[go: up one dir, main page]
More Web Proxy on the site http://driver.im/ Skip to main content
Springer Nature Link
Log in

A novel proposal for all-optical Galois field adder based on photonic crystals

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Photonic Network Communications Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In this paper we are going to propose an all-optical structure for implementing Galois field adder. To do so, we will use four optical XOR gates. The working principle of the proposed structure is based on destructive interference of optical waves. By choosing different lengths for the input waveguides, 180\(^\circ \) of phase difference will be generated between the optical waves. In the final structure, the normalized power for logic 0 and 1 at the output ports was 1 and 45%. Time delay of the proposed structure is about 1.5 ps.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
£29.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Price includes VAT (United Kingdom)

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Brilland, L., Smektala, F., Renversez, G., Chartier, T., Troles, J., Nguyen, T., Traynor, N., Monteville, A.: Fabrication of complex structures of holey fibers in chalcogenide glass. Opt. Express 14, 1280 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Lüyun, Y., Danping, C., Ning, D., Chen, W., Mingying, P., Chongjun, Z., Qingling, Z., Xiongwei, J., Qingxi, C., Congshan, Z., Jianrong, Q.: Nd3+ doped silicate glass photonic crystal fiber with random hole distributions. J. Rare Earths 24, 204–206 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Guo, X., Yang, X., Li, S., Liu, Z., Hu, M., Qu, B., Yuan, L.: An integrated nematic liquid crystal in-fiber modulator derivates from capillary optical fiber. Opt. Commun. 367, 249–253 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Zamani, M.: Photonic crystal-based optical filters for operating in second and third optical fiber windows. Superlattices Microstruct. 92, 157–165 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Wang, Y., Chen, D., Zhang, G., Wang, J., Tao, S.: A super narrow band filter based on silicon 2D photonic crystal resonator and reflectors. Opt. Commun. 363, 13–20 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Zavvari, M., Mehdizadeh, F.: Photonic crystal cavity with L3-defect for resonant optical filtering. Frequenz 68, 519–523 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Alipour-Banaei, H., Jahanara, M., Mehdizadeh, F.: T-shaped channel drop filter based on photonic crystal ring resonator. Opt. Int. J. Light Electron. Opt. 125, 5348–5351 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Alipour-Banaei, H., Serajmohammadi, S., Mehdizadeh, F., Hassangholizadeh-Kashtiban, M.: Special optical communication filter based on Thue Morse photonic crystal structure. Opt. Appl. 46, 145–152 (2016)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  9. Djavid, M., Abrishamian, M.S.: Multi-channel drop filters using photonic crystal ring resonators. Opt. Int. J. Light Electron. Opt. 123, 167–170 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Alipour-Banaei, H., Mehdizadeh, F.: Significant role of photonic crystal resonant cavities in WDM and DWDM communication tunable filters. Optik (Stuttg) 124, 2639–2644 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Mehdizadeh, F., Alipour-Banaei, H., Serajmohammadi, S.: Channel-drop filter based on a photonic crystal ring resonator. J. Opt. 15, 075401 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Alipour-Banaei, H., Hassangholizadeh-Kashtiban, M., Mehdizadeh, F.: WDM and DWDM optical filter based on 2D photonic crystal Thue–Morse structure. Opt. Int. J. Light Electron. Opt. 124, 4416–4420 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Alipour-banaei, H., Mehdizadeh, F.: A proposal for Anti-Uvb filter based on one-dimensional photonic crystal structure. Dig. J. Nanomater. Biostruct. 7, 367–371 (2012)

  14. Alipour-Banaei, H., Mehdizadeh, F.: High sensitive photonic crystal ring resonator structure applicable for optical integrated circuits. Photonic Netw. Commun. 33, 152–158 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Dideban, A., Habibiyan, H., Ghafoorifard, H.: Photonic crystal channel drop filter based on ring-shaped defects for DWDM systems. Phys. E Low Dimens. Syst. Nanostructures. 87, 77–83 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Roshan Entezar, S.: Photonic crystal wedge as a tunable multichannel filter. Superlattices Microstruct. 82, 33–39 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Rawal, S., Sinha, R.K.: Design, analysis and optimization of silicon-on-insulator photonic crystal dual band wavelength demultiplexer. Opt. Commun. 282, 3889–3894 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Alipour-Banaei, H., Mehdizadeh, F., Serajmohammadi, S.: A novel 4-channel demultiplexer based on photonic crystal ring resonators. Opt. Int. J. Light Electron. Opt. 124, 5964–5967 (2013)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  19. Alipour-Banaei, H., Mehdizadeh, F., Hassangholizadeh-Kashtiban, M.: A novel proposal for all optical PhC-based demultiplexers suitable for DWDM applications. Opt. Quantum Electron. 45, 1063–1075 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Rostami, A., Banaei, H.A., Nazari, F., Bahrami, A.: An ultra compact photonic crystal wavelength division demultiplexer using resonance cavities in a modified Y-branch structure. Opt. Int. J. Light Electron. Opt. 122, 1481–1485 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Ooka, Y., Tetsumoto, T., Daud, N.A.B., Tanabe, T.: Ultrasmall in-plane photonic crystal demultiplexers fabricated with photolithography. Opt. Express 25, 1521–1528 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Mehdizadeh, F., Soroosh, M.: A new proposal for eight-channel optical demultiplexer based on photonic crystal resonant cavities. Photonic Netw. Commun. 31, 65–70 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Mehdizadeh, F., Soroosh, M., Alipour-Banaei, H.: An optical demultiplexer based on photonic crystal ring resonators. Opt. Int. J. Light Electron. Opt. 127, 8706–8709 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Alipour-Banaei, H., Serajmohammadi, S., Mehdizadeh, F.: Optical wavelength demultiplexer based on photonic crystal ring resonators. Photonic Netw. Commun. 29, 146–150 (2014)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  25. Bazargani, H.P.: Proposal for a 4-channel all optical demultiplexer using 12-fold photonic quasicrystal. Opt. Commun. 285, 1848–1853 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Momeni, B., Huang, J., Soltani, M., Askari, M., Mohammadi, S., Rakhshandehroo, M., Adibi, A.: Compact wavelength demultiplexing using focusing negative index photonic crystal superprisms. Opt. Express 14, 2413 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Reza Rakhshani, M., Ali Mansouri-Birjandi, M.: Design and simulation of wavelength demultiplexer based on heterostructure photonic crystals ring resonators. Phys. E Low Dimens. Syst. Nanostructures 50, 97–101 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Tavousi, A., Mansouri-Birjandi, M.A., Saffari, M.: Successive approximation-like 4-bit full-optical analog-to-digital converter based on Kerr-like nonlinear photonic crystal ring resonators. Phys. E Low Dimens. Syst. Nanostructures 83, 101–106 (2016)

  29. Miao, B., Chen, C., Sharkway, A., Shi, S., Prather, D.W.: Two bit optical analog-to-digital converter based on photonic crystals. Opt. Express 14, 7966 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Mehdizadeh, F., Soroosh, M., Alipour-Banaei, H., Farshidi, E.: All optical 2-bit analog to digital converter using photonic crystal based cavities. Opt. Quantum Electron. 49, 38 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Mehdizadeh, F., Soroosh, M., Alipour-Banaei, H., Farshidi, E.: A novel proposal for all optical analog-to-digital converter based on photonic crystal structures. IEEE Photonics J. 9, 1–11 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Xu, C., Liu, X.: Photonic analog-to-digital converter using soliton self-frequency shift and interleaving spectral filters. Opt. Lett. 28, 986–988 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Mehdizadeh, F., Soroosh, M., Alipour-Banaei, H., Farshidi, E.: Ultra-fast analog-to-digital converter based on a nonlinear triplexer and an optical coder with a photonic crystal structure. Appl. Opt. 56, 1799–1806 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Jung, Y.J., Yu, S., Koo, S., Yu, H., Han, S., Park, N., Kim, J.H., Jhon, Y.M., Lee, S.: Reconfigurable all-optical logic AND, NAND, OR, NOR, XOR and XNOR gates implemented by photonic crystal nonlinear cavities. In: Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics/Pacific Rim. p. TuB4_3. Optical Society of America (2009)

  35. Lee, K.-Y., Lin, J.-M., Yang, Y.-C., Yang, Y.-B., Wu, J.-S., Lin, Y.-J., Lee, W.-Y.: The designs of XOR logic gates based on photonic crystals. Proc. SPIE (2008). https://doi.org/10.1117/12.803465

    Google Scholar 

  36. Husko, C., Vo, T.D., Corcoran, B., Li, J., Krauss, T.F., Eggleton, B.J.: Ultracompact all-optical XOR logic gate in a slow-light silicon photonic crystal waveguide. Opt. Express 19, 20681–90 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. Goudarzi, K., Mir, A., Chaharmahali, I., Goudarzi, D.: All-optical XOR and OR logic gates based on line and point defects in 2-D photonic crystal. Opt. Laser Technol. 78, 139–142 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. Tang, C., Dou, X., Lin, Y., Yin, H., Wu, B., Zhao, Q.: Design of all-optical logic gates avoiding external phase shifters in a two-dimensional photonic crystal based on multi-mode interference for BPSK signals. Opt. Commun. 316, 49–55 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  39. D’souza, N.M., Mathew, V.: Interference based square lattice photonic crystal logic gates working with different wavelengths. Opt. Laser Technol. 80, 214–219 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  40. Hun Kim, J., Tae Byun, Y., Min Jhon, Y., Lee, S., Ha Woo, D., Ho Kim, S.: All-optical half adder using semiconductor optical amplifier based devices. Opt. Commun. 218, 345–349 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  41. Chen, Z., Li, Z., Li, B.: A 2-to-4 decoder switch in SiGe/Si multimode inteference. Opt. Express 14, 2671 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  42. Alipour-Banaei, H., Rabati, M.G., Abdollahzadeh-Badelbou, P., Mehdizadeh, F.: Effect of self-collimated beams on the operation of photonic crystal decoders. J. Electromagn. Waves Appl. 30, 1440–1448 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  43. Mehdizadeh, F., Alipour-banaei, H., Serajmohammadi, S.: Study the role of non-linear resonant cavities in photonic crystal-based decoder switches. J. Mod. Opt. 64, 1233–1239 (2017)

  44. Moniem, T.A.: All optical active high decoder using integrated 2D square lattice photonic crystals. J. Mod. Opt. 62, 1643–1649 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  45. Ouahab, I., Rafah, N.: A novel all optical 4\(\times \)2 encoder switch based on photonic crystal ring resonators. Opt. Int. J. Light Electron. Opt. 127, 7835–7841 (2016)

  46. Moniem, T.A.: All-optical digital 4 \(\times \) 2 encoder based on 2D photonic crystal ring resonators. J. Mod. Opt. 63, 735–741 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  47. Alipour-Banaei, H., Rabati, M.G., Abdollahzadeh-Badelbou, P., Mehdizadeh, F.: Application of self-collimated beams to realization of all optical photonic crystal encoder. Phys. E Low Dimens. Syst. Nanostructures 75, 77–85 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  48. Mehdizadeh, F., Soroosh, M., Alipour-Banaei, H.: Proposal for 4-to-2 optical encoder based on photonic crystals. IET Optoelectron. 11, 29–35 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  49. Liu, Q., Ouyang, Z., Wu, C.J., Liu, C.P., Wang, J.C.: All-optical half adder based on cross structures in two-dimensional photonic crystals. Opt. Express 16, 18992–19000 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  50. Karkhanehchi, M.M., Parandin, F., Zahedi, A.: Design of an all optical half-adder based on 2D photonic crystals. Photonic Netw. Commun. 33, 159–165 (2017)

  51. Jiang, Y.-C., Liu, S.-B., Zhang, H.-F., Kong, X.-K.: Realization of all optical half-adder based on self-collimated beams by two-dimensional photonic crystals. Opt. Commun. 348, 90–94 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  52. Andalib, P., Granpayeh, N.: All-optical ultracompact photonic crystal AND gate based on nonlinear ring resonators. J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 26, 10 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  53. haq Shaik, E., Rangaswamy, N.: Improved design of all-optical photonic crystal logic gates using T-shaped waveguide. Opt. Quantum Electron. 48, 1–15 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  54. haq Shaik, E., Rangaswamy, N.: Multi-mode interference-based photonic crystal logic gates with simple structure and improved contrast ratio. Photonic Netw. Commun. 34, 140–148 (2017)

  55. Mohebbi, Z., Nozhat, N., Emami, F.: High contrast all-optical logic gates based on 2D nonlinear photonic crystal. Opt. Commun. 355, 130–136 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  56. Alipour-Banaei, H., Serajmohammadi, S., Mehdizadeh, F.: All optical NOR and NAND gate based on nonlinear photonic crystal ring resonators. Opt. Int. J. Light Electron Opt. 125, 5701–5704 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  57. Alipour-Banaei, H., Serajmohammadi, S., Mehdizadeh, F.: All optical NAND gate based on nonlinear photonic crystal ring resonators. Opt. Int. J. Light Electron. Opt. 130, 1214–1221 (2017)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  58. Mehdizadeh, F., Soroosh, M.: Designing of all optical NOR gate based on photonic crystal. Indian J. Pure Appl. Phys. 54, 35–39 (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  59. Serajmohammadi, S., Alipour-Banaei, H., Mehdizadeh, F.: All optical decoder switch based on photonic crystal ring resonators. Opt. Quantum Electron. 47, 1109–1115 (2014)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  60. Alipour-Banaei, H., Mehdizadeh, F., Serajmohammadi, S., Hassangholizadeh-Kashtiban, M.: A 2*4 all optical decoder switch based on photonic crystal ring resonators. J. Mod. Opt. 62, 430–434 (2014)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  61. Mehdizadeh, F., Soroosh, M., Alipour-Banaei, H.: A novel proposal for optical decoder switch based on photonic crystal ring resonators. Opt. Quantum Electron. 48, 20 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  62. Ghadrdan, M., Mansouri-Birjandi, M.A.: Concurrent implementation of all-optical half-adder and AND & XOR logic gates based on nonlinear photonic crystal. Opt. Quantum Electron. 45, 1027–1036 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  63. Xavier, S.C., Arunachalam, K., Caroline, E., Johnson, W.: Design of two-dimensional photonic crystal-based all-optical binary adder. Opt. Eng. 52, 25201 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  64. Alipour-Banaei, H., Seif-Dargahi, H.: Photonic crystal based 1-bit full-adder optical circuit by using ring resonators in a nonlinear structure. Photonics Nanostructures Fundam. Appl. 24, 29–34 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Electrical Engineering, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran

    Alireza Andalib

Authors
  1. Alireza Andalib
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Alireza Andalib.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Andalib, A. A novel proposal for all-optical Galois field adder based on photonic crystals. Photon Netw Commun 35, 392–396 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11107-017-0756-2

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11107-017-0756-2

Keywords

Search

Navigation