MX2011012828A - Hydraulic oil and additive with an emulsifier based on synthetic sodium sulfonate used in processes of the metal-mechanical industry. - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention refers to hydraulic oil and an additive with an emulsifier based on synthetic sodium sulfonate used in processes of the metal-mechanical industry, which components and effects facilitate the application thereof in any type of oil, avoiding the confinement or treatment thereof. The combination of the additives and the emulsifiers of the primary, anionic and non-anionic type allows the hydraulic oil and additive of the present invention to be used in all the production units for machining metals, which use soluble refrigerants for a specific cut or machining, avoiding any type of oil confinement as well as the water treatment for separating oils, this generating direct savings resulting from the maintenance of oil-free deposits, as well as ecological benefits since there are no confinements and treatments for recovering water.

Description

HYDRAULIC OIL AND ADDITIVE WITH EMULSING BASE OF SODIUM SODIUM SULPHONATE EMPLOYED IN PROCESSES OF THE METALMECHANICAL INDUSTRY OBJECT OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a hydraulic oil and additive with base emulsifier of synthetic sodium sulfonate used in processes of the metal-mechanic industry, which due to its components and effects, is easily applicable to any type of oil, avoiding the confinement or treatment of it.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The innovation described in the present application has as a preamble the experience and work developed during six years of work in Lubdeco S.A. of C.V., specifically, in the operation of the soluble cutting systems of the company Commonwealth oil from Canada, at the plants of Nemak, García, Nuevo León., Rafnos Arizpe Coahuila, and Monclova, Coahuila, where work conditions were known in different production units, Cumau, Cros Huller, Berardy, Lamb, Heller and Mazak, which motivates the search for processes and products for the improvement of conditions that are currently used in processes of the metalworking industry (Metal Working) worldwide.

There is no precedent in the state of the art of products for hydraulic oil i used in processes of the metalworking industry, which avoids confinement or treatment thereof so that relevant patent documents relating to the present invention are not shown.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION! The present invention relates to an additive for hydraulic oil used in processes of the metalworking industry. { Metal Working), specifically in all metal machining production units, which use cooling solvents for specific cutting or machining (milling, internal or external threading, grinding, polishing,: grinding, burnishing, brushing, sprue cutting). In a continuous process, usually on a piece of metal, several machining steps are carried out where deposits of different sizes are required, which contain a refrigerant that can be either mineral, semi-synthetic or synthetic, or even vegetable oil based . These refrigerants are diluted in water, at different concentrations according to the manufacturer and dollars can normally vary from 3 to 8%.

Generally these deposits are contaminated for several reasons: 1. - For trapped hydraulic oil 2. - By bacteria generated by low pH 3. - Due to low quality water One of the embodiments of the invention of the present application relates to hydraulic uft adeite, which for ease of mention will be referred to as AW SB hydraulic oil during this application. This product, AW SB hydraulic oil, in its different viscosities, solves this pollutant and its direct and indirect consequences, mentioned in point 1 above (trapped oil); When a tank is contaminated with hydraulic oil, it is due to leaks from the heads and machining servomechanisms, which are cooled and lubricated by the refrigerant (emulsion). Since the force is generated by one or several hydraulic units, any leakage or rupture of gaskets or seals, causes the hydraulic oil to fall into the tank, which is 100% incompatible with water-based coolants.

The usual techniques to eliminate this contamination by hydraulic oil, following suggestions: to. - Use of a centrifuge unit, this in case of large amounts of oil in a proportion < 5%. b. - Continuous evacuation systems: b.l. Use of a machine that removes oil from a liquid surface (skimmers) for continuous evacuation of oil in small quantities < 1%. b.2. Decanters connected to the tank, these also eliminate the oil in small quantities < 1%. b.3. Various equipment technologies to dislodge very small amounts of oil < 0.5%, like the coalecedores, with their hydrophilic and hydrophobic plates. c- Total evacuation of the tank and water load, when the oil is too much > 7%, and its refrigerant ratio 3-8%.

When the entrapped oil is separated from the coolant tanks, by any of the above techniques, the oil is confined and in the case of evacuation of the entire tank, it must be chemically treated with a break. To separate the oil from the water, the water is then treated to be reused and the oil confined.

AW SB hydraulic oil prevents any type of confinement, as well as > the treatment of water to separate the oil, which generates direct savings derived from the maintenance of oil-free deposits, and generates ecological benefits because there are no confinements and eliminating the recovery water treatment.

The AW SB hydraulic oil works as hydraulic oil so that the hydraulic units operate correctly generating force for the heads, however, when water-based coolant is contaminated, there must be an emusifying effect that integrates it to the emulsion, in an intermediate water phase -oil, due to the turbulence generated by the refrigerant circulation pumps. This interface could not be formed with the condensation rate of the hydraulic units, due to the fact that the oil-water phase is inhibited, due to the effect of the additives, although this physico-chemical function is operating, water capture filters must be placed in the hydraulic circuits.

None of the variables, viscosity, viscosity index, have an effect on the demulsibility, for that reason they are adjustable without consequence in the solubilizing performance, reason for the development according to the Nemak field tests of the hydraulic oil AW SB, which was identified internally as Supreme AW SLB.

The main characteristics of AW SB hydraulic oil are the following: Normal hydraulic function ASTM D 1704-02 demulsibility test; 0/6/74 in 30 min. (Exhibit 10LB 0400 sent by Nemak, Monclava, Coah., To the Mexican Corporation for Materials Research) ( | Balance of phases | Zero confinement | Zero use of water separation and treatment equipment.

The composition of the hydraulic oil AW SB in its preferred modality, descriptive but not limiting to it, is the following: a) Nañénic oil 93.8% b) Hydraulic anti-wear additive without ash 0.7% c) Primary emulsifier 5.0% d) Fatty acids 0.3% e) Additive to modify viscosity index 0.2% The naphthenic oil must have great solvating capacity, emulsion stability, low viscosity index, as well as high solubility with pure oils, additives and water-based metalworking fluids. While the optimum naphthenic oil is of the Nynas type, any other low paraffinic oil can be used.

The ash-free hydraulic anti-wear additive (AW) must be free of zinc or heavy metals, or compatible with hydraulic oils containing zinc.

The primary emulsifier must be compatible with soluble mineral, semi-synthetic or synthetic, or even vegetable oil based, which is preferably synthetic sodium sulfohat, ethoxylated alcohol, or some other primary emulsifier of slow emusibility.

The fatty acids can be a mixture of unsaturated fatty acids that are added for the purpose of not drying out and taking care of the packaging of the hydraulic units and the components.

There are various additives that can be used to improve the viscosity index of an oil, such as polymethacrylate (PMA), copolymers of ethylene hydrocarbons (OCP), mixed copolymers PMA-OCB, isoprene derivatives, of isoprene-hydrogenated isoprene, and derivatives of styrene-hydrogenated butadiene. Of those mentioned with which better results are obtained is the polymethacrylate.

For the production of AW SB hydraulic oil, different proportions and component marks can be used, which can be adjusted depending on the severity of the contaminants present in the machining or cutting. Preferred compositions that can be employed comprise the following percentages: a) Naphthenic oil 91 to 96% b) Hydraulic anti-wear additive without ash 0.3 to 1.2% c) Primary emulsifier 3.0 to 7.0% d) Fatty acids 0.1 to 0.5%; e) Additive to modify viscosity index 0.1 to 0.5% The results of the field tests were carried out in the laboratory of prujebas in Nemak, Monclova, Coahuila., Being the commercial components that can be used the following ones: Oils ISO 4, 9, 22, 36, 48; preferably Nynas (naphthenic oil) H529 Afton®; zinc-free additive (hydraulic anti-wear additive without cenizás) Tec Gard 260-A Afton®; synthetic sodium sulfonate (primary emulsifier) H 4140 Afton®; mixture of fatty acids (fatty acids) | H 5710 Afton®; polymethacrylate (additive to modify viscosity index) This formulation works for equipment with few oil leaks in their heads and motor parts, of any brand, Cross Huller, Berardy, Lamb, Cuamu, Heller, Mazak) For equipment with a lot of use it would be recommended to add to the hydraulic oil AW SB, nonylphenol 10 moles, which is a non-ionic emulsifier with cleaning properties, which should be in a proportion of 0.5% of the final mixture in the hydraulic oil A ^ V $ B., Producing an oil that is called AW SBX hydraulic oil.

This formulation is also functional and tested in the form of an additive, which once added in the tanks contaminated with hydraulic oil, forms a water-oil ii-phase that is integrated into the emulsion in a period of 24 hours of operation.

Another embodiment of the invention is an additive, which will be called Soíubilaft SBX during the present application in order to facilitate its mention. The formulation of this additive is similar to that of AW SB hydraulic oil, except that without the naphthenic agent, the anti-wear additive (AW) and the fatty acid. The dosage to add this additive is 5% of the total amount of trapped oil present in the tank.

In this way, the composition of the Soíubilaft SBX additive in its preferred modality, descriptive but not limiting to it, is the following: a) Primary emulsifier 65 to 75%, preferably 70% b) Anionic emulsifier 1 to 10%, preferably 5% c) Non-ionic emulsifier 20 to 30%, preferably 25% For the development of the Soiubilaft SBX additive, proportions and component marks can be used, which can be adjusted depending on the severity of the contaminants present in the machining or cutting. The commercial components that can be used are the following: | Tec Gard 260-A Afton®; Synthetic sodium sulfonate (primary emulsifier) | Colloids 3000, Pentex 1299 or similar Afton® (surfactant anionic emulsifier) | Nonyl phenol 10 moles (non-ionic emulsifier) Pentex 1299 is a formulation of surfactants with wetting, dispersing and emulsifying capabilities. Nonylphenol 10 moles is nonyl phenol (mixture of isomers) at 99%.

This additive was tested in the units: Cumau Plant 1 Nemak Monclava Coahuila, Berardy Plant 2 Monclova Coahuila, Cumau Plant 2 Monclova Coah., Berardy Plant Nemak Ramos Arizpe, Coahuila, Lamb Plant 4 García Nuevo León.

The main advantages observed in all the tests are that: | No need for equipment stoppages to evacuate contaminated refrigerant | There is no affectation neither human nor in the finished product (blocks and heads) | There is no need to confine the trapped oil | Water treatment is not necessary to separate the oil The amounts of trapped oil evaluated were; a minimum of 6% and a maximum of 12% in Cumau Plant 1 Monclova, Coahuila and Lamb Plant 4 García, Nuevo León.

The important thing about these products is that their direct and indirect benefits represent an important economic saving and a fundamental ecological benefit for environmental certifications. 1 Among the multiple operating advantages of the invention of the present invention are that: The AW SB hydraulic oil, or the SBX, can operate as hydraulic oil and give the performance similar to conventional hydraulics, and when in contact with the water-based coolant, it ceases to be a non-biodegradable pollutant, becoming a consumable emulsion. ' 8; . I i The hydraulic oil base AW SB and SBX, can be used as an additive, as well as the Solubilaft SBX, can operate for the same function; eliminating and solubilizafido the oil trapped in the deposits of coolant of machining of metals. , | Both products reduce to zero, confinement of trapped oil and eliminate water treatment to separate trapped oil.

The two main recommendations for the use of AW SB hydraulic oil are: 1. - That the hydraulic unit is equipped with condensate water collection filters inside the hydraulic circuit, preferably in the tank return. 2. - That preferably the machining coolant, must be semi-synthetic microemulsion, and if something similar is not in operation, it would suggest the use of an additive comparable to a soluble machining made with the Afton® super additive, (soluble of eco-soluble machining SB), in its three compositions: Semi-synthetic free of chlorinated and sulfur-containing products, Semi-synthetic XP free of Chlorinated compounds and Semisisntetico XP Plus, chlorinated and sulfuric product.

These three compositions have 100% affinity to AW SB hydraulic oil and solubilizer additive, Solubilaf SBX, which guarantee 100% effectiveness of these. The three modes of the ecosoluble SB, are to cover the different severities in machining. It should be mentioned that these soluble semi-synthetic microerftulsion products exist commercially in many brands.

AW SB hydraulic oil can be prepared and operated in any laboratory and field test. By way of non-limiting illustration, using an ISO 22 naphthenic base oil, the viscosity was raised to 50 cSt "compared to the Mobil ISQ32 oil, besides the viscosity index of 71 is low and can easily be adjusted with 0.1% 1 of viscosity index improver to raise it to 80, which would modify again the viscosity and a combination between naphthenic acid ISO 4 would have to be used and ISO 9 to adjust the viscosity to 32 cSt.

Below are some of the representative examples of the formulation: | Sample 1: Naphthenic oil ISO 22 94.7%, H 152 0.8%; TecGard 260-A 4%, H 4140 0.3%, H 5710 0.0% | Sample 2: Naphthenic oil ISO 22 94%, H 152 0.7%; TecGard 260-A 5%, H 4140 0.3%, H 5710 0.0% | Sample 3: Naphthenic oil ISO 22 93%, H 152 0.7%; TecGard 260-A 6%, H 4140 0.3%, H 5710 0.0% It is worth mentioning that H 4140 and H 5710 do not interfere directly in the Hydraulic operation of AW SB hydraulic oil.

For the selected formulations the following values were obtained: Although the present invention has been described with respect to certain embodiments, it is obvious that there may be alterations and equivalent modifications (Jue may be proposed by a specialist in the state of the art, when reading and understanding what has been described, for which reason, it should be understood that the invention is not limited to what is illustrated in the figures, but rather to the scope of the corresponding claims.

Claims (9)

CLAIMS Having described the invention, I consider it as a novelty and therefore claim as my property what is contained in the following claims:

1. - A hydraulic oil used in processes of the metalworking industry characterized by comprising: a) Naphthenic oil 91 to 96% b) Hydraulic anti-wear additive without ash 0.3 to 1.2% c) Primary emulsifier 3.0 to 7.0% d) Fatty acids 0.1 to 0.5% e) Additive to modify viscosity index 0.1 to 0.5%

2. - A hydraulic oil used in processes of the metal-mechanic industry according to claim 1 characterized in that the components in their modality 1 preferred are: a) Naphthenic oil 93.8% b) Hydraulic anti-wear additive without ash 0.7% c) Primary emulsifier 5.0% d) Fatty acids 0.3% e) Additive to modify viscosity index 0.2%

3. - A hydraulic oil used in processes of the metal-mechanic industry according to claim 1 characterized in that the naphthenic oil is preferably selected from oils of the Nynas type, low paraffinic oils and oils ISO 4, 9, 22, 36, 48

4. - A hydraulic oil used in processes of the metal-mechanic industry according to claim 1 characterized in that the ash-free hydraulic wear additive is preferably free of zinc or heavy metals, and compatible with hydraulic oils containing zinc.

5. - A hydraulic oil used in processes of the metal-mechanic industry, according to claim 1 characterized in that the primary emulsifier is preferably synthetic sodium sulfonate, ethoxylated alcohol, or some other primary emulsifier of slow emusibility, and compatible with soluble, semi- Synthetic or synthetic, and vegetable oil based.

6. - A hydraulic oil used in processes of the metal-mechanic industry according to claim 1 characterized in that the fatty acids are preferably a mixture of unsaturated fatty acids.

7. - A hydraulic oil used in processes of the metal-mechanic industry according to claim 1 characterized in that the additive to modify viscosity index is selected from polymethacrylate (PMA), copolymers of ethylenic hydrocarbons (OCP), mixed copolymers PMA-OCB, derivatives of isoprene, hydrogenated isoprene-styrene, and hydrogenated styrene-butadiene derivatives, but preferably polymethacrylate.

8. - An additive used in processes of the metal-mechanic industry based on the oil composition of claim 5 characterized in that the formulation lacks naphthenic oil, hydraulic anti-wear additive and fatty acid; comprising: a) Primary emulsifier from 65 to 75%, preferably 70%! b) Anionic emulsifier from 1 to 10%, preferably 5% c) Non-ionic emulsifier of 20 to 30%, preferably 25%

9. - An additive used in processes of the metalworking industry according to claim 8, characterized in that the primary emulsifier is preferably synthetic sodium sulfonate, the anionic emulsifier is preferably a formulation of surfactants, and the non-ionic emulsifier is preferably a mixture of isomers of nonyl phenol.