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Uptake and Translocation of Tri- and Hexa-Valent Chromium and Their Effects on Black Gram (Vigna mungo L. Hepper cv. Co4) Roots

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Abstract

An equal concentration (100 μM) of Cr(III)- and Cr(VI)-induced changes in activities of antioxidative enzymes and metabolites of ascorbate-glutathione cycle was studied in 7-d-old black gram (Vigna mungo L Hepper cv. Co4) seedlings for 5-d after infliction of Cr stress. Seeds were germinated and grown in the presence or absence of Cr under controlled environmental conditions. Uptake and translocation of Cr rate was relatively higher during first 12 h of treatment with both speciation of Cr, Cr(III)- and Cr(VI)-treated black gram roots retained 15 times more Cr than the shoots. Significantly increased lipid peroxidation was observed in the form of accumulation of malondialdehyde (MDA) and production of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) molecule and superoxide (O2 ) radical after 6 h of infliction with Cr(VI) and after 12 h in Cr(III)-treated black gram roots. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activities were significantly increased under Cr(VI)-treatment after 12 and 6 h, respectively. However, catalase (CAT) and monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR) activities were not significantly increased under Cr(Ill)-treatment. There was a steep increase of 2.71 μmol g-1 FW in ascorbic acid (AA) content was observed between 6 and 24 h of Cr(VI)-treatment. Oxidized glutathione (GSSG) content was steadily increased through the course of Cr(III)- and Cr(VI)-treatments, where as reduced glutathione (GSH) level was decreased after 24 h of treatment. GSH/GSSG ratio was rapidly decreased in treatment with Cr(III) than the Cr(VI). There was significant increase of 99 nmol g-1 FW in non-protein thiol (NPT) content was recorded between 6 and 24 h of Cr(VI)-treatment. The present results showed differential response to AA and H2O2 signaling by Cr(III) and Cr(VI), AA in combination with APX was more effective in mitigating oxidative stress as against the role of GSH as an antioxidant.

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Abbreviations

AA:

ascorbic acid

APX:

ascorbate peroxidase

CAT:

Cablase

Cr:

Chromium

DHA:

Dehydroascorbate

DHAR:

dehydroascorbate reductase

DW:

dry weight

FW:

fresh weight

GR:

glutathione reductase

GSH:

reduced glutathione

GSSG:

oxidized glutathione

MDA:

Malondialdehyde

MDHA:

Monodehydroascorbate

MDHAR:

monodehydroascorbate reductase

NPT:

non-protein thiol

ROS:

reactive oxygen species

SOD:

superoxide dismutase

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Plant Sciences, Centre of Potential in Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj University, 625 021, Madurai, India

    Thirupathi Karuppanapandian & Kumariah Manoharan

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  1. Thirupathi Karuppanapandian
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  2. Kumariah Manoharan
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Correspondence to Thirupathi Karuppanapandian.

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Karuppanapandian, T., Manoharan, K. Uptake and Translocation of Tri- and Hexa-Valent Chromium and Their Effects on Black Gram (Vigna mungo L. Hepper cv. Co4) Roots. J. Plant Biol. 51, 192–201 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03030698

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03030698

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