NL2026355B1 - A Seed Coating Agent, a Coating Seed and its Preparation Method for Coastal Wetlands - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a seed coating agent, a coating seed and its preparation method for coastal wetlands, which belongs to the field of coating seed preparation. The kernel coating agent of the seed coating agent of the invention comprises macroelement fertilizer, microelement fertilizer, plant growth regulator, water-retaining agent, desalting agent, attapulgite, clay, carbon nanotube and water, the shell coating agent comprises chitosan, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and water, and the weight ratio of the kernel coating agent to the shell coating agent is (65-85): (3-5). The invention first pretreats the seeds, and then sequentially coats the kernel coating agent and the shell coating agent. The preparation method 10 is simple and and the popularization is strong, and it provides a new way for the restoration of degraded vegetation in coastal wetlands.

Description

A Seed Coating Agent, a Coating Seed and its Preparation Method for Coastal Wetlands Technical Field

[001] The invention relates to the field of coating seed preparation technology, in particular to a seed coating agent, a coating seed and its preparation method for coastal wetlands.

Background Technology

[002] As one of the earth’s three major ecosystems, wetland plays an important and unique ecological function, and is known as the “Kidney of the Earth”. However, due to the dual pressure of population explosion and economic development, coupled with excessive resource development and pollution, wetland species have been seriously damaged.

[003] In the unique environment of coastal wetlands, tidal events play an important role in the transmission and distribution of vegetation seeds. In some areas, aquaculture ponds, batardeau, bank stabilization and other projects block the tidal action, so that the seeds of coastal vegetation can not normally diffuse and flow, and the distribution is uneven, resulting in the patchiness of vegetation planting, and gradually forming barren spot areas. In addition, the seeds of coastal vegetation are mostly small and light, and they can not settle effectively when encountering barren spot areas during the process of being coerced by tidal action. Finally, they gather in the areas with vegetation community distribution, which makes the phenomenon of patchiness more and more serious. Under this diffusion model, successful germination and seedling establishment are highly dependent on whether there is sufficient nutrition, appropriate salinity and moisture in the seed interception area, and it is not affected by predation. How to make the seeds disperse reasonably, and how to plant and germinate effectively is the key node of the ecological protection and restoration practice of coastal salt marsh wetlands.

[004] Currently, the seed coating technology is mainly applied in the agricultural field, but has not been applied in the ecological restoration of coastal wetlands. Moreover, in related technologies, there are a large amount of organic or inorganic chemical substances in the effective components of seed coating agents, which has high cost and will cause environmental pollution. In addition, the unique tidal environment, soil salinization, spring drought and other phenomena of coastal wetlands are also a test of seed coating technology. Summary of the Invention

[005] The purpose of the invention is to provide a seed coating agent, a coating seed and its preparation method for coastal wetlands, so as to solve the above-mentioned problems in the existing technology.

[006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following solutions:

[007] The invention provides a seed coating agent, comprising a kernel coating agent and a shell coating agent, which is characterized in that, the kernel coating agent comprises 1 macroelement fertilizer, microelement fertilizer, plant growth regulator, water-retaining agent, desalting agent, attapulgite, clay, carbon nanotube and water, and the shell coating agent comprises chitosan, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and water;

[008] The weight ratio of the kernel coating agent to the shell coating agent is (65-85): (3-5).

[009] Further, the kernel coating agent is calculated in parts by weight, and the raw materials comprise the following components:

[0010] 25-35 parts of macroelement fertilizers, 0.5-1.2 parts of microelement fertilizers, 0.01-

0.05 parts of plant growth regulators, 2-4 parts of water-retaining agents, 1-2.5 parts of desalting agents, 45-55 parts of attapulgite, 30-45 parts of clay, 10-12 parts of carbon nanotubes and 25-35 parts of water.

[0011] Further, the shell coating agent is calculated in parts by weight, and the raw materials comprise the following components:

[0012] 5-8 parts of chitosan, 1-3 parts of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and 20-25 parts of water.

[0013] Further, the microelement fertilizer is one or more of boric acid, ammonium molybdate, copper sulfate and ferrous sulfate.

[0014] Further, the plant growth regulator is indolebutyric acid or naphthaleneacetic acid.

[0015] Further, the water-retaining agent is humic acid.

[0016] Further, the desalting agent is zeolite or calcium bentonite.

[0017] Further, the mesh number of the attapulgite is 300-500 mesh, and the mesh number of the clay is 300-500 mesh.

[0018] The invention also provides a coating seed, comprising a seed and a seed coating agent, the seed coating agent is the seed coating agent as described in any one of Claims 1-8.

[0019] The invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned coating seeds, which comprises the following steps:

[0020] (1) Seed Pretreatment: Remove impurities and dry the seeds;

[0021] (2) Coating Kernel Coating Agent:

[0022] a. Mix the attapulgite and carbon nanotube evenly at the rotating speed of 250-350r/min, add macroelement fertilizer, microelement fertilizer, plant growth regulator and water, and stir for 5-10 min to obtain the mixture A;

[0023] b. Add seeds to mixture A, stir for 1-2min at the rotating speed of 300-450r/min;

[0024] c. Keep the rotating speed constant, add water-retaining agent, desalting agent and clay, mix and granulate for 5-10 min, and then obtain the seeds coated with kernel coating;

[0025] (3) Coating Shell Coating Agent:

[0026] Uniformly disperse the chitosan and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose in water to obtain a dispersion, and ultrasonically immerse the seeds coated with kernel coating prepared in Step (2) in the dispersion for 20-25 min to obtain the coating seeds.

[0027] The invention discloses the following technical effects: 2

[0028] The outer coating agent of the coating seeds of the invention is composed of chitosan and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, which can not only coat other components on the surface of the seeds, but also improve the adhesion fastness of the active components, improve the water resistance and wave resistance ability of the coating seeds and the uniformity of the coating, and reduce the dropout rate of the seed coating. In addition, chitosan has good water permeability and air permeability effects, so that the seeds have a higher emergence rate. Carboxymethyl cellulose, as a hydrophilic polymer, can ensure good water absorption effect after the coating seeds are sowed.

[0029] The kernel coating agent of the invention uses carbon nanotube to “Net” the active components of macroelement fertilizer, microelement fertilizer and plant growth regulator, and can form a micro “Active Ingredient Library” around the seeds. After the coating seeds are sown in coastal areas, the rich porous structure of carbon nanotubes can provide air-permeable and water-permeable ducts, so that oxygen and moisture can reach the inside of the seeds in time through the ducts, so the seeds can germinate normally.

[0030] The invention adds clay components to the seed coating agent, which is used to increase the quality of the coating seeds, can effectively resist the impact of tides and play a role in wave prevention. The organic matter contained in it supplies nutrients during eed germination and seedling, which provides balanced mineral nutrient elements for seedling growth, so as to promote the development and growth of roots at seedling stage; attapulgite can effectively inhibit the germination of seeds before sowing and the growth of bacteria and microorganisms at seedling stage. It has good water absorption and expansion, and can provide a large amount of air for seed germination while maintaining moisture.

[0031] The kernel coating agent of the invention also contains water-retaining agent and desalting agent. After the coating seeds are sown, the water-retaining agent will quickly absorb moisture and make the seeds settle. After settling, the seeds will be combined with the soil to achieve seed planting, so as to improve the ability of resisting the impact of wind and waves, and the coating seeds will form a “Micro Reservoir” after the tide comes every time; the addition of desalting agent reduces the salinity of the surrounding soil and further promotes the germination of seeds. Meanwhile, under the action of water molecules, the active ingredients in the “Active Ingredient Library” are slowly released through the ducts and gradually come into contact with the seeds and adjacent soil, and participate in the physiological and biochemical process of seed growth and development, so as to significantly improve the survival rate of seeds and seedlings.

[0032] From the perspective of seed enhancement, the invention aims at the phenomenon of coastal wetland vegetation degradation caused by the unique tidal phenomenon and soil salinization of coastal wetlands, and produces composite coating seeds with wave protection, water retention and salt tolerance, which can effectively improve the destruction and interference of tidal events on soil seed bank and germination of seedlings, and cope with the 3 inhibition of spring drought on seed germination. What's more, the preparation method is simple and the popularization is strong, so as to provide a new way for the restoration of degraded vegetation in coastal wetlands. Detailed Description of the Presently Preferred Embodiments

[0033] Embodiment 1

[0034] The seed coating agent of this embodiment is calculated in parts by weight, and the raw materials comprise the following components:

[0035] Kernel Coating Agent: 25 parts of macroelement fertilizers, 0.5 parts of microelement fertilizers, 0.03 parts of plant growth regulators, 3 parts of water-retaining agents, 1 part of desalting agent, 55 parts of attapulgite, 30 parts of clay, 11 parts of carbon nanotubes and 25 parts of water.

[0036] Among them, the macroelement fertilizer is the mixture of urea, potassium chloride and potassium dihydrogen phosphate according to the mass of 2:1:1; the microelement fertilizer is the mixture of ammonium molybdate, copper sulfate and ferrous sulfate according to the mass of 1:1:1; the plant growth regulator is indolebutyric acid; the water-retaining agent is humic acid; the desalting agent is zeolite.

[0037] In this embodiment, the mesh number of the attapulgite is 300 mesh, and the mesh number of the clay is 500 mesh.

[0038] Shell Coating Agent: 5 parts of chitosan, 3 parts of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and parts of water.

[0039] The preparation for coating seeds:

[0040] (1) Seed Pretreatment: Remove impurities and dry the seeds;

[0041] (2) Coating Kernel Coating Agent:

[0042] a. Mix the attapulgite and carbon nanotube evenly at the rotating speed of 250r/min, add 25 macroelement fertilizer, microelement fertilizer, plant growth regulator and water, and stir for 5min to obtain the mixture A;

[0043] b. Add seeds to mixture A, stir for 2min at the rotating speed of 450r/min;

[0044] c. Keep the rotating speed constant, add water-retaining agent, desalting agent and clay, mix and granulate for 8min, and then obtain the seeds coated with kernel coating;

[0045] (3) Coating Shell Coating Agent:

[0046] Uniformly disperse the chitosan and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose in water to obtain a dispersion, and ultrasonically immerse the seeds coated with kernel coating prepared in Step (2) in the dispersion for 20min to obtain the coating seeds.

[0047] Among them, the weight ratio of the kernel coating agent to the shell coating agent is 83:5, and the weight ratio of the seed to the seed coating agent is 1: 45.

[0048] Embodiment 2 4

[0049] The seed coating agent of this embodiment is calculated in parts by weight, and the raw materials comprise the following components:

[0050] Kernel Coating Agent: 30 parts of macroelement fertilizers, 1.2 parts of microelement fertilizers, 0.01 parts of plant growth regulators, 2 parts of water-retaining agents, 2 parts of desalting agents, 45 parts of attapulgite, 40 parts of clay, 10 parts of carbon nanotubes and 30 parts of water.

[0051] Among them, the macroelement fertilizer is the mixture of urea, potassium chloride and potassium dihydrogen phosphate according to the mass of 2:1:1.5; the microelement fertilizer is the mixture of ammonium molybdate and boric acid according to the mass of 1:1; the plant growth regulator is naphthaleneacetic acid; the water-retaining agent is humic acid; the desalting agent is calcium bentonite.

[0052] In this embodiment, the mesh number of the attapulgite is 400 mesh, and the mesh number of the clay is 300 mesh.

[0053] Shell Coating Agent: 7 parts of chitosan, 2 parts of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and parts of water.

[0054] The preparation for coating seeds:

[0055] (1) Seed Pretreatment: Remove impurities and dry the seeds;

[0056] (2) Coating Kernel Coating Agent:

[0057] a. Mix the attapulgite and carbon nanotube evenly at the rotating speed of 300r/min, add 20 macroelement fertilizer, microelement fertilizer, plant growth regulator and water, and stir for 10min to obtain the mixture A;

[0058] b. Add seeds to mixture A, stir for 1min at the rotating speed of 300r/min;

[0059] c. Keep the rotating speed constant, add water-retaining agent, desalting agent and clay, mix and granulate for 10min, and then obtain the seeds coated with kernel coating;

[0060] (3) Coating Shell Coating Agent:

[0061] Uniformly disperse the chitosan and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose in water to obtain a dispersion, and ultrasonically immerse the seeds coated with kernel coating prepared in Step (2) in the dispersion for 25min to obtain the coating seeds.

[0062] Among them, the weight ratio of the kernel coating agent to the shell coating agent is 85:3, and the weight ratio of the seed to the seed coating agent is 1: 35.

[0063] Embodiment 3

[0064] The seed coating agent of this embodiment is calculated in parts by weight, and the raw materials comprise the following components:

[0065] Kernel Coating Agent: 35 parts of macroelement fertilizers, 1 part of microelement fertilizer, 0.05 parts of plant growth regulators, 4 parts of water-retaining agents, 2.5 parts of desalting agents, 50 parts of attapulgite, 45 parts of clay, 12 parts of carbon nanotubes and 35 parts of water.

5

[0066] Among them, the macroelement fertilizer is the mixture of urea, potassium chloride and potassium dihydrogen phosphate according to the mass of 2:1.5:1; the microelement fertilizer is ammonium molybdate; the plant growth regulator is indolebutyric acid; the water-retaining agent is humic acid; the desalting agent is zeolite.

[0067] In this embodiment, the mesh number of the attapulgite is 500 mesh, and the mesh number of the clay is 400 mesh.

[0068] Shell Coating Agent: 8 parts of chitosan, 1 part of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and 23 parts of water.

[0069] The preparation for coating seeds:

[0070] (1) Seed Pretreatment. Remove impurities and dry the seeds;

[0071] (2) Coating Kernel Coating Agent:

[0072] a. Mix the attapulgite and carbon nanotube evenly at the rotating speed of 350r/min, add macroelement fertilizer, microelement fertilizer, plant growth regulator and water, and stir for 8min to obtain the mixture A;

[0073] b. Add seeds to mixture A, stir for 2min at the rotating speed of 400r/min;

[0074] c. Keep the rotating speed constant, add water-retaining agent, desalting agent and clay, mix and granulate for 5min, and then obtain the seeds coated with kernel coating;

[0075] (3) Coating Shell Coating Agent:

[0076] Uniformly disperse the chitosan and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose in water to obtain a dispersion, and ultrasonically immerse the seeds coated with kernel coating prepared in Step (2) in the dispersion for 23min to obtain the coating seeds.

[0077] Among them, the weight ratio of the kernel coating agent to the shell coating agent is 65:4, and the weight ratio of the seed to the seed coating agent is 1: 40.

[0078] Comparative Example 1

[0079] The difference from Embodiment 1 is that no carbon nanotube is added.

[0080] Comparative Example 2

[0081] The difference from Embodiment 1 is that no sodium carboxymethyl cellulose is added.

[0082] Comparative Example 3

[0083] The difference from Embodiment 1 is that no attapulgite is added.

[0084] The properties of coating seeds prepared in Embodiments 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3 were tested, and the statistical results of the test are shown in Table 1: 6

[0085] Table 1 Average Settling Water Water-retaining Emergence |e ee te | aen (9/9) Comparative 6.15 2.3 7.6 56.1

EE Comparative 5.34 2.1 7.7 60.1 | CTT Comparative 6.36 2.5 7.9 61.2 | TT

[0086] The above described embodiments are only to describe the preferred method of the invention, but not to limit the scope of the invention. On the premise of not departing from the design spirit of the invention, various deformations and improvements made by those ordinary technical personnel in this field to the technical solutions of the invention shall fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the invention. 7

Claims (10)

1. A kind of seed coating agent, consists of a core coating agent and a sheath coating agent, is characterized by: the core coating agent contains macro element fertilizer, micro element fertilizer, plant growth regulators, water retention agents, desalting agents, attapulgite, clay, carbon nanotubes and water, and the casing coating agent contains chitosan, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and water; The weight ratio between the aforementioned core coating agent and shell coating agent is (65-85):(3-5). A kind of seed coating agent according to claim 1, characterized by: the core coating agent is calculated on the basis of the weight proportion of the ingredients and the raw materials consist of the following components: The proportion of macro element fertilizer is 25-35, micro element fertilizer is 0.5 -1.2, plant growth regulators is 0.01-0.05, water retention agents is 2-4, desalination agents is 1-2.5, attapulgite is 45-55, clay is 30-45, carbon nanotubes is 10-12, and water is 25-35. A kind of seed coating agent according to claim 1, characterized by: the aforesaid casing coating agent is calculated by weight, and the raw materials are composed of the following components: The proportion of chitosan is 5-8, sodium carboxymethylcellulose is 1-3, and water is 20 -25. A kind of seed coating agent according to claim 1, characterized by: the microelement fertilizer is one or more of the boric acid, ammonium molybdate, copper sulphate and ferrous sulphate. A kind of seed coating agent according to claim 1, characterized by: said plant growth regulator is indole butyric acid or naphthalene acetic acid. A kind of seed coating agent according to claim 1, characterized by: said water retention agent is humic acid. A kind of seed coating agent according to claim 1, characterized by: said desalting agent is zeolite or calcium bentonite. A kind of seed coating agent according to claim 1, characterized by: the aforesaid mesh number of the attapulgite is 300-500 mesh and of the clay is 300-500 mesh. 8 A kind of coated seed consisting of a seed and a seed coating agent, wherein the seed coating agent is the aforementioned seed coating agent according to any one of claims 1-8, and the weight ratio between the seed and the seed coating agent is 1:{35-45). The method for preparing coated seeds according to claim 9, characterized by including the following steps: (1) Pre-treatment of seeds: remove the impurities and dehydrate the seeds; (2) Coating the core with coating agent: a. Mix the attapulgite and carbon nanotubes evenly at a speed of 250-350rpm, add macro element fertilizer, micro element fertilizer, plant growth regulators and water and stir for 5-10 minutes to mix A to obtain; b. Add seeds to mixture A, stir at 300-450rpm for 1-2 minutes; c. Keeping the rotation speed constant, adding water retention agent, desalting agent and clay, mixing and granulating for 5-10 minutes to coat the seeds with core coating agent; (3)Seed coating agent for coating the shell: First, the chitosan and sodium carboxymethylcellulose are evenly dispersed in water to obtain a dispersion liquid; then, the seeds coated with the core coating agent and obtained in step (2) are ultrasonically soaked in dispersion liquid for 20-25 minutes, thereby obtaining the coated seeds. 9