Abstract
It is shown that during ultrasonic control of products that are made of materials with a complex structure (cast iron, concrete, and bronze) the use of ultrasonic signals with a wavelength that is comparable to the sizes of the acoustic irregularities in a material induces the combined reflection of an ultrasonic probing signal from structural irregularities, which masks the reflections from the initial defects of the product. The combined reflected signal is correlated with the probing signal; in ultrasonic defectoscopy of products it has to be considered as interference that masks the echo signals from the initial defects of the product. At the same time, it provides information on the structural state of a studied material. In this work we consider the model of a complex material with a random structural irregularity distribution, for which the statistical characteristics of the combined reflected signal, viz., the density of the structural-noise probability, dispersion, and energy spectrum, are determined. We propose a new method for defining the structural state of a complex material by analyzing the statistical characteristics (energy spectrum and dispersion) of the structural noise.
The experimental results on the analysis of the statistical characteristics of the structural noise are discussed for cast-iron products, allowing the structural state to be detected and monitored during their operation.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Schickert, M., Progress in Ultrasonic SAFT-Imaging of Concrete. Non-Destructive Testing in Civil Engineering, Berlin, 2003.
Kovalev, A.V., Kozlov, V.N., Samokrutov, A.A., Shevaldykin, V.G., and Yakovlev, N.N., Impul’Snyi ekhometod pri kontrole betona. Pomekhi i prostranstvennaya selektsiya. Defektoskopiya, 1990, no. 2, pp. 29–41.
Shen-Chin, Lee and Jia-Ming, Suen, Ultrasonic nondestructive evaluation of matrix structures and nodularity in cast iron. Metallurgical transactions A, November, 1989, vol. 20A, pp. 2399–2407.
Sanami, M. and Ardeshiri, A., The influence of frequency on ultrasonic test of nodular cast iron, p. 10.
Kachanov, V.K., Kartashev, V.G., and Popko, V.P., Application of signal processing methods to ultrasonic nondestructive testing of articles with high strutural noise. Nondestruct. Test. Eval, 2001, vol. 17, pp. 15–45.
Vergara, L., Miralles, J., Gosálbez, F.J., Ullate, L.G., and Anaya, J.J., NDE ultrasonic methods to characterise the porosity of mortar. NDT&E International, December, 2001, vol. 34.
San Emeterio, J.L., Pardo, E., Ramos, A., and Rodriguez, M.A., Ultrasonic grain noise reduction using wavelet processing. an analysis of threshold selection rules. ecndt 2006, Poster, p. 138.
Fuente, J.V., Vergara, L., Gosalbez, J., and Miralles, R., Time-Frequency analysis of ultrasonics backscattering noise for nondestructive characterisation on cement pastes, p. 8.
Schickert, M., Krause, M., and Müller, W., Ultrasonic Imaging of Concrete Elements Using Reconstruction by Synthetic Aperture Focusing Technique. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 2003, vol. 15, pp. 235–246.
Shevaldykin, V.G., Kozlov, V.N., and Samokrutov, A.A., Inspection of Concrete by Ultrasonic Pulse-Echo Tomograph with Dry Contact, p. 7.
Kartashev, V.G., Kachanov, V.K., and Shalimova, E.V., Statisticheskie Kharakteristiki strukturnogo shuma v srede s melkomasshtabnymi neodnorodnostyami. Defektoskopiya, 1998, no. 4, pp. 11–18.
Madelung, E., Matematicheskii apparat fiziki (TRANSLATION), Moscow: Fizmatgiz, 1960.
Kachanov, V.K., Sokolov, I.V., Voronkova, L.V., Kartashev, V.G., and Rodin, A.V., Structural noise as a normative parameter at the ultrasonic nondestructive testing, p. 10.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Original Russian Text © V.G. Kartashev, V.K. Kachanov, I.V. Sokolov, E.V. Shalimova, R.V. Kontsov, L.V. Voronkova, 2015, published in Defektoskopiya, 2015, Vol. 51, No. 6, pp. 41–56.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Kartashev, V.G., Kachanov, V.K., Sokolov, I.V. et al. Ultrasonic structural probing of products based on materials with a complex structure by analyzing the statistical characteristics of the structural noise. Russ J Nondestruct Test 51, 360–373 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1061830915060042
Received:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1061830915060042