as a result of a so-called dead man's switch. The same applies in the event that the splitting tool 2 reaches its lower, slightly above the table top 13 or 18 end position. The protective bracket 26 flanking the working area of the splitting tool 2 laterally prevents the split logs from falling off the side of the respectively assigned table. Rather, these come to rest on the protective brackets 26 and can accordingly be removed conveniently. 1. Apparatus for splitting fissile blocks, in particular firewood, with a stationary support device (3) for the material to be split (4,4a) and a splitting tool (2) that can be moved up and down relative to the support device (3), the a drive device (lifting cylinder 7) is assigned, which can be activated by means of a two-hand control (21-24) which can be operated manually by the operator, and with a device for clamping the material to be split (4,4a) before the splitting process is carried out, characterized in that that the material to be split (4, 4a) can be lifted off the supporting surface of the support device (3) by means of a lifting member (27 or 28) provided in the region of the support device (3) and can be raised by means of a pedal (30) and in contact can be brought to the splitting tool (2). 2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the lifting member is designed as a lifting pin (27 or 28) which can be extended from the supporting device (3) and which is sunk in its lower position relative to the respectively assigned supporting surface of the supporting device (3). 3. Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the lifting pin (27 or 28) is provided at its upper end with a mandrel (29). 4. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the support device (3) has a lower base table (13) with a table top (15) supporting support on which the lifting pin (27) is guided movably in the axial direction. 5. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that the support device (3) has an above the base table (Ϊ3) arranged, laterally in and out pivotable additional table (14) with an extendable via its table top (18) on one of these mountable carrier (19) in the axial direction is provided with a further lifting pin (28), the lifting range of which is limited by stops (37) and with which the lifting pin (27) of the base table (13) can be brought from below to the 5 AT 401 903 B. . 6. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that the additional table (14), which has a lower insertion recess (35) for the extendable from the base table (13) lifting pin (27), in the 5 lower position of its an extension of the base table-side lifting pin (27) forming lifting pin (28) is neither over nor under it. 7. The device according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the lifting pin (28) of the additional table (14) has at its lower end a bore (36) into which the mandrel (29) of the lifting pin (27) 70 of the base table ( 13) is retractable. 8. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pedal (30) is connected via a lever arrangement (32) to the lifting pin (27, 28), which is preferably guided by a pin-slot connection (33, 34). 75 Including 3 sheets of drawings 20 25 30 35 40 45 SO 6 55