NL8600568A - SECURITY DEVICE. - Google Patents

Description

-1- VO 7596

Security device.

The invention relates to a safety device for automatically controlling the movement of a rotatable part.

Fluid actuated brakes and clutches with friction components, which can be driven out by a piston-cylinder system, are described in U.S. Patent 4,366,884. Coil springs disposed about the outer support pins of the piston-cylinder system cause the system to return to the original non-contacting relaxed state when the air supply pressure is released. In the system 10 there is a flat saucer-shaped spring which is in direct contact with a pressurized fluid.

The security device of the invention is reliable, easy to manufacture and adaptable to a wide variety of applications. The device can be used in many control situations, such as those involving mechanical devices, more particularly when using a rotatable part, such as a wheel or axle.

The safety device according to the invention comprises a spring adjustment friction module, which is intended to form a safety means for installation on certain types of known brakes and clutches. The device usually has the same appearance and physical dimensions as the normal-size brake or clutch friction module, to ensure that the device can be retrofitted into an existing brake or clutch if required or desired and complete. are exchanged for any modular product of the relevant production line.

The spring adjustment friction module operates in the opposite of a normal pneumatic or air brake, using air pressure to affect the brake cylinder to move the piston of the brake cylinder outward. With the spring adjustment friction module, exactly the opposite occurs because the air pressure is used here to move the piston inwards. If the cylinder does not have sufficient air pressure to move the piston back, the piston will remain in the extended position, so that the safety device will act as a brake and a movement of a rotatable surface with the piston moving. -2- *? ^ will prevent.

The security device according to the invention has the following advantages. If something should happen to the air pressure in the safety device according to the invention, such as a blockage or cut-off of the air supply line, which leads to a sharp drop in the air pressure, or a loss of the entire air pressure, the spring setting friction module, fitted in a brake or clutch, are actuated as a safety device which will be brought into the braking position. For example, if a safety device according to the invention is installed on a unwinding column of a paper machine and due to an operator error or accidental unfortunate circumstances, all the air pressure at the paper machine is lost, the spring setting safety device, which does not require air pressure to to operate automatically as a brake to contact its non-rotatable protective friction body with a rotatable part of the machine to terminate the operation of the machine.

Another advantage of the security device according to the invention is the following. Air pressure, which is applied in varying sizes by a precision control device, will also make the safety device useful as a continuous slip tensioning brake. By varying the magnitude of the air pressure applied to the cylinder, a variable torque range can be obtained, while still retaining the safety features of the spring adjustment friction module.

The security device further has the advantage that it can be held in a stationary non-rotatable manner to stop rotational movement of a part, around which part the device is disposed, or in which the device is located.

The spring adjustment friction module consists of several parts, including two sets of resilient compressible members, such as springs, which are housed in the rear end within the friction module. There are a number of springs of one set which are equal to each other and have a larger diameter than a large number of equal springs of a second set which have a smaller diameter. The springs rest in a cavity recessed in the stationary rear end portion of the security device with more than one spring housed in each cavity.

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Usually there is one large spring in the cavity, which is held along its outer diameter. Usually a small spring is housed within the larger spring and held in the cavity by a stud.

In an embodiment according to the invention, a first spring, which is arranged within a second spring, has the further advantage that a much greater degree of air pressure can be exerted and can be balanced in a limited compact area than in the case that only a single large spring was used. This embodiment of a first spring with a second spring has the further advantage that if one spring is damaged or breaks, the other spring can still operate in a reserve safety mode.

The springs are held in place at the top by a circular groove in a small portion of the stationary rear end of the safety device. The stationary rear end compresses the spring assemblies when pressurized air is supplied to a chamber at the front of a flexible part. the piston-cylinder system. The flexible part is moved backward, moving the front end of the friction module backward to compress the springs. When the air pressure is released, the springs can relax and expand outwardly to move a piston supporting the friction body into a braking position.

The flexible part, which can consist of a membrane, therefore serves two purposes. It is not only part of the retraction and protrusion mechanism, but also serves as a fluid-tight seal between the stationary rear end and the movable front end of the module.

The back end and the front end are joined together by suitable fasteners.

The front end of the module houses fluid sealers which provide a fluid tight seal to the front piston end portion to prevent loss of fluid pressure, such as air or hydraulic pressure, during and after the piston stick-out and retraction strokes. The forward end also serves as a limiter for the piston travel path to prevent the piston assembly from being retracted too far in or extended too far out beyond the maximum length of the stroke of the piston system. Also located in the front end are the fluid ports for supplying or discharging the pressurized fluid, such as air, through two or more ports, such as fittings of a given shape, which are provided in ports in the front end.

In the forward end there is a piston, which is one of the parts of the piston-cylinder module assembly, because it is capable of rotating the non-rotatable, stationary friction body of the safety device against the rotatable friction surface of the brake or clutch. or move in. The front end piston, which usually consists of a strong and tough material, stores members which hold the friction body stationary and non-rotatably and which serve to retract the friction body when the piston is retracted into the pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder.

The front end with the piston and the rear end are secured together by suitable fasteners which seal the flexible part therebetween. Thus, the front end and the rear end can be transported in their entirety as a single unit or module, and can also be easily disassembled to examine or replace worn or damaged parts.

The module also contains two coupling styles, consisting of a strong material. These coupling posts serve to stop and prevent any twisting movement of the friction body when the brake is applied to a rotatable surface. These struts keep the friction body as stationary as possible and also prevent the body from falling out of the cylinder core assembly when in the retracted position. The coupling posts also connect coupling arm-holding plates to the front end and rear end of the brake module.

The coupling posts are inserted into openings located in the coupling arm plates and widened against the rear of the housing opposite the piston. The link arm plates serve to retain the module assembly on the brake assist arm by inserting appropriate fasteners through the link arm plates and inserting them into the bottom

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support arm.

In general, the safety device of the invention is directed to a spring bias friction module, in which a fluid pressurizes a set of springs into the module to maintain a friction surface backward and spaced from a rotatable surface and a reduction in this fluid pressure allows the previously compressed set of springs to expand and contact the previously retracted friction surface with the rotatable surface with sufficient force to terminate its rotation.

More particularly, the invention is directed to a safety device for selectively controlling the movement of a movable surface, by means of a stationary surface, comprising means defining a first cavity, which is provided with a flexible part partially contacting a first rigid member, the flexible member being partially separated from the first rigid member, means for introducing a pressurized fluid into the first cavity, members providing a second cavity at the first cavity determining which flexible part that makes partial contact with a second rigid part, wherein the flexible part is partially spaced from the second rigid part, a third rigid part in the second cavity which contacts the flexible part and spaced from the second rigid member, resilient compressible members in the two the cavity, arranged to contact the second rigid member and the third rigid member simultaneously, and members connecting the stationary surface to the flexible member, such that when fluid is under pressure is brought into the first cavity, the flexible part of the first rigid part is moved to increase the size of the first cavity, and the flexible part is moved to the second rigid part to compress the size of the second cavity reduce the resilient members therein and thus move the stationary surface away from the movable surface, and such that when the fluid is discharged from the first cavity under pressure, the flexible member is moved to the first rigid member to size of the. to reduce the first cavity, whereby the flexible part of the second rigid part is moved to increase the size of the second cavity by an expansion of the resilient members therein, so as to moving the stationary surface to the movable surface.

The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing. In the drawing: Fig. 1 shows a top view of the safety device according to the invention provided with a friction body; Fig. 2 shows a side view of the safety device according to Fig. 1, with the friction body retracted; FIG. 3 is a bottom view of the control device of FIG. 1; FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken on the line IV-IV of FIG. 1, with the friction body extended, and the sectional view rotated through 90 ° in the right direction; FIG. 5 is a sectional view along line V-V of FIG. 1 with the friction body retracted and the section rotated through 90 ° to the right; Fig. 6 is a top view of another embodiment of the safety device according to the invention, which is mounted on a rotatable shaft; FIG. 7 is an axial end view of the safety device of FIG. 6 along the rotatable axis; FIG. 8 is a sectional view of the security device taken along line VIII-VIII of FIG. 7 with the friction body extended; FIG. 9 is a sectional view of the security device taken along line IX-IX of FIG. 7 with the friction body retracted; Fig. 10 shows the safety device according to the invention, used in combination with a rotatable wheel; Fig. 11 is a sectional view of the combination taken on the line XI-XI of Fig. 10; Fig. 12 shows the security device according to the invention used in combination with a rotatable disc; Fig. 13 is a side view of the combination according to Fig. 12; Fig. 14 shows the safety device according to the invention, used in combination with both a rotatable wheel and a rotatable disc; and FIG. 15 is a side view of the combination of FIG. 14.

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Fig. 1 shows a top view of the safety device 1 according to the invention, provided with a friction body 2. The friction body or the shoe is stationary and immovable during use. This means that the body 2 is non-rotatable, but is movable to and fro in and out of contact with a rotatable part. When the body 2 is in contact with the rotatable part, it is held firmly in place as part of the safety device, such that this friction body will remain immovable, stationary and non-rotatable during use. The rubbing body or shoe 2 is usually made of a carbon material with a graphite base material.

Fig. 2 shows a side view of the security device 1 according to FIG. 1, wherein the friction body 2 is retracted, such that the friction body 2 rests snugly against the upper retaining plate 3 of the security device. The top surface 4 of the friction body 2 is parallel to plate 3 and the bottom surface 5 (shown in Fig. 4) of the body 2 is also parallel to the plate 3.

As shown in Fig. 1, the friction body or shoe 2 has two sides, which are substantially parallel to each other, and two sides, which have a convex shape and connect the two parallel sides. A slit 6 is integrally formed in each of the convex sides of the friction body.

A mounting member 7, such as a metal coupling post consisting of copper 25, fits in the slot 6. The coupling post 7 is most clearly shown in Fig. 4. These coupling posts 7 serve to stop the twisting movement of the friction body 2 when the safety device is placed on a rotatable surface, the purpose of which is to cause the safety device to end the movement. These coupling posts keep the friction body as stationary as possible and also prevent the friction body from falling out of the safety device braking members when they are in the retracted position. As shown in Fig. 4, these coupling struts 7 also connect the upper retaining plate 3 and the lower retaining plate 8 in such a way that all elements constituting the piston-cylinder system of the safety device are present between them. The coupling struts 7 protrude into openings in coupling arm plates 3 and 8 and are flattened or widened at the rear -8- * - -1 •% of the lower retaining plate 8 of the protection device 1.

As shown in Figs. 4 and 5, a spacer 9 serves to cover the rivet head of the coupling post 1 and to mount the rear coupling arm 5 or the lower retaining plate 8 flush with the bottom surface of the rear portion of the security device according to the invention. This can be seen in a simple manner from Figures 3, 4 and 5.

The safety device 1 according to the invention comprises a spring-loaded module, which is intended to activate a friction surface, and can be used as a securing means for installation on certain types of brakes and clutches. Figures 2, 4 and 5 indicate that the spring adjusting friction module is provided with a front end 10 and a rear end 11. The front end 15 is that part of the module which is located at the friction body 2. The rear end 11 of the module is that portion furthest from the friction body 2.

Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken on the line IV-IV of FIG. 1, with the friction body 2 projecting from the front face of the top plate. This section is rotated 90 ° in the right direction.

Fig. 5 is a sectional view along line V-V of FIG. 1, with the friction body 2 retracted and located at the front face of the top plate 3. This section is rotated 90 ° in the right direction.

The front end 10 is separated from the rear end 11 by a membrane 12, as shown in Figures 4 and 5.

As shown in Figures 4 and 5, the front end 10 includes a piston 13 which supports a magnetic ring 14. The graphite friction shoe 2 supports a steel ring 15 along its inner surface at the magnetic ring 14, which serves to keep the friction body 2 firmly in place at the piston 13.

Fig. 4 shows the friction body 2 extended outwardly from the top retaining plate 3 and in contact with the surface S of a rotatable part R, which may be cast iron. Fig. 5 shows the friction body 2 withdrawn to and in contact with the top retaining plate 3.

As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the security device generally includes a member defining a first cavity 16 defined by a fluid impermeable rubber or fabric membrane 12, partially contacting a first rigid member 17, which forms part of the front end 10. The flexible member 12 is partially spaced from the first rigid member 17 to form the cavity 16, as shown in the FIG. Figures 4 and 5. As shown in Figure 5, means 18 are provided to supply a hydraulic or pneumatic fluid, such as air, under pressure to the first cavity 16. These fluid supply means 18 comprise a conduit, which is attached to the front end 10 of the safety device and is also provided with a mouthpiece 19 which opens into the first cavity 16. The means 18 can also be used to drain fluid from the interior of the security device.

The security device also includes means shown in Figures 4 and 5 which define a second cavity 20 at the first cavity 16.

This second cavity is defined by the flexible membrane 12, which makes partial contact with a second rigid part 21, which is part of the rear end 11. The flexible part 12 is partly spaced from this second rigid part 21.

As shown in Figs. 4 and 5, in the second cavity 20 there is a third rigid part 22 which contacts the flexible membrane 12. The third part 22 is spaced from the second rigid part 21. In the second cavity 20 are resilient compressible members 23 and 24 disposed to contact the second rigid member 21 and the third rigid member 22 simultaneously. These resilient compressible members consist of a set of metallic springs consisting, for example, of cadmium or zinc plated compression springs consisting of a thin wire. Usually six springs are present in each of the two sets.

The six springs 23 of one set are equal to each other and have a larger diameter than the six equal springs 24 of the second set which have a smaller diameter.

The two sets of springs are housed in a cavity 25 formed in the stationary rear end portion of the rigid part 21 of the metallic module, which module is usually made of steel, the smallest diameter spring 24 within the spring 23 of the larger diameter and both are located in each cavity 25.

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There is one large spring 23 in the cavity and it is gripped along its outer diameter. A smaller spring 24 is housed in and held within the interior of the large spring 23 by a post 26 formed during cavity formation.

The embodiment with a first spring, which is housed within a second spring, has the advantage that a much greater spring pressure can be exerted and counteracted in a limited compact area than in the case that only one of the large springs was used. This embodiment with a first spring in a second spring has the further advantage that if one spring should break or be damaged, the other spring can still function in a reserve safety mode.

The second rigid part 21 serves to compress the springs 23 and 24 when air under pressure is supplied to the cavity 16 via the mouthpiece 19 at the front 15 of the diaphragm 12, which is part of the piston-cylinder system. The membrane 12 is moved backward, so that the front end of the module is moved backward. moved to compress the springs between the second rigid part 21 and the third rigid part 22. If the air pressure is sufficiently reduced by 2Ό, this allows the springs to relax and expand and the piston cover to move forward.

Therefore, when the fluid is supplied under pressure to the first cavity, the flexible member 12 of the first rigid member 17 is moved, thereby increasing the size of the first cavity 16. This increase in size is evident from a comparison of the smaller size of the cavity 16 in Fig. 4 with the larger size of the cavity 16 in Fig. 5. The flexible part 12 is moved to the second rigid part 21, whereby the dimensions of the the second cavity 20 decreases from the large size shown in FIG. 4 to the smaller size shown in FIG. 5. By decreasing the size of the second cavity 20, the springs 23 and 24 contained therein are also compressed, whereby this stationary surface friction body 2 of the movable surface S of a rotatable part R, as shown in Figs. 12 to 15 rotatable disc is moved.

When the fluid is discharged under pressure from the first cavity 16, the flexible membrane 12 is moved to the first rigid member 17 through the springs 23 and 24, whereby the. size of the first cavity 16 decreases. This is evident from a comparison of the large size of the first cavity 16 shown in FIG. 5, which is then shown in FIG. 4 as a much smaller size cavity.

While a decrease in the size of the first cavity 16 occurs as the membrane 12 is moved from the second rigid member 21, a simultaneous increase in the size of the second cavity 20 occurs. This is evident from Fig. 5, which shows the smaller size of the second cavity 20 as compared to Fig. 4, which shows the large size of the second cavity 20. Therefore, an increase in the size of the second cavity occurs due to an expansion of the resilient springs 23 and 24 contained in this cavity, whereby the stationary surface friction body 2 becomes to the movable surface S of the rotatable part R moved, of which part R the rotary movement is ended.

The security device has a reciprocating member or piston 13 which connects the friction body 2 to the flexible membrane 12 as shown in Figs. 4 and 5. This connecting member, the piston 13, consists of a Y-shaped fourth rigid member having a wide central portion 27 with L-shaped arms 28 and 29 continuously attached thereto, as shown in Figures 4 and 5.

In reality, the piston 13 comprises this central portion 27, which consists of a cylindrical tube with a dish-shaped flange integrally formed therewith, such that the outer ends are directed outwards in order to form the L-shaped arms 28 and 29 at a right angle. to shape. The central tube portion of the cylinder 27 is hollow and threaded so that fasteners 30 can be housed and held therein.

Therefore, the piston 13 includes the fourth rigid member 27 with a magnet 14, which is supported by the L-shaped arms 28 and 29 to keep the friction body 2 stationary. The front face 4 must be kept stationary.

The piston 13 further includes means at its other end for attaching the membrane 12 thereto. These fasteners include the resilient compressible set of springs 23 and 24 which press against the third rigid member 22, which in turn presses against the flexible membrane 12 to tightly press the flexible membrane against the fourth rigid member 13 along its central portion 27 thereof. to keep.

The fasteners further include means 30 for coupling the third rigid member 22 with the fourth rigid member 27 so as to fix the flexible member 12 therebetween.

A comparison of Figures 4 and 5 shows that when air is supplied under pressure through the nozzle 19, the flexible membrane 12 moves to the left as shown in Figures 4 and 5, i.e. 5 towards the rear end wall 8 the coupling members 30 moving to the rear face of the second rigid member 21. The end of the coupling members 30 rests in a notched portion 31 thereof.

The third rigid member 22 has an outer lip 36 and an inner lip 37, between which the inner springs 23, 24 are located. The outer lip 36 has a gradually curved portion that contacts the membrane 12.

As shown in Fig. 4, between the outer lip 36 and the gradually curved portion 38 of the member 21 is the zone height 16 in which a portion of the membrane 12 is formed into a curve-linear free-floating loop 39, such that that the membrane is not in contact with any of the rigid parts of the protection device. This free floating loop 39 allows the size of the cavity 16 to increase as the friction body 2 is withdrawn by the piston 13, as shown in FIG. 5, and allows the size of the cavity 16 to decrease. when the friction body 2 is moved outward by the piston 13, as shown in Fig. 4. As shown in Fig. 5, the loop 39 will rest against the shoulder 40 when the body 2 is fully retracted against the top retaining plate 3.

When the piston 13 moves from its position shown in Figure 4 to its position shown in Figure 5, the maximum distance the piston moves is indicated in Figure 4 as the length 32. This path of travel 32 is also equal to the distance by which the end of the connector 30 moves as it approaches the notched portion 31 of the rear face of the second rigid member 21. This path of movement 32 is also equal to the maximum distance the piston arms 28 and 29 travel when these arms move through the cylinder portion of the safety device, as determined by the space between the top retaining plate 3 and the front face of the first rigid member 17. This path of movement 32 is further equal to the maximum distance over which the central portion of the membrane 12, which is connected to the third rigid part 22, will move when the cavity 16 is expanded. ·; 3 * i -13- large, as shown in fig. 5.

As shown in Fig. 5, the front end portion 10 and the rear end portion 11 are also joined together by auxiliary fasteners 33, such as metallic screws.

As shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, the safety device 1 is connected to a stationary system, which can for instance consist of a part of the frame of a machine in which the safety device is to be used as a brake cylinder system. The security device 1 can for instance be attached to this stationary system by external fastening members 34, which may consist of a bolt.

As shown in Figures 4 and 5, membrane 12 generally separates the front end 10 from the rear end 11 of the protection device. The front end 15 has a silicone O-ring 35 located in the central portion of the wall of the first rigid member 17.

The Q-ring 35 provides a fluid-tight seal for the front end portion 10 about the piston 13 to prevent loss of fluid pressure, such as air pressure, during and after the stick-out and retraction stroke of the piston 13. If a hydraulic fluid is to be used, a known fluid seal member suitable therefor may be used in place of the silicone O-ring 35.

The forward end of the safety device serves as a web limiting device to also prevent the piston 13 from extending beyond its maximum stroke length 32. The front end 10 also serves as an air supply section for supplying and exhausting air through the two hose fittings 18 screwed into the front end in openings tapped therein. The piston 13 is the operational part of the piston-nuisance system since this piston moves the non-rotatable friction body 2 outwards and inwards against the rotatable friction surface S of the brake or clutch.

Any part of the security device that must be in contact with the flexible membrane will be sufficiently rounded and / or smooth enough to prevent damage or cutting of the membrane.

The security device 1 according to the invention can be used

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* -14- fa selectively frictionally interacts with a freely rotatable part, such as one of the freely rotatable shafts and friction surfaces, shown in Figures 6 to 15, in order to fully rotate a rotatable part. bring to a standstill.

FIG. 6 shows a top view of another embodiment of the safety device according to the invention, which is mounted on a rotatable shaft. Fig. 7 shows an axial end view of the safety device of FIG. 6 along the rotatable axis. Fig. 8 is a sectional view of the security device taken along line VIII-VIII 10 of FIG. 7 with the friction body extended. Fig. 9 is a sectional view of the security device taken along line IX-IX of FIG.

7, with the friction body retracted.

With reference to Figures 6, 7, 8 and 9, the same references as those of Figures 1 to 5 have been used for the same 15 parts in Figures 6 to 9, except that in Figures 6 to 9, references are prefixed "200" for the same parts depicted therein.

Furthermore, for the sake of brevity, a complete list and review of all parts of Figures 6 to 9, which are the same as the corresponding parts in Figures 1 to 5, will not be repeated except as to the explanation of how the embodiment of FIGS. 6 to 9 operates differently from the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 5.

The security device 201 is shown in FIGS. 6 to 9.

The security device 201 also includes the spring adjusting security members of FIGS. 1 to 5. The purpose of the device here is to provide a fail-resistant mechanical member to stop a rotatable mechanism. In the event of a situation in which no pneumatic pressure is applied to the safety brake to keep the brake in the off position or is not affected, the device will be actuated with sufficient pressure and torque by means of the release of the sets of springs is provided to stop the rotary bar mechanism on which the device is mounted.

The security device 201 consists of a number of individual parts, many of which are interchangeable with those of the security device 1 discussed above. This device has a j * ", ·> r;« ** · '. "? I * j> -15- cylindrical housing 50 mounted on a rotatable shaft 51. This housing 50 is held stationary by a key 52 and adjusting screw 53, which fit into a shoulder 54 of the friction disc 55 and by an adjusting screw collar 56, which the inner path 57 of a first ball bearing housing 58 fits the rear end 211 of the security device 201. The key 52 and the adjusting screw 53 are located on the front end 210.

The front end 210 of the security device also includes a second ball bearing housing 59 that fits around the part 54. Due to the combined action of the first and second ball bearing housings 58 and 59, the safety device 201 is kept concentric to the shaft 51, because any internal components cannot contact the shaft. This can be seen from Figures 8 and 9, in which the non-contacting tolerance distance or gap 60 between the rotatable shaft 51 and 15 is maintained by the non-rotatable but reciprocating or stationary parts of the safety device. The non-rotatable but reciprocable friction body 202 will be kept immovable and stationary when pressed against the brake disc 55.

While the brake disc 55 would rotate when the support shaft 51 rotates, all other components are fixed and stationary. As shown in Fig. 9, this is accomplished by mounting a support (not shown) between a stationary part of the machine and the device 201. Tapped openings 61 are housed in the housing 50 and openings 62 are provided in the rear end 211 for this purpose. This allows the friction brake disc 55 to rotate together with the shaft 51 while all other components in the housing 50 remain non-rotational.

The stationary non-rotatable friction body 202 is disposed about the first movable surface or the shaft 51 and at the second movable surface or the disc brake 55 by means of at least one or two of the two sets of ball bearings in the two housings 58 and 59 .

As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, a reciprocating member or piston 213 is provided which connects the friction body 202 to the flexible membrane 212. The piston 213 includes a central portion 227 with a fully through concentric bore, which provides a clearance around the rotatable shaft 51, allowing the piston to reciprocate freely about the shaft. The central section 227

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-16- is threaded at both ends so that the saucer-shaped threaded flange with right-angled L-shaped arms 228 and 229 can be attached thereto at connection 63. At the other end of the portion 227, the threaded third rigid member 222 is attached thereto at the threaded connection 64.

As shown in Fig. 8, the first rigid member consists of the member 217, the second rigid member consists of the member 221 and the third rigid member consists of the member 222, while the fourth rigid member consists of the reciprocating piston 213. The threaded connection 64 forms part of the central portion 227 and forms part of the member at the rear end of the fourth rigid member 213 for attaching the flexible membrane 212 thereto. Thus, this threaded connection 64 forms part 15 of the member to couple the third rigid member 222 to the fourth rigid member 213 to secure the flexible membrane therebetween.

The housing 50, which is made of metal, can be made of aluminum and serves to keep the safety device 207 firmly together.

The housing 50 can guide axially over all components therein and is internally supported by the first and second sets of ball bearings in the housings 58 and 59. The housing 50 is held in place by the fasteners or metal screws, 61, shown in FIGS. 6, 7 and 9. When a change in the frictional body 202 becomes necessary, the degree of frictional body wear can be observed through the slots 65, which are evenly spaced along the outside of the housing. These openings 65 also serve to allow heat generated by the friction between the body 202 and the disc 55 to be dissipated, thereby cooling the internal components. To exchange the friction bodies 202, the screws 61 are removed from the housing 50 and the set screw collar 56 is loosened at the rear end of the shaft 60. The two air hose fittings 218 and the internal assembly are moved outwardly from the interior of the housing, providing easy access to the friction body 202.

In summary, the security device 201 operates in the same manner

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As the safety device 1 since the two devices 1 and 201 comprise a friction module with a set of springs. However, the devices 1 and 201 differ in that the protection device 1 is intended to be used as a component of a brake or clutch, singly or in a number of units to obtain the desired protection area or the desired coupling factor. The safety device 201 is an integral unit, which is intended to be used only in braking or coupling operations.

The safety device can be used in continuous slip operation, where the friction module with a set of springs remains in the retracted position when air pressure on the membrane compresses the springs. For example, if an operator of a wrapping machine shuts off the air pressure prematurely or significantly reduces the air supply, impeding proper operation of the standard holders, resulting in loss of tension in the wrapped material, the friction module with the set of springs will actuate and again meet the tension requirements or apply sufficient pressure to the mechanism to stop it. This will prevent any damage to the product being unwound or injury to personnel until the time when the source of the problem is found and corrected or the machine is turned off. The friction modules with a set of springs therefore cause the protection device to compensate for the rest of the braking systems should it become unoperable. In a purely security-oriented operation, a brake or clutch containing only spring-loaded modules would remain at rest as needed, as in an emergency. Thereafter, the facility would operate under controlled or uncontrolled conditions.

Fig. 10 shows the security device 1 used in combination with a rotatable brake wheel 70. While FIG. 10 shows the use of three different security devices 1, only one of these security devices is necessary. Fig. 10 also indicates how the security device 1 is pivotally swingable outward (indicated by dotted line IA) from the brake wheel 70 outwardly about 35 external fasteners 34. This allows the security device 1 to be periodically inspected, repaired or replaced. . This swinging movement of the security device 1 is also effected; in Fig. 12 (with a dotted line IA). The slot-shaped channel 95 in Fig. 14 also provides a means for this swinging movement of the device 1.

Fig. 11 is a sectional view of the combination of FIG. 10 along line XI-XII of FIG. 10. The rotatable wheel 70 consists of two parallel discs 71 and 72 centered to have the same longitudinal axis, and each disk has a diameter with the same value as the other disk. These two parallel discs 71 and 72 are joined together at the central portion 73 of the wheel. A rotatable shaft 74 is mounted in a channel in the center of the central portion 73 of the wheel.

There are a plurality of cooling fins 75 which are equidistant from each other and which extend radially outwardly to the orator of each rotatable disc from a point approximately in the center of each disc, measured in the radial direction from the centerline of the shaft 74.

External fasteners 34 for the security device 1 include a bolt or pin extending through a flange 76 connected to a stationary stationary system (not shown), such as part of the frame of a machine, or part of a frame. structure, at the security device 1. A coil spring 77, which is optionally fitted around each bolt, serves to absorb vibrations and minimize decentering by the security device 1 during use.

Pressurized air is supplied to the security device 1 according to Fig. 11 via a fluid supply line 78. This protection device comprises a tandem set of friction modules arranged back to back with a set of springs provided with double friction bodies 2 and 2A. These bodies 2 and 2A are parallel to each other and parallel to the inner surfaces of the discs 71 and 72, respectively.

Even though double protection devices and two friction bodies are provided, as shown in Fig. 11, only a single body 2 is required to adequately rotate the wheel 70. way to end.

When a sufficient pressure is present in the fluid supply line 78, the double friction bodies 2 and 2A will be emptied from the inner surfaces of the rotatable discs 71 and 72 and kept out of contact therewith. Therefore, these discs can rotate freely when the wheel 70 rotates about its rotation axis 74. If a significant decrease occurs in the pressure in the fluid supply line 78, the double friction bodies 2 and 2A 5 will be moved out and away from each other. The bodies 2 and 2A will be brought into non-rotatable contact with the rotating inner surfaces of the rotating discs 71 and 72, such that the rotating wheel 70 and the rotating shaft 74 are stopped.

Figures 12 and 13 show the safety device 1 used in combination with a single brake disc 80. The safety device 1 is constructed and arranged in the manner of a caliper system relative to the disc 80.

As indicated in Fig. 13, at least two safety devices 1 are provided, each of which is arranged parallel to the disc 80 and to each other on either side of the disc 80. External fasteners 34 help to position and maintain these security devices 1 in this fixed relationship by attaching the security devices to an L-shaped support 81. The support 81 is connected to a stationary stationary system 82.

Pressurized air is supplied to the security devices of FIG. 13 via fluid supply lines 78. The safety device comprises a pair of safety devices 1, which are arranged such that the friction bodies 2 and 2A are on opposite sides of the disk 80 and parallel to the rotatable surfaces of the disk 80.

Even though a pair of safety devices and two friction bodies are provided, as shown in Fig. 13, only a single body 2 is required to adequately terminate the rotation of the disk 80.

When sufficient air pressure is present in the fluid supply lines 78, the pair of friction bodies 2 and 2A will be retracted with respect to and kept out of contact with the opposite sides of the rotatable disc-80, thereby allowing the disc 80 to free around the rotatable rotate shaft 83 thereof. If a significant decrease in pressure in the fluid supply lines 78 occurs, the pair of friction bodies 2 and 2A will be moved outwardly from each device 1. The friction bodies 2 and 2A will come into non-rotatable contact with the rotating opposite sides of the rotating disk 80 and with such force that the rotating disk 80 and the rotating shaft 83 are stopped. Figures 14 and 15 show the safety devices 1, which, in combination with both a rotatable wheel, corresponding to the wheel 70 according to Figures 10 and 11, and a rotatable disk, corresponding to the disk 80 according to Figures 12 and 13, are shown. used. The wheel 70 and the disk 80 are attached together and rotate together about the axis 74 so that they are coaxial and concentric with the axis 74, which forms a common axis of rotation. For the sake of brevity, the above description of the operation of these constituent parts 70 and 80 will not be repeated.

Figures 14 and 15 also show that the same fluid supply metering system 90 may be used to control the air pressure and the volumetric flow rate simultaneously for the fluid supply lines 78 for the safety devices 1 provided at the wheel 70 and the disc 80. set.

The dosing system 90 serves to control the air pressure in the fluid supply transfer lines 91 and 92. This is done in such a way that the pressure in the transfer line 91 to the disk pressure distributor 93 is coordinated with the pressure in the transfer line 92 to the wheel pressure distributor 94.

Air under a sufficient pressure flows via the supply pipe 91 to the disc pressure distributor 93, in which the air is redistributed via the pipes 78 to the safety devices 1, which are in the manner of a caliper on the opposite surfaces of the disc 80 lined up. Air at the same sufficient pressure flows via the supply line 92 to the wheel pressure distributor 94, in which the air is redistributed via the lines 78 to the safety devices 1, which are arranged at the inner surfaces of the wheel 70.

As long as the pressure of the air to the control system 90 is sufficient, the friction bodies 2 and 2A will be retracted and kept at a distance from the rotatable surface where the bodies are located, allowing rotation thereof to continue.

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If the air pressure decreases significantly, the control system 90 will coordinate this pressure drop to equalize it through the transfer lines 91 and 92. This will equalize the pressure in the manifolds 93 and 94, allowing pressure equalization through all leads 78 to all security devices 1 is caused. Therefore, all the safety devices 1 will respond to the pressure drop by simultaneously moving the friction body outward in non-rotary contact with the rotating surfaces. Therefore, the rotational movement of the disc brake 80, the wheel brake 70 and the axle 74 will be terminated simultaneously.

The combination of safety device 1 with a rotatable wheel brake 70 disposed therewith and / or with a rotatable disc brake 80 disposed therewith forms a safety system. The wheel 70 and the brake 80, when used in combination 15, should preferably be concentrically united and arranged coaxially about a common axis of rotation.

i

Claims (14)

1. Safety device for selectively controlling the movement of a movable surface by means of a stationary surface, characterized by means defining a first cavity, comprising a flexible part, which makes partial contact with a first rigid part the flexible part being partially spaced from the first rigid part, means for supplying a pressurized fluid to the first cavity, means defining a second cavity at the first cavity, provided with the flexible part partially contacting a second rigid member 10 and with the flexible member partially spaced from the second rigid member, a third rigid member in the second cavity contacting the flexible member and spaced from the second rigid residing resiliently compressible members in the second cavity disposed to 15 simultaneously contacting the second rigid part and the third rigid part, and members connecting the stationary surface to the flexible part, such that when a fluid is supplied under pressure to the first cavity, the flexible part of the first rigid part is moved to increase the size of the first cavity, and the flexible part is moved to the second rigid part to decrease the size of the second cavity by compressing the resilient members therein, and thus the stationary moving surface away from the movable surface, and such that when the fluid is discharged under pressure from the first cavity, the flexible member is moved toward the first rigid member to reduce the size of the first cavity, and the flexible part of the second rigid part is moved to the size of the two enlarge the cavity by expanding the resilient members therein to move the stationary surface towards the movable surface. Security device according to claim 1, characterized in that the resilient compressible members comprise spring members. j .J -23- Security device according to claim 2, characterized in that the spring members consist of a first spring, which is housed within a second spring. Security device according to claim 1, characterized in that the connecting members comprise a fourth rigid part with members for supporting the stationary surface at one end thereof. Security device according to claim 4, characterized in that the. connecting members are further provided with members at the other end of the fourth rigid member to attach the flexible member thereto. Security device according to claim 5, characterized in that the fastening members are provided with the resilient compressible members, which press against the third rigid part, which in turn presses against the flexible part, in order to tighten the flexible part keep the fourth rigid part. Security device according to claim 6, characterized in that the fastening members further comprise means for coupling the third rigid part to the fourth rigid part in order to fix the flexible part therebetween. Security device according to claim 1, characterized by means for positioning the stationary surface around a first movable surface and at a second movable surface. Security device according to claim 8, characterized in that the positioning members are provided with at least one set of ball bearings in a housing. Security device according to claim 8, characterized in that the positioning members comprise a first set of ball bearings in a first housing at one end of the security device and a second set of ball bearings in a second housing at another end of the security device. Security system, characterized by at least one security device according to claim 1 and a rotatable wheel located at the security device. Security system, characterized by at least one security device according to claim 1 and a rotatable disc located at the security device. * f -24- Security system, characterized by at least two security devices according to claim 1, a rotatable wheel located at one of these two security devices, and a rotatable disc connected to the rotatable wheel and located at the other of the two security devices the wheel and disk are concentrically connected to each other and arranged coaxially about a common axis of rotation. 14. A safety device for selectively controlling the movement of a movable surface by means of a stationary surface, characterized by a friction module with a set of springs provided with means for supplying a fluid under pressure therewith to form a set of springs in the module together. to keep the stationary surface retracted and spaced from the movable surface, and when the pressure of this fluid is reduced, the previously compressed set of springs can expand and the previously retracted stationary surface is compressed with sufficient force. contact with the movable surface to terminate the latter's movement. %