[go: up one dir, main page]
More Web Proxy on the site http://driver.im/ Skip to main content

Advertisement

Springer Nature Link
Log in

Study on Deformation and Control Measures of Columnar Jointed Basalt for Baihetan Super-High Arch Dam Foundation

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The Baihetan super-high arch dam is constructed under complicated geological conditions, including large-scale columnar jointed basalt with closely spaced joints and multiple interlayer and intralayer shear belts at the lower part of dam base. Due to large excavation depth and scale at the dam base, unloading deformation and relaxation of columnar jointed basalt and shear belts were revealed by field investigation, in situ testing, monitoring, and numerical simulations. It was found that the relaxation depth of columnar jointed basalt was related to geostress, rock mass quality, and gently dipping shear belts. The time effect of unloading relaxation is also obvious in the columnar jointed basalt. In terms of unloading deformation control, comprehensive reinforcement measures and proper construction sequence at the dam base were proposed, including reservation of a 5-m-thick rock mass layer as the protective layer, consolidation grouting on the protective layer, preinstallation of mortar anchors through consolidation grouting hole, excavation of protective layers with controlled blasting in small benches, timely anchorage by prestressed cables upon exposure of foundation surface, and additional consolidation grouting for shallow foundation rock mass under concrete cover weight. With the comprehensive reinforcement measures at the dam base, the relaxation depth of columnar jointed basalt was small and shear deformation of shear belts was effectively controlled. Thus, the proposed reinforcement measures were proven to be proper and effective, which could meet the requirements of dam base and provide some reference for similar hydropower projects.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
£29.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Price includes VAT (United Kingdom)

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13
Fig. 14
Fig. 15
Fig. 16
Fig. 17
Fig. 18
Fig. 19
Fig. 20
Fig. 21
Fig. 22
Fig. 23
Fig. 24
Fig. 25
Fig. 26
Fig. 27
Fig. 28
Fig. 29

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Bell FG, Haskins DR (1997) A geotechnical overview of Katse Dam and Transfer Tunnel, Lesotho, with a note on basalt durability. Eng Geol 46(2):175–198

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brown ET (2017) Reducing risks in the investigation, design and construction of large concrete dams. J Rock Mech Geotech Eng 9(2):1–13

    Google Scholar 

  • Chappell BA (1990) Rock mass characterization for dam foundations. J Geotech Eng 116:625–646

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Develay D, Hagen RJ, Bestagno R (1997) Lesotho highlands water project-design and construction of Katse dam. Civil Eng 120(5):14–29

    Google Scholar 

  • Fan QX, Zhou SW, Li BF (2012) Key technologies of rock engineering for construction of Xiluodu super-high arch dam. Chin J Rock Mech Eng 31(10):1998–2015 (In Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Fan QX, Zhou SW, Yang N (2015) Optimization design of foundation excavation for Xiluodu super-high arch dam in China. J Rock Mech Geotech Eng 7(2):120–135

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hashemi M, Moghaddas S, Ajalloeian R (2010) Application of rock mass characterization for determining the mechanical properties of rock mass: a comparative study. Rock Mech Rock Eng 43(3):305–320

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Justo JL, Justo E, Azañón JM et al (2010) The use of rock mass classification systems to estimate the modulus and strength of jointed rock. Rock Mech Rock Eng 43(3):377

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kollgaard EB, Chadwick WL (1988) Development of dam engineering in the United States. Pergamon Press, Oxford

    Google Scholar 

  • Lin P, Wang RK, Kang SZ, Zhang HC, Zhou WY (2011) Key problems of foundation failure, reinforcement and stability for super high arch dams. Chin J Rock Mech Eng 30(10):1945–1958 (In Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Lin P, Ma TH, Liang ZZ, Tang CA, Wang RK (2014) Failure and overall stability analysis on high arch dam based on DFPA code. Eng Fail Anal 45:164–184

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lin P, Zhou WY, Liu HY (2015) Experimental study on cracking, reinforcement and overall stability of the Xiaowan super high arch dam. Rock Mech Rock Eng 48(2):819–841

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lin P, Zhu XX, Li QB, Liu HY, Yu YJ (2016) Study on optimal grouting timing for controlling uplift deformation of a super high arch dam. Rock Mech Rock Eng 49(1):115–142

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the PRC (MHURD) (2008) Code for engineering geological investigation of water resources and hydropower (GB 50487-2008) (in Chinese)

  • Ministry of Water Resources of the PRC (MWR) (2003) Design specification for concrete arch dams (SL282-2003)

  • National Development and Reform Commission of the PRC (NDRC) (2006) Design specification for concrete arch dams (DL/T 5346-2006) (in Chinese)

  • Ozsan A, Karpuz C (1996) Geotechnical rock-mass evaluation of the Anamur dam site, Turkey. Eng Geol 42(1):65–70

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Paige RA (1998) The case of the scary rock, Ertan, China. Environ Eng Geosci 4(2):281–282

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shen XM, Niu XQ, Lu WB, Chen M, Yang P, Wang GH, Leng ZD (2016) Rock mass utilization for the foundation surfaces of high arch dams in medium or high geo-stress regions: a review. B Eng Geol Environ 76(2):795–813

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shi AC, Tang MF, Shan ZG (2015) Engineering geology report for the excavation and treatment at the left abutment and riverbed foundation of Baihetan hydropower station. PowerChina Huadong Engineering Corporation Limited, Hangzhou (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Wang RK (2016) Key technologies in the design and construction of 300 m ultra-high arch dams. Engineering 2:350–359 (In Chinse)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wu FQ, Tong L, Liu JY, Tang XL (2009) Excavation unloading destruction phenomena in rock dam foundations. B Eng Geol Environ 68(2):257–262

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

This paper summarizes the investigation and analysis results on the columnar jointed basalt at the Baihetan arch dam over the years, which is the wisdom of all the companies and institutions participating in this project, including design, construction supervision, and research, as well as many experts and scholars both at home and abroad. We hereby express our gratitude to all the organizations and individuals involved. The authors are also very grateful to Prof. Giovanni Barla and two reviewers for their critical and meticulous recommendations, which helped the author to improve this paper significantly.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. China Three Gorges Corporation, Beijing, 100038, China

    Qixiang Fan, Zhilin Wang, Mengxia Zhou & Guo Li

  2. Huadong Engineering Corporation Limited, PowerChina, Hangzhou, 310014, China

    Jianrong Xu

  3. State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China

    Quan Jiang

Authors
  1. Qixiang Fan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Zhilin Wang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Jianrong Xu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Mengxia Zhou
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Quan Jiang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Guo Li
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Qixiang Fan.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Fan, Q., Wang, Z., Xu, J. et al. Study on Deformation and Control Measures of Columnar Jointed Basalt for Baihetan Super-High Arch Dam Foundation. Rock Mech Rock Eng 51, 2569–2595 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00603-017-1378-9

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00603-017-1378-9

Keywords

Search

Navigation