NO790201L - PROCEDURE FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF THREADS, FIBERS AND FILES AFTER VISCOSE MANUFACTURE - Google Patents
PROCEDURE FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF THREADS, FIBERS AND FILES AFTER VISCOSE MANUFACTUREInfo
- Publication number
- NO790201L NO790201L NO790201A NO790201A NO790201L NO 790201 L NO790201 L NO 790201L NO 790201 A NO790201 A NO 790201A NO 790201 A NO790201 A NO 790201A NO 790201 L NO790201 L NO 790201L
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- cellulose
- viscose
- manufacture
- threads
- addition
- Prior art date
Links
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract 3
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 63
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 58
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000008139 complexing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004627 regenerated cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003113 alkalizing effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 235000010980 cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 59
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 37
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 13
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 3
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 3
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- QGJOPFRUJISHPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon disulfide Chemical compound S=C=S QGJOPFRUJISHPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010525 oxidative degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000019830 sodium polyphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 2
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000218657 Picea Species 0.000 description 1
- GJEAMHAFPYZYDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[S] Chemical compound [C].[S] GJEAMHAFPYZYDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001868 cobalt Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940071106 ethylenediaminetetraacetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000007717 exclusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021432 inorganic complex Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002505 iron Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 159000000014 iron salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H sodium hexametaphosphate Chemical compound [Na]OP1(=O)OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])O1 GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfite Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F2/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof
- D01F2/06—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof from viscose
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Artificial Filaments (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Polysaccharides And Polysaccharide Derivatives (AREA)
- Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
Abstract
Fremgangsmåte til fremstilling av tråder, fibre og folier etter viskosefremgangsmåten.Process for the production of threads, fibers and foils according to the viscose process.
Description
Ved fremstilling av formede strukturer av regeneratcellulose etter viskosefremgangsmåten anvendes vanligvis, celluloser som har en gjennomsnittspolymerisåsjonsgrad (DP) In the production of shaped structures from regenerated cellulose according to the viscose method, celluloses that have an average degree of polymerization (DP) are usually used
på mer enn ca. 800. For frembringelse av optimale spinneopp-lbsninger er det nbdvendig å enhetlighetsgjbre molekylveks-fordelingen og dessuten videre å senke DP. Dette foregår generelt under den såkalte formodning av alkalicellulosen ved hjelp av en alkalisk - oksydativ avbygning, idet luftoksy-gen virker som oksydasjonsmiddel. Styringen av denne avbygning til en onsket DP-verdi foregår vanligvis ved regulering av formodningstemperaturen og formodningstiden. of more than approx. 800. In order to produce optimal spin solutions, it is necessary to homogenize the molecular weight distribution and also further to lower DP. This generally takes place under the so-called presumption of the alkali cellulose by means of an alkaline-oxidative breakdown, with atmospheric oxygen acting as an oxidizing agent. The control of this degradation to a desired DP value usually takes place by regulating the pretreatment temperature and the pretreatment time.
Det er kjent at den alkalisk-oksydative avbygning kan akselereres katalytisk ved hjelp av mindre mengder av tungmetallioner. Spesielt kjent er innvirkningen av tungmetallioner av jern, mangan, kobolt og vanadium (smlg. f.eks. Lottermoser og Wultsch, Kolloid-Z. 83 (1938), 180 og fblgende). Ved den tekniske fremstilling av alkalicellulose av cellulose og en overskytende mengde av en natronlut av f.eks. 180 - 240.g.NaOH/1, avpresning av overskytende natronlut og defibrering av den dannede alkalicellulose, er det i det minste alltid gitt et lite jerninnhold av alkalicellulosen, men også andre tungmetaller lar.seg for det meste påvise i spor. Dette innhold av tungmetallioner stammer i forste rekke fra de anvendte råstoffer, cellulose og natronlut, for det annet er det imidlertid også betinget ved anvendelsen av jernholdige apparater og rørledninger ved alkaliseringen. For å unngå en ukontrollert katalytisk innvirkning av disse i ppm-mengder foreliggende opploste tungmetaller er det vanlig å tilsette kjente mengder f.eks. av jern-, mangan- og koboltsalter til dyppeluten for å få en regulerbar påvirkning av alakali-cellulosens alkalisk-oksydative avbygning. It is known that the alkaline-oxidative degradation can be accelerated catalytically with the help of smaller amounts of heavy metal ions. Particularly well known is the effect of heavy metal ions of iron, manganese, cobalt and vanadium (cf. e.g. Lottermoser and Wultsch, Kolloid-Z. 83 (1938), 180 et seq.). In the technical preparation of alkali cellulose from cellulose and an excess amount of a caustic soda of e.g. 180 - 240.g.NaOH/1, squeezing out excess caustic soda and defibrating the formed alkali cellulose, there is at least always a small iron content of the alkali cellulose, but other heavy metals can also mostly be detected in traces. This content of heavy metal ions originates primarily from the raw materials used, cellulose and caustic soda, but secondly, it is also conditioned by the use of ferrous devices and pipelines during the alkalization. In order to avoid an uncontrolled catalytic effect of these dissolved heavy metals present in ppm amounts, it is common to add known amounts, e.g. of iron, manganese and cobalt salts to the dipping liquor in order to have a controllable effect on the alkaline-oxidative degradation of the alkaline cellulose.
Samtidig oppnås ved katalysatortilsetning en tydelig akselerering av formodningstiden. * ;Det oksydative angrep av luftoksygenet på cellu-losekjedene under formodningen foregår statistisk. Det er derfor uunngåelig at ved siden av celluloser med omtrent den onskede molekylstorrelse dannes også lavmolekylære celluloser som har en så liten polymerisasjonsgrad at de ved spinne-prosessen ikke igjen faller ut i sure bad, men utlbses i de etterfølgende vaskeprosesser fra det tråddannende materiale. Generelt må det regnes med at ved formodningen av alkalicellulosen avbygges noen prosent cellulosestoff av alkalicellulosen såvidt at de ikke mere virker som tråddannende stoff. På denne måte oppstår ikke bare et bkonomisk tap, men også en betraktelig bkologisk belastning da disse lavmolekylære celluloser kommer med de forbrukte vaskevann i awannet. En virksom fjerning av disse stoffer fra awannet er i praksis bare mulig ved meget omstendelige rensefremgangsmåter. ;Det er nu overraskende funnet at det er mulig å. tilbaketrenge dannelsen av lavmolekylære ikke mer med syre •utfellbare celluloser ved formodningen idet man underbinder mest mulig hver katalytisk påvirkning av formodningsprosessen ved hjelp av tungmetallioner. Den fundne avhengighet av dannelsen av ikke tråddannende cellulose under formodningen av innhold av tungmetallioner kan tydeliggjøres ved fblgende for-sbksrekke. ;En vanlig bbkesulfittcellulose ble underkastet en ekstrahering med fortynnet saltsyre for å fjerne inneholdte tungmetaller mest mulig. Etter en tbrkning under skånende betingelser ble denne cellulose alkalisert under anvendelse av renest natronlut og deretter avpresset og formodnet til en DP-verdi på 300 (bestemmelse etter Jayme-Wellm, Das Papier 11 ;(1957), 77 ff). Deretter ble denne formodnede alkalicellulose sulfidert på vanlig måte og opplost i fortynnet natronlut til viskose. En avveid mengde av denne viskos.e ble deretter for-delt mest mulig jevnt på en glassplate06 ved hjelp av et spinnebad av ca. 10% H2S0.^og 20% Na2S0^utfelt som film (fremstilling analogt Merkblatt III/5 des Vereins der Zellstoff-und Papierchemiker und -ingenieure, Utgave oktoger 1953, av-snitt C).' I det anvendte utfellingsbad ble etter utkokning av dannet svovelhydrogen og svovelkarbon de utld<*>ste mengder av opploselig cellulose bestemt. En enkel bestemmelsesmetode består i måling av DSB-verdien ifolge Leithe "Die Analyse der organischen Verunreinigungen in Trink-, Brauch- und Abwåssern", opplag 1972, side 52. Bestemmelse av det ikke tråddannende cellulosestoff kan også beregnes på grunn av differansen mellom anvendt cellulose i alkalicellulosen og i den utfelte film gjenvunnet cellulose. At the same time, the addition of a catalyst results in a clear acceleration of the fermentation time. * ;The oxidative attack of atmospheric oxygen on the cellulose chains under the assumption takes place statistically. It is therefore inevitable that next to celluloses with approximately the desired molecular size, low-molecular celluloses are also formed which have such a low degree of polymerization that they do not fall out again in acid baths during the spinning process, but are released in the subsequent washing processes from the thread-forming material. In general, it must be taken into account that when the alkali cellulose is used, a few percent of the cellulose material of the alkali cellulose is broken down to the extent that they no longer act as thread-forming material. In this way, there is not only an economic loss, but also a considerable biological burden as these low-molecular celluloses enter the waste water with the used wash water. Effective removal of these substances from wastewater is in practice only possible through very cumbersome cleaning procedures. It has now surprisingly been found that it is possible to suppress the formation of low molecular weight no longer acid-precipitable celluloses during the precipitating, as much as possible every catalytic influence of the precipitating process is suppressed with the help of heavy metal ions. The found dependence on the formation of non-thread-forming cellulose under the assumption of a content of heavy metal ions can be clarified by the following series of experiments. An ordinary bisulfite cellulose was subjected to an extraction with dilute hydrochloric acid in order to remove contained heavy metals as much as possible. After soaking under gentle conditions, this cellulose was alkalized using pure caustic soda and then pressed and matured to a DP value of 300 (determination according to Jayme-Wellm, Das Papier 11; (1957), 77 ff). Then this supposed alkali cellulose was sulphided in the usual way and dissolved in dilute caustic soda to viscose. A weighed amount of this viscos.e was then distributed as evenly as possible on a glass plate 06 using a spinning bath of approx. 10% H2S0.^and 20% Na2S0^precipitated as a film (preparation analogous to Merkblatt III/5 des Vereins der Zellstoff-und Papierchemiker und -ingeniure, Issue October 1953, section C).' In the precipitation bath used, after boiling off the hydrogen sulphide and carbon sulphide formed, the released amounts of soluble cellulose were determined. A simple determination method consists in measuring the DSB value according to Leithe "Die Analyze der organischen Verunreinigungen in Trink-, Brauch- und Abwåssern", edition 1972, page 52. Determination of the non-thread-forming cellulose substance can also be calculated due to the difference between the cellulose used in the alkali cellulose and in the precipitated film recovered cellulose.
Forsbket ble gjentatt flere ganger under nbyaktig overholdelse av alle fremgangsmåtebetingelser fra fbrste forsbk, imidlertid med den forskjell at nu alkaliseringsluten ble tilsatt forskjellige mengder av et jernsalt. Måleresul-tatene er gjengitt på tegningsfiguren. Derved ble det opp-fort mengden av ikke-fiberdannende cellulose mot,verdien av jerninnholdet av alkaliseringsluten. Av figuren ses at tyde-ligvis består'vidtgående lineært forhold mellom jerninnholdet av alkaliseringsluten og prosentsats av ikke igjen ut-fellbar cellulose og videre at ved jerninnhold under ca. The experiment was repeated several times with strict adherence to all process conditions from the first experiment, however, with the difference that now different amounts of an iron salt were added to the alkalization liquor. The measurement results are shown in the figure. Thereby, the amount of non-fibre-forming cellulose was increased against the value of the iron content of the alkalization liquor. From the figure it can be seen that there is clearly a largely linear relationship between the iron content of the alkalization liquor and the percentage of non-precipitable cellulose and further that at an iron content below approx.
2 mg Fe/l kan denne utlbsning senkes til verdier under 1%.2 mg Fe/l, this release can be lowered to values below 1%.
Det ble gjennomført et ytterligere forsbk hvor det imidlertid ikke ble tilsatt jernsalter til alkaliseringsluten, men 7 mg mangan pr. kg cellulose (i form av mangan-(II)-sulfatopplbsning). Ved denne tilsetning oker utlbsning av ikke tråddannende cellulose fra 0,8 til 5,4% referert til den anvendte cellulose. A further experiment was carried out where, however, iron salts were not added to the alkalization solution, but 7 mg of manganese per kg cellulose (in the form of manganese (II) sulphate solution). With this addition, the release of non-thread-forming cellulose increases from 0.8 to 5.4% referred to the cellulose used.
Da en anvendelse av tungmetallfri cellulose og natronlut samt f.eks. utelukkelse av jernholdige rørledninger og apparater for formodningen teknisk ikke er realiserbar, ble det undersbkt hvorvidt den katalytiske virkning av tungmetall-ionene kan oppheves ved anvendelse av kompleksdannere. Det er faktisk tilfellet ved kompleksdannere som opprettholder sin egenskap også under sterkt alkaliske betingelser. Som de fblgende eksempler viser er det såvel med organiske som også med uorganiske kompleksdannere mulig drastisk å redusere dannelsen av kortkjedede cellulosemolekyler under formodningen. Then an application of heavy metal-free cellulose and caustic soda as well as e.g. exclusion of iron-containing pipelines and devices for the assumption that it is technically not realizable, it was investigated whether the catalytic effect of the heavy metal ions can be canceled by the use of complex formers. This is actually the case with complexing agents that maintain their properties even under strongly alkaline conditions. As the following examples show, with both organic and inorganic complex formers it is possible to drastically reduce the formation of short-chain cellulose molecules under the presumption.
Den derved nodvendige mengde av kompleksdannere skal i ethvert tilfelle ligge hoyere enn den stokiometriske verdi. For å The required quantity of complex formers must in any case be higher than the stoichiometric value. In order to
oppnå en tilstrekkelig driftssikkerhet som muliggjør også å utligne svingninger i tungmetallinnholdet av cellulosen under lutningen anvendes fortrinnsvis et minst 2-10 -anger overskudd over den stokiometriske gjennomsnittsverdi. Ennu hoyere konsentrasjoner muliggjør uskadeliggjbring av tungmetall-slam eller -avleiringer fra rørledningene. Også ved hbye overskudd av kompleksdannere ble det ikke funnet noen påvirkning av viskosekvaliteten. to achieve a sufficient operating reliability which also makes it possible to compensate for fluctuations in the heavy metal content of the cellulose during the tilting, preferably an excess of at least 2-10 times over the stoichiometric average value is used. Even higher concentrations enable harmless removal of heavy metal sludge or deposits from the pipelines. Even with high excesses of complex formers, no influence on viscose quality was found.
Tilsetningen av kompleksdannere kan fortrinnsvis foregå ved tildosering til alkaliseringsluten, det er imidlertid også mulig å sammenfbre cellulosen for alkaliseringen allerede med kompleksdannere eller også å påsprbyte kompleksdannere i fortynnet opplbsning på alkalicellulosen for den egentlige formodning. Ved sistnevnte fremgangsmåte må det imidlertid nbyaktig påses at det kan unngås en utlutning av alkalicellulose ved tilsmussende forstbvningsdyser. For bedre fordeling av kompleksdannere i alkalicellulosen er det fordelaktig å gjennomfbres påsprbytningen for den vanlige defibrering av alkalicellulosen. The addition of complexing agents can preferably take place by addition to the alkalization liquor, however, it is also possible to combine the cellulose for the alkalization already with complexing agents or to apply complexing agents in dilute solution to the alkali cellulose for the actual presumption. In the latter method, however, care must be taken to avoid a leaching of alkali cellulose by fouling solidification nozzles. For better distribution of complex formers in the alkali cellulose, it is advantageous to carry out the application change for the usual defibration of the alkali cellulose.
Forsbk har vist at også overforingen av dé katalytisk virksomme tungmetallioner i en uoppløselig form bevirker en nedsettelse av dannelsen av kortkjedede' cellulosemolekyler under formodningen. Da imidlertid en utfelling av tungmetallioner i omtrent alle tilfeller er forbundet med en nedgang av viskosefiltreringen, synes anvendelsen av utfellingsmidler til alkalicellulosen mindre lovende. Forsbk has shown that also the transfer of the catalytically active heavy metal ions in an insoluble form causes a reduction in the formation of short-chain cellulose molecules below the assumption. However, since a precipitation of heavy metal ions is in almost all cases associated with a decrease in viscose filtration, the use of precipitating agents for the alkali cellulose seems less promising.
De følgende eksempler skal bidra til forklaring av oppfinnelsen. Såvidt intet annet angis, refererer prosent-og delangivelser seg til vektsmengder. Såsant ikke uttrykke-lig tas referanse til bestemte analysemetoder, fant standard-analysemetoder for viskoseindustrien anvendelse. Slike analysemetoder er eksempelvis gjengitt i K. Gbtze■"Chemiefasern nach dem Viskoseverfahren", 3. opplag, bind II (1967), kapitel 42 og 43. The following examples shall contribute to the explanation of the invention. Unless otherwise stated, percentage and part statements refer to quantities by weight. Unless reference is expressly made to specific analysis methods, standard analysis methods for the viscose industry were used. Such analysis methods are, for example, reproduced in K. Gbtze■"Chemiefasern nach dem Viskoseverfahren", 3rd edition, volume II (1967), chapters 42 and 43.
Eksempel 1Example 1
En handelsvanlig bbkesulfittcellulose med et a-celluloseinnhold på 91,2% og en DP på 820 har et jernirmhold på 5 mg A commercially available bisulfite cellulose with an α-cellulose content of 91.2% and a DP of 820 has an iron content of 5 mg
Fe/kg samt i spor (under 0,1 mg/kg) også mangan, vanadium, nikkel og kobolt. Bestemmelse av tungmetallinnholdet foregikk kolorimetrisk fra asken. Denne cellulose ble alkalisert in dyppepresse fra firma Blaschke, Endersbach, med ren natronlut, lutkonsentrasjonen utgjorde 230 g NaOH/1. Ætter avpresning ble det dannet en alkalicellulose som inneholdt 32,0%. cellulose og 16,5% NaOH. Etter en kort defibrering foregikk formodningen ved 54°C. Etter en oppholdstid på 9 timer ble ved alkalicellulosen målt en DP på 300'. Bestemmelsen av DP-verdien foregikk hver gang ifolge Jaymé-Wellm, Das Papier 11 Fe/kg and in traces (below 0.1 mg/kg) also manganese, vanadium, nickel and cobalt. Determination of the heavy metal content took place colorimetrically from the ash. This cellulose was alkalized in a dipping press from the company Blaschke, Endersbach, with pure caustic soda, the lye concentration was 230 g NaOH/1. After pressing, an alkali cellulose containing 32.0% was formed. cellulose and 16.5% NaOH. After a short defibration, the presumption took place at 54°C. After a residence time of 9 hours, a DP of 300' was measured for the alkali cellulose. The determination of the DP value took place each time according to Jaymé-Wellm, Das Papier 11
(1957), 77ff)• Den tilsluttende sulfidering foregikk-i eva-kuerte metallbeholdere med en svovelkarbontilsetning på 37%, referert til celluloseinnholdet. Det ble stadig overholdt en reaksjonstid på 90 minutter ved 30°C. (1957), 77ff)• The subsequent sulphidation took place in evacuated metal containers with a sulfur carbon addition of 37%, referred to the cellulose content. A reaction time of 90 minutes at 30°C was constantly observed.
Det dannede xantogenat ble deretter opplost ved tilsetning av 10%-ig natronlut og vann ved hjelp av en vinge-rorer til viskose. Av en prove av denne viskose ble det, som allerede omtalt ovenfor, stopt en folie og utfelt med spinnebad. Det i spinnebadet opploste organiske stoff, dvs. de kortkjedede ikke mere utfellbare cellulosemolekyler ble bestemt analytisk etter kokning av det dannede svovelhydrogen og svovelkarbon. Som analysefremgangsmåter tjente bestemmelsen av det kjemiske oksygenbehov (CSB) slik det omtaltes i W. Leithe "Die Analyse der organischen -Verunreiningen in Trink-, Brauch--und Abwassern", Wissenschaftliche Verlags-gesellschaft, Stuttgart, 1972, side '52. I foreliggende tilfelle ble en opplosning av 4,4% av den anvendte cellulose ,iakttatt. The xanthogenate formed was then dissolved by adding 10% caustic soda and water using a paddle stirrer to viscose. A sample of this viscose was, as already mentioned above, stopped into a foil and deposited with a spinning bath. The organic matter dissolved in the spinning bath, i.e. the short-chain cellulose molecules which can no longer be precipitated, was determined analytically after boiling the hydrogen sulphide and carbon sulphide formed. The determination of the chemical oxygen demand (CSB) as described in W. Leithe "Die Analyze der organischen -Verunreiningen in Trink-, Brauch--und Abwassern", Wissenschaftliche Verlags-gesellschaft, Stuttgart, 1972, page '52, served as analytical methods. In the present case, a dissolution of 4.4% of the cellulose used was observed.
Hovedmengden av den frembragte viskose tjente til gjennomfbring av spinneforsbk. Herved ble viskosen presset gjennom en spinnedyse med 3000 hull av 80^um diameter i et spinnebad av 45°C som inneholdt 80 g/l H2S04, 320 g/l Na2S0^ og 100 g/l ZnSO^. De dannede spinnetråder ble deretter struk-ket i et varmtvannsbad av 90°C rundt 42,5% og deretter underkastet de vanlige vaske- og etterbehandlingstrinn. Sluttav-trekket utgjorde 51,3 m/min.,den nominelle titer 2,5 dtex. The main amount of the produced viscose was used to carry out spinning experiments. Hereby, the viscose was pressed through a spinning die with 3000 holes of 80 µm diameter in a spinning bath of 45°C containing 80 g/l H2S04, 320 g/l Na2S0^ and 100 g/l ZnSO 4 . The formed spinning threads were then stretched in a hot water bath of 90°C around 42.5% and then subjected to the usual washing and finishing steps. The final draft was 51.3 m/min., the nominal titer 2.5 dtex.
Ved et slikt spinneforsbk kom de oppløselige, ikke igjen utfellbare cellulosebestanddeler' bare til en liten brbkdel i spinnebadet mens hovedmengden ble utvasket i det etterfølgende strekkbad og i vaskebadene. Det er derfor ikke-mere mulig direkte å bestemme prosentsatsen av utlost kort-kjedet1cellulose. Ved et flertall av titermålinger kunne imidlertid finnes en statistisk sikret korrelasjon mellom verdiene av utlbsning ved foliestbpeforsbket og Vwikningen av titeren fra den nominelle titer. In such a spinning experiment, the soluble, non-precipitable cellulose components only reached a small fraction in the spinning bath, while the main amount was washed out in the subsequent stretching bath and in the washing baths. It is therefore no longer possible to directly determine the percentage of released short-chain cellulose. In the majority of titer measurements, however, a statistically guaranteed correlation could be found between the values of release in the foil step experiment and the deviation of the titer from the nominal titer.
Eksempel 2Example 2
Fremstillingen av viskose ifblge eksempel 1 ble gjentatt flere ganger idet det ble påsett at alle forsøksbe-tingelser inntil sammensetning av dyppeluten og formodningstiden ble holdt konstant. Ved dette forsbk som ble gjennom-fbrt med samme cellulose som i eksempel 1 inneholdt dyppeluten i tillegg 0,4 g etylendiamintetraacetat pr. liter som kompleksdanner. For igjen å oppnå en DP på 300 etter formodningen var det videre nødvendig å forlenge formodningstiden til 9,5 timer. The production of viscose according to example 1 was repeated several times, as it was ensured that all experimental conditions up to the composition of the dipping liquor and the fermentation time were kept constant. In this experiment, which was carried out with the same cellulose as in example 1, the dipping liquor additionally contained 0.4 g of ethylenediaminetetraacetate per liters as a complexing agent. In order to again achieve a DP of 300 after the presumption, it was further necessary to extend the presumption time to 9.5 hours.
Ved bestemmelse av utlbsning av kortkjedede celluloser fra folien ble det bare-dessuten funnet en verdi på 1,2%. Ved tilsvarende eksempel 1 gjennomførte-'spihneforsbk ble det fastslått en tydelig bkning av den nominelle titer. When determining the release of short-chain cellulose from the foil, a value of only 1.2% was found. In the corresponding example 1 carried out-'spihneforsbk, a clear decrease of the nominal titer was established.
Eksempel 5Example 5
På en gransulfittcellulose med et a-celluloseinnhold på 93,1% ble det sprbytet•dimensjonerte mindre mengder opp-løsninger av MnSO^og FeSO^i vann på cellulosen. Etter denne behandling har cellulosen følgende samlede tungmetall-innhold: On a spruce sulphite cellulose with an α-cellulose content of 93.1%, smaller amounts of solutions of MnSO^ and FeSO^ in water were sprinkled onto the cellulose. After this treatment, the cellulose has the following overall heavy metal content:
7 mg Mn/kg7 mg Mn/kg
5 mg Fe/kg5 mg Fe/kg
samt spor av vanadium og kobolt. Denne cellulose ble som i eksempel 1 alkalisert, sulfidert og forarbeidet til viskose. De utfelte viskosefolier viste en utlbsning av kortkjedede cellulosemolekyler på 5,2%. as well as traces of vanadium and cobalt. As in example 1, this cellulose was alkalized, sulphided and processed into viscose. The precipitated viscose films showed a release of short-chain cellulose molecules of 5.2%.
Eksempel 4Example 4
Den samme cellulose som i eksempel 3 ble alkalisert med en. lut som i tillegg inneholdt 0,5 g natriumpolyfosfat pr. liter. De ytterligere reaksjonsbetingelser tilsvarte eksempel 3 med unntak av formodningstiden som måtte forlenges med rundt 30 minutter. Utfelte viskosefolier viste nu dessuten bare en utlbsning av ikke tråddannende stoff på 1,6%. Ved tilsetning av natriumpolyfosfat ("Calgon E") kunne dannelsen av opploselige., ikke igjen utfellbare celluloser under formodningen senkes fra 5,2 til 1, 6%. The same cellulose as in example 3 was alkalized with a. lye which additionally contained 0.5 g of sodium polyphosphate per litres. The further reaction conditions corresponded to example 3, with the exception of the pretreatment time, which had to be extended by around 30 minutes. Precipitated viscose foils now also only showed a release of non-thread-forming substance of 1.6%. By adding sodium polyphosphate ("Calgon E"), the formation of soluble, non-reprecipitable cellulose under the presumption could be lowered from 5.2 to 1.6%.
Parallelt hertil gjennomførtes spinneforsok ifdlge eksempel 1 viser at det også ved forsbkene i eksempel 3 og 4 består en streng korrelasjon mellom de fundne verdier av utlbsning på foliene og den fundne nominelle titer. Parallel to this, spinning experiments were carried out according to example 1, showing that there is also a strict correlation between the found values of release on the foils and the found nominal titer in the experiments in examples 3 and 4.
Titerverdiene av trådene i eksempel 4 har en tilsvarende hbyere titerverdi enn trådene fra viskose ifblge eksempel 3- The titer values of the threads in example 4 have a correspondingly higher titer value than the threads from viscose according to example 3-
Claims (4)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE2802394A DE2802394C2 (en) | 1978-01-20 | 1978-01-20 | Process for the production of threads, fibers and films according to the viscose process |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
NO790201L true NO790201L (en) | 1979-07-23 |
Family
ID=6029954
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
NO790201A NO790201L (en) | 1978-01-20 | 1979-01-19 | PROCEDURE FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF THREADS, FIBERS AND FILES AFTER VISCOSE MANUFACTURE |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS54116421A (en) |
AT (1) | AT384038B (en) |
BE (1) | BE873626A (en) |
DE (1) | DE2802394C2 (en) |
FI (1) | FI790167A (en) |
FR (1) | FR2415153B1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB2014902B (en) |
IT (1) | IT1110977B (en) |
NO (1) | NO790201L (en) |
SE (1) | SE7900502L (en) |
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AT517020B1 (en) | 2015-02-06 | 2020-02-15 | Chemiefaser Lenzing Ag | Recycling of cellulosic synthetic fibers |
CN113005533B (en) * | 2021-03-22 | 2022-03-15 | 太原理工大学 | Method for removing iron ions in seed hemp pulp |
-
1978
- 1978-01-20 DE DE2802394A patent/DE2802394C2/en not_active Expired
-
1979
- 1979-01-18 IT IT19417/79A patent/IT1110977B/en active
- 1979-01-18 GB GB7901841A patent/GB2014902B/en not_active Expired
- 1979-01-18 FI FI790167A patent/FI790167A/en unknown
- 1979-01-18 AT AT0036679A patent/AT384038B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1979-01-19 SE SE7900502A patent/SE7900502L/en unknown
- 1979-01-19 NO NO790201A patent/NO790201L/en unknown
- 1979-01-19 JP JP402979A patent/JPS54116421A/en active Pending
- 1979-01-22 BE BE0/193010A patent/BE873626A/en unknown
- 1979-01-22 FR FR7901470A patent/FR2415153B1/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE2802394B1 (en) | 1979-01-18 |
GB2014902B (en) | 1982-09-08 |
FR2415153A1 (en) | 1979-08-17 |
SE7900502L (en) | 1979-07-21 |
IT1110977B (en) | 1986-01-13 |
IT7919417A0 (en) | 1979-01-18 |
AT384038B (en) | 1987-09-25 |
GB2014902A (en) | 1979-09-05 |
BE873626A (en) | 1979-07-23 |
FI790167A (en) | 1979-07-21 |
ATA36679A (en) | 1987-02-15 |
JPS54116421A (en) | 1979-09-10 |
DE2802394C2 (en) | 1979-12-13 |
FR2415153B1 (en) | 1985-08-16 |
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