NL1012815C2 - Foundation as well as method for manufacturing it. - Google Patents

Abstract

Foundation, and method for the production of such a foundation. It is proposed that it be based on prefabricated concrete elements. The elements consist of base elements (2) and end elements (4). Each element is provided with two sockets for receiving pretensioning cables (6), which sockets are situated at a distance from each other, viewed in the vertical direction, and extend over the full length of the element. End elements are provided with further sockets relating to the other direction in which such end elements extend. After the elements have been placed against each other in the form of a closed curve, the tensioning cables are fitted in the sockets concerned and pretensioning is applied by means of pretensioning anchors comprising pretensioning nuts. Thereafter, the pretensioning anchors are sealed off relative to the environment, and the foundation is ready for use.

Description

4

Foundation as well as method for manufacturing it.

The present invention relates to a foundation comprising a concrete body, which extends according to a closed curve, which body 5 is provided with a reinforcement, which body is built up from a number of basic elements and end elements, each seen in height direction, with at least two spaced first fixtures for tension members extending substantially parallel to the entire length of said element, in which tension members are arranged, wherein at least the end elements are provided with at least two further images in the direction of height spaced apart extending substantially parallel to the entire length of that element for receiving tension members, and in which tension members are disposed, said further receptacles extending at an angle to said first receptacles, and means provided on said tension members externally on 15 those elements. Such a foundation is known from Japanese patent application 5-306526. After fitting supports such as piles, a number of blocks are placed thereon on the heads thereof in order to function as formwork. The blocks are held together by means of tension bars to which tension nuts are applied. Diagonal bars extend into the rectangular-shaped blocks. After such a construction has been realized, all this is filled with concrete. The applied tension on the bars is relatively small and only serves to hold together the blocks that act as formwork during pouring. It is not possible to transfer large clamping forces with tension rods. In view of the high cost of removing formwork, in the prior art such formwork is left one with the foundation that has been poured.

In Japanese patent publication 622696016, a corresponding compound is disclosed which serves as subsequent formwork.

For large buildings that mainly serve as protection against the environment, such as 30 storage sheds and factory halls, the cost of the foundation is often very high compared to the other costs of the building. This is because the building uses construction techniques typical of its use, while the foundation uses conventional techniques 1012815-2 which are also used in homes, offices and the like. This means that in many cases it will first be driven, then a reinforcement structure will be applied to the ends of the piles, after which a concrete beam will be poured on site.

5 In practice, such a foundation does not have to be heavy. After all, because the building mainly serves as weather protection, it is made of relatively light material. In general, this consists exclusively of a light inner and outer wall, for example a metallic profile between which an insulating layer is arranged. The floor often rests on the existing bottom and is not piled.

The aim of the present invention is to make the foundation of buildings lighter and simpler, while moreover it is possible to reuse such a foundation.

This object is achieved in the above-described foundation in that the said prestressing members comprise prestressing cables and that a permanent free space is limited within said elements.

Such a foundation is particularly easy to realize. After all, prefabricated elements are used, which are provided with recordings that are on the same level during the joining together. After placing the elements and applying the prestressing cables or prestressing bars and tensioning them, the foundation is in principle ready for use. This means that such a foundation can be placed under unfavorable weather conditions and it is not necessary to wait for the concrete to harden. This has already taken place in the factory. Moreover, the concrete mixture can be manufactured under factory conditions, which is more optimal than production at the workplace. In contrast to the structures described in the above Japanese applications, the foundation is ready immediately after the prestressing of the prestressing cables. With the prestressing cables it is possible to apply large prestressing forces, for example between 60 and 120 tons between adjacent elements. In principle, the construction according to the invention need not be piled. Due to the large prestressing forces, a stable whole is obtained. The space within, for example, elements arranged in a square is empty after the foundation is ready. That is, no diagonal tension bars or the like extend into it. This is also not permissible. Only such objects are acceptable if they are later surrounded with concrete material and it is precisely one of the features of the present invention that such pouring of concrete material does not take place.

If the element has a substantially T-shaped profile in which the flange of the T is arranged to rest on the bottom of the foundation, in many cases it is no longer necessary to drive the construction. After all, such a large bearing surface is created by the flange of the "T" that, if necessary, after pre-compaction of the soil, by applying a reinforcing layer consisting of sand, gravel or the like, sufficient bearing capacity of the soil can be obtained.

It will be understood that with the currently proposed construction with a very limited number of elements, any desired foundation can be obtained. The basic elements, i.e. the "longitudinal elements", can be manufactured with a number of lengths such as 4 and 8 meters. Almost any foundation can be obtained with the help of corner elements and T elements. It is advantageous here that buildings generally consist of walls at right angles.

It is possible after the prestressing cables or prestressing bars in the recordings have been biased to inject the recordings in some way with, for example, a plastic. It is possible to close the tensioning means such as the prestressing anchors in the same way with respect to the environment.

20 If the images are not injected, it is easy to remove the foundation after use and re-apply it. After all, many sheds and the like have a relatively limited lifespan (typically 10 years) and if the foundation can subsequently be used for another useful purpose or can be easily adapted and extended, this will have a cost-saving effect.

The invention also relates to an architectural construction, such as a building, comprising a foundation and parts extending therefrom, such as walls, wherein said foundation comprises a foundation as described above and that said parts extending therefrom are arranged immediately thereafter.

The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to an illustrative embodiment shown in the drawing. Show:

Fig. 1 shows a schematic plan view of a foundation according to the invention; 101 2 81 5-1 «4

Fig. 2-4 the different elements from which the foundation according to fig. 1 is built up; and

Fig. 5 a formwork in which a foil element according to the invention can be manufactured.

A foundation as it can be manufactured with the elements according to the invention is indicated in its entirety by 1 in Fig. 1. This consists of a number of basic elements 2, a number of corner elements 4 and a number of T elements 3. As can be seen from Fig. 1, essentially any construction can be obtained. A further element that could possibly be of interest is an element which allows the crossing of two directions, i.e. an element 3 provided with a further protruding part.

Details of each of the elements are shown in Figures 2-4. The elements are all T-shaped, i.e. provided with a flange 8 with a web 9 mounted thereon. The required height is obtained with the aid of web 9. Arrangements 5 for receiving reinforcing bars are arranged near the ends of body 9 (seen in height direction). End elements 3 and 4 are additionally provided with further receptacles 7 for receiving reinforcing bars in an angle direction therewith. The height of the webs 9 provides sufficient bending stiffness.

Flanges 8 should have sufficient extension in the horizontal direction to give a large load-bearing capacity to the foundation. This makes it possible to erect this foundation also on relatively weak soil without pile driving. Optionally, the bottom can be excavated in advance and a reinforcing material such as a sand, gravel or other bed can be applied therein.

The above-described foundation is built up by laying the 25 elements in the ultimately desired pattern. In principle, driving in advance is not necessary. In a manner not shown in more detail, cooperating elements can be provided with a search system, for instance a male-female system. Then prestressing cables 6 are passed through the opposing receptacles 5 resp. 7 and after the nuts 11 have been applied to the prestressing cables 30 and tightened by means of a screw, the different elements are pressed together. Thereby, such a number of prestressing cables and such a force are applied to each cable that the adjacent elements are pressed against each other with a force between 60 and 120 tons and more preferably about 1012815 * 5 100 tons. Preferably this means a force of approximately 20 tons per cable. Such forces can only be applied with aids such as augers. Optionally, between the elements and more particularly between the adjacent recordings 5, respectively. 7, a sealing compound is arranged to provide sealing of the receptacles 5, 7 to impede the entry of moisture and the like therein. It is of course also possible to provide a shielding means around the ends of the prestressing cables 6 and the prestressing anchors 7 mounted thereon. Casting or collapsing is possible. Using the prestressing anchors it is possible to prestress the foundation in a controlled manner. Since the construction is a closed curve, a particularly high stability is obtained. After the measures described above, the foundation is in principle ready and a further building construction can be applied directly thereon. That is, it is not necessary to complete the foundation by pouring.

It is of course possible to pour concrete in the space delimited between the elements described above, which functions as a floor. However, such a floor is preferably arranged loosely with respect to the foundation and in any case does not give any strength to the foundation. As a result, the obstruction has all-round strength, so that tilting effects can be avoided. This makes it possible to obtain a stable support for one building. That is to say, according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, it is important that a number of groups of tension wires are present, which always extend at an angle to each other and thus form a closed curve.

In fig. 5 an option is given to manufacture an element as shown in fig. 2-4. The formwork required for this is indicated by 10. After this formwork has been completed, reinforcing bars 12 are placed therein. These serve to strengthen the relevant elements. Tubes 13 or the like are then applied, after which the concrete material 14 is poured. The presence of the tubes 5 and 7 is guaranteed by the presence of the tubes 13.

It can be seen from Fig. 5 that with a particularly simple formwork such elements can be poured in a particularly efficient manner under factory conditions. It will be understood that this allows production all year round 10128 1 5Ί 6 regardless of the weather conditions. The elements according to the invention and more in particular the end elements are relatively compact and can be transported by road. The same goes for the basic elements. After all, the width thereof is not a limiting factor during transport and if the length thereof remains below 20 meters, neither.

It should be understood that instead of the T-profile shown here, other profiles can be used for the elements, such as U-profiles. These and further variants will be obvious to those skilled in the art after reading the above description and are within the scope of the appended claims.

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Claims (11)

Foundation (1) comprising a concrete body, which extends according to a closed curve, which body is provided with a reinforcement, which body is built up from a number of basic elements (2) and end elements (3, 4), each in the viewed in elevation direction, provided with at least two spaced first fixtures (5) extending substantially parallel to the entire length of that element, in which tensioning members (6) are arranged, at least the end elements being provided with at least two further elevational views (7) spaced from each other extending substantially parallel to the entire length of that element to receive tension members in which tension members are mounted, said further exposures (7) extending at an angle to of said first receptacles (5), and wherein means (11) arranged on said tensioning members are present, which engage externally on said elements 15 (2-4), t characterized in that said prestressing members comprise prestressing cables and that a permanent free space is limited within said elements. 2. Foundation as claimed in claim 1, wherein said elements comprise a substantially T-shaped profile, wherein the flange of the "T" is arranged to rest on the bottom. The foundation of claim 2, wherein at least near the top and bottom of the web of the "T" receptacles (5, 7) for the biasing cable are provided. 25 Foundation as claimed in any of the foregoing claims, provided with a cover for said prestressing cables. 5. Structural construction, such as a building, comprising a foundation and parts extending therefrom, such as walls, characterized in that said foundation comprises a foundation according to any one of the preceding claims and that said parts extending therefrom are arranged immediately thereafter. 1012815 * « A method of manufacturing a foundation, comprising providing a number of concrete elements (2-4), including basic elements and end elements,. wherein each element is provided with at least two spaced first recesses for tension members extending substantially parallel to the entire length of that element 5, and at least each end element having two spaced views viewed vertically further recordings extending substantially over the entire length of said element, wherein said first and further recordings of said end elements extend at an angle to each other, placing said elements against each other according to a closed curve, when arranging said receptacles of tensioning members and tensioning said members from the outer surfaces of said receptacles, characterized in that the tensioning of said tensioning members comprises tensioning prestressing cables with such a force that two adjacent elements with a force of at least 60 tons pressed together. 15 The method of claim 6, wherein a jack is used to apply the biasing force. 8. Method according to claim 6 or 7, wherein said prestressing cables are arranged in 20 receptacles, and plastic is injected into those receptacles. A method according to any one of claims 6-8, wherein said elements are arranged in a slot in the bottom. The method of claim 9, wherein the bottom of said slot is reinforced. A method according to any one of claims 6-10, wherein two elements are arranged at an angle and an angle element is placed between them. 30 1 o 1281 Sm