Abstract
Chromium is widely used in industries, which has sped up its environmental spread into water bodies. Because of Cr(VI)'s severe toxicity and classification as a human carcinogen by the United States Environmental Protection Agency, its detrimental effects on human health have prompted the necessity to decontaminate Cr(VI) from water. Considering the limitations of the traditional methods for synchronous Cr(VI) reduction and Cr(III) immobilization, the advances reported for the Cr(VI) remediation have been reviewed in this chapter. Specifically, the chemical redox and adsorption reactions can be integrated into a single process for Cr(VI) decontamination by utilizing a range of substances, like amine/imine/thiol/sulfonic acid functionalized materials, bio-based materials, and natural minerals. The electrolysis process can also decontaminate Cr(VI) by the direct reduction and precipitation of Cr(III) at the cathode owing to the locally strongly basic condition. The energy requirement for the electrolysis process can be avoided by establishing the bio-electrochemical system coupled with self-generating microbial biocathode. In addition, the photocatalytic reduction approaches were also discussed among various photocatalysts. The advantages and disadvantages of available technologies for Cr(VI) contaminated water treatment were also discussed. Finally, future prospects and conclusion that support the effective decontamination of Cr(VI) are summarized.
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Jiang, B. (2024). Advanced Treatment of Water Polluted by Hexavalent Chromium. In: Jlassi, K., Oturan, M.A., Ismail, A.F., Chehimi, M.M. (eds) Clean Water: Next Generation Technologies. Advances in Science, Technology & Innovation. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-48228-1_12
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