NZ629877B - SOLID FORMS OF 1-ETHYL-7-(2-METHYL-6-(1H-1,2,4-TRIAZOL-3-YL)PYRIDIN-3-YL)-3,4-DIHYDROPYRAZINO[2,3-b]PYRAZIN-2(1H)-ONE, COMPOSITIONS THEREOF AND METHODS OF THEIR USE - Google Patents
SOLID FORMS OF 1-ETHYL-7-(2-METHYL-6-(1H-1,2,4-TRIAZOL-3-YL)PYRIDIN-3-YL)-3,4-DIHYDROPYRAZINO[2,3-b]PYRAZIN-2(1H)-ONE, COMPOSITIONS THEREOF AND METHODS OF THEIR USEInfo
- Publication number
- NZ629877B NZ629877B NZ629877A NZ62987714A NZ629877B NZ 629877 B NZ629877 B NZ 629877B NZ 629877 A NZ629877 A NZ 629877A NZ 62987714 A NZ62987714 A NZ 62987714A NZ 629877 B NZ629877 B NZ 629877B
- Authority
- NZ
- New Zealand
- Prior art keywords
- compound
- crystal form
- approximately
- solid
- solvent
- Prior art date
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- 238000009501 film coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001502 gel electrophoresis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007903 gelatin capsule Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004442 gravimetric analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004030 hiv protease inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005556 hormone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003840 hydrochlorides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012216 imaging agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002865 immune cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000010166 immunofluorescence Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000338 in vitro Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004054 inflammatory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000007529 inorganic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- FGKJLKRYENPLQH-UHFFFAOYSA-M isocaproate Chemical compound CC(C)CCC([O-])=O FGKJLKRYENPLQH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- NHTMVDHEPJAVLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooctane Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)(C)C NHTMVDHEPJAVLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 201000000810 laryngeal neuroendocrine tumor Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000002356 laser light scattering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004895 liquid chromatography mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001050 lubricating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000005202 lung cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000000527 lymphocytic Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003760 magnetic stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011565 manganese chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000002867 manganese chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 201000007924 marginal zone B-cell lymphoma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 201000001441 melanoma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-M methanesulfonate Chemical class CS([O-])(=O)=O AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanesulfonic acid Chemical compound CS(O)(=O)=O AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000011987 methylation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007069 methylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004170 methylsulfonyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 1
- 238000000386 microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012452 mother liquor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 201000000050 myeloid neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- AMQJEAYHLZJPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentanol Chemical compound CCCCCO AMQJEAYHLZJPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001338 necrotic Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000027405 negative regulation of phosphorylation Effects 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-OUBTZVSYSA-N nitrogen-15 Chemical compound [15N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-OUBTZVSYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010606 normalization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000007530 organic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007911 parenteral administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002688 persistence Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000825 pharmaceutical preparation Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006366 phosphorylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000865 phosphorylative Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000010486 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920003288 polysulfone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960004919 procaine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 102000003998 progesterone receptors Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000468 progesterone receptors Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000035755 proliferation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000069 prophylaxis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000159 protein binding assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000425 proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003217 pyrazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 102000005962 receptors Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108020003175 receptors Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000306 recurrent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000010174 renal carcinoma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000001850 reproductive Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000979 retarding Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960000311 ritonavir Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000004626 scanning electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000011664 signaling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004467 single crystal X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960002930 sirolimus Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000007909 solid dosage form Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002336 sorption--desorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000004611 spectroscopical analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000011549 stomach cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000010414 supernatant solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001356 surgical procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960001367 tartaric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003419 tautomerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001225 therapeutic Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001107 thermogravimetry coupled to mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002992 thymic Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002877 time resolved fluorescence resonance energy transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000010384 tocopherol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003325 tomography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000699 topical Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019731 tricalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- GETTZEONDQJALK-UHFFFAOYSA-N trifluorotoluene Substances FC(F)(F)C1=CC=CC=C1 GETTZEONDQJALK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001889 triflyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 1
- 229910052722 tritium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004565 tumor cell growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005429 turbidity Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004584 weight gain Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019786 weight gain Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003963 x-ray microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
- A61P25/28—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating neurodegenerative disorders of the central nervous system, e.g. nootropic agents, cognition enhancers, drugs for treating Alzheimer's disease or other forms of dementia
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P29/00—Non-central analgesic, antipyretic or antiinflammatory agents, e.g. antirheumatic agents; Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs [NSAID]
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
- A61P3/04—Anorexiants; Antiobesity agents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
- A61P3/08—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis
- A61P3/10—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis for hyperglycaemia, e.g. antidiabetics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P37/00—Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
- A61P37/02—Immunomodulators
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D487/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00
- C07D487/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
- C07D487/04—Ortho-condensed systems
Abstract
Disclosed are crystal and amorphous forms of 1-Ethyl-7-(2-Methyl-6-(1H-1,2,4-Triazol-3-yl)Pyridin-3-yl)-3,4-Dihydropyrazino[2,3-B]Pyrazin-2(1H)-One. The solid forms of the Compound are useful for treating or preventing cancer and conditions treatable or preventable by inhibition of a kinase pathway, for example, the mTOR/PI3K/Akt pathway. for example, the mTOR/PI3K/Akt pathway.
Description
Patents Form No. 5
N.Z. No. 629877
NEW ZEALAND
Patents Act 1953
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION
SOLID FORMS OF 1-ETHYL(2-METHYL(1H-1,2,4-TRIAZOLYL)PYRIDIN
YL)-3,4-DIHYDROPYRAZINO[2,3-b]PYRAZIN-2(1H)-ONE, COMPOSITIONS
THEREOF AND METHODS OF THEIR USE
We, Signal Pharmaceuticals, LLC, a United States company of 10300 Campus Point Drive,
Suite 100, San Diego, CA 92121, UNITED STATES OF A
do hereby e the invention, for which we pray that a patent may be granted to us, and the
method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the following
statement:-
SOLID FORMS OF L(2-METHYL(1H-1,2,4-TRIAZOLYL)PYRIDINYL)-
3,4-DIHYDROPYRAZINO[2,3-b]PYRAZIN-2(1H)-ONE, COMPOSITIONS THEREOF AND
METHODS OF THEIR USE
1. FIELD
Provided herein are solid forms of 1-ethyl(2-methyl(1H-1,2,4-triazol
yl)pyridinyl)-3,4-dihydropyrazino[2,3-b]pyrazin-2(1H)-one, itions thereof, and
methods of their use for the treatment of a disease, disorder, or condition.
2. BACKGROUND
The identification and selection of a solid form of a pharmaceutical compound is
complex, given that a change in solid form may affect a variety of physical and chemical
properties, which may provide benefits or drawbacks in processing, formulation, stability and
bioavailability, among other important pharmaceutical characteristics. Potential pharmaceutical
solids include crystalline solids and amorphous solids. ous solids are characterized by a
lack of long-range structural order, s crystalline solids are characterized by ural
periodicity. The desired class of ceutical solid depends upon the specific application;
amorphous solids are sometimes selected on the basis of, e.g., an enhanced dissolution profile,
while crystalline solids may be desirable for properties such as, e.g., physical or chemical
stability (see, e.g., S. R. Vippagunta et al., Adv. Drug. Deliv. Rev., (2001) 48:3-26; L. Yu, Adv.
Drug. Deliv. Rev., (2001) 42).
Whether crystalline or amorphous, potential solid forms of a pharmaceutical
compound include single-component and multiple-component solids. Single-component solids
consist essentially of the pharmaceutical compound in the absence of other compounds. Variety
among single-component crystalline materials may potentially arise from the enon of
polymorphism, wherein multiple three-dimensional ements exist for a particular
pharmaceutical compound (see, e.g., S. R. Byrn et al., Solid State Chemistry of Drugs, (1999)
SSCI, West Lafayette). The importance of discovering polymorphs was underscored by the case
of Ritonavir, an HIV protease inhibitor that was formulated as soft gelatin capsules. About two
years after the product was launched, the unanticipated precipitation of a new, less soluble
polymorph in the formulation necessitated the withdrawal of the product from the market until a
more consistent ation could be ped (see S. R. Chemburkar et al., Org. Process Res.
Dev., (2000) 4:413-417).
Additional ity among the potential solid forms of a pharmaceutical
compound may arise from the possibility of multiple-component solids. Crystalline solids
comprising two or more ionic species are termed salts (see, e.g., Handbook of Pharmaceutical
Salts: Properties, Selection and Use, P. H. Stahl and C. G. Wermuth, Eds., (2002), Wiley,
Weinheim). Additional types of multiple-component solids that may potentially offer other
property improvements for a pharmaceutical nd or salt thereof include, e.g., hydrates,
solvates, co-crystals and clathrates, among others (see, e.g., S. R. Byrn et al., Solid State
Chemistry of Drugs, (1999) SSCI, West Lafayette). Moreover, multiple-component crystal
forms may potentially be susceptible to polymorphism, n a given multiple-component
composition may exist in more than one three-dimensional crystalline arrangement. The
discovery of solid forms is of great importance in the development of a safe, ive, stable and
marketable pharmaceutical compound.
Notably, it is not possible to predict a priori if crystalline forms of a compound
even exist, let alone how to sfully prepare them (see, e.g., Braga and Grepioni, 2005,
“Making crystals from ls: a green route to crystal engineering and polymorphism,” Chem.
Commun.:3635-3645 (with respect to crystal engineering, if instructions are not very precise
and/or if other external factors affect the s, the result can be unpredictable); Jones et al.,
2006, ceutical Cocrystals: An Emerging Approach to Physical ty Enhancement,”
MRS Bulletin 31:875-879 (At present it is not generally possible to ationally predict the
number of observable polymorphs of even the simplest molecules); Price, 2004, “The
computational prediction of pharmaceutical crystal structures and polymorphism,” Advanced
Drug Delivery Reviews -319 (“Price”); and ein, 2004, “Crystal Structure Prediction
and Polymorphism,” ACA Transactions 39:14-23 (a great deal still needs to be learned and done
before one can state with any degree of confidence the ability to predict a crystal structure, much
less polymorphic forms)).
The compound chemically named 1-ethyl(2-methyl(1H-1,2,4-triazol
yl)pyridinyl)-3,4-dihydropyrazino[2,3-b]pyrazin-2(1H)-one and tautomers thereof
(collectively referred to herein as “Compound 1”) was disclosed in U.S. Pat. App. No.
,791, filed October 26, 2009, and International Pub. No. , the
entireties of each ofwhich are incorporated by reference herein. We have discovered
le solid forms of 1-ethyl(2-methyl(lH-1,2,4-triazolyl)pyridinyl)-
3,4—dihydropyrazino[2,3—b]pyrazin—2(lH)—one.
on or identification of any reference in Section 2 of this
application is not to be construed as an admission that the reference is prior art to the
t application.
3. SUMMARY
Provided herein are solid forms ofCompound 1:
</ P
N /
H | K
N\ N\ N O
N N
having the name 1-ethyl—7-(2-methyl(1H-1,2,4—t1iazolyl)pyridin-
3-yl)-3,4-dihydropyrazino[2,3-b]pyrazin-2(lH)-one and tautomers thereof.
[0008a] In particular the present application provides crystal forms of
Compound 1 having an x-ray powder pattem comprising peaks at:
(i) 6.18, 21.74 and 26.7 i0.2 °20;
(ii) 3.5, 9.26 and 18.62 i0.2 °20;
(iii) 10.66, 21.94 and 26.26 i0.2 °20; or
(iv) 9.26, 11.7 and 26.18 $0.2 °20.
Also provided herein are formulations of solid forms ofCompound 1
and tautomers thereof.
In certain embodiments, solid forms ofCompound 1 and tautomers are
useful for treating or preventing cancer and conditions treatable or preventable by
inhibition of a kinase pathway, for example, the mTOR/PI3K/Akt pathway.
Followed by 4A
[0010a] Particularly provided is the use of the solid forms of Compound 1, in
the manufacture of a medicament for treating or preventing cancer, an matory
condition, an immunological condition, a neurodegenerative disease, diabete, obesity,
a neurological disorder, an lated disease, a cardiovascular condition, or a
conditions treatable or preventable by inhibition of a kinase pathway, a subject in
need thereof, for achieving a Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors T
1.1) of complete response, partial response or stable disease in a subject having a solid
tumor and/or for ing International op ia (IWC) for NHL,
International Uniform Response Criteria for Multiple Myeloma (IURC), Eastern
Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status (ECOG) or Response Assessment
for Neuro-Oncology (RANO) Working Group for GBM.
The present embodiments can be understood more fully by reference to
the detailed ption and examples, which are intended to exemplify non-limiting
embodiments.
4. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE GS
depicts an X-ray powder diffractogram stack plot of Forms 1, 2,
3, 4 and 5 of Compound 1.
depicts an X-ray powder diffractogram plot of Form 1 of
Compound 1.
depicts a digital image of Form 1 of Compound 1.
Followed by 5
depicts a thermogravimetrical analysis and single differential thermal
analysis of Form 1 of Compound 1.
depicts a thermogravimetric is coupled with mass spectroscopy of
Form 1 of Compound 1.
depicts high performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass
spectrometry of Form 1 of Compound 1.
s an X-ray powder diffractogram stack plot of Form 1, Form 2, and
Form 2 after exposure to accelerated aging conditions (AAC) of Compound 1.
depicts a digital image of Form 2 of Compound 1.
depicts a digital image of Form 2 of Compound 1 after exposure to
accelerated aging conditions.
depicts a thermogravimetrical analysis and single differential thermal
analysis of Form 2 of Compound 1.
depicts a thermogravimetric is coupled with mass spectroscopy of
Form 2 of Compound 1.
depicts high performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass
ometry of Form 2 of nd 1.
depicts an X-ray powder ctogram stack plot of Form 1, Form 3, and
Form 3 after exposure to accelerated aging ions (AAC) of Compound 1.
A depicts a digital image of Form 3 of Compound 1.
B depicts a digital image of Form 3 of nd 1 after exposure to
accelerated aging conditions.
depicts a thermogravimetrical analysis and single differential thermal
analysis of Form 3 of Compound 1.
depicts a thermogravimetric analysis coupled with mass spectroscopy of
Form 3 of Compound 1.
depicts high performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass
ometry of Form 3 of Compound 1.
depicts an X-ray powder diffractogram stack plot of Form 1, Form 4 as
wet solid, Form 4 as dry solid, amorphous form of Compound 1 and the mixture of Forms 1 and
4 as dry solid after exposure to accelerated aging conditions (AAC) of Compound 1.
A depicts a digital image of Form 4 of Compound 1 as wet solid.
B depicts a digital image of Form 4 of Compound 1 as dry solid.
depicts a gravimetrical is and single differential thermal
analysis of Form 4 of Compound 1.
depicts a thermogravimetric analysis coupled with mass spectroscopy of
Form 4 of Compound 1.
depicts high mance liquid chromatography d with mass
spectrometry of Form 4 of Compound 1.
depicts an X-ray powder diffractogram stack plot of Form 1, Form 5, and
Form 5 after exposure to accelerated aging conditions (AAC) of Compound 1.
A depicts a digital image of Form 5 of Compound 1.
B depicts a digital image of Form 5 of Compound 1 after exposure to
rated aging ions.
depicts a thermogravimetrical analysis and single differential thermal
analysis of Form 5 of Compound 1.
depicts a thermogravimetric analysis coupled with mass spectroscopy of
Form 5 of Compound 1.
depicts high performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass
spectrometry of Form 5 of Compound 1.
depicts a differential scanning calorimetry thermogram of amorphous
Compound 1.
depicts an X-ray powder diffractogram of amorphous Compound 1.
depicts a Raman um of amorphous Compound 1.
depicts a proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum of amorphous
Compound 1.
depicts high performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass
spectrometry of amorphous Compound 1.
depicts a differential scanning calorimetry thermogram of amorphous
nd 1 for determination of its glass transition temperature.
. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
.1 DEFINITIONS
As used herein, the term “pharmaceutically acceptable salt(s)” refers to a salt
prepared from a pharmaceutically acceptable non-toxic acid or base including an inorganic acid
and base and an organic acid and base. le ceutically acceptable base addition salts
include, but are not limited to metallic salts made from aluminum, calcium, lithium, magnesium,
potassium, sodium and zinc or organic salts made from lysine, ibenzylethylenediamine,
chloroprocaine, choline, diethanolamine, ethylenediamine, meglumine (N-methylglucamine) and
procaine. Suitable non-toxic acids include, but are not limited to, inorganic and c acids
such as acetic, alginic, anthranilic, benzenesulfonic, benzoic, camphorsulfonic, citric,
ethenesulfonic, formic, fumaric, furoic, galacturonic, gluconic, glucuronic, glutamic, ic,
hydrobromic, hydrochloric, isethionic, , maleic, malic, mandelic, methanesulfonic, mucic,
nitric, pamoic, pantothenic, acetic, phosphoric, propionic, salicylic, stearic, succinic,
sulfanilic, sulfuric, tartaric acid, and p-toluenesulfonic acid. Specific non-toxic acids include
hydrochloric, hydrobromic, phosphoric, sulfuric, and esulfonic acids. es of
specific salts thus include hydrochloride and mesylate salts. Others are well-known in the art,
see for example, Remington’s Pharmaceutical Sciences, 18th eds., Mack Publishing, Easton PA
(1990) or Remington: The e and Practice of cy, 19th eds., Mack Publishing, Easton
PA .
Pharmaceutically acceptable salts of Compound 1 can be formed by conventional
and known techniques, such as by ng Compound 1 with a suitable acid as disclosed above.
Such salts are typically formed in high yields at moderate temperatures, and often are prepared
by merely isolating the compound from a suitable acidic wash in the final step of the synthesis.
The salt-forming acid may dissolved in an appropriate c solvent, or aqueous organic
t, such as an alkanol, ketone or ester. On the other hand, if Compound 1 is desired in the
free base form, it may be isolated from a basic final wash step, according to known techniques.
For example, a typical technique for preparing hydrochloride salt is to dissolve the free base of
Compound 1 in a suitable solvent, and dry the solution thoroughly, as over molecular sieves,
before bubbling hydrogen chloride gas through it.
As used herein and unless otherwise indicated, the term “stereoisomer” or
“stereomerically pure” means one stereoisomer of a compound that is substantially free of other
stereoisomers of that compound. For example, a stereomerically pure compound having one
chiral center will be substantially free of the opposite enantiomer of the compound. A
merically pure compound having two chiral centers will be substantially free of other
diastereomers of the nd. A typical stereomerically pure compound comprises greater
than about 80% by weight of one stereoisomer of the compound and less than about 20% by
weight of other stereoisomers of the nd, greater than about 90% by weight of one
stereoisomer of the compound and less than about 10% by weight of the other stereoisomers of
the compound, greater than about 95% by weight of one stereoisomer of the compound and less
than about 5% by weight of the other isomers of the compound, or greater than about 97%
by weight of one stereoisomer of the nd and less than about 3% by weight of the other
stereoisomers of the nd. nds can have chiral centers and can occur as racemates,
individual enantiomers or diastereomers, and mixtures thereof. All such isomeric forms are
included within the embodiments sed , including mixtures thereof. The use of
stereomerically pure forms of such compounds, as well as the use of mixtures of those forms are
encompassed by the embodiments disclosed herein. For example, mixtures comprising equal or
unequal amounts of the enantiomers of a particular compound may be used in methods and
compositions disclosed herein. These isomers may be asymmetrically synthesized or resolved
using standard ques such as chiral columns or chiral resolving agents. See, e.g., Jacques,
J., et al., Enantiomers, Racemates and tions (Wiley-Interscience, New York, 1981);
Wilen, S. H., et al., Tetrahedron 33:2725 (1977); Eliel, E. L., Stereochemistry of Carbon
Compounds (McGraw-Hill, NY, 1962); and Wilen, S. H., Tables of Resolving Agents and
Optical Resolutions p. 268 (E.L. Eliel, Ed., Univ. of Notre Dame Press, Notre Dame, IN, 1972).
It should also be noted the compounds can include E and Z isomers, or a mixture
thereof, and cis and trans isomers or a mixture thereof. In certain embodiments, compounds are
isolated as either the cis or trans isomer. In other embodiments, compounds are a mixture of the
cis and trans isomers.
“Tautomers” refers to isomeric forms of a compound that are in equilibrium with
each other. The concentrations of the isomeric forms will depend on the environment the
compound is found in and may be different depending upon, for example, whether the compound
is a solid or is in an organic or s solution. For example, in aqueous solution, pyrazoles
may exhibit the following isomeric forms, which are referred to as tautomers of each other:
N N
HN N
As readily understood by one skilled in the art, a wide variety of functional
groups and other structures may exhibit tautomerism and all tautomers of Compound 1 are
within the scope of the present invention.
It should also be noted that nd 1 can contain unnatural proportions of
atomic isotopes at one or more of the atoms. For example, Compound 1 may be radiolabeled
with radioactive es, such as for e tritium (3H), or carbon-14 (14C), or may be
isotopically enriched, such as with deuterium (2H), carbon-13 (13C), or nitrogen-15 (15N). As
used herein, an “isotopologue” is an isotopically enriched compound. The term “isotopically
enriched” refers to an atom having an isotopic composition other than the l isotopic
composition of that atom. “Isotopically ed” may also refer to a compound ning at
least one atom having an ic composition other than the natural isotopic composition of that
atom. The term “isotopic composition” refers to the amount of each isotope present for a given
atom. Radiolabeled and isotopically encriched compounds are useful as therapeutic agents, e.g.,
cancer and inflammation therapeutic agents, research reagents, e.g., binding assay reagents, and
diagnostic agents, e.g., in vivo imaging agents. All isotopic variations of nd 1, whether
radioactive or not, are intended to be encompassed within the scope of the embodiments
provided herein. In some embodiments, there are provided isotopologues of Compound 1, for
example, the isotopologues are deuterium, -13, or nitrogen-15 enriched Compound 1.
The term “solid form” refers to a physical form which is not predominantly in a
liquid or a gaseous state. As used herein and unless otherwise specified, the term “solid form,”
when used herein to refer to Compound 1, refers to a al form sing Compound 1
which is not predominantly in a liquid or a gaseous state. A solid form may be a crystalline
form, an amorphous form, or a mixture thereof. In certain embodiments, a solid form may be a
liquid crystal. In certain embodiments, the term “solid forms comprising nd 1” includes
crystal forms sing Compound 1, amorphous forms comprising Compound 1, and mixtures
thereof. In certain embodiments, the solid form of Compound 1 is Form 1, Form 2, Form 3,
Form 4, Form 5, amorphous or a mixture thereof.
As used herein and unless otherwise specified, the term “crystalline” when used
to describe a compound, substance, cation, material, component or product, unless
otherwise specified, means that the compound, nce, modification, material, component or
product is substantially crystalline as ined by X-ray diffraction. See, e.g., Remington: The
Science and Practice of Pharmacy, 21st edition, Lippincott, Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore,
MD (2005); The United States Pharmacopeia, 23rd ed., 1843-1844 (1995).
The term “crystal form” or “crystalline form” refers to a solid form that is
crystalline. In certain embodiments, crystal forms e salts. In certain embodiments, a
crystal form of a substance may be substantially free of amorphous forms and/or other crystal
forms. In certain embodiments, a crystal form of a substance may contain less than about 1%,
less than about 2%, less than about 3%, less than about 4%, less than about 5%, less than about
6%, less than about 7%, less than about 8%, less than about 9%, less than about 10%, less than
about 15%, less than about 20%, less than about 25%, less than about 30%, less than about 35%,
less than about 40%, less than about 45%, or less than about 50% by weight of one or more
amorphous forms and/or other crystal forms. In certain embodiments, a crystal form of a
nce may be physically and/or ally pure. In certain embodiments, a l form of a
nce may be about 99%, about 98%, about 97%, about 96%, about 95%, about 94%, about
93%, about 92%, about 91%, or about 90% physically and/or chemically pure.
The term “amorphous” or “amorphous form” means that the substance,
ent, or product in question is not substantially crystalline as determined by X-ray
diffraction. In particular, the term “amorphous form” describes a disordered solid form, i.e., a
solid form lacking long range lline order. In certain embodiments, an amorphous form of a
substance may be substantially free of other amorphous forms and/or crystal forms. In certain
embodiments, an amorphous form of a substance may contain less than about 1%, less than
about 2%, less than about 3%, less than about 4%, less than about 5%, less than about 10%, less
than about 15%, less than about 20%, less than about 25%, less than about 30%, less than about
%, less than about 40%, less than about 45%, or less than about 50% by weight of one or more
other amorphous forms and/or crystal forms on a weight basis. In certain embodiments, an
amorphous form of a substance may be physically and/or chemically pure. In certain
embodiments, an ous form of a nce be about 99%, about 98%, about 97%, about
96%, about 95%, about 94%, about 93%, about 92%, about 91%, or about 90% physically and/or
chemically pure.
“Treating” as used herein, means an alleviation, in whole or in part, of the disease
or disorder, or symptoms associated with the disease or disorder, or slowing, or halting of further
progression or worsening of the disease or disorder, or symptoms ated with the disease or
disorder.
“Preventing” as used herein, means tion of the onset, ence, or spread
of the disease or er, or ms associated with the disorder or disease, in a patient at
risk for developing the disease or disorder.
The term “effective ” in connection with a solid form of Compound 1
means, in one ment, an amount capable of alleviating, in whole or in part, symptoms
associated with a disorder or disease, or slowing or halting further ssion or worsening of
those symptoms, or, in another embodiment, an amount e of preventing or providing
prophylaxis for the disease or disorder in a subject at risk for developing the disease or disorder
as disclosed herein, such as cancer. In one embodiment an effective amount of Compound 1 is
an amount that inhibits a kinase in a cell, such as, for e, in vitro or in vivo. In one
embodiment the kinase is mTOR, DNA-PK, PI3K or a combination thereof. In some
embodiments, the effective amount of Compound 1 inhibits the kinase in a cell by 10%, 20%,
%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90% or 99%, compared to the activity of the kinase in an
untreated cell. The effective amount of Compound 1, for example in a pharmaceutical
composition, may be at a level that will exercise the desired effect; for example, about
0.005 mg/kg of a subject’s body weight to about 100 mg/kg of a patient’s body weight in unit
dosage for both oral and parenteral administration. As will be apparent to those skilled in the art,
it is to be expected that the effective amount of Compound 1 disclosed herein may vary
depending on the tion being treated, e.g., the effective amount of Compound 1 would
likely be different for treating patients suffering from, or at risk for, inflammatory conditions
relative to the effective amount of Compound 1 for treating patients suffering from, or at risk of,
a different disorder, e.g., cancer or a metabolic disorder.
The term “patient” includes an animal, including, but not d to, an animal
such as a cow, , horse, sheep, pig, chicken, turkey, quail, cat, dog, mouse, rat, rabbit or
guinea pig, in one embodiment a mammal, in another embodiment a human.
The term “cancer” refers to any of various malignant neoplasms characterized by
the proliferation of cells that can invade surrounding tissue and metastasize to new body sites.
Both benign and malignant tumors are classified according to the type of tissue in which they are
found. For example, fibromas are neoplasms of s connective tissue, and melanomas are
abnormal growths of pigment (melanin) cells. Malignant tumors originating from lial
tissue, e.g., in skin, bronchi, and stomach, are termed carcinomas. Malignancies of lial
lar tissue such as are found in the breast, te, and colon, are known as
adenocarcinomas. Malignant growths of connective tissue, e.g., muscle, cartilage, lymph ,
and bone, are called sarcomas. Lymphomas and leukemias are malignancies arising among
white blood cells. Through the process of metastasis, tumor cell migration to other areas of the
body establishes neoplasms in areas away from the site of initial appearance. Bone tissues are
one of the most favored sites of metastases of malignant , occurring in about 30% of all
cancer cases. Among malignant tumors, cancers of the lung, breast, prostate or the like are
ularly known to be likely to metastasize to bone.
In the context of neoplasm, cancer, tumor growth or tumor cell growth, tion
may be assessed by delayed appearance of primary or secondary tumors, slowed development of
primary or secondary tumors, decreased occurrence of primary or secondary tumors, slowed or
decreased severity of ary effects of disease, arrested tumor growth and regression of
tumors, among others. In the extreme, complete inhibition, is referred to herein as tion or
chemoprevention. In this context, the term “prevention” includes either preventing the onset of
clinically evident sia altogether or preventing the onset of a preclinically evident stage of
neoplasia in individuals at risk. Also ed to be encompassed by this definition is the
prevention of transformation into malignant cells or to arrest or reverse the progression of
premalignant cells to malignant cells. This includes prophylactic treatment of those at risk of
developing the neoplasia.
In certain embodiments, the treatment of lymphoma may be assessed by the
International Workshop Criteria (IWC) for non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) (see Cheson BD,
Pfistner B, Juweid, ME, et. al. Revised Response Criteria for Malignant Lymphoma. J. Clin.
Oncol: 2007: (25) 579-586), using the response and endpoint definitions shown below:
Response Definition Nodal Masses Spleen, liver Bone Marrow
CR Disappearance (a) id or PET Not Infiltrate cleared
of all ce positive prior to therapy; palpable, on repeat biopsy; if
of disease mass of any size permitted s indeterminate by
if PET negative disappeared morphology,
(b) Variably FDG-avid or immunohisto-
PET negative; regression chemistry
to normal size on CT should be negative
PR Regression of ≥50% decrease in SPD of ≥50% Irrelevant if
measurable up to 6 largest dominant decrease in positive prior to
disease and no masses; no increase in size SPD of therapy; cell type
new sites of other nodes nodules (for should be specified
(a) id or PET single
positive prior to therapy; nodule in
one or more PET positive greatest
at previously involved site transverse
(b) Variably FDG-avid or diameter);
PET negative; regression no increase
on CT in size of
liver or
spleen
SD Failure to (a) id or PET
attain CR/PR ve prior to therapy;
or PD PET positive at prior sites
of disease and no new
sites on CT or PET
(b) Variably FDG-avid or
PET ve; no change
in size of previous lesions
on CT
Response Definition Nodal Masses Spleen, liver Bone Marrow
PD or Any new Appearance of a new ≥50% New or recurrent
relapsed lesion or lesion(s) ≥1.5 cm in any increase involvement
disease increase by ≥ axis, ≥50% increase in from nadir in
50% of SPD of more than one the SPD of
previously node, any previous
involved sites or ≥50% increase in lesions
from nadir longest diameter of a
previously identifed node
≥1 cm in short axis
Lesions PET positive if
FDG-avid lymphoma or
PET positive prior to
therapy
Abbreviations: CR, complete remission; FDG, luorodeoxyglucose; PET,
positron emission tomography; CT, ed tomography; PR, partial ion; SPD, sum of
the product of the diameters; SD, stable disease; PD, progressive disease.
End point ts Definition Measured from
Primary
Overall survival All Death as a result of any cause Entry onto study
ssion-free All Disease progression or death as a result of Entry onto study
survival any cause
Secondary
Event-free survival All e of treatment or death as result of any Entry onto study
cause
Time to All Time to progression or death as a result of Entry onto study
progression lymphoma
Disease-free In CR Time to relapse or death as a result of Documentation
survival lymphoma or acute toxicity of treatment of response
Response on In CR or Time to relapse or progression Documentation
PR of response
Lymphoma- All Time to death as a result of lymphoma Entry onto study
ic survival
Time to next All Time to new treatment End of primary
treatment treatment
Abbreviations: CR: complete remission; PR: partial remission.
In one embodiment, the end point for lymphoma is evidence of clinical benefit.
Clinical benefit may reflect improvement in quality of life, or reduction in patient symptoms,
usion requirements, frequent infections, or other parameters. Time to reappearance or
progression of lymphoma-related symptoms can also be used in this end point.
In certain embodiments, the treatment of CLL may be assessed by the
International Workshop Guidelines for CLL (see Hallek M, Cheson BD, Catovsky D, et al.
Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of chronic cytic leukemia: a report from the
International Workshop on Chronic Lymphocytic ia updating the National Cancer
Institute-Working Group 1996 guidelines. Blood, 2008; (111) 12: 5446-5456) using the
response and endpoint tions shown therein and in ular:
Parameter CR PR PD
Group A
Lymphadenopathy† None > 1.5 cm Decrease ≥ 50% se ≥ 50%
Hepatomegaly None se ≥ 50% Increase ≥ 50%
Splenomegaly None Decrease ≥ 50% Increase ≥ 50%
Decrease ≥ 50% Increase ≥ 50% over
Blood lymphocytes < L
from baseline baseline
Normocellular, < 30%
lymphocytes, no B- 50% reduction in
Marrow‡ lymphoid nodules. marrow infiltrate, or
llular marrow B-lymphoid nodules
defines CRi (5.1.6).
Group B
> 100 000/μL or Decrease of ≥ 50%
Platelet count > 100 000/μL from baseline
secondary to CLL
increase ≥ 50% over
baseline
> 11 g/dL or Decrease of > 2 g/dL
Hemoglobin > 11.0 g/dL increase ≥ 50% over from baseline
baseline secondary to CLL
> 1500/μL or > 50%
Neutrophils‡ > 1500/μL improvement over
baseline
Group A ia define the tumor load; Group B criteria define the function of the
hematopoietic system (or marrow). CR ete remission): all of the criteria have to be met,
and patients have to lack disease-related constitutional symptoms; PR (partial remission): at least
two of the criteria of group A plus one of the criteria of group B have to be met; SD is absence of
progressive disease (PD) and failure to achieve at least a PR; PD: at least one of the above
criteria of group A or group B has to be met. Sum of the products of multiple lymph nodes (as
evaluated by CT scans in clinical , or by physical examination in l practice). These
parameters are irrelevant for some response categories.
In certain embodiments, the treatment of multiple myeloma may be assessed by
the International Uniform Response Criteria for le Myeloma (IURC) (see Durie BGM,
Harousseau J-L, Miguel JS, et al. International uniform response criteria for multiple myeloma.
Leukemia, 2006; (10) 10: 1-7), using the response and endpoint tions shown below:
Response Subcategory Response Criteriaa
sCR CR as defined below plus
Normal FLC ratio and
Absence of clonal cells in bone marrowb by
immunohistochemistry or
immunofluorescencec
CR Negative fixation on the serum and urine and
Disappearance of any soft tissue plasmacytomas and
<5% plasma cells in bone marrowb
VGPR Serum and urine ein detectable by immunofixation
but not on electrophoresis or 90% or greater reduction in
serum M-protein plus urine M-protein level <100mg per
24 h
PR ≥50% reduction of serum M-protein and reduction in 24-h
y M-protein by≥90% or to <200mg per 24 h
If the serum and urine M-protein are urable,d a
≥50% decrease in the difference between involved and
uninvolved FLC levels is required in place of the M-
protein criteria
If serum and urine M-protein are unmeasurable, and
serum free light assay is also unmeasurable, ≥50%
reduction in plasma cells is required in place of M-protein,
provided baseline bone marrow plasma cell percentage
was ≥30%
In on to the above listed criteria, if present at
baseline, a ≥50% reduction in the size of soft tissue
plasmacytomas is also required
SD (not recommended for use as an Not meeting criteria for CR, VGPR, PR or progressive
indicator of response; ity of disease
disease is best described by
providing the time to progression
estimates)
Abbreviations: CR, complete response; FLC, free light chain; PR, partial
response; SD, stable disease; sCR, stringent complete response; VGPR, very good partial
response; aAll se categories require two consecutive ments made at e before
the ution of any new therapy; all categories also require no known evidence of progressive
or new bone lesions if raphic studies were performed. raphic studies are not
required to satisfy these response requirements; bConfirmation with repeat bone marrow biopsy
not needed; cPresence/absence of clonal cells is based upon the κ/λ ratio. An abnormal κ/λ ratio
by immunohistochemistry and/or immunofluorescence requires a minimum of 100 plasma cells
for analysis. An abnormal ratio reflecting presence of an abnormal clone is κ/λ of >4:1 or
<1:2.dMeasurable disease defined by at least one of the following measurements: Bone marrow
plasma cells ≥30%; Serum M-protein ≥1 g/dl (≥10 10 g/l]; Urine M-protein ≥200 mg/24 h;
Serum FLC assay: ed FLC level ≥10 mg/dl (≥100 mg/l); provided serum FLC ratio is
abnormal.
In certain embodiments, the treatment of a cancer may be assessed by Response
tion Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST 1.1) (see Thereasse P., et al. New Guidelines to
Evaluate the Response to Treatment in Solid Tumors. J. of the National Cancer Institute; 2000;
(92) 205-216 and Eisenhauer E.A., Therasse P., Bogaerts J., et al. New response evaluation
criteria in solid tumours: Revised RECIST guideline (version 1.1). European J. Cancer; 2009;
(45) 228–247). Overall responses for all possible combinations of tumor responses in target and
non-target lesions with our without the appearance of new lesions are as follows:
Target lesions rget lesions New lesions Overall response
CR CR No CR
CR Incomplete No PR
response/SD
PR Non-PD No PR
SD Non-PD No SD
PD Any Yes or no PD
Any PD Yes or no PD
Any Any Yes PD
CR = complete response; PR = partial response; SD = stable disease; and PD = progressive
disease.
With respect to the evaluation of target lesions, complete response (CR) is the
disappearance of all target lesions, partial response (PR) is at least a 30% decrease in the sum of
the longest diameter of target lesions, taking as reference the baseline sum longest diameter,
progressive disease (PD) is at least a 20% increase in the sum of the t diameter of target
lesions, taking as reference the smallest sum longest diameter ed since the treatment
started or the appearance of one or more new lesions and stable disease (SD) is neither sufficient
shrinkage to qualify for partial response nor sufficient increase to qualify for progressive disease,
taking as reference the smallest sum longest diameter since the ent started.
With respect to the tion of non-target lesions, complete response (CR) is
the disappearance of all non-target lesions and normalization of tumor marker level; incomplete
response/stable disease (SD) is the persistence of one or more non-target lesion(s) and/or the
maintenance of tumor marker level above the normal limits, and progressive disease (PD) is the
appearance of one or more new s and/or unequivocal progression of existing non-target
lesions.
The ures, conventions, and definitions described below provide guidance
for implementing the recommendations from the Response Assessment for Oncology
(RANO) g Group regarding response criteria for high-grade gliomas (Wen P.,
Macdonald, DR., Reardon, DA., et al. Updated response assessment criteria for highgrade
gliomas: se assessment in neuro-oncology working group. J Clin Oncol 2010; 28: 1963-
1972). Primary cations to the RANO criteria for ia for Time Point Responses (TPR)
can include the addition of operational conventions for defining changes in glucocorticoid dose,
and the removal of subjects’ clinical deterioration component to focus on objective radiologic
assessments. The baseline MRI scan is defined as the assessment med at the end of the
post-surgery rest period, prior to re-initiating compound treatment. The baseline MRI is used as
the reference for assessing complete response (CR) and partial response (PR). Whereas, the
smallest SPD (sum of the products of dicular diameters) ed either at baseline or at
subsequent assessments will be designated the nadir assessment and utilized as the nce for
ining progression. For the 5 days preceding any protocol-defined MRI scan, subjects
receive either no glucocorticoids or are on a stable dose of glucocorticoids. A stable dose is
defined as the same daily dose for the 5 consecutive days preceding the MRI scan. If the
prescribed glucocorticoid dose is changed in the 5 days before the baseline scan, a new baseline
scan is required with glucocorticoid use meeting the ia described above. The following
definitions will be used.
Measurable Lesions: Measurable lesions are contrast-enhancing lesions that can
be measured bidimensionally. A measurement is made of the maximal enhancing tumor diameter
(also known as the longest diameter, LD). The greatest perpendicular diameter is measured on
the same image. The cross hairs of bidimensional measurements should cross and the product of
these diameters will be calculated.
Minimal Diameter: T1-weighted image in which the sections are 5 mm with
1 mm skip. The minimal LD of a able lesion is set as 5 mm by 5 mm. Larger ers
may be ed for inclusion and/or designation as target lesions. After baseline, target lesions
that become smaller than the minimum requirement for measurement or become no longer
le to bidimensional measurement will be recorded at the default value of 5 mm for each
diameter below 5 mm. Lesions that ear will be recorded as 0 mm by 0 mm.
Multicentric Lesions: Lesions that are ered multicentric (as opposed to
uous) are lesions where there is normal intervening brain tissue n the two (or more)
lesions. For multicentric lesions that are discrete foci of enhancement, the approach is to
separately measure each enhancing lesion that meets the inclusion criteria. If there is no normal
brain tissue between two (or more) lesions, they will be considered the same lesion.
Nonmeasurable Lesions: All lesions that do not meet the criteria for able
disease as d above will be considered non-measurable lesions, as well as all nonenhancing
and other truly nonmeasurable lesions. Nonmeasurable lesions include foci of enhancement that
are less than the ied smallest diameter (ie., less than 5 mm by 5 mm), nonenhancing lesions
(eg., as seen on T1-weighted post-contrast, T2-weighted, or fluid-attenuated inversion ry
(FLAIR) images), hemorrhagic or predominantly cystic or necrotic lesions, and leptomeningeal
tumor. Hemorrhagic lesions often have intrinsic T1-weighted hyperintensity that could be
misinterpreted as enhancing tumor, and for this reason, the pre-contrast T1-weighted image may
be ed to exclude baseline or interval sub-acute hemorrhage.
At baseline, lesions will be classified as s: Target s: Up to
measurable lesions can be selected as target lesions with each measuring at least 10 mm by
mm, representative of the subject’s disease; Non-target lesions: All other lesions, including all
nonmeasurable lesions (including mass effects and T2/FLAIR findings) and any measurable
lesion not selected as a target lesion. At baseline, target s are to be measured as described
in the definition for measurable lesions and the SPD of all target lesions is to be determined. The
presence of all other lesions is to be documented. At all post-treatment evaluations, the baseline
classification of lesions as target and non-target lesions will be maintained and s will be
documented and bed in a consistent fashion over time (eg., recorded in the same order on
source documents and eCRFs). All measurable and nonmeasurable lesions must be assessed
using the same technique as at baseline (e.g., subjects should be imaged on the same MRI
scanner or at least with the same magnet strength) for the duration of the study to reduce
difficulties in interpreting changes. At each evaluation, target lesions will be measured and the
SPD calculated. Non-target lesions will be assessed qualitatively and new lesions, if any, will be
documented tely. At each tion, a time point response will be determined for target
lesions, non-target lesions, and new lesion. Tumor progression can be ished even if only a
subset of lesions is ed. However, unless progression is observed, objective status (stable
disease, PR or CR) can only be determined when all lesions are assessed.
mation assessments for overall time point ses of CR and PR will be
performed at the next scheduled ment, but confirmation may not occur if scans have an
interval of < 28 days. Best response, incorporating confirmation requirements, will be derived
from the series of time .
In certain embodiments, treatment of a cancer may be assessed by the tion
of phosphorylation of S6RP, 4E-BP1, AKT and/or DNA-PK in circulating blood and/or tumor
cells, and/or skin biopsies or tumor biopsies/aspirates, before, during and/or after treatment with
a TOR kinase inhibitor. For example, the inhibition of phosphorylation of S6RP, 4E-BP1,
AKT and/or DNA-PK is assessed in B-cells, T-cells and/or monocytes. In other embodiments,
treatment of a cancer may be assessed by the inhibition of DNA-dependent protein kinase
(DNA-PK) activity in skin samples and/or tumor biopsies/aspirates, such as by assessment of the
amount of pDNA-PK S2056 as a biomarker for DNA damage pathways, before, during, and/or
afier TOR kinase inhibitor treatment. In one embodiment, the skin sample is irradiated by
UV light.
In the extreme, complete inhibition, is referred to herein as tion or
chemoprevention. In this context, the term “prevention” includes either preventing the onset of
ally evident cancer altogether or preventing the onset of a preclinically evident stage of a
cancer. Also intended to be encompassed by this definition is the prevention of transformation
into malignant cells or to arrest or reverse the progression ofpremalignant cells to malignant
cells. This includes prophylactic treatment of those at risk of developing a cancer.
.2 ND 1
The solid forms, formulations and methods ofuse provided herein relate to
Compound 1:
</ i“
N /
H | K
N \ N N O
N N
having the name 1-ethyl(2-methyl(1H-1,2,4-tn'azolyl)pyridinyl)-3,4-
opyrazino[2,3-b]pyrazin—2(lH)—one, and tautomers.
Tautomers ofCompound 1 include the following:
N~N HN~N
<’\ (\\
uN/I\ NrIJ/o NN/l\ NNKO
IIT=\ IIT\ / /
N N
H N”
Compound 1 can be prepared using reagents and methods known in the art,
including the methods provided in US Patent No. 8,110,578, filed on October 26, 2009;
US Patent Publication Application No. 2011/0137028, filed on October 25, 2010; and
US Provisional Patent Application No. 61/813,064, filed on April 17, 2013, the entire contents of
each of which are incorporated herein by reference.
It should be noted that if there is a discrepancy between a depicted ure and a
name given that structure, the depicted structure is to be accorded more weight. In addition, if
the stereochemistry of a structure or a portion of a structure is not indicated with, for example,
bold or dashed lines, the structure or portion of the ure is to be interpreted as encompassing
all stereoisomers of it.
.3 SOLID FORMS OF COMPOUND 1
In certain embodiments, provided herein are solid forms of Compound 1 or
tautomers f. In certain embodiments, the solid form is crystalline. In certain
embodiments, the solid form is a single-component solid form. In certain embodiments, the
solid form is a solvate.
While not intending to be bound by any particular theory, n solid forms are
characterized by physical properties, e.g., stability, solubility and dissolution rate, riate for
pharmaceutical and therapeutic dosage forms. Moreover, while not wishing to be bound by any
particular theory, certain solid forms are characterized by al properties (e.g., density,
compressibility, hardness, morphology, cleavage, stickiness, solubility, water uptake, electrical
properties, thermal behavior, solid-state reactivity, physical stability, and chemical stability)
affecting particular processes (e.g., yield, tion, washing, drying, milling, , tableting,
flowability, dissolution, formulation, and lyophilization) which make certain solid forms suitable
for the manufacture of a solid dosage form. Such ties can be determined using particular
ical chemical techniques, including solid-state analytical techniques (e.g., X-ray
diffraction, microscopy, spectroscopy and l analysis), as described herein and known in
the art.
The solid forms provided herein (e.g., Form 1, Form 2, Form 3, Form 4, Form 5
and ous of nd 1) may be characterized using a number of methods known to a
person having ordinary skill in the art, ing, but not limited to, single crystal X-ray
diffraction, X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD), microscopy (e.g., scanning electron microscopy
(SEM)), thermal analysis (e.g., differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermal gravimetric
analysis (TGA), and hot-stage copy), spectroscopy (e.g., infrared, Raman, and solid-state
nuclear magnetic resonance), single differential thermal analysis (SDTA), high performance
liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectroscopy (HPLC-MS), thermogravimetrical
analysis coupled with single differential l is (TGA-SDTA), and thermogravimetric
analysis coupled with mass spectroscopy (TGA-MS). The particle size and size distribution of
the solid form provided herein may be determined by conventional s, such as laser light
scattering technique.
The purity of the solid forms provided herein may be determined by standard
analytical methods, such as thin layer chromatography (TLC), gel electrophoresis, gas
chromatography, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and mass
spectrometry (MS).
It should be understood that the numerical values of the peaks of an X-ray powder
diffraction pattern may vary slightly from one machine to r or from one sample to another,
and so the values quoted are not to be construed as absolute, but with an allowable variability,
such as ±0.2 degrees 2 theta (see United State copoeia, page 2228 (2003)).
.3.1 Form 1 of Compound 1
In certain embodiments, provided herein is Form 1 of Compound 1.
In one embodiment, Form 1 is an anhydrous form of nd 1. In another
ment, Form 1 of Compound 1 is crystalline.
In certain embodiments, a solid form provided herein, e.g., Form 1, is
substantially crystalline, as indicated by, e.g., X-ray powder diffraction measurements. In one
embodiment, Form 1 of Compound 1 has an X-ray powder diffraction pattern substantially as
shown in In one embodiment, Form 1 of Compound 1 has one or more characteristic
X-ray powder diffraction peaks at a eta angle of imately 7.94, 9.74, 11.94, 15.86,
17.3, 17.86, 19.46, 25.14, 26.42, 27.06, 27.98 or 29.38 degrees as depicted in In a
specific embodiment, Form 1 of nd 1 has one, two, three, four, five, six, seven or eight
characteristic X-ray powder diffraction peaks at a two-theta angle of approximately 9.74, 11.94,
.86, 17.3, 25.14, 26.42, 27.06 or 27.98 degrees. In another embodiment, Form 1 of Compound
1 has one, two, three or four characteristic X-ray powder diffraction peaks at a two-theta angle of
approximately 9.74, 15.86, 25.14 or 27.06 degrees. In another embodiment, Form 1 of
Compound 1 has one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven or twelve
characteristic X-ray powder ction peaks as set forth in Table 25.
In one embodiment, Form 1 of Compound 1 has a digital image ntially as
shown in
In one embodiment, provided herein is a crystalline form of Compound 1 having a
single differential thermal analysis (SDTA) thermogram as depicted in comprising an
ermic event n about 240 °C and about 285 °C with a maximum at about 268.9 °C
when heated from approximately 25 °C to approximately 300 °C (see Table 24).
In one embodiment, provided herein is a crystalline form of Compound 1 having a
gravimetric (TGA) thermograph corresponding substantially to the representative TGA
thermogram as depicted in In n embodiments, the crystalline form exhibits a TGA
thermogram comprising a total mass loss of approximately 0.44% of the total mass of the sample
between approximately 30 °C and approximately 250 °C when heated from approximately 20 °C
to approximately 300 °C. Thus, in certain embodiments, the crystalline form loses about 0.44%
of its total mass when heated from about ambient temperature to about 300 °C.
In still another embodiment, Form 1 of Compound 1 is ntially pure. In
n embodiments, the substantially pure Form 1 of Compound 1 is substantially free of other
solid forms, e.g., amorphous form. In certain embodiments, the purity of the substantially pure
Form 1 of Compound 1 is no less than about 95% pure, no less than about 96% pure, no less than
about 97% pure, no less than about 98% pure, no less than about 98.5% pure, no less than about
99% pure, no less than about 99.5% pure, or no less than about 99.8% pure.
.3.2 Form 2 of Compound 1
In certain ments, provided herein is Form 2 of Compound 1.
In certain embodiments, Form 2 is obtained by crystallization from certain solvent
systems, for example, solvent systems comprising one or more of the following solvents or
solvent combinations: 1,2-ethanediol and THF. In certain embodiments, Form 2 provided
herein is ed by slurry crystallization, evaporation crystallization or thermocycling
crystallization (see Table 23).
In certain embodiments, ed herein are methods for making Form 2 of
Compound 1, comprising obtaining a slurry of Form 1 of Compound 1 in a solvent, stirring the
slurry, collecting solid from the slurry by filtration (e.g., fuge filtration) and optionally
g (e.g., washing with the solvent) and drying. In certain embodiments, provided herein
are methods for making Form 2 of Compound 1, comprising obtaining a slurry of Compound 1
in hanediol, stirring the slurry, collecting solid from the slurry by centrifuge filtration and
optionally washing with 1,2-ethanediol and drying.
In certain embodiments, provided herein are methods for making Form 2 of
Compound 1, comprising dissolving Form 1 of Compound 1 in a solvent to yield a on,
filtering the solution if Form 1 does not dissolve completely, and evaporating the solution under
certain air pressure to yield a solid. In certain embodiments, provided herein are methods for
making Form 2 of Compound 1, sing ving Form 1 of Compound 1 in
1,2-ethanediol/THF (50/50) to yield a on, filtering the solution if Form 1 does not dissolve
completely, and evaporating the solution under 200 mbar air pressure to yield a solid.
In certain embodiments, provided herein are methods for making Form 2 of
Compound 1, comprising 1) obtaining a slurry of Form 1 of Compound 1 in a solvent; 2) heating
the slurry until a first temperature (e.g., about 30 °C to about 50 °C); 3) cooling the slurry to a
second temperature (e.g., about -5 °C to about 15 °C); 4) keeping the slurry at the second
temperature for a period of time; 5) stirring the slurry during steps 1-5; 6) repeating steps 2-5
(e.g., from 6 to 10 times); and 7) filtering the slurry to yield a solid. In certain embodiments,
provided herein are s for making Form 2 of Compound 1, comprising 1) obtaining a
slurry of Form 1 of nd 1 in 1,2-ethanediol; 2) heating the slurry to about 40 °C;
3) g the slurry to about 5 °C; 4) keeping the slurry at about 5 °C for about 30 minutes;
) stirring the slurry during steps 1-5; 6) repeating steps 2-5 8 times; and 7) filtering the slurry to
yield a solid.
In one embodiment, Form 2 is a 1,2-ethanediol solvated form of Compound 1. In
one embodiment, Form 2 is a 1,2-ethanediol mono-solvated form of Compound 1. In another
embodiment, Form 2 of Compound 1 is crystalline.
In certain embodiments, a solid form provided herein, e.g., Form 2, is
substantially crystalline, as indicated by, e.g., X-ray powder diffraction measurements. In one
embodiment, Form 2 of Compound 1 has an X-ray powder diffraction pattern substantially as
shown in (middle n). In one embodiment, Form 2 of Compound 1 has one or more
characteristic X-ray powder diffraction peaks at a two-theta angle of approximately 6.18, 10.02,
11.54, 12.34, 13.86, 18.54, 21.74, 22.5, 23.42, 24.54, 25.5, 26.02, 26.7, 27.82, 28.34 or 34.14
degrees as depicted in In a specific embodiment, Form 2 of Compound 1 has one, two,
three, four, five, six, seven or eight characteristic X-ray powder diffraction peaks at a two-theta
angle of approximately 6.18, 12.34, 18.54, 21.74, 22.5, 23.42, 26.7 or 28.34 degrees. In another
embodiment, Form 2 of Compound 1 has one, two, three or four characteristic X-ray powder
diffraction peaks at a two-theta angle of imately 6.18, 12.34, 21.74 or 26.7 degrees. In
another embodiment, Form 2 of Compound 1 has one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight,
nine, ten, eleven, , thirteen, fourteen, fifteen or sixteen characteristic X-ray powder
diffraction peaks as set forth in Table 26.
In one embodiment, Form 2 of Compound 1 has a digital image substantially as
shown in .
In one ment, provided herein is a crystalline form of Compound 1 having a
thermogravimetric (TGA) thermograph corresponding ntially to the entative TGA
thermogram as depicted in . In certain ments, the crystalline form exhibits a
TGA thermogram comprising a total mass loss of approximately 15.5% of the total mass of the
sample n approximately 95 °C and approximately 175 °C when heated from
approximately 25 °C to approximately 300 °C. Thus, in certain embodiments, the crystalline
form loses about 15.5% of its total mass when heated from about t temperature to about
300 °C. In certain ments, the crystalline form contains 1 molar equivalent of t in
the crystal lattice corresponding to imately 1 mole of 1,2-ethanediol per mole of
Compound 1. The theoretical 1,2-ethanediol content of a 1,2-ethanediol mono-solvate of
Compound 1 is 15.6 % by weight, matching the TGA weight loss observed. In certain
embodiments, the crystalline form is a 1,2-ethanediol mono-solvate of Compound 1.
In one embodiment, provided herein is a crystalline form of Compound 1 having a
single differential thermal analysis (SDTA) thermogram as depicted in comprising an
ermic event between about 95 °C and about 176 °C with a maximum at about 137 °C
when heated from approximately 25 °C to approximately 300 °C (see Table 24).
In one embodiment, provided herein is a lline form of Compound 1 having a
single differential thermal analysis (SDTA) gram as depicted in comprising an
endothermic event between about 240 °C and about 285 °C with a maximum at about 264 °C
when heated from approximately 25 °C to imately 300 °C (see Table 24).
In still another embodiment, Form 2 of Compound 1 is substantially pure. In
certain embodiments, the substantially pure Form 2 of Compound 1 is substantially free of other
solid forms, e.g., amorphous form. In certain embodiments, the purity of the substantially pure
Form 2 of Compound 1 is no less than about 95% pure, no less than about 96% pure, no less than
about 97% pure, no less than about 98% pure, no less than about 98.5% pure, no less than about
99% pure, no less than about 99.5% pure, or no less than about 99.8% pure.
.3.3 Form 3 of Compound 1
In certain embodiments, provided herein is Form 3 of Compound 1.
In certain embodiments, Form 3 is obtained by crystallization from certain solvent
systems, for e, solvent systems comprising one or more of the following solvents or
solvent combinations: 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol (TFE) combined with either water or cyclohexane,
chloroform and the t mixture of panol and acetone. In certain embodiments, Form 3
is obtained by evaporative crystallization, hot-filtration crystallization, vapor diffusion into liquid
crystallization or vapor ion onto solid crystallization (see Table 23).
In certain embodiments, provided herein are methods for making Form 3 of
Compound 1, comprising mixing Form 1 of Compound 1 with a solvent or t e,
filtering the e to yield a solution if Form 1 does not dissolve completely, and evaporating
the solution under certain air pressure to yield a solid. In certain embodiments, provided herein
are methods for making Form 3 of Compound 1, comprising mixing Form 1 of Compound 1
with a 1:1 solution of TFE and water, filtering the mixture to yield a solution if Form 1 does not
dissolve completely, and evaporating the solution of TFE and water under 200 mbar air pressure
to yield a solid.
In certain embodiments, provided herein are methods for making Form 3 of
Compound 1, comprising obtaining a slurry of Form 1 of Compound 1 in a solvent, heating the
slurry to a first temperature (e.g., about 50 °C to about 70 °C), filtering the slurry to yield a
solution, cooling down the solution to a second temperature (e.g., about 15 °C to about 35 °C) to
yield solid precipitation, and collecting the solid. In certain embodiments, provided herein are
methods for making Form 3 of nd 1, comprising obtaining a slurry of Form 1 of
Compound 1 in a 1:1 solution of acetone and isopropanol, heating the slurry to about 60 °C,
filtering the slurry to yield a solution, cooling down the solution to about 25 °C to yield solid
precipitation, and collecting the solid.
In certain ments, provided herein are methods for making Form 3 of
nd 1, comprising obtaining a saturated solution of Form 1 of Compound 1 in a solvent,
diffusing an anti-solvent into the saturated solution, collecting precipitated solid if there is
precipitation, and evaporating the solvent to collect solid if there is no precipitation. In certain
embodiments, provided herein are methods for making Form 3 of Compound 1, comprising
obtaining a saturated solution of Form 1 of Compound 1 in TFE, diffusing cyclohexane into the
saturated solution, collecting itated solid if there is precipitation, and evaporating the
solvent to collect solid if there is no itation.
In n ments, provided herein are methods for making Form 3 of
Compound 1, comprising obtaining ous form of Compound 1, diffusing a t on to
the amorphous form of Compound 1 for a period of time (e.g., about 1 week to about 1 month),
and collecting the solid. In certain embodiments, provided herein are methods for making Form
3 of Compound 1, comprising obtaining amorphous form of Compound 1 by grinding Form 1 of
Compound 1 for about two hours, ing chloroform on to the amorphous form of Compound
1 for about two weeks, and collecting the solid.
In one embodiment, Form 3 is a trifluoroethanol solvated form of
Compound 1. In one embodiment, Form 3 is a 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol hemi-solvated form of
Compound 1. In another embodiment, Form 3 of Compound 1 is crystalline.
In one embodiment, Form 3 is a chloroform solvated form of Compound 1. In
one embodiment, Form 3 is a form olvated form of Compound 1.
In one embodiment, Form 3 is an acetone solvated form of Compound 1. In one
embodiment, Form 3 is an acetone hemi-solvated form of Compound 1.
In one embodiment, Form 3 is an isopropanol solvated form of Compound 1. In
one embodiment, Form 3 is an isopropanol hemi-solvated form of Compound 1.
In certain embodiments, a solid form provided herein (e.g., Form 3) is
substantially lline, as indicated by, e.g., X-ray powder diffraction measurements. In one
embodiment, Form 3 of Compound 1 has an X-ray powder diffraction pattern substantially as
shown in (middle pattern). In one embodiment, Form 3 of Compound 1 has one or
more characteristic X-ray powder diffraction peaks at a two-theta angle of imately 3.5,
7.06, 9.26, 10.5, 12.66, 15.3 or 18.62 degrees as depicted in . In another embodiment,
Form 3 of Compound 1 has one, two, three or four characteristic X-ray powder diffraction peaks
at a two-theta angle of approximately 3.5, 9.26, 15.3 or 18.62 s. In r ment,
Form 3 of Compound 1 has one, two, three, four, five, six or seven characteristic X-ray powder
diffraction peaks as set forth in Table 27.
In one embodiment, Form 3 of Compound 1 has a digital image substantially as
shown in A.
In one embodiment, provided herein is a crystalline form of Compound 1 having a
thermogravimetric (TGA) thermograph corresponding substantially to the representative TGA
thermogram as depicted in . In certain embodiments, the crystalline form exhibits a
TGA thermogram comprising a total mass loss of approximately 12.8% of the total mass of the
sample between approximately 35 °C and approximately 190 °C when heated from
approximately 25 °C to approximately 300 °C. Thus, in certain embodiments, the crystalline
form loses about 12.8% of its total mass when heated from about ambient temperature to about
300 °C. In certain ments, the crystalline form contains 0.5 molar lents of solvent
in the crystal lattice corresponding to approximately 0.5 mole of 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol per mole
of Compound 1. The theoretical 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol content of a 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol hemisolvate
of Compound 1 is 11.5 % by weight, matching the TGA weight loss observed. In certain
embodiments, the crystalline form is a trifluoroethanol hemi-solvate of Compound 1.
In one embodiment, provided herein is a crystalline form of Compound 1 having a
single differential thermal analysis (SDTA) thermogram as depicted in comprising an
endothermic event between about 110 °C and about 175 °C with a maximum at about 149 °C
when heated from approximately 25 °C to imately 300 °C (see Table 24).
In one embodiment, ed herein is a crystalline form of Compound 1 having a
SDTA thermogram comprising an endothermic event as ed in between about
225 °C and about 275 °C with a maximum at about 254 °C when heated from approximately
°C to approximately 300 °C (see Table 24).
In still another ment, Form 3 of Compound 1 is substantially pure. In
certain embodiments, the substantially pure Form 3 of Compound 1 is substantially free of other
solid forms, e.g., amorphous form. In certain embodiments, the purity of the substantially pure
Form 3 of Compound 1 is no less than about 95% pure, no less than about 96% pure, no less than
about 97% pure, no less than about 98% pure, no less than about 98.5% pure, no less than about
99% pure, no less than about 99.5% pure, or no less than about 99.8% pure.
.3.4 Form 4 of Compound 1
In certain embodiments, provided herein is Form 4 of Compound 1.
In n embodiments, Form 4 is obtained by crystallization from n solvent
systems, for example, solvent systems comprising one or more of the following ts or
t combinations: dimethylsulfoxide, water and toluene. In certain embodiments, Form 4 is
obtained by anti-solvent crystallization and vapor ion into liquid crystallization.
In certain embodiments, provided herein are methods for making Form 4 of
Compound 1, comprising dissolving Form 1 of Compound 1 in a solvent, adding an anti-solvent,
collecting solid from the solution by filtration, and optionally washing (e.g., washing with the
mixture of solvent and anti-solvent at the same ratio of the solution) and drying. In certain
embodiments, provided herein are methods for making Form 4 of Compound 1, comprising
dissolving Form 1 of nd 1 in dimethylsulfoxide, adding water, collecting solid from the
solution by filtration, and optionally washing with the mixture of dimethylsulfoxide and water at
the same ratio of the solution and drying. In certain embodiments, provided herein are methods
for making Form 4 of Compound 1, comprising dissolving Form 1 of Compound 1 in
dimethylsulfoxide, adding toluene, collecting solid from the on by filtration, and optionally
washing with the mixture of ylsulfoxide and toluene at the same ratio of the solution and
drying.
In certain embodiments, provided herein are methods for making Form 4 of
Compound 1, comprising obtaining a saturated solution of Form 1 of Compound 1 in a solvent,
diffusing an olvent into the saturated on, collecting itated solid if there is
precipitation, and evaporating the solvent to collect solid if there is no precipitation. In certain
embodiments, provided herein are methods for making Form 4 of Compound 1, comprising
obtaining a saturated solution of Form 1 of Compound 1 in DMSO, diffusing water into the
saturated solution, collecting precipitated solid if there is precipitation, and evaporating the
solvent to collect solid if there is no precipitation.
In one embodiment, Form 4 is a dimethylsulfoxide solvated form of Compound 1.
In one embodiment, Form 4 is a 0.8 molar equivalent dimethylsulfoxide solvated form of
Compound 1. In another ment, Form 4 of Compound 1 is crystalline.
In certain embodiments, a solid form provided herein, e.g., Form 4, is
ntially crystalline, as indicated by, e.g., X-ray powder diffraction measurements. In one
embodiment, Form 4 of Compound 1 has an X-ray powder diffraction pattern substantially as
shown in (middle pattern). In one embodiment, Form 4 of Compound 1 has one or
more characteristic X-ray powder diffraction peaks at a eta angle of approximately 8.22,
.14, 10.66, 14.02, 18.1, 20.62, 21.94, 22.66, 23.78, 24.34, 25.42 or 26.26 degrees as depicted
in . In a specific embodiment, Form 4 of Compound 1 has one, two, three, four, five,
six, seven or eight characteristic X-ray powder diffraction peaks at a two-theta angle of
approximately 10.14, 10.66, 18.1, 20.62, 21.94, 22.66, 24.34 or 26.26 degrees. In r
embodiment, Form 4 of Compound 1 has one, two, three or four characteristic X-ray powder
ction peaks at a two-theta angle of approximately 10.14, 10.66, 21.94 or 26.26 degrees. In
r embodiment, Form 4 of Compound 1 has one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight,
nine, ten, eleven or twelve characteristic X-ray powder ction peaks as set forth in Table 28.
] In one embodiment, Form 4 of Compound 1 as wet solid has a digital image
substantially as shown in A. In one embodiment, Form 4 of Compound 1 as dry solid
has a digital image substantially as shown in B.
In one embodiment, provided herein is a crystalline form of Compound 1 having a
thermogravimetric (TGA) thermograph corresponding substantially to the representative TGA
thermogram as depicted in . In n embodiments, the crystalline form ts a
TGA thermogram comprising a total mass loss of approximately 16.4% of the total mass of the
sample between approximately 35 °C and approximately 180 °C when heated from
imately 25 °C to approximately 300 °C. Thus, in certain ments, the crystalline
form loses about 16.4% of its total mass when heated from about ambient temperature to about
300 °C. In certain embodiments, the crystalline form contains 0.8 molar equivalents of solvent
in the crystal lattice corresponding to imately 0.8 mole of dimethylsulfoxide per mole of
Compound 1. The tical dimethylsulfoxide content of a 0.8 molar equivalent
dimethylsulfoxide solvate of Compound 1 is 18.9 % by weight, matching the TGA weight loss
observed. In certain embodiments, the crystalline form is a 0.8 molar equivalent
dimethylsulfoxide solvate of Compound 1.
In one ment, provided herein is a crystalline form of Compound 1 having a
SDTA thermogram as depicted in comprising an endothermic event between about
100 °C and about 175 °C with a maximum at about 139 °C when heated from approximately
°C to approximately 300 °C (see Table 24).
In one embodiment, provided herein is a crystalline form of Compound 1 having a
SDTA thermogram as depicted in sing an endothermic event between about
235 °C and about 275 °C with a maximum at about 258 °C when heated from approximately
°C to approximately 300 °C (see Table 24).
In still another embodiment, Form 4 of Compound 1 is substantially pure. In
n embodiments, the substantially pure Form 4 of Compound 1 is substantially free of other
solid forms, e.g., amorphous form. In certain embodiments, the purity of the substantially pure
Form 4 of Compound 1 is no less than about 95% pure, no less than about 96% pure, no less than
about 97% pure, no less than about 98% pure, no less than about 98.5% pure, no less than about
99% pure, no less than about 99.5% pure, or no less than about 99.8% pure.
.3.5 Form 5 of Compound 1
In certain embodiments, provided herein is Form 5 of Compound 1.
In certain embodiments, Form 5 is obtained by llization from certain solvent
systems, for e, solvent systems comprising one or more of the following solvents or
solvent combinations: THF, water, 1,4-dioxane, ol and ethanol. In certain embodiments,
Form 5 is obtained by hot-filtration llization, anti-solvent crystallization or ative
crystallization.
In certain embodiments, ed herein are methods for making Form 5 of
Compound 1, comprising obtaining a slurry of Form 1 of Compound 1 in a solvent, heating the
slurry to a temperature (e.g., about 50 °C to about 70 °C) for a period of time (e.g., about
minutes to about 2 hours), filtering the slurry to yield a solution, cooling down the solution to
a temperature (e.g., about 10 °C to about 35 °C), collecting solid from the solution by filtration,
and optionally g (e.g., washing with the solvent) and drying. In certain embodiments,
provided herein are methods for making Form 5 of Compound 1, comprising obtaining a slurry
of Form 1 of Compound 1 in a t mixture of THF and water (50/50), heating the slurry at
about 60 °C for about one hour, filtering the slurry to yield a solution, cooling down the solution
to about 25 °C, collecting solid from the solution by filtration, and optionally washing with the
solvent mixture of THF and water (50/50) and . In certain ments, provided herein
are methods for making Form 5 of Compound 1, comprising obtaining a slurry of Form 1 of
Compound 1 in a solvent e of methanol and water (50/50), heating the slurry at about
60 °C for about one hour, filtering the slurry to yield a solution, cooling down the solution to
about 25 °C, collecting solid from the solution by filtration, and optionally washing with the
solvent mixture of methanol and water (50/50) and drying. In certain embodiments, provided
herein are methods for making Form 5 of Compound 1, comprising obtaining a slurry of Form 1
of Compound 1 in a t mixture of oxane and water (50/50), heating the slurry at about
60 °C for about one hour, filtering the slurry to yield a solution, cooling down the solution to
about 25 °C, collecting solid from the solution by filtration, and optionally washing with the
solvent mixture of 1,4-dioxane and water (50/50) and drying. In certain embodiments, provided
herein are methods for making Form 5 of Compound 1, comprising obtaining a slurry of Form 1
of Compound 1 in a solvent mixture of ethanol and water (50/50), heating the slurry at about
60 °C for about one hour, filtering the slurry to yield a solution, cooling down the on to
about 25 °C, collecting solid from the solution by filtration, and optionally washing with solvent
mixture of ethanol and water (50/50) and drying.
In n ments, provided herein are methods for making Form 5 of
Compound 1, comprising obtaining a saturated solution of Form 1 of Compound 1 in a solvent,
diffusing an olvent into the saturated solution, ting precipitated solid if there is
precipitation, and evaporating the solvent to t solid if there is no precipitation. In certain
embodiments, provided herein are methods for making Form 5 of Compound 1, comprising
obtaining a saturated solution of Form 1 of Compound 1 in THF, diffusing water into the
saturated solution, collecting precipitated solid if there is precipitation, and evaporating the
t to collect solid if there is no precipitation.
In certain embodiments, provided herein are methods for making Form 5 of
Compound 1, comprising mixing Form 5 of Compound 1 with a solvent, filtering the mixture to
yield a solution if Form 1 does not dissolve completely, and evaporating the solution under
certain air pressure to yield solid. In n ments, provided herein are methods for
making Form 5 of Compound 1, comprising mixing Form 1 of Compound 1 with ter
(50:50), filtering the mixture to yield a solution if Form 1 does not dissolve completely, and
evaporating the solution under 200 mbar air pressure to yield solid.
In one embodiment, Form 5 is a hydrated form of Compound 1. In one
embodiment, Form 5 is a dihydrated form of Compound 1. In another embodiment, Form 5 of
Compound 1 is crystalline.
In n embodiments, a solid form provided herein, e.g., Form 5, is
ntially crystalline, as indicated by, e.g., X-ray powder diffraction measurements. In one
embodiment, Form 5 of Compound 1 has an X-ray powder diffraction pattern substantially as
shown in (middle pattern). In one embodiment, Form 5 of nd 1 has one or
more characteristic X-ray powder diffraction peaks at a two-theta angle of approximately 6.02,
7.46, 9.26, 11.7, 12.18, 19.78, 22.02, 23.74, 24.26, 24.94, 26.18, 27.06 or 29.86 degrees as
depicted in . In a ic embodiment, Form 5 of Compound 1 has one, two, three, four,
five, six, seven or eight characteristic X-ray powder diffraction peaks at a two-theta angle of
approximately 7.46, 9.26, 11.7, 22.02, 23.74, 24.26, 24.94 or 26.18 degrees. In another
ment, Form 5 of Compound 1 has one, two, three or four characteristic X-ray powder
ction peaks at a two-theta angle of approximately 9.26, 11.7, 24.94 or 26.18 s. In
another embodiment, Form 5 of Compound 1 has one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight,
nine, ten, eleven, twelve or thirteen characteristic X-ray powder ction peaks as set forth in
Table 29.
In one embodiment, Form 5 of nd 1 has a digital image substantially as
shown in A.
In one embodiment, provided herein is a crystalline form of Compound 1 having a
thermogravimetric (TGA) thermograph corresponding substantially to the representative TGA
thermogram as depicted in . In certain embodiments, the crystalline form exhibits a
TGA thermogram comprising a total mass loss of approximately 9.4% of the total mass of the
sample between approximately 35 °C and approximately 240 °C when heated from
approximately 25 °C to approximately 300 °C. Thus, in certain ments, the crystalline
form loses about 9.4% of its total mass when heated from about ambient temperature to about
300 °C. In certain embodiments, the crystalline form contains 2 molar equivalents of solvent in
the crystal lattice corresponding to approximately 2 moles of water per mole of Compound 1.
The theoretical water content of a dihydrate of Compound 1 is 10.2 % by weight, matching the
TGA weight loss observed. In certain embodiments, the crystalline form is a dihydrated form of
Compound 1.
In one embodiment, provided herein is a crystalline form of Compound 1 having a
SDTA thermogram as depicted in comprising an endothermic event between about
50 °C and about 140 °C with a maximum at about 80 °C when heated from approximately 25 °C
to approximately 300 °C (see Table 24).
In one ment, provided herein is a lline form of Compound 1 having a
SDTA thermogram as depicted in comprising an exothermic event between about
160 °C and about 200 °C with a maximum at about 181 °C when heated from approximately
°C to approximately 300 °C (see Table 24).
In one embodiment, provided herein is a crystalline form of nd 1 having a
SDTA thermogram as depicted in comprising an endothermic event between about
225 °C and about 275 °C with a maximum at about 251 °C when heated from approximately
°C to approximately 300 °C (see Table 24).
In still another embodiment, Form 5 of Compound 1 is substantially pure. In
n embodiments, the substantially pure Form 5 of Compound 1 is substantially free of other
solid forms, e.g., amorphous form. In n embodiments, the purity of the substantially pure
Form 5 of Compound 1 is no less than about 95% pure, no less than about 96% pure, no less than
about 97% pure, no less than about 98% pure, no less than about 98.5% pure, no less than about
99% pure, no less than about 99.5% pure, or no less than about 99.8% pure.
.3.6 Amorphous Compound 1
In certain embodiments, ed herein is amorphous Compound 1.
In n embodiments, provided herein are methods for making amorphous
Compound 1, comprising 1) equilibrating the temperature of a sample of one of the solid forms
of Compound 1 provided herein at room temperature; 2) heating the sample to a first temperature
at a first rate; 3) holding the sample isothermally for a period of time; 4) cooling the sample to a
second temperature at a second rate; 5) heating the sample to a third temperature at about a third
rate; and 6) ting remaining solids. In one embodiment, the sample is Form 1 of Compound
1. In one embodiment, the first temperature is higher than the melting point of one of the solid
forms of Compound 1 provided herein. In one embodiment, the second temperature is lower
than room temperature. In another embodiment, the third temperature is higher than the glass
transition temperature of the ous solid form of Compound 1 provided herein. In another
embodiment, the first and third rates are about 10 ºC/min and the second rate is about 30 ºC/min,
independently from each other. In one embodiment, the period of time at which the sample is
held isothermally is about 5 minutes.
In certain embodiments, ed herein are methods for making amorphous
Compound 1, comprising 1) brating the temperature of a sample of Form 1 at about 25 ºC;
2) heating the sample to about 275 ºC at a rate of about 10 ºC/min; 3) holding the sample
isothermally for about 5 minutes; 4) cooling the sample to about -10 ºC at a rate of about 30
ºC/min; 5) g the sample to about 150 ºC at about 10 ºC at a rate of about 10 ºC/min; and 6)
ting remaining solids.
In one embodiment, ous Compound 1 has a glass transition temperature
(Tg) at about 120 ºC.
In one embodiment, ous Compound 1 has an X-ray powder diffraction
pattern substantially as shown in .
In one embodiment, provided herein is an ous solid form of Compound 1
having a DSC thermogram as depicted in comprising an endothermic event between
about 160 °C and about 200 °C with a maximum at about 188.1 °C when heated from
approximately 25 °C to approximately 300 °C (see ).
In still another embodiment, ous Compound 1 is substantially pure. In
certain embodiments, the substantially pure amorphous Compound 1 is substantially free of other
solid forms, e.g., Form 1, Form 2, Form 3, Form 4 or Form 5. In certain embodiments, the
purity of the substantially pure amorphous Compound 1 is no less than about 95% pure, no less
than about 96% pure, no less than about 97% pure, no less than about 98% pure, no less than
about 98.5% pure, no less than about 99% pure, no less than about 99.5% pure, or no less than
about 99.8% pure.
.4 METHODS OF USE
Provided herein are methods for treating or preventing a cancer, comprising
administering a solid form of Compound 1 provided herein or a pharmaceutical composition
thereof to a patient having a cancer.
In some embodiments, the cancer is an ed unresectable solid tumor, or a
hematologic malignancy. For example, the hematologic malignancy is CLL, NHL, or MM. In
some such embodiments, the cancer has progressed on standard anti-cancer therapy, or the
t is not able to tolerate standard anti-cancer therapy. In yet others, the cancer is a cancer
for which no approved therapy exists. In some embodiments, the cancer is resistant to standard
therapy. In another, the patient has relapsed after rd therapy. In one embodiment, the
cancer is a neoplasm metastasis.
In certain embodiments, the cancer is a bloodborne tumor.
] In certain embodiments, the cancer is a ma, a leukemia or a multiple
myeloma.
] In certain embodiments, the cancer is non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. In certain
embodiments, the non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma is diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL),
ular lymphoma (FL), acute myeloid leukemia (AML), mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), or
ALK+ anaplastic large cell lymphoma. In one ment, the non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma is
advanced solid non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. In one embodiment, the non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma is
diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL).
In certain embodiments, the cancer is a B-cell lymphoma.
In certain ments, the B-cell lymphoma is a B-cell non-Hodgkin’s
lymphoma selected from diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, Burkitt’s lymphoma/leukemia, mantle
cell lymphoma, mediastinal (thymic) large B-cell lymphoma, follicular lymphoma, marginal
zone ma ding extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma and nodal marginal zone
B-cell lymphoma), lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma/Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia. In some
embodiments, the B-cell lymphoma is c lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic
lymphoma LL). In one embodiment, the B-cell lymphoma is Waldenstrom
macroglobulinemia.
] In one embodiment, the B-cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma is refractory B-cell non-
n’s lymphoma. In one embodiment, the B-cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma is relapsed B-
cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma.
In certain embodiments, the cancer is a T-cell lymphoma.
The B-cell disorders c lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma
(CLL/SLL) represent 2 ends of a spectrum of the same disease process differing in the degree of
blood/marrow involvement (CLL) versus lymph node involvement (SLL).
In another embodiment, the cancer is CLL characterized by deletion of
chromosome 11q22, loss of ATM expression, mutation of IgVH, wild type IgVH, wild type
p53/ATM, mutation of p53 or dysfunctional p53.
In other embodiments, the cancer is a multiple myeloma.
In certain ments, the cancer is a cancer of the head, neck, eye, mouth,
throat, esophagus, bronchus, larynx, pharynx, chest, bone, lung, colon, , stomach,
prostate, urinary bladder, uterine, cervix, breast, ovaries, testicles or other reproductive organs,
skin, thyroid, blood, lymph nodes, kidney, liver, pancreas, and brain or central nervous system.
In other embodiments, the cancer is a solid tumor. In certain embodiments, the
solid tumor is a relapsed or refractory solid tumor.
In one embodiment, the solid tumor is a neuroendocrine tumor. In certain
ments, the neuroendocrine tumor is a neuroendocrine tumor of gut origin. In certain
ments, the neuroendocrine tumor is of non-pancreatic . In certain embodiments, the
ndocrine tumor is non-pancreatic of gut origin. In certain embodiments, the
neuroendocrine tumor is of unknown primary origin. In certain embodiments, the
ndocrine tumor is a symptomatic endocrine producing tumor or a nonfunctional tumor. In
n embodiments, the neuroendocrine tumor is locally unresectable, metastatic moderate,
well differentiated, low (grade 1) or intermediate (grade 2). In n embodiments, the
neuroendocrine tumor is of non-gut origin. In one embodiment, the ndocrine tumor of
non-gut origin, is rapamycin resistant. In one embodiment, the neuroendocrine tumor of non-gut
origin is a bronchial neuroendocrine tumor, or a neuroendocrine tumor with origin in an organ
above the diaphragm, for example, a laryngeal neuroendocrine tumor, a pharyngeal
neuroendocrine tumor, or a thyroid neuroendocrine tumor. In one embodiment, the
neuroendocrine tumor of non-gut origin is a symptomatic ine producing tumor or a
nonfunctional tumor. In one embodiment, the neuroendocrine tumor of non-gut origin is locally
unresectable, metastatic moderate, well differentiated, low (grade 1) or intermediate (grade 2).
In one embodiment, the solid tumor is non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
In another embodiments the solid tumor is glioblastoma multiforme (GBM).
In another embodiment, the solid tumor is hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
In another embodiment, the solid tumor is breast cancer. In one embodiment, the
breast cancer is hormone receptor positive. In one embodiment, the breast cancer is estrogen
receptor ve (ER+, ER+/Her2 or ER+/Her2+). In one embodiment, the breast cancer is
estrogen or negative (ER-/Her2+). In one embodiment, the breast cancer is triple negative
(TN) (breast cancer that does not s the genes and/or protein corresponding to the estrogen
receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and that does not overexpress the Her2/neu protein).
In one embodiment, the solid tumor is an advanced solid tumor.
In another embodiment, the cancer is head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.
In another embodiment, the cancer is E-twenty six (ETS) overexpressing
castration-resistant prostate cancer.
In another embodiment, the cancer is E-twenty six (ETS) overexpressing Ewings
sarcoma.
In another embodiment, the cancer is head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
(HNSCC) characterized by deletion of chromosome 11q22 or loss of ataxia telangiectasia
mutated (ATM) expression.
In another embodiment, the cancer is glioblastoma multiforme (GBM)
characterized by hylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) methylation.
In other embodiments, the cancer is a cancer associated with the pathways
involving mTOR, PI3K, or Akt kinases and mutants or isoforms thereof. Other s within
the scope of the methods provided herein e those associated with the pathways of the
following kinases: PI3K, PI3K, PI3K, KDR, GSK3, GSK3, ATM, ATX, ATR, cFMS,
and/or DNA-PK kinases and s or isoforms thereof. In some embodiments, the cancers
ated with mTOR/ PI3K/Akt ys e solid and borne tumors, for example,
multiple myeloma, mantle cell lymphoma, diffused large B-cell lymphoma, acute myeloid
lymphoma, follicular lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia; and solid tumors, for example,
, lung, endometrial, ovarian, gastric, cervical, and prostate cancer; glioblastoma; renal
carcinoma; hepatocellular carcinoma; colon carcinoma; ndocrine tumors; head and neck
tumors; and sarcomas, such as Ewing’s sarcoma.
In certain embodiments, provided herein are methods for achieving a Response
Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (for example, RECIST 1.1) of complete response, l
response or stable e in a patient having a solid tumor, comprising administering a solid
form of Compound 1 provided herein or a pharmaceutical composition thereof to said patient. In
certain embodiments, ed herein are methods for achieving a National Cancer Institute-
Sponsored Working Group on Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (NCI-WG CLL) of complete
response, partial response or stable disease in a patient having leukemia, comprising
administering a solid form of Compound 1 ed herein or a pharmaceutical composition
thereof to said patient. In certain embodiments, provided herein are methods for achieving a
Prostate Cancer Working Group 2 ) Criteria of complete response, l response or
stable disease in a patient having prostate cancer, comprising administering a solid form of
Compound 1 provided herein or a pharmaceutical ition thereof to said patient. In certain
embodiments, provided herein are methods for achieving an International Workshop Criteria
(IWC) for non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma of complete response, l response or stable disease in a
t having dgkin’s lymphoma, comprising administering a solid form of Compound 1
provided herein or a pharmaceutical composition thereof to said patient. In certain
embodiments, provided herein are methods for ing an International m Response
Criteria (IURC) for multiple myeloma of complete response, l response or stable disease in
a patient having multiple myeloma, comprising administering a solid form of Compound 1
provided herein or a pharmaceutical composition thereof to said patient. In certain
embodiments, provided herein are methods for achieving a Responses Assessment for Neuro-
Oncology (RANO) Working Group for glioblastoma multiforme of te response, partial
response or stable disease in a patient having glioblastoma multiforme, comprising stering
a solid form of Compound 1 provided herein or a pharmaceutical composition thereof to said
patient.
In certain embodiments, provided herein are methods for increasing al
t disease progression of a t having a cancer, comprising administering a solid form
of Compound 1 provided herein or a ceutical composition thereof to said patient.
In certain ments, provided herein are methods for treating a cancer, the
methods comprising administering a solid form of Compound 1 provided herein or a
ceutical composition thereof to a patient having a cancer, wherein the treatment results in
prevention or retarding of clinical progression, such as cancer-related cachexia or increased pain.
In some embodiments, provided herein are methods for treating a cancer, the
methods comprising administering a solid form of Compound 1 provided herein or a
ceutical composition thereof to a patient having a cancer, wherein the treatment results in
one or more of inhibition of e progression, increased Time To Progression (TTP),
increased Progression Free Survival (PFS), and/or increased Overall Survival (OS), among
.5 PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITIONS
Solid forms of Compound 1 provided herein are useful for the preparation of
pharmaceutical compositions, comprising an effective amount of a solid form of Compound 1
and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or e. In some ments, the pharmaceutical
compositions described herein are suitable for oral, parenteral, mucosal, transdermal or topical
administration.
In one embodiment, the pharmaceutical compositions provided herein comprise a
solid form of Compound 1 and one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients or carriers.
In one embodiment, the pharmaceutical compositions provided herein comprise Form 1 of
Compound 1 and one or more ceutically acceptable excipients or carriers. In one
embodiment, the pharmaceutical compositions provided herein comprise Form 2 of Compound 1
and one or more pharmaceutically able excipients or carriers. In one embodiment, the
pharmaceutical compositions provided herein comprise Form 3 of nd 1 and one or more
pharmaceutically acceptable excipients or rs. In one ment, the pharmaceutical
compositions provided herein comprise Form 4 of Compound 1 and one or more
pharmaceutically acceptable excipients or carriers. In one embodiment, the pharmaceutical
compositions provided herein comprise Form 5 of Compound 1 and one or more
pharmaceutically able excipients or carriers. In one embodiment, the pharmaceutical
compositions provided herein se amorphous nd 1 and one or more
pharmaceutically acceptable excipients or carriers. In one ment, the pharmaceutical
compositions provided herein comprise one or more of the following solid forms or solid form
combinations: Form 1, Form 2, Form 3, Form 4, Form 5 and amorphous form of Compound 1
and one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients or carriers.
In one embodiment, the pharmaceutical compositions provided herein comprise
tautomers of one or more solid forms of Compound 1 and one or more pharmaceutically
acceptable excipients or carriers.
In one embodiment, the pharmaceutically acceptable excipients and carriers are
selected from binders, diluents, disintegrants and lubricants. In r embodiment, the
pharmaceutically acceptable excipients and carriers further include one or more antioxidants
(e.g.¸ EDTA or BHT).
In certain embodiments, the binders include, but are not limited to, cellulose
(e.g., microcrystalline cellulose, such as AVICEL® PH 101, AVICEL® PH112, and AVICEL®
PH 102) and starch (e.g., pregelatinized starch (STARCH 1500®)). In one embodiment, the
binder is cellulose. In another embodiment, the binder is rystalline cellulose. In yet
another embodiment, the binder is AVICEL® PH 101. In yet another embodiment, the binder is
AVICEL® PH 102. In yet another embodiment, the binder is starch. In yet another
embodiment, the binder is pregelatinized starch. In still r embodiment, the binder is
STARCH 1500®.
In certain embodiments, the diluents include, but are not limited to, lactose
(e.g., lactose monohydrate (FAST FLO® 316) and lactose anhydrous), cellulose
(e.g., microcrystalline ose, such as AVICEL® PH 101 and AVICEL® PH 102) , and
mannitol. In one embodiment, the diluent is lactose. In another ment, the diluent is
e monohydrate. In yet another embodiment, the diluent is FAST FLO® 316. In yet
another embodiment, the t is lactose anhydrous. In yet another ment, the diluent is
cellulose. In yet another embodiment, the diluent is microcrystalline cellulose. In yet another
embodiment, the diluent is ® PH 101. In still another embodiment, the diluent is
AVICEL® PH 102).
In certain embodiments, the disintegrants include, but are not d to, starch
(e.g., corn starch) and carboxymethyl cellulose (e.g., croscarmellose sodium, such as
AC-DI-SOL®), and sodium starch glycolate. In one embodiment, the disintegrant is starch. In
another ment, the disintegrant is corn starch. In yet another embodiment, the
disintegrant is carboxymethyl cellulose. In yet another embodiment, the disintegrant is
croscarmellose sodium. In still another embodiment, the egrant is AC-DI-SOL®.
] In certain embodiments, the lubricants include, but are not limited to, starch
(e.g., corn starch), magnesium stearate, and stearic acid. In one ment, the lubricant is
starch. In r embodiment, the lubricant is corn starch. In yet another embodiment, the
lubricant is magnesium stearate. In still another embodiment, the lubricant is stearic acid.
In another embodiment, the pharmaceutical compositions provided herein
comprise a solid form of Compound 1 and one or more pharmaceutically able ents
or carriers, each independently selected from carboxymethyl cellulose, cellulose, lactose,
magnesium te, starch, and stearic acid.
In one embodiment, the pharmaceutical compositions provided herein comprise
about 2.5-10% by weight of a solid form of Compound 1, about 70-90% by weight of
diluent(s)/binder(s), about 1-5% by weight of disintegrant(s), and about 0.1-2% by weight of
lubricant(s).
In another ment, the pharmaceutical compositions provided herein
comprise about 10% by weight of a solid form of Compound 1, about 59.85% by weight of
mannitol, about 25% by weight of microcrystalline cellulose, about 3% by weight of sodium
starch glycolate, about 1% by weight of silicon dioxide, about 0.5% by weight of c acid,
and about 0.65% by weight of magnesium stearate.
In another embodiment, the pharmaceutical compositions provided herein
se about 10% by weight of a solid form of Compound 1, about 59.45% by weight of
mannitol, about 25% by weight of microcrystalline cellulose, about 3% by weight of sodium
starch glycolate, about 1% by weight of silicon dioxide, about 0.5% by weight of stearic acid,
about 0.4% BHT, and about 0.65% by weight of magnesium stearate.
In another embodiment, the pharmaceutical compositions provided herein
se about 10% by weight of a solid form of Compound 1, about 59.35% by weight of
mannitol, about 25% by weight of microcrystalline ose, about 3% by weight of sodium
starch glycolate, about 1% by weight of silicon dioxide, about 0.5% by weight of stearic acid,
about 0.5% disodium EDTA, and about 0.65% by weight of magnesium stearate.
In r embodiment, the pharmaceutical compositions provided herein
comprise about 10% by weight of a solid form of Compound 1, about 58.95% by weight of
mannitol, about 25% by weight of rystalline cellulose, about 3% by weight of sodium
starch glycolate, about 1% by weight of silicon dioxide, about 0.5% by weight of stearic acid,
about 0.5% disodium EDTA, about 0.4% BHT, and about 0.65% by weight of ium
stearate.
In certain embodiments, provided herein are pharmaceutical compositions
comprising an opaque coating. Without being limited by theory, it was found that a more opaque
coating protected the drug product from degradation. In some embodiments, the pharmaceutical
composition is ated as a tablet. In some such embodiments, the tablet is film coated. In
some embodiments, the tablet is film coated to a weight gain of 1-8%. In others, the film coating
is about 5% by weight of the .
In certain embodiments, provided herein are pharmaceutical compositions,
wherein the amounts of the recited components can independently be varied by 1%, 2%, 3%,
4%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 15%, 20% or 25%.
The pharmaceutical compositions provided herein can be provided in a unitdosage
form or multiple-dosage form. A unit-dosage form, as used herein, refers to physically
discrete unit suitable for administration to a human and animal subject, and packaged
individually as is known in the art. Each unit-dose contains a predetermined ty of an
active ient(s) sufficient to produce the desired eutic effect, in association with the
required pharmaceutical carriers or excipients. Examples of a unit-dosage form include an
individually packaged tablet or capsule. A unit-dosage form may be administered in fractions or
multiples thereof. A le-dosage form is a plurality of identical unit-dosage forms packaged
in a single container to be administered in ated unit-dosage form.
In another embodiment, ed herein are unit dosage formulations that
comprise between about 0.1 mg and about 2000 mg, about 1 mg and 200 mg, about 35 mg and
about 1400 mg, about 125 mg and about 1000 mg, about 250 mg and about 1000 mg, or about
500 mg and about 1000 mg solid form of Compound 1, or a solid form thereof.
In a particular embodiment, provided herein are unit dosage formulation
sing about 0.1 mg, about 0.25 mg, about 0.5 mg, about 1 mg, about 2 mg, about 2.5 mg,
about 5 mg, about 7.5 mg, about 8 mg, about 10 mg, about 15 mg, about 20 mg, about 25 mg,
about 30 mg, about 35 mg, about 40 mg, about 45 mg, about 50 mg, about 60 mg, about 70 mg,
about 75 mg, about 100 mg, about 125 mg, about 140 mg, about 150 mg, about 175 mg, about
200 mg, about 250 mg, about 280 mg, about 300 mg, about 350 mg, about 400 mg, about 500
mg, about 560 mg, about 600 mg, about 700 mg, about 750 mg, about 800 mg, about 1000 mg or
about 1400 mg of a solid form of Compound 1. In a particular embodiment, provided herein are
unit dosage ations that comprise about 2.5 mg, about 5 mg, about 7.5 mg, about 8 mg,
about 10 mg, about 15 mg, about 20 mg, about 25 mg, about 30 mg, about 40 mg, about 45 mg,
about 50 mg, about 60 mg or about 100 mg of a solid form of Compound 1 or a tautomer thereof.
In a particular embodiment, provided herein are unit dosage formulations that comprise about 1
mg, about 2 mg, about 5 mg, about 7.5 mg and about 10 mg.
In some embodiments, a unit dosage form comprising Compound 1, or a tautomer
thereof can be administered once daily (QD), twice daily (BID), three times daily, four times
daily or more often.
In certain embodiments, provided herein are methods for preparing a composition
provided herein, comprising: (i) weighing out the desired amount of a solid form of Compound
1 (e.g., Form 1, Form 2, Form 3, Form 4, Form 5 or amorphous) and the desired amount of
excipients (such as e monohydrate, croscarmellose sodium and/or microcrystalline
cellulose); (ii) mixing or blending the solid form of nd 1 and the excipients; (iii) g
the mixture of the solid form of Compound 1 and excipients through a screen (such as a 25 mesh
); (iv) mixing or blending the solid form of Compound 1 and the excipients after passage
through the screen; (v) weighing out the desired amount of lubricating agents (such as stearic
acid and magnesium stearate); (vi) passing the lubricating agents through a screen (such as a
mesh ); (vii) mixing or blending the solid form of Compound 1, the excipients and the
lubricating ; (viii) compressing the mixture of the solid form of Compound 1, the
excipients and the lubricating agents (such as into a tablet form); and optionally (ix) coating the
compressed mixture of the solid form of Compound 1 thereof, the excipients and the lubricating
agents with a coating agent (such as Opadry pink, yellow or . In certain ments, the
methods for ing a composition provided herein are d out in the dark, under yellow
light or in the absence of UV light.
In certain embodiments, the pharmaceutical compositions provided herein
comprise Form 1 of Compound 1, including substantially pure Form 1.
In certain embodiments, the pharmaceutical compositions provided herein
comprise Form 2 of nd 1, including substantially pure Form 2.
In certain embodiments, the pharmaceutical compositions provided herein
comprise Form 3 of Compound 1, including substantially pure Form 3.
In certain embodiments, the pharmaceutical compositions provided herein
comprise Form 4 of Compound 1, including substantially pure Form 4.
In certain embodiments, the ceutical compositions provided herein
comprise Form 5 of Compound 1, including substantially pure Form 5.
In certain embodiments, the pharmaceutical compositions provided herein
comprise amorphous Compound 1, including ntially pure amorphous Compound 1.
6. EXAMPLES
The following es are presented by way of illustration, not limitation. The
following abbreviations are used in descriptions and examples:
2MXETOH: oxyethanol
AAC: Accelerated aging conditions (48 hours at 40 °C and 75% RH)
ACN: Acetonitril
Am: ous
AmPhos: p-Dimethylamino phenylditbutylphosphine
API: Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient
AS: ID for anti-solvent crystallization experiment
Boc: tert-Butoxycarbonyl
dba: Dibenzylidene acetone
DCM: Dichloromethane
DIPEA: N,N-Diisopropylethylamine
DMF: N,N-Dimethylformide
DMSO: Dimethylsulfoxide
DSC: Differential Scanning metry
ECP: ID for ative experiment
EDTA: Ethylenediamine tetraacetate
ESI: Electronspray ionization
EtOH: Ethanol
FTIR: Fourier Transform Infra Red Spectroscopy
GRP: Grinding experiment
HF: ID for ltration crystallization experiment
HPLC: High performance liquid chromatography
IPA: 2-Propanol
LCMS: Liquid Chromatography with Mass Spectroscopy
MeOH: Methanol
mp: Melting point
MS: Mass spectrometry
Ms: Mesylate or methanesulfonyl
MTBE: tert-Butyl methyl ether
MTBE: methyl utyl ether
NBS: N-Bromosuccinimide
NMP: N-Methylpyrrolidone
NMP: N-methylpyrrolidinone
NMR: Nuclear magnetic resonance
PSU: ID for cooling-evaporative crystallization experiment
QSA: ID for Phase 1 experiments
RH: Relative Humidity
RT: Room Temperature
S: Solvent
SDTA: Single Differential Thermal Analysis
SLP: ID for slurry experiment
SM: ng material
TA: Thermal Analysis
TCP: ID for thermocycling and reflux experiment
Tf: triflate or trifluoromethanesulfonyl
TFA: oroacetic acid
TFE: 2,2,2-Trifluoroethanol
TGA: Thermogravimetric is
TGA-MS/TG-MS: gravimetric Analysis coupled with Mass Spectroscopy
THF: Tetrahydrofuran
TLC: Thin layer chromatography
VDL: ID for vapor diffusion into solutions experiment
VDS: ID for vapor diffusion onto solids experiment
XRPD: X-Ray Powder Diffraction
6.1 SOLID FORMS
6.1.1 Polymorph Screen
A polymorph screen of Compound 1 was performed to investigate whether
different solid forms could be ted under various conditions, such as different solvents,
ature and humidity changes.
] The solvents used in the polymorph screen were either HPLC or reagent grade,
including acetone, acetonitrile (ACN), n-butanol (n-BuOH), absolute ethanol (EtOH),
ethanol/water (1:1), methanol (MeOH), 2-propanol (IPA), ethyl acetate (EtOAc), methylene
chloride (DCM), methyl ethyl ketone (MEK), methyl t-butyl ether (MTBE), heptane, toluene,
tetrahydrofuran (THF), dimethyl sufoxide (DMSO), N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP),
N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) and water.
All of the solid samples generated in the polymorph screen were analyzed by
XRPD. XRPD analysis was conducted on a Crystallics T2 high-throughput X-ray powder
diffractometer using Cu K radiation at 1.54 Å. The instrument was equipped with a fine focus
X-ray tube. The voltage and ge of the X-ray generator were set at 45 kV and 40 mA,
respectively. The divergence slits were set at 4 mm and 2 mm and the measuring slits were set at
0.5 mm and 0.2 mm. Diffracted radiation was measured using a Peltier-cooled Si (Li) solid-state
or. A theta-two theta continuous scan at 2.40 º/minutes (0.5 sec/0.02 º step) from 1.5 ° to
41.5 ° 2 was used. A sintered alumina standard was used to check the peak positions.
DSC analyses were med on a DSC822e instrument er-Toledo GmbH,
Switzerland). Indium was used as the calibration standard. Approximately 2-5 mg of sample
was placed into a DSC pan. The sample was heated under nitrogen at a rate of 10 C/min, up to
a final temperature of 300 C. Melting points were reported as the extrapolated onset
temperatures.
TGA analyses were performed on a TA instrument Q5000 gravimetric
Analyzer. Calcium oxalate was used for a mance check. Approximately 5-20 mg of
accurately weighed sample was placed on a pan and loaded into the TGA furnace. The sample
was heated under nitrogen at a rate of 10 C/min, up to a final temperature of 300 C.
TGA/SDTA analyses were performed on a TGA/SDTA851e instrument (Mettler-
Toledo GmbH, Switzerland). The TA851e instrument was ated for temperature
with indium and aluminium. Samples were weighed into 100 µl aluminium crucibles and sealed.
The seals were pin-holed and the crucibles heated in the TGA from 25 to 300 °C at a heating rate
of 10 °C/min. Dry N2 gas was used for purging.
logy analysis of the s was carried out on an Olympus microscope.
Small amounts of samples were dispersed in mineral oil on a glass slide with cover slips and
viewed with 20x or 50x magnification.
Hygroscopicity was determined on a Surface ement Systems DVS.
Typically a sample size of 2-10 mg was loaded into the DVS instrument sample pan and the
sample was analyzed on a DVS automated sorption analyzer at room temperature. The ve
humidity was increased from 0 % to 90 % RH at 10% RH step then 95 % RH. The relative
humidity was then decreased in a similar manner to accomplish a full adsorption/desorption
cycle. For selected hydrated forms, the analysis started at 50 % RH and increased to 90 % RH at
% RH step. The relative humidity was then decreased in a r manner to 0 % RH
followed by increasing to 50 % RH.
High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) was performed according to
the conditions in Table 1 and gradient program in Table 2.
Table 1. High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) emental
conditions
Manufacturer Agilent
HPLC HP1200sl
UV-detector HP DAD
MS-detector HP1100 API-ES MSD VL-type
Column Waters Sunfire C18 (100 x 4.6mm; 3.5µm)
Column Temperature 35 °C
Mobile Phase A 10 mM ammonium acetate
Mobile Phase B Acetonitrile 100%
Flow Rate 1.0 ml/min
Post time 1 min
ector DAD
Range 200 – 400 nm
Wavelength 254 nm
Slit width 4 nm
Time 0-20 min
MS-Detector MSD
Scan positive
Mass Range 70 – 1000 amu
Fragmentator 70
Time 0-12 min
Autosampler:
ature Not controlled
Injection mode loop
Injection volume 5 µL
Needle wash 2/3; ACN/H2O (v/v)
Dilution solvent 0.1% TFA water/acetonitrile (v/v=50/50)
Table 2. High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) experiemental
gradient program
Time (mins) % A % B
0 90 10
16 10 90
10 90
21 90 10
The compound integrity is expressed as a peak-area percentage, calculated from
the area of each peak in the chromatogram, except the ‘injection peak’, and the total peak-area,
as follows:
peak area
peak area % 100 %
total area
The peak-area percentage of the compound of interest is employed as an
indication of the purity of the component in the sample.
l16® le-reactor system (Avantium Technologies) holds 16 (4 x 4)
rd HPLC glass vials (11.5 mm diameter, flat bottomed, 1.8 mL volume). A unit consists
of four independently heated aluminum reactor blocks d in a robust bench top setup.
These blocks are electrically heated and cooled by a combination of Peltier elements and a
cryostat. In order to prevent condensation of water on the reactor blocks and electronics during
runs at temperatures below 10 °C, the Crystal16® system provides an inlet for a dry purge gas
(typically nitrogen). Operating Parameters are provided in Table 3.
Table 3. Operating Parameters of l16® multiple-reactor system
Temperature range -15 °C to 150 °C
Heating/cooling Individually programmable per reactor block
Temperature profile Unlimited heating/cooling/hold steps per run
programmable
Temperature l cy 0.1 °C
Heating/cooling ramps Programmable between 0 °C and 20 °C/min
Stirrer speed (magnetic stirrer bars) Programmable from 0 - 1250 rpm
Turbidity ement Per individual reactor in transmission
6.1.2 Experiments and Methods
6.1.2.1 Solubility experiment:
In order to select the screening solvents and to determine the concentration range
to be used in the , a quantitative solubility assessment was performed on the ng
material, Form 1 of Compound 1. A set of 15 solvents was analyzed. For each solvent, a
standard 1.8 ml screw cap vial was loaded with about 30 mg of the starting material, Form 1 of
Compound 1, 400 µL of solvent and a magnetic stirring bar. The vials were then closed and
equilibrated at 25 °C for 24 h while stirring. The resulting mixtures (slurries) were filtered
(0.5 micron) and the isolated mother liquors diluted to two dilutions selected according to the
calibration curve. Quantities of Compound 1 in the diluted solutions were determined via HPLC
analysis. The calibration curve was obtained from two independently prepared stock solutions of
nd 1 in 0.1% TFA in Acetonitrile (50:50).
] Subsequent to the solubility determination, the wet solids were harvested and
analyzed by XRPD. er, the residual solvent was evaporated from each vial (slurry) under
vacuum at ambient temperature. All of the resulting residues were analyzed by XRPD to check
for new (crystalline) forms.
In addition to the solubility determination, 15 slurry experiments of Form 1 of
Compound 1 were performed with at 50°C for 24 hours in 15 solvents (same 15 ts). Table
4 summarizes the experimental conditions. At the end of the slurry time, the solids were
separated from the solutions by centrifugation, harvested wet and dried and analyzed by XRPD
and digital imaging.
Table 4: Experimental conditions for 30 slurry conversion experiments, combined
with solubility ination
Sample Mass t
Solvent Dissolved Temperature (oC)
(mg) Volume (µL)
1,2-Ethanediol 32.9 400 No 25
1,4-Dioxane 33.0 400 No 25
Diethyl Ether 33.5 400 No 25
Chloroform 31.1 400 No 25
2-Methoxyethanol 29.3 400 No 25
Cyclohexane 30.3 400 No 25
p-Xylene 27.5 400 No 25
Cumene 29.7 400 No 25
Isopropyl Acetate 29.2 400 No 25
Anisole 30.8 400 No 25
Ethyl formate 32.7 400 No 25
1-Propanol 29.8 400 No 25
Sample Mass Solvent
Solvent Dissolved Temperature (oC)
(mg) Volume (µL)
1,2-Dimethoxyethane 30.4 400 No 25
2-Butanone 28.6 400 No 25
Acetonitrile 30.8 400 No 25
1,2-Ethanediol 46.5 400 No 50
1,4-Dioxane 48.4 400 No 50
Diethyl Ether 51.0 400 No 50
Chloroform 53.0 400 No 50
2-Methoxyethanol 50.0 400 No 50
cyclohexane 51.9 400 No 50
p-Xylene 41.7 400 No 50
Cumene 47.4 400 No 50
Isopropyl Acetate 48.1 400 No 50
Anisole 51.3 400 No 50
Ethyl formate 50.7 400 No 50
anol 48.2 400 No 50
1,2-Dimethoxyethane 51.5 400 No 50
2-Butanone 46.5 400 No 50
Acetonitrile 55.9 400 No 50
6.1.2.2 Feasibility study
The experimental conditions of the feasibility study with Compound 1 are
summarized in Table 5. The freeze drying experiments were performed in 1.8 ml vials.
Approximately 20 mg of starting al were weight in a HPLC vial and dissolved in five
different solvent mixtures. The starting al, Form 1, did not ve in THF/water (90/10
or 50/50) and l/water (90/10); therefore these experimental s were not freeze-dried.
Form 1 dissolved in TFE and TFE/water (90/10). These two experimental samples were freezedried
in liquid nitrogen, followed by placing the vials in a freeze-dryer for 24 hours. The
obtained solid was then harvested and analyzed by XRPD and digital imaging.
] Grinding experiments were performed in stainless steel grinding vials, containing
2 stainless steel grinding balls and a frequency of 30Hz. Following the experiments, XRPD
analysis was performed to assess the crystallinity of the materials.
Table 5: Conditions applied for the feasibility study on Form 1
Sample Mass Solvent Solubility
t Dissolved Comments
(mg) Volume (µL) (mg/mL)
THF/water
24.8 1000 <25 No Freeze drying
Ethanol/water
24.2 400 <60 No Freeze drying
(90/10)
THF /Water
.1 1000 <25 No Freeze drying
(50/50)
.7 1000 21 Yes Freeze drying
(90/10)
21.9 TFE 1000 22 Yes Freeze drying
.0 None Grinding 1 hour
.0 None Grinding 2 hours
6.1.2.3 Physical stability study at room temperature and
different RH
Physical stability studies over a prolonged period of time (e.g., 4 weeks) were
conducted in desiccators at defined relative humidity (0%, 50%, 75% and 100%). At regular
intervals (e.g., 3 days, 1 week, 2 weeks, 3 weeks and 4 weeks), the materials were analyzed by
XRPD. To determine if the material absorb water molecules under different relative humidity
levels, four more onal vials were placed in the desiccators to weight them back periodically
and ine the change in mass (see Table 7 and Table 8). The materials used in desiccators
to reach the defined relative ty are presented in Table 6.
Table 6: Preparation of the different humidity ranges
Relative Humidity at RT Method
0% P2O5 (powder)
50% MgNO3 (saturated solution)
75% NaCl (saturated solution)
100% Climate chamber with water vapors
] Table 7: Initial experimental conditions for the four vials used to determine the
water uptake
Relative Humidity Empty vial weight Empty vial weight + Starting material
(mg) Starting material (mg) weight (mg)
0% 2297.5 2318.2 20.7
50% 2314.1 2334.5 20.4
75% 2285.5 2306.3 20.8
100% 2333.3 2354.2 20.9
Table 8: Experimental conditions for the 20 stability tests
Relative humidity Time Starting material weight (mg)
0% 3 days 5.7
1 weeks 4.5
2 weeks 6.2
3 weeks 4.8
4 weeks 6.2
50% 3 days 6.3
1 weeks 5.1
2 weeks 4.6
3 weeks 5.2
4 weeks 5.5
75% 3 days 4.6
1 weeks 4.4
2 weeks 5.4
3 weeks 5.1
4 weeks 5.2
100% 3 days 5.3
1 weeks 5.9
2 weeks 5.6
3 weeks 5.3
4 weeks 6.3
6.1.2.4 Experimental methods of the polymorph screening:
The screening experiments for Compound 1 comprised 96 experiments at
microliter (µL) scale and 125 experiments at milliliter (mL) scale. The following ten
crystallization procedures were applied: g-evaporation, evaporative, cooling crystallization
with hot filtration, crash crystallization with olvent on, slurry conversion, vapor
diffusion into ons, vapor diffusion onto solid, thermocycling, reflux and grinding.
Cooling-evaporative crystallization experiments at µl scale:
The 96 cooling-evaporative experiments at µL scale were performed in well
plates, employing 12 different solvents and 12 mixtures of ts in Table 9 and four
temperature profiles in Table 9. About 4 mg solid dose of Compound 1 was in each well of the
microliter well plate. Subsequently, 80 µL of the screening t was added into the well to
reach a concentration of 50 mg/ml.
] The plates, with each well individually sealed, were placed in a Crystal Breeder to
undergo a temperature profile as described in Table 10. The plates were placed under vacuum
after completion of the temperature profile. The solvents were evaporated for several days at
200 mbar or 5 mbar and analyzed by XRPD and digital g. Following, the solid samples
were exposed to accelerated aging conditions (2 days at 40 °C/75% RH) and re-analyzed by
XRPD and digital imaging.
Table 9: Experimental conditions for the 96 µl cooling-evaporation experiments
Solvent ature Conditions
1,2-Ethanediol Temperature Temperature Temperature Temperature
Profile #1 Profile #2 Profile #3 Profile #4
Anisole Temperature Temperature ature Temperature
Profile #1 Profile #2 Profile #3 Profile #4
2-Methoxyethanol Temperature Temperature Temperature Temperature
Profile #1 Profile #2 Profile #3 Profile #4
Acetonitrile/Anisole ) Temperature Temperature Temperature Temperature
e #1 Profile #2 Profile #3 e #4
1,2-Dimethoxyethane/1- Temperature Temperature Temperature Temperature
Pentanol (50/50) Profile #1 Profile #2 Profile #3 Profile #4
Isobutanol Temperature Temperature Temperature Temperature
Profile #1 Profile #2 Profile #3 Profile #4
pyl Acetate/2- Temperature Temperature Temperature Temperature
Methoxyethanol (50/50) e #1 Profile #2 Profile #3 Profile #4
Water Temperature Temperature Temperature Temperature
Profile #1 Profile #2 Profile #3 Profile #4
oxane /Water ) Temperature Temperature Temperature Temperature
Profile #1 Profile #2 Profile #3 Profile #4
1,4-Dioxane Temperature ature Temperature Temperature
Profile #1 Profile #2 Profile #3 Profile #4
Water/Ethanol (50/50) Temperature Temperature ature Temperature
Profile #1 Profile #2 Profile #3 Profile #4
pyl Acetate ature Temperature Temperature Temperature
Profile #1 Profile #2 Profile #3 Profile #4
Solvent Temperature Conditions
Water/Methanol ) Temperature Temperature ature Temperature
Profile #1 Profile #2 Profile #3 Profile #4
Acetonitrile Temperature Temperature Temperature Temperature
Profile #1 Profile #2 Profile #3 Profile #4
isopropanol/Tetrahydrofuran ature Temperature Temperature Temperature
) Profile #1 Profile #2 Profile #3 Profile #4
Methanol/Acetonitrile Temperature Temperature Temperature Temperature
(50/50) Profile #1 Profile #2 Profile #3 Profile #4
Tetrahydrofuran/Ethanol Temperature Temperature Temperature Temperature
(50/50) Profile #1 Profile #2 Profile #3 Profile #4
Tetrahydrofuran Temperature Temperature Temperature Temperature
Profile #1 Profile #2 Profile #3 Profile #4
Methanol Temperature Temperature Temperature Temperature
Profile #1 e #2 Profile #3 Profile #4
Tetrahydrofuran/Chloroform Temperature Temperature Temperature Temperature
(50/50) Profile #1 Profile #2 Profile #3 Profile #4
Methanol/Chloroform Temperature Temperature Temperature Temperature
(50/50) Profile #1 e #2 Profile #3 Profile #4
form Temperature Temperature Temperature Temperature
e #1 Profile #2 Profile #3 Profile #4
Acetonitrile/Dichloromethane Temperature Temperature Temperature ature
) Profile #1 Profile #2 Profile #3 Profile #4
Ethyl Formate Temperature Temperature Temperature Temperature
Profile #1 Profile #2 Profile #3 Profile #4
Table 10: ature profiles employed for the 96 cooling-evaporative
ments
ature Tstart (°C) Heating Tmax (°C) Hold Cooling Tend (°C) Age time
profile # rate time rate (h)
(°C/min) (min) (°C/h)
1 20 10.0 60 60 1.0 5 48
2 20 10.0 60 60 20.0 5 3
3 20 10.0 60 60 1.0 20 48
4 20 10.0 60 60 20.0 20 3
6.1.2.5 Cooling crystallization with hot filtration:
The crystallization method with hot filtration comprised 15 solvent mixtures.
aturated solutions were prepared by stirring slurries (see Table 12) at 60 °C for one hour
and then filtering the slurries. All the solutions were then placed in a Crystal16® system to
undergo a cooling profile and aged for 62 h (see Table 11). If solids precipitated after the
temperature profile, they were harvested wet and dried and analyzed by XRPD and digital
imaging. The experiments with no solid after the temperature profile were left to ate
under vacuum. The obtained dry solid samples were analyzed by XRPD and l imaging.
All the solid samples were exposed to accelerated aging conditions (2 days at 40 °C/75% RH)
and re- analyzed by XRPD and digital imaging.
Table 11: g profile employed for the hot filtration experiments
Tinitial (oC) Hold (min) Cooling rate (oC/h) Tfinal(oC) Hold (hrs)
60 60 1 5 62
Table 12: Experimental conditions and results for the hot filtration ments
Exp. No. Stock t description Solvent Starting Solid after
volume (µL) material Temperature
weight (mg) profile
1 Acetonitrile/Ethyl Formate 5000 30.0 No
2 Tetrahydrofuran/Water 2000 30.0 Yes
3 Water/Methanol 5000 30.0 Yes
4 methylformamide 3000 30.0 No
/Cumene
1,4-Dioxane 3000 30.0 Yes
6 Isopropanol/Acetone 5000 30.0 Yes
7 Ethanol/Water 5000 30.0 Yes
8 Ethanol/N-Methyl 2000 30.0 No
pyrrolidone
9 Tetrahydrofuran/1,2- 4000 28.0 Yes
Dimethoxyethane
Dimethyl Sulfoxide/Water 5000 30.0 No
11 Isopropyl Acetate/Diethyl 5000 30.0 No
Ether
12 2-Methoxyethanol 2000 32.0 Yes
/Chloroform
13 Tetrahydrofuran/Acetonitrile 5000 30.0 Yes
14 Anisole/Chloroform 5000 30.0 No
Butanone, 2-/N-Methyl 2000 30.0 No
pyrrolidone
6.1.2.6 Anti-solvent crystallization:
For the crash-crystallization experiments with anti-solvent on, 15 different
crystallization conditions were applied, using the selected solvents and eleven different
anti-solvents (see Table 14). Stock solutions were prepared in each solvent (see Table 13).
These ons were ted with Form 1 of Compound 1 and equilibrated for 24 h before
filtering. The stock solutions were then liquid dosed into the experimental vials, followed by the
anti-solvent on. The anti-solvent was added to each solvent vial with a solvent to antisolvent
ratio of 1:0.25. In the case of no precipitation occurred, this ratio was increased to 1:1 or
1:4 with a waiting time of 60 minutes between the additions. After the last addition the samples
were left stirring at t temperature for 24 hours. The precipitated solids were isolated from
the mother liquor and analyzed wet and dried by XRPD and digital imaging. The samples, in
which no precipitation occurred, were placed under vacuum and the dried solids were analyzed
by XRPD and digital imaging. All the solids were exposed to accelerated aging conditions
(2 days at 40 °C/75% RH) and re-analyzed by XRPD and digital g.
Table 13: Stock on for the anti-solvent addition experiments
Exp. No. Solvent(s) Starting material Solvent Solution
weight (mg) volume (µL) concentration
(mg/mL)
1 Tetrahydrofuran 30 5000 6
2 2-Methoxyethanol 30 5000 6
3 Tetrahydrofuran 30 5000 6
4 ylpyrrolidone 60 500 120
1,4-Dioxane 30 5000 6
6 methylformamide 30 1000 30
7 N-Methylpyrrolidone 60 500 120
8 1,4-Dioxane 30 5000 6
9 N-Methylpyrrolidone 30 500 60
Tetrahydrofuran 30 5000 6
11 2-Methoxyethanol 30 5000 6
12 N,N-Dimethylformamide 30 1000 30
13 Tetrahydrofuran 30 5000 6
14 Dimethyl Sulfoxide 30 500 60
Dimethyl Sulfoxide 30 500 60
Table 14: Results and experimental conditions for the anti-solvent addition
experiments
Exp Solvent Solvent Anti-solvent Starting A* B* C* AS:S
No. volume Material
ratio
(µL) wt (mg)
1 THF 5000 e 30.0 Yes - - 0.25
2 2MXETOH 5000 Cumene 30.0 No No No 4
3 THF 5000 Cyclohexane 30.0 No Yes - 1
4 N-Methyl- 500 Ethyl 60.0 No No Yes 4
2- formate
idone
1,4-Dioxane 5000 p-Xylene 30.0 No No Yes 4
6 DMF 1000 Isopropyl 30.0 No Yes - 1
ether
7 NMP 500 Cyclohexane 60.0 No Yes - 1
8 1,4-Dioxane 5000 Heptane 30.0 No Yes - 1
9 NMP 500 TBME 30.0 No No Yes 4
THF 5000 2,2,4- 30.0 Yes - - 0.25
Trimethyl
pentane
11 2MXETOH 5000 Ethyl acetate 30.0 No No Yes 4
12 DMF 1000 Water 30.0 Yes - - 0.25
13 THF 5000 Water 30.0 No No No 4
14 DMSO 500 Water 30.0 Yes - - 0.25
DMSO 500 Toluene 30.0 No No Yes 4
*A= whether or not any precipitation after addition to 0.25:1 (AS:S); B= r or not any
precipitation after addition to 1:1 (AS:S); C= whether or not any precipitation after addition to
4:1 (AS:S).
6.1.2.7 Slurry conversion experiment:
Experiments were carried out by adding about 30 mg of Form 1 of Compound 1
to 500 µL of a test solvent. The resulting mixture was agitated for at least 24 hours at 25 °C.
Upon ng brium, the saturated supernatant solution was removed. The solid resulting
from the equilibration was filtered and air-dried before analysis.
A total of ten slurry experiments were performed with Form 1 of Compound 1
with ten solvents at ambient temperature for two weeks (see Table 15). After the slurry time, the
solids were ted from the solutions by centrifugation, harvested wet and analyzed by XRPD
and digital imaging. The solids were then exposed to accelerated aging conditions (2 days at
40 °C/75% RH), followed by XRPD re-analysis.
Table 15: Experimental conditions of the slurry experiments
Exp Solvent Solvent volume Starting Concentration Dissolved Solids
No. (µL) Material (mg/mL) at initial after two
wt (mg) temperature weeks
1 Water 500 29.7 59.4 No Yes
2 Methanol / 500 30.0 60 No Yes
Water
(50/50)
3 Ethanol / 500 30.0 60 No Yes
Water
(50/50)
4 itrile 500 30.4 60.8 No Yes
1,2- 500 30.5 61 No Yes
diol
6 Isopropyl 500 31.0 62 No Yes
Acetate
7 p-Xylene 500 30.3 60.6 No Yes
8 2-Butanone 500 29.8 59.6 No Yes
9 Cumene 500 29.8 59.6 No Yes
Anisole 500 30.1 60.2 No Yes
6.1.2.8 Evaporative experiments
The 15 evaporative experiments were done by dissolving Form 1 of Compound 1
in 15 different solvent mixtures in Table 16. The starting material, Form 1 of Compound 1 was
added into solvent and if the starting material did not ve in the solvent comletely, the
mixtures were filtered and then the clear ons were evaporated. The solvents were slowly
evaporated under vacuum (200 mbar or 5 mbar) until dryness to yield solid. The solid was
analyzed by XRPD and digital imaging. The solid was then exposed to rated aging
ions (2 days at 40 °C/75% RH), followed by XRPD re-analysis and digital imaging.
Table 16: Experimental conditions of the evaporative experiments
Exp No. Starting Solvent Solvent Concentration D*
al wt volume (mg/mL)
(mg) (µL)
1 30.2 Ethanol/Chloroform (50/50) 5000 60.4 Yes
2 31.5 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol/Water 5000 63 No
(50/50)
Exp No. Starting Solvent t Concentration D*
Material wt volume (mg/mL)
(mg) (µL)
3 29.8 1,4-Dioxane/Ethyl formate 5000 59.6 No
(50/50)
4 28.7 Methanol/Acetonitrile (50/50) 5000 57.4 No
26.5 Acetonitrile/Chloroform 5000 53 No
(50/50)
6 30.1 Water/Tetrahydrofuran (50/50) 5000 60.2 Yes
7 31 Isopropanol/2-Butanone 5000 62 No
(50/50)
8 29.5 Methanol/1,4-Dioxane (50/50) 5000 59 Yes
9 28.9 2-Methoxyethanol/Isopropyl 5000 57.8 No
Acetate (50/50)
30.4 Ethanol / Water (50/50) 5000 60.8 No
11 29.4 Water / NMP (50/50) 5000 58.8 No
12 29.8 THF / TBME (50/50) 5000 59.6 No
13 30.6 1,4-Dioxane / Water ) 5000 61.2 No
14 28.8 1,2-Ethanediol/THF (50/50) 5000 57.6 Yes
30.1 Acetone/isopropanol (50/50) 5000 60.2 No
*D= whether or not all the starting material ved at initial temperature.
6.1.2.9 Vapor Diffusion into solutions:
For the 15 vapor diffusion into solution ments, saturated solutions of Form
1 of Compound 1 were exposed to solvent vapors at room temperature for two weeks. Stock
ons were prepared in each t. These solutions were saturated with Form 1 of
Compound 1 and equilibrated for 24 h before filtering into a set of 8 ml vials. These vials were
left open and placed in closed 40 ml vials containing 2 ml of anti-solvent (see Table 17). After
two weeks, the samples were d on solid formation. When solid was formed the solid
samples were analyzed wet by XRPD and digital imaging. If no precipitation occurred, the
samples were placed under vacuum and the resuled solid s were analyzed by XRPD and
digital imaging. Subsequently, all the solid samples were exposed to accelerated aging
conditions (2 days at 40 °C/75% RH) , followed by XRPD re-analysis and digital imaging.
] Table 17: Experimental conditions of the vapor diffusion into on
experiments
Exp Starting Solvent Solvent Anti-solvent S*
No. Material wt volume
(mg) (µL)
1 29.8 2-Methoxyethanol 5000 Anisole No
2 30.5 DMF 1000 Acetonitrile Yes
3 30.1 Tetrahydrofuran 5000 Diethyl ether Yes
4 29.9 Dimethyl Sulfoxide 600 Water Yes
29.6 1,4-Dioxane 5000 Cyclohexane No
6 29.9 DMF 1000 n-Pentane No
7 29.7 NMP 600 Ethanol No
8 29.8 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol 1000 Cyclohexane No
9 30.1 NMP 600 Heptane No
29.6 Dimethyl Sulfoxide 500 Isopropyl ether No
11 30.0 2-Methoxyethanol 5000 Acetone No
12 29.9 Tetrahydrofuran 5000 Chloroform No
13 30.4 Dimethyl ide 500 Ethyl acetate No
14 30.5 Tetrahydrofuran 5000 n-Pentane Yes
29.9 1,4-Dioxane 5000 Dichloromethane No
*S= whether or not there is any solid formed after two weeks.
6.1.2.10 Vapor Diffusion onto solids
For the 15 vapor diffusion onto solids experiments, amorphous Compound 1 was
prepared by grinding lline Compound 1 for two hours. The ous material was
transferred into 1.8 ml vials, which were left open and placed in closed 40 ml vials containing
2 ml of solvent (see Table 18). The al was exposed to solvent vapors at room temperature
for two weeks. After that time, the experiments were harvested and analyzed by XRPD and
digital imaging. Following, all the solids were exposed to accelerated aging conditions (40 °C
and 75% RH) for two days, ed by XRPD re-analysis and digital imaging.
Table 18: Experimental conditions of the vapor ion onto solids experiments
Exp ng Solvent Solvent S*
No. Material wt volume
(mg) (µL)
1 30.3 tert-Butyl methyl ether 2000 Yes
2 30.2 1,2-Ethanediol 2000 Yes
3 29.8 Chloroform 2000 Yes
4 30.3 Methanol 2000 Yes
30.0 Ethyl Formate 2000 Yes
6 29.8 Cyclohexane 2000 Yes
7 30.6 Acetonitrile 2000 Yes
8 30.3 Heptane 2000 Yes
9 29.7 isopropyl ether 2000 Yes
29.8 Pentane, n- 2000 Yes
11 30.3 e 2000 Yes
12 29.7 Isobutyl acetate 2000 Yes
13 30.5 2-Ethoxyethanol 2000 Yes
14 30.0 Water 2000 Yes
29.7 Acetone 2000 Yes
* S= whether or not there was any solid left after two weeks.
6.1.2.11 Thermocycling experiments
A total of 15 es of Compound 1 in solvents were prepared at room
temperature (see Table 19). The mixtures were placed in the Crystal Breeder to undergo the
temperature profile as follows: a) heated with a g rate of 5 °C/h until reaching 40 °C;
b) cooled with a cooling rate of 5 °C/h until reaching 5 °C; c) held at 5 °C for 30 min;
d) repeated the cycle 8 times; and e) being stirred at 300 rpm during the temperature profile.
After the completion of the cycling m, the solids were separated from the
liquids and analyzed wet and dried by XRPD and digital imaging. All the solids were then
exposed to accelerated aging conditions (2 days at 40 °C/75% RH), followed by XRPD reanalysis
and digital imaging.
Table 19: Experimental conditions of the thermocycling experiments
Exp Starting Solvent Solvent Concentration Dissolved S*
No. Material volume ) at initial
wt (mg) (µL) temperature
1 29.7 tert-Butyl methyl ether 1000 29.7 No Yes
2 30.8 form 1000 30.8 No Yes
3 29.5 ol 1000 29.5 No Yes
4 29.5 1,2-Dimethoxyethane 1000 29.5 No Yes
29.8 ne 1000 29.8 No Yes
6 29.7 Acetonitrile 1000 29.7 No Yes
7 30.0 Water 1000 30 No Yes
8 29.7 Acetone 1000 29.7 No Yes
9 30.0 1,4-Dioxane 1000 30 No Yes
30.1 1,2-Ethanediol 1000 30.1 No Yes
11 30.5 Ethyl Formate 1000 30.5 No Yes
12 30.6 2-Butanone 1000 30.6 No Yes
13 30.0 Isopropanol 1000 30 No Yes
14 30.3 Tetrahydrofuran 1000 30.3 No Yes
30.1 Cumene 1000 30.1 No Yes
* S= whether or not there was any solid left after the eight cycles.
6.1.2.12 Reflux experiments
In the 15 reflux experiments (see Table 21), the ng material, Form 1 of
Compound 1, was mixed with selected solvents in 1.8 mL vials to give slurries. The slurries
were then kept at a constant temperature (slightly below the corresponding boiling point of the
chosen solvent) for one week and afterwards at 5 °C for two days (see Table 20).
Table 20: Temperature profile (Tprofile) applied to the reflux experiments
Exp Tstart (°C) Heating Tmax (°C) Hold time Cooling Tend (°C) Age time
No. rate (h) rate (h)
(°C/min) (°C/h)
1 25 5 50 168 10 5 48
2 25 5 60 168 10 5 48
Exp Tstart (°C) Heating Tmax (°C) Hold time Cooling Tend (°C) Age time
No. rate (h) rate (h)
(°C/min) (°C/h)
3 25 5 70 168 10 5 48
4 25 5 80 168 10 5 48
After the temperature profile the solids were analyzed wet by XRPD and l
imaging. Then all the solids were exposed to accelerated aging conditions (2 days at 40 °C/75%
RH), followed by XRPD re-analysis and digital imaging.
Table 21: Experimental ions for the reflux ments
Exp Starting Solvent Solvent Concentration ved S*
No. Material volume (mg/mL) at initial
wt (mg) (µL) temperature
1 29.5 Ethyl formate 1000 29.5 No Yes
2 29.7 tert-Butyl methyl ether 1000 29.7 No Yes
3 30.1 Acetone 1000 30.1 No Yes
4 30.0 Methyl acetate 1000 30 No Yes
29.5 Chloroform 1000 29.5 No Yes
6 30.1 Methanol 1000 30.1 No Yes
7 29.8 Tetrahydrofuran 1000 29.8 No Yes
8 30.1 Isopropyl ether 1000 30.1 No Yes
9 29.8 Ethyl e 1000 29.8 No Yes
31.3 2-Methyl 1000 31.3 No Yes
tetrahydrofuran
11 29.5 Ethanol 1000 29.5 No Yes
12 30.6 2-Butanone 1000 30.6 No Yes
13 29.5 Cyclohexane 1000 29.5 No Yes
14 29.5 Acetonitrile 1000 29.5 No Yes
29.5 Isopropanol 1000 29.5 No Yes
*S= whether or not there was any solid left after Tprofile in Table 20.
6.1.2.13 Grinding experiments
In ten grinding experiments (see Table 22), about 30 mg Form 1 of Compound 1
was ground in metal grinding vials charged with two metal grinding balls. Then 10 µl of solvent
was added. The samples were ground for 1 hour with a frequency of 30 Hz.
The ground solids were harvested and analyzed by XRPD and digital imaging.
Then the solids were exposed to accelerated aging conditions (40 °C/75% RH) for two days,
followed by XRPD re-analysis and digital imaging.
Table 22: Experimental conditions for the grinding experiments
Exp Starting Material wt t Solvent volume Concentration
No. (mg) (µL) (mg/mL)
1 29.9 Ethanol 10 2990
2 30.3 1,2-Ethanediol 10 3030
3 30.7 Acetonitrile 10 3070
4 30.0 Isobutanol 10 3000
29.6 Toluene 10 2960
6 29.7 Isopropyl Acetate 10 2970
7 30.6 Anisole 10 3060
8 29.8 Water 10 2980
9 29.9 Acetone 10 2990
30.1 Cumene 10 3010
ed herein are five crystalline forms identified by the polymer screen. Form
1 was found to be a stable anhydrous crystalline form that melts at approximated 268.9 °C.
Form 2, a 1,2-ethanediol mono-solvated form of Compound 1, was prepared at least when
1,2-ethanediol was used as solvent in a slurry conversion experiment. Form 3, a
2,2,2-trifluorotoluene hemi-solvated form of Compound 1, was prepared from at least one
evaporative experiment in TFE/water (50:50). Form 4, a 0.8 molar equivalent DMSO solvated
form of Compound 1, was prepared at least from anti-solvent crystallization by using DMSO as
t and water as anti-solvent. Form 5, a ated form of Compound 1, was ed in
hot-filtration experiments at least when water was used as part of the crystallization solvent. A
summary of the experimental conditions which the new solid forms were ed is presented
in Table 23. A summary of al data of solid forms is presented in Table 24.
Table 23. Summary of experimental conditions of the solid forms
Form Crystallization Method Solvent
Evaporative 1,2-ethanediol
2 Slurry
Thermocycling
ative 2,2,2-trifuoroethanol
Hot-filtration Isopropanol/acetone (50:5)
Vapor diffusion into liquids 2,2,2-trifuoroethanol (s), cyclohexane (AS)
Vapor diffusion onto solids Chloroform
Anti-solvent DMSO (S), water (AS)
4 Anti-solvent DMSO (S), toluene (AS)
Vapor diffusion into liquids DMSO (S), water (AS)
Hot-filtration ter (50:50)
Hot-filtration Water/methanol (50:50)
ltration Water/1,4-dioxane (50:50)
Hot-filtration Ethanol/water (50:50)
olvent THF (S), water (AS)
ative Water/THF (50:50)
Table 24. Physical Characterization of Solid Forms of Compound 1
Physical stability
Purity (% by (existing forms
Form Form Nature Endotherms (°C)
HPLC) after 48 h
40 °C/75% RH)
1 Anhydrate 268.9 99.9 Stable
Solvate
(15.5% of 1,2-ethanediol–
2 95-176 (broad), 264 100 Form 2
1 molecule of 1,2-ethanediol per
molecule of API)
Solvate
3 (12.8% of TFE – 0.5 molecule of 149 (broad), 254 91.7 Form 3
TFE per molecule of API)
Solvate
4 (16.4% of DMSO – 0.8 molecule of 139 (broad), 258 93.6 Forms 1+4
DMSO per molecule of API)
al stability
Purity (% by (existing forms
Form Form Nature Endotherms (°C)
HPLC) after 48 h
40 °C/75% RH)
Hydrate
80 (broad), 181
(9.4% of water – 1.9 molecules of 90.1 Form 5
(exo), 251
water per molecule of API)
6.1.2.14 Form 1
The XRPD pattern, l habit, TGA, SDTA, TGA-MS, HPLC and MS of Form
1 of Compound 1 are shown in FIGs. 2-6.
provides an XRPD pattern of Form 1 of Compound 1. A list of X-Ray
Diffraction Peaks for Form 2 of Compound 1 is ed below in Table 25.
Table 25. X-Ray Diffraction Peaks for Form 1 of Compound 1
Relative
Two-theta angle (°) d Space (Å)
Intensity (%)
7.94 11.12 11.54
9.74 9.07 87.52
11.94 7.4 33.02
.86 5.58 37.83
17.3 5.12 26.24
17.86 4.96 20.51
19.46 4.56 11.69
.14 3.54 79.73
26.42 3.37 25.15
27.06 3.29 44.83
27.98 3.19 26.77
29.38 3.04 10.14
] is a digital image of Form 1 of Compound 1.
FIGs. 4 and 5 provide TGA/SDTA signal and TGA-MS data, respectively, of
Form 1.
The TGA thermogram of Form 1 in does not shows any significant mass
loss when heated from 25 °C to 300 °C. The SDTA data of Form 1 in shows a melting
event at 268.9 °C, corresponding to the melting point of Form 1 of Compound 1.
The TGA thermogram of Form 1 in comprises a total mass loss of
approximately 0.44% of the total mass of the sample between approximately 30 °C and
approximately 250 °C when heated from approximately 25 °C to approximately 300 °C. Thus,
Form 1 loses about 0.44% of its total mass when heated from about ambient temperature to about
300 °C. These observations suggest that Form 1 is anhydrous crystalline material.
provides HPLC and MS data of Form 1. The peak retention time is
4.9 s and indicates the sample purity is 99.90% (area %).
Form 2
The XRPD pattern, crystal habit, TGA, SDTA, TGA-MS, HPLC and MS of Form
2 of Compound 1 are shown in FIGs. 7-11. Form 2 was prepared in slurry conversion
experiments when 1,2-ethanediol was used as solvent. Form 2 appears stable under accelerated
aging conditions (2 days at 40 °C/75% RH).
es an overlay of XRPD patterns (from bottom to top) of: starting
al (Form 1 of Compound 1), Form 2 as obtained from slurry conversion experiment in
1,2 ethanediol and Form 2 after exposure to accelerated aging conditions (AAC). A list of
X-Ray Diffraction Peaks for Form 2 of Compound 1 is provided below in Table 26.
Table 26. X-Ray Diffraction Peaks for Form 2 of Compound 1
Relative
Two-theta angle (°) d Space (Å)
Intensity (%)
6.18 14.28 86.62
.02 8.82 17.74
11.54 7.66 28.21
12.34 7.16 49.02
13.86 6.38 19.58
18.54 4.78 32.73
21.74 4.08 71.24
22.5 3.95 35.65
23.42 3.79 47.77
24.54 3.62 30.05
.5 3.49 12.63
26.02 3.42 20.22
26.7 3.33 81.52
27.82 3.2 15.25
28.34 3.15 34.21
Two-theta angle (°) d Space (Å)
Intensity (%)
34.14 2.62 16.39
is a digital image of Form 2 of nd 1. is a l image
of Form 2 of Compound 1 after exposure to accelerated aging conditions.
FIGs. 9 and 10 provide TGA/SDTA signal and TGA-MS data, respectively, of
Form 2 as obtained from a slurry conversion experiment in 1,2-ethanediol.
The TGA thermogram of Form 2 in shows a mass loss corresponding to a
broad endothermic event observed in the SDTA signal between 95 and 176 °C with a maximum
at about 137 °C, which may be the desolvation of Form 2 of Compound 1. After the desolvation,
the SDTA data of Form 2 in shows a melting event at 264 °C, corresponding to the
melting point of Form 1 of Compound 1.
The TGA thermogram of Form 2 in comprises a total mass loss of
approximately 15.5% of the total mass of the sample between approximately 95 °C and
approximately 175 °C when heated from approximately 25 °C to approximately 300 °C. Thus,
Form 2 loses about 15.5% of its total mass when heated from about ambient temperature to about
300 °C. The thermal data indicates that Form 2 ns 1 molar equivalent of solvent in the
crystal lattice ponding to approximately 1 mole of 1,2-ethanediol per mole of Compound
1. The theoretical 1,2-ethanediol content of a 1,2-ethanediol mono-solvate of nd 1 is
.6 % by weight, matching the TGA weight loss observed. These observations suggest that
Form 2 is a 1,2-ethanediol mono-solvate of Compound 1.
provides HPLC and MS data of Form 2 as obtained from the slurry
conversion experiment in 1,2-ethanediol. The peak retention time is 4.8 minutes and indicates the
sample purity is 100% (area %).
6.1.2.16 Form 3
The XRPD pattern, crystal habit, TGA, SDTA, TGA-MS, HPLC and MS of Form
3 of Compound 1 are shown in FIGs. 12-16. Form 3 was produced in a variety of crystallization
solvents, including: 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol (TFE) ed with either water or cyclohexane,
chloroform and the solvent mixture of panol and acetone. Most of the Form 3 samples
showed a yellowish color. The samples used for further analyses were prepared in the
evaporative experiment in TFE/water (50:50).
provides an overlay of XRPD patterns (from bottom to top) of: starting
al (Form 1 of Compound 1), Form 3 as obtained from ative experiment in
TFE/water (50:50) and Form 3 after exposure to rated aging conditions (AAC: 2 days at
40 °C/75% RH). A list of X-Ray Diffraction Peaks for Form 3 of Compound 1 is provided
below in Table 27.
Table 27. X-Ray Diffraction Peaks for Form 3 of Compound 1
Relative
Two-theta angle (°) d Space (Å)
Intensity (%)
3.5 25.21 29.74
7.06 12.51 16.87
9.26 9.54 79.97
.5 8.42 11.23
12.66 6.98 13.38
.3 5.78 19.31
18.62 4.76 20.63
A is a digital image of Form 3 of Compound 1. B is a digital
image of Form 3 of Compound 1 after exposure to accelerated aging conditions.
FIGs. 14 and 15 provide TGA/SDTA signal and TGA-MS data, respectively, of
Form 3 as obtained from an evaporative ment in ter (50:50).
The TGA thermogram of Form 3 in shows a mass loss corresponding to a
broad endothermic event observed in the SDTA signal between 110 °C and 175 °C with a
m at about 149 °C, which may be the desolvation of Form 3. After the desolvation, the
SDTA data of Form 3 in shows a melting event at 254 °C, corresponding to the melting
point of the starting material, Form 1 of Compound 1. The temperature difference of the melting
of the anhydrous Form 1 (Tpeak 264 °C) and after desolvation of Form 3 (Tpeak 254 °C) can be
attributed to the partial degradation observed in the HPLC is. The chemical purity of
Form 3 sample was determined by HPLC in to be 91.8%.
The TGA gram of Form 3 in comprises a total mass loss of
approximately 12.8% of the total mass of the sample between approximately 40 °C and
approximately 190 °C when heated from approximately 25 °C to approximately 300 °C. Thus,
Form 3 loses about 12.8% of its total mass when heated from about ambient temperature to about
300 °C. The thermal data indicates that Form 3 contains 0.5 molar equivalents of solvent in the
l lattice ponding to approximately 0.5 mole of 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol per mole of
Compound 1. The theoretical 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol content of a 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol
hemi-solvate of Compound 1 is 11.5 % by weight, matching the TGA weight loss observed.
These observations suggest that Form 3 is a 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol hemi-solvate of Compound 1.
provides HPLC and MS data of Form 3 as ed from an evaporative
experiment in TFE/water (50:50). The peak retention time is 4.8 minutes with a sample purity of
91.8% (area %).
6.1.2.17 Form 4
The XRPD pattern, crystal habit, TGA, SDTA, TGA-MS, HPLC and MS of Form
4 of Compound 1 are shown in FIGs. 17-21. Form 4 was prepared by anti-solvent crystallization
with DMSO as solvent and water as anti-solvent. Form 4 is physically unstable and converses to
Form 1 or mixtures of Forms 1 and 4 upon exposure to accelerated aging conditions. Most likely
after long term ity conditions, full conversion to Form 1 may occur.
] provides an overlay of XRPD patterns (from bottom to top) of: starting
material, Form 1 of Compound 1; Form 4 as wet solid ed from an olvent experiment
using DMSO as t and water as anti-solvent; Form 4 as dried solid obtained from an antisolvent
experiment using DMSO as solvent and water as anti-solvent; Amorphous Form of
Compound 1 as wet solid from an anti-solvent experiment using DMSO as solvent and water as
anti-solvent after exposure to accelerated aging conditions (AAC: 2 days at 40 °C/75% RH);
e of Forms 1 and 4 as dried solid obtained after exposure to accelerated aging conditions
(AAC). A list of X-Ray Diffraction Peaks for Form 4 of Compound 1 is provided below in
Table 28.
Table 28. X-Ray Diffraction Peaks for Form 4 of Compound 1
Relative
Two-theta angle (°) d Space (Å)
Intensity (%)
8.22 10.74 12.38
.14 8.71 28.85
.66 8.29 42.92
14.02 6.31 19.57
Relative
Two-theta angle (°) d Space (Å)
Intensity (%)
18.1 4.9 25.78
.62 4.3 24.43
21.94 4.05 84.94
22.66 3.92 27.92
23.78 3.74 19.31
24.34 3.65 24.73
.42 3.5 18.72
26.26 3.39 29.32
A is a l image of Form 4 of Compound 1 as wet solid obtained from
an anti-solvent experiment using DMSO as solvent and water as olvent. B is a
l image of Form 4 of Compound 1 as dry solid obtained from an anti-solvent experiment
using DMSO as solvent and water as anti-solvent.
FIGs. 19 and 20 provide TGA/SDTA signal and TGA-MS data, respectively, of
Form 4 as obtained from an anti-solvent experiment using DMSO as solvent and water as antisolvent.
The TGA thermogram of Form 4 in shows a mass loss corresponding to a
broad endothermic event observed in the SDTA signal between 100 and 175 °C with a maximum
at about 140 °C, which may be the desolvation of Form 4. After desolvation, the SDTA shows a
melting event at 258 °C, corresponding to the melting point of Form 1 of Compound 1. The
temperature difference between the melting of the anhydrous Form 1 (Tpeak 264 °C) and the
melting after desolvation of Form 4 (Tpeak 258 °C) can be attributed to the partial degradation
ed in the HPLC analysis. The chemical purity of Form 4 sample was determined by
HPLC in to be 93.6%.
The TGA gram of Form 4 in comprises a total mass loss of
approximately 16.4% of the total mass of the sample between approximately 35 °C and
approximately 180 °C when heated from approximately 25 °C to approximately 300 °C. Thus,
Form 4 loses about 16.4% of its total mass when heated from about ambient ature to about
300 °C. The thermal data indicate that Form 4 contains 0.8 molar equivalents of solvent in the
crystal lattice corresponding to imately 0.8 mole of dimethylsulfoxide per mole of
nd 1. The theoretical dimethylsulfoxide content of a 0.8 molar equivalent
dimethylsulfoxide solvate of Compound 1 is 18.9 % by weight, matching the TGA weight loss
observed. These observations suggest that Form 4 is a dimethylsulfoxide solvate of
Compound 1.
provides HPLC and MS data of Form 4 as obtained from an anti-solvent
experiment using DMSO as solvent and water as anti-solvent. The peak retention time is
4.8 minutes with a sample purity of 93.6% (area %).
6.1.2.18 Form 5
The XRPD n, crystal habit, TGA, SDTA, TGA-MS, HPLC and MS of Form
of Compound 1 are shown in FIGs. 22-26. Form 5 was prepared in hot-filtration experiments
in THF/water (50:50). Form 5 appears stable for at least two days under accelerated aging
ions.
provides an overlay of XRPD patterns (from bottom to top) of: starting
material, Form 1 of nd 1; Form 5 of Compound 1; and Form 5 of Compound 1 after
exposure to accelerated aging conditions (AAC: 2 days at 40 °C/75% RH). A list of X-Ray
ction Peaks for Form 5 of Compound 1 is provided below in Table 29.
Table 29. X-Ray Diffraction Peaks for Form 5 of Compound 1
Relative
Two-theta angle (°) d Space (Å)
Intensity (%)
6.02 14.66 13
7.46 11.84 31.65
9.26 9.54 76.44
11.7 7.55 79.47
12.18 7.26 19.72
19.78 4.48 8.74
22.02 4.03 24.68
23.74 3.74 26.68
24.26 3.66 28.87
24.94 3.57 32.55
26.18 3.4 55.24
27.06 3.29 16.87
29.86 2.99 16.03
] A is a l image of Form 5 of Compound 1. B is a digital
image of Form 5 of Compound 1 after exposure to accelerated aging conditions.
FIGs. 24 and 25 e TGA/SDTA signal and TGA-MS data, respectively, of
Form 5 obtained from a ltration experiment in THF/water (50:50).
The TGA thermogram of Form 5 in shows a mass loss ponding to a
broad endothermic event observed in the SDTA signal at Tpeak 80 °C which is likely related to
the ation process, followed by re-crystallization at 181 °C and melting of Form 1 at
251 °C. The large difference of the melting temperature of Form 1 here compared to that of the
starting material Form 1 (264 °C) can be attributed to the different history of the two solids.
Note that Form 5 was produced only when water was used in mixture with other solvents, e.g.,
THF, 1,4-dioxane, ol and ethanol. The slurry experiment in water for two weeks at room
temperature produced the anhydrous starting material, Form 1. This observation might be
explained by the fact that Form 1 of Compound 1 is practically insoluble in water. Some
dissolution of the starting material is needed to produce the dihydrated Form 5, which is
provided by the organic solvent (THF, 1,4-dioxane, methanol or ethanol), followed by
precipitation of Form 5. The chemical purity of Form 5 sample was determined by HPLC in
to be 90.1%.
The TGA thermogram of Form 5 in comprises a total mass loss of
approximately 9.4% of the total mass of the sample between approximately 35 °C and
approximately 240 °C when heated from approximately 25 °C to approximately 300 °C. Thus,
Form 5 loses about 9.4% of its total mass when heated from about ambient temperature to about
300 °C. The thermal data tes that Form 5 contains 2 molar equivalents of solvent in the
l e corresponding to approximately 2 moles of water per mole of Compound 1. The
theoretical water content of a dihydrate of nd 1 is 10.2 % by weight, matching the TGA
weight loss ed. These observations suggest that Form 5 is a dihydrated form of
nd 1.
provides HPLC and MS data of Form 5 as solid obtained from a hot-
filtration experiment in THF/water (50:50). The peak retention time is 4.8 minutes with a
sample purity of 89.9% (area %).
6.1.2.19 Amorphous Form
The DSC, XRPD pattern, Raman spectrum, NMR, HPLC and MS of amorphous
Compound 1 are shown in FIGs. 27-32.
Amorphous Compound 1 was prepared by 1) equilibrating the temperature of a
sample of Form 1 at 25 ºC; 2) heating up the sample to 275 ºC at a rate of 10 ºC/min; 3) g
the sample isothermally for 5 minutes; 4) cooling the sample to -10 ºC at a rate of 30 ºC/min; 5)
heating the sample to 150 ºC at a rate of 10 ºC/min; and 6) collecting remaining solids.
The differential scanning calorimetry thermal analysis of amorphous Compound 1
in shows that the glass transition temperature (Tg) of amorphous Compound 1 is at 120
provides an XRPD pattern of amorphous Compound 1.
provides a proton r ic resonance spectrum of amorphous
Compound 1.
provides HPLC and MS data of amorphous Compound 1.
The DSC thermogram of amorphous Compound 1 in shows a broad
endothermic event between 160 and 200 °C with a maximum at about 188.1 °C
6.2 BIOLOGICAL EXAMPLES
6.2.1 Biochemical assays
TOR HTR-FRET Assay. The following is an example of an assay that can be
used to determine the TOR kinase inhibitory activity of solid forms of Compound 1. A solid
form of Compound 1 is dissolved in DMSO and prepared as 10 mM stocks and diluted
appropriately for the ments. Reagents are prepared as s:
e TOR buffer” (used to dilute high ol TOR fraction): 10 mM Tris pH
7.4, 100 mM NaCl, 0.1% Tween-20, 1 mM DTT. Invitrogen recombinant TOR enzyme (cat#
PV4753) is diluted in this buffer to an assay concentration of 0.200 µg/mL.
ATP/Substrate solution: 0.075 mM ATP, 12.5 mM MnCl2, 50 mM Hepes, pH 7.4,
50 mM -GOP, 250 nM Microcystin LR, 0.25 mM EDTA, 5 mM DTT, and 3.5 µg/mL GST-
p70S6.
Detection reagent solution: 50 mM HEPES, pH 7.4, 0.01% Triton X-100,
0.01% BSA, 0.1 mM EDTA, 12.7 µg/mL ST Amersham (Cat#PA92002V), 9 ng/mL
phospho p70S6 (Thr389) (Cell Signaling Mouse Monoclonal #9206L), 627 ng/mL mouse
Lance Eu n Elmer Cat#AD0077).
To 20 uL ofthe Simple TOR buffer is added 0.5 uL of test solid form in DMSO.
To initiate the reaction 5 [IL ofATP/Substrate solution is added to 20 uL of the Simple TOR
buffer solution ol) and to the compound solution prepared above. The assay is stopped
after 60 minutes by adding 5 uL of a 60 mM EDTA solution: 10 [IL of detection reagent solution
is then added and the mixture is allowed to sit for at least 2 hours before reading on a Perkin-
Elmer Envision Microplate Reader set to detect LANCE Eu T (excitation at 320 nm and
emission at 495/520 nm).
] DNA—PK assay. DNA-PK assay is performed using the procedures supplied in
the Promega DNA-PK assay kit (catalog # V7870). DNA-PK enzyme can be purchased from
Promega (Promega cat#V58l 1).
6.3 FORMULATION EXAMPLES
Certain formulations comprising solid forms of Compound 1 are prepared and
tested for a number ofphysical and chemical properties. Modifications are made and subsequent
formulations are also tested, until formulations sing desirable physical and chemical
properties are found. The following e describes these formulations and their testing.
] M A 23‘1 study evaluates the effect ofdiluents, disintegrant and drug
loading on tablet physical properties and chemical stability. Examples of formulation
compositions are shown in Table 30. l tablet pment is carried out in normal room UV
light.
Table 30: Exemplary Formulation Composition OfVarious Tablet Formulations
SondFormorComoundl m
Microcrystalline Cellulose (mg) 63.75 83.75 59.25 79.25
_-n-n.
_----m 30 30
“-“-
“”--
“—Il—Il
mumm-
Immu-
total coatedtabler m
M A study is conducted to evaluate the effect of antioxidant (e.g. , ted
hydroxyl toluene, BHT) and chelating agent (e.g. , um te, Nag-EDTA) on the
stability of solid forms of Compound 1 in formulated t. The impact ofdosage form (tablet
vs e) on the stability of solid forms of Compound 1 is evaluated.
Examples of formulation compositions are shown in Table 31. All of the
processes are carried out in dark.
Table 31: ary Formulation Composition
. % w/w
Comound 1
Manno em EZ
Sodium starch
1 colate
_-toluene
_—__
_——————
mum-mm“
M Further study can be conducted to study the influence ofcoating and
desiccant on the stability of Compound 1 tablets. All processes can be carried out under yellow
light to prevent any UV light exposure to the Compound 1 formulations.
An exemplary formulation composition is provided in Table 32.
Table 32: Exemplary Formulation Composition OfTablet
Solid form of
Comound 1 0.5
Mannitol (Mannogem
MCC PH112
Sodium starch -l colate
stearic acid
Butylated hydroxy
toluene
Naz- EDTA
Mg stearate
Total
Table 33: Exemplary Tablet Formulations
% w/w m_
Batch # .-
In a ts _
Solid form ofCompound 1
active in edient
Mannitol anno - em EZ “ a n“
Microcrystalline Cellulose -
PH 112 25 25
Sodium Starch G1 colate 3
Silicon dioxide —
Stearic acid 0.5
Disodium EDTA _
wH'-l
Ma 2 esium Stearate 065 0.65 O ChKI! O 0‘LII
Total
Color Yellow Yellow Yellow
Preparation of Tablets: The blends according to Table 34 to Table 39 are prepared
as follows. rystalline cellulose is weighed and added to an amber colored straight sided
glass jar. The lid is closed and the jar is shakend in order to coate the inside of the jar. Active
ingredient (solid form of Comp01md 1) is added and blended for 10 minutes at 46 1pm using a
a mixer. The blend is passed through a 25 mesh screen and blended again for 10 minutes
at 46 1pm using a a mixer. The resulting blend is passed through a 35 mesh screen.
Remaining excipients are added. except for lubricant (magnesium te). The resulting
mixture is blended for 10 minutes at 46 rpm using a Turbula mixer. 6 grams of the resulting
blend is added an amber glass jar. Lubricant is added and blended for 1 minute and 35 seconds
at 46 rpm using a Turbula mixer. For low strength tablet ations, 140 mg s are
prepared using a 7.14 mm punch and die. For high strength tablet formulations, 400 mg tablets
are prepared using a 10.3 mm punch and die.
Table 34: Exemplary Low Strength Tablet Formulation #1
ient Source Amount
(weight %)
Solid form of 0.7
Compound 1
microcrystalline FMC 38.1
cellulose Biopolymer
Mannitol te 57.2
sodium FMC 3.0
carboxymethylcellulose Biopolymer
magnesium stearate Nitika 1.0
Chemicals
Table 35: Exemplary Low Strength Tablet Formulation #2
Ingredient Source Amount
(weight %)
Solid form of 0.7
Compound 1
microcrystalline FMC 75.3
cellulose ymer
pregelatinized starch Colorcon 20.0
sodium FMC 3.0
carboxymethylcellulose Biopolymer
magnesium stearate Nitika 1.0
Chemicals
Table 36: Exemplary Low Strength Tablet Formulation #3
Ingredient Source Amount
(weight %)
Solid form of 0.7
Compound 1
microcrystalline FMC 38.1
cellulose Biopolymer
Lactose monohydrate Meggle 57.2
Pharma
sodium FMC 3.0
carboxymethylcellulose Biopolymer
magnesium stearate Nitika 1.0
Chemicals
Table 37: Exemplary High Strength Tablet Formulation #1
Ingredient Source Amount
(weight %)
Solid form of 25.0
Compound 1
microcrystalline FMC 28.4
cellulose Biopolymer
ol Roquette 42.6
sodium FMC 3.0
carboxymethylcellulose Biopolymer
magnesium stearate Nitika 1.0
Chemicals
] Table 38: Exemplary High Strength Tablet Formulation #2
Ingredient Source Amount
(weight %)
Solid form of 25.0
Compound 1
microcrystalline FMC 51.0
cellulose Biopolymer
pregelatinized starch Colorcon 20.0
sodium FMC 3.0
ymethylcellulose Biopolymer
magnesium stearate Nitika 1.0
Chemicals
Table 39: Exemplary High Strength Tablet Formulation #3
Ingredient Source Amount
(weight %)
Solid form of 25.0
nd 1
rystalline FMC 28.4
cellulose Biopolymer
Lactose monohydrate Meggle 42.6
Pharma
sodium FMC 3.0
carboxymethylcellulose Biopolymer
magnesium te Nitika 1.0
Chemicals
The above formulations are subjected to a 6 week stability study.
The embodiments disclosed herein are not to be d in scope by the specific
embodiments disclosed in the examples which are ed as illustrations of a few aspects of
the disclosed embodiments and any embodiments that are functionally equivalent are
encompassed by the present disclosure. Indeed, various modifications of the embodiments
sed herein are in addition to those shown and described herein will become apparent to
those skilled in the art and are intended to fall within the scope of the appended claims.
A number of references have been cited, the disclosures of which are incorporated
herein by reference in their entirety.
Claims (44)
1. A l form comprising the compound of formula (I), or a tautomer thereof: </ \N N / H I K N \ N\ N O I I T N N which has an X-ray powder diffraction n comprising peaks at 6.18, 21.74 and 26.7 i0.2 °26.
2. The crystal form of claim 1 which has an X-ray powder diffraction pattern further comprising peaks at 12.34, 22.5 and 23.42 i0.2 °26.
3. The crystal form of claim 1 which has a thermogravimetric analysis thermogram comprising a total mass loss of approximately 15.5% of the total mass of the crystal form when heated from about 25 °C to about 300 °C.
4. The crystal form of claim 1 which has a single differential thermal analysis thermogram comprising an endotherm between about 90 °C and about 185 °C with a maximum at approximately 140 °C when heated from about 25 °C to about 300 °C.
5. The crystal form of claim 4 wherein the single differential thermal analysis thermogram further comprises an endotherm between about 240 °C and about 285 °C with a maximum at approximately 264 °C.
6. The crystal form of claim 1 which is 1,2-ethanediol ed.
7. The crystal form of claim 6 comprises 1 molar equivalent of 1,2-ethanediol.
8. The crystal form of claim 1 which is ntially pure.
9. A crystal form comprising the compound of a (I), or a tautomer thereof: (MNN‘ N / I-IN|\ NNKO 'IT\ which has an X-ray powder diffraction pattern comprising peaks at 3.5, 9.26 and 18.62 i0.2 °26.
10. The crystal form of claim 9 which has an X-ray powder diffraction pattern further comprising peaks at 7.06, 12.66 and 15.3 i0.2 °26.
11. The crystal form of claim 9 which has a thermogravimetric analysis thermogram comprising a total mass loss of approximately 12.8% of the total mass of the crystal form when heated from about 25 °C to about 300 °C.
12. The crystal form of claim 9 which has a single difi‘erential l analysis thermogram comprising an endotherm between about 110 °C and about 175 °C with a maximum at imately 160 °C when heated from about 25 °C to about 300 °C.
13. The l form of claim 12 wherein the single differential thermal analysis thermogram further comprises an endotherm between about 225 °C and about 275 °C with a maximum at approximately 254 °C.
14. The crystal form of claim 9 which is 2,2,2-tn'fluoroethanol solvated.
15. The crystal form of claim 14 comprises 0.5 molar lents of t1ifluoroethanol.
16. The crystal form of claim 9 which is substantially pure.
17. A crystal form comprising the compound of formula 0), or a tautomer thereof: (MNN‘ N / I-IN|\ NNKO 'IT\ which has an X-ray powder diffraction n comprising peaks at 10.66, 21.94 and 26.26 i0.2 °26.
18. The crystal form of claim 17 which has an X-ray powder diffraction pattern further comprising peaks at 10.14, 18.1 and 22.66 i0.2 °20.
19. The crystal form of claim 17 which has a thermogravimetric analysis thermogram comprising a total mass loss of approximately 16.4% of the total mass of the crystal form when heated from about 25 °C to about 300 °C.
20. The crystal form of claim 17 which has a single difi'erential thermal analysis thermogram comprising an endotherm between about 100 °C and about 175 °C with a maximum at approximately 140 °C when heated from about 25 °C to about 300 °C.
21. The crystal form of claim 20 wherein the single ential l analysis thermogram further comprises an endotherm n about 235 °C and about 275 °C with a maximum at approximately 258 °C.
22. The crystal form of claim 17 which is dimethylsulfoxide solvated.
23. The crystal form of claim 22 comprises 0.8 molar equivalents of dimethylsulfoxide.
24. The crystal form of claim 17 which is ntially pure.
25. A crystal form comprising the compound of formula (I), or a tautomer thereof: (MNN~ N / H NI\ N NKO N N which has an X-ray powder ction pattern comprising peaks at 9.26, 11.7 and 26.18 ±0.2 °2θ.
26. The crystal form of claim 25 which has an X-ray powder diffraction pattern further comprising peaks at approximately 7.46, 24.26 and 24.94 °2θ.
27. The crystal form of claim 25 which has a thermogravimetric analysis thermogram comprising a total mass loss of approximately 9.4% of the total mass of the crystal form when heated from about 25 °C to about 300 °C.
28. The crystal form of claim 25 which has a single differential thermal analysis thermogram comprising an endotherm between about 50 °C and about 140 °C with a maximum at approximately 80 °C when heated from about 25 °C to about 300 °C.
29. The crystal form of claim 28 wherein the single differential thermal is thermogram r comprises an exotherm n about 160 °C and about 200 °C with a m at approximately 181 °C.
30. The crystal form of claim 29 wherein the single differential thermal analysis thermogram further comprises an erm between about 225 °C and about 275 °C with a maximum at approximately 251 °C.
31. The crystal form of claim 25 which is hydrated.
32. The crystal form of claim 31 comprises 2 molar equivalents of water.
33. The crystal form of claim 25 which is substantially pure.
34. The use of a crystal form according to any one of claims 1 to 33, in the manufacture of a medicament for treating or preventing , an inflammatory condition, an immunological condition, a neurodegenerative disease, diabete, obesity, a neurological disorder, an age-related disease, a cardiovascular condition, or a conditions treatable or preventable by inhibition of a kinase pathway, a t in need thereof.
35. The use of claim 34, wherein the kinase pathway is the TOR kinase pathway.
36. The use of a crystal form according to any one of claims 1 to 33, in the manufacture of a medicament for achieving a se Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST 1.1) of te response, partial response or stable disease in a subject having a solid tumor.
37. The use of a crystal form according to any one of claims 1 to 33, in the manufacture of a medicament for improving International Workshop Criteria (IWC) for NHL, International Uniform Response Criteria for Multiple Myeloma (IURC), Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status (ECOG) or Response Assessment for Oncology (RANO) Working Group for GBM.
38. A crystal form according to claim 1, substantially as herein described or exemplified.
39. A crystal form ing to claim 9, substantially as herein described or exemplified.
40. A crystal form according to claim 17, ntially as herein described or exemplified.
41. A crystal form according to claim 25, substantially as herein described or exemplified.
42. A use according to claim 34, substantially as herein described or exemplified.
43. A use according to claim 36, substantially as herein described or exemplified.
44. A use according to claim 37, ntially as herein described or exemplified.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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NZ714742A NZ714742A (en) | 2014-04-16 | 2014-09-03 | Solid forms of 1-ethyl-7-(2-methyl-6-(1h-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)pyridin-3-yl)-3,4-dihydropyrazino[2,3-b]pyrazin-2(1h)-one, compositions thereof and methods of their use |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US201461980108P | 2014-04-16 | 2014-04-16 | |
US61/980,108 | 2014-04-16 | ||
US201462003173P | 2014-05-27 | 2014-05-27 | |
US62/003,173 | 2014-05-27 |
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NZ629877A NZ629877A (en) | 2015-12-24 |
NZ629877B true NZ629877B (en) | 2016-03-30 |
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