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Spectral characterization of the Batuga granite pluton, South Eastern Desert, Egypt: influence of lithological and mineralogical variation on ASD Terraspec data

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Abstract

The paper concerns with potential utilization of Landsat-8 data combined with TerraSpec spectro-radiometer and field studies for mapping and discriminating the different granitic varieties of Batuga pluton in the South Eastern Desert of Egypt. Integrated data of band combination, principal component analysis (PCA), band rationing, fusion technique, and TerraSpec measurements substantially improve visual interpretation to differentiate between granite varieties as well as basalt dikes traversing the pluton. Compilation of field, petrographic, and spectral data enables to distinguish three varieties of granite, namely alkali feldspar granite, garnet-bearing leucogranite, and two-mica granite (monzogranite). False color composite (FCC) image PC1, PC3, and PC4 in R, G, and B, respectively, is successful to discriminate the western part of Batuga pluton as mica granite (monzogranite) but it failed to discriminate the other two granite types. On the other hand, the band ratio combination 6/7, 5/6, and 2/4 successfully used to discriminate the three varieties of granite. Also, the image fusion technique of false color composite (7, 5, & 2) and band ratio (6/7, 5/6, & 2/4) combinations with the high spatial resolution band 2 of Sentinel-2 is applied using the Gram-Schmidt method. Regarding with TerraSpec measurements, the alkali feldspar granite displays two absorption features around 1.4 and 2.25 μm. Moreover, the garnet-bearing leucogranite shows four little absorption features at 1.4, 2.21, 2.25, and 2.33 μm, while the mica granite shows low reflectance values throughout the VNIR and SWIR regions compared to the other two varieties, and low four absorption features at 1.4, 2.21, 2.25, and 2.33 μm wavelengths. The basalt dikes show a low, nearly flat spectral profile in the VNIR and SWIR wavelength regions and small four absorption features also observed around the 0.65, 1.0, 1.2, and 2.32 μm wavelengths. Data materialized in the paper suggests the usefulness of Landsat-8 and TerraSpec spectroradiometer data as a powerful combination to discriminate the granitic rocks and the traversing basalt dikes as well.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful to the Egyptian Mineral Resource Authority (EMRA) for providing facilities for accommodation at the Shalateen camp and for the field support and also to the National Authority for Remote Sensing and Space Sciences (NARSS) for the kind assistance in measuring the spectral profiles of the investigated samples, particularly Prof. Mamdouh Abdeen and Dr. Bassam Abdellatif.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Egyptian Mineral Resources Authority (EMRA), P.O. Box 11517, Abbasiyah, Cairo, Egypt

    Mohamed A. El Sobky

  2. Petroleum and Mining Geology, Faculty of Advanced Basic Sciences, Galala University, New Galala City, Egypt

    Adel A. Surour

  3. Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt

    Ahmed A. Madani & Adel A. Surour

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  1. Mohamed A. El Sobky
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  2. Ahmed A. Madani
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Correspondence to Adel A. Surour.

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El Sobky, M.A., Madani, A.A. & Surour, A.A. Spectral characterization of the Batuga granite pluton, South Eastern Desert, Egypt: influence of lithological and mineralogical variation on ASD Terraspec data. Arab J Geosci 13, 1246 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-020-06282-x

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