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The flexible global ocean-atmosphere-land system model, Grid-point Version 2: FGOALS-g2

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Abstract

This study mainly introduces the development of the Flexible Global Ocean-Atmosphere-Land System Model: Grid-point Version 2 (FGOALS-g2) and the preliminary evaluations of its performances based on results from the pre-industrial control run and four members of historical runs according to the fifth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) experiment design. The results suggest that many obvious improvements have been achieved by the FGOALS-g2 compared with the previous version,FGOALS-g1, including its climatological mean states, climate variability, and 20th century surface temperature evolution. For example,FGOALS-g2 better simulates the frequency of tropical land precipitation, East Asian Monsoon precipitation and its seasonal cycle, MJO and ENSO, which are closely related to the updated cumulus parameterization scheme, as well as the alleviation of uncertainties in some key parameters in shallow and deep convection schemes, cloud fraction, cloud macro/microphysical processes and the boundary layer scheme in its atmospheric model. The annual cycle of sea surface temperature along the equator in the Pacific is significantly improved in the new version. The sea ice salinity simulation is one of the unique characteristics of FGOALS-g2, although it is somehow inconsistent with empirical observations in the Antarctic.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China

    Lijuan Li  (李立娟), Pengfei Lin  (林鹏飞), Yongqiang Yu  (俞永强), Bin Wang  (王 斌), Tianjun Zhou  (周天军), Jiping Liu  (刘骥平), Qing Bao  (包 庆), Ye Pu  (普 业), Li Dong  (董 理), Si Shen  (申 思), Yimin Liu  (刘屹岷), Ning Hu  (胡 宁), Mimi Liu  (刘咪咪), Wenqi Sun  (孙文奇), Weipeng Zheng  (郑伟鹏), Bo Wu  (吴 波), Mirong Song  (宋米荣), Hailong Liu  (刘海龙), Xuehong Zhang  (张学洪) & Guoxiong Wu  (吴国雄)

  2. Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling, Center of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China

    Bin Wang  (王 斌), Li Liu  (刘 利), Shiming Xu  (徐世明), Wenyu Huang  (黄文誉), Kun Xia  (夏 坤), Wei Xue  (薛 巍), Xiaomeng Huang  (黄小猛) & Guangwen Yang  (杨广文)

  3. First Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao, 266061, China

    Zhenya Song  (宋振亚) & Fangli Qiao  (乔方利)

  4. Climate Center, Hebei Meteorological Administration, Shijiazhuang, 050021, China

    Xiangjun Shi  (史湘军)

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  1. Lijuan Li  (李立娟)
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Correspondence to Bin Wang  (王 斌).

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Li, L., Lin, P., Yu, Y. et al. The flexible global ocean-atmosphere-land system model, Grid-point Version 2: FGOALS-g2. Adv. Atmos. Sci. 30, 543–560 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00376-012-2140-6

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