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Hiding a fault enabled virus through code construction

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Journal of Computer Virology and Hacking Techniques Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Smart cards are very secure devices designed to execute applications and store confidential data. Therefore, they become the target of many hardware and software attacks that aim to bypass their embedded security mechanisms in order to gain access to the sensitive stored data. Recently, a new kind of attacks called combined attacks has appeared. They aim to induce perturbations in the application’s execution environment. Thus, correct and legitimate application can be dynamically modified to become a hostile one after being loaded in the card using a fault injection. In this paper, we treat the problem from another angle: how to design an innocent looking code in such a way that it becomes intentionally hostile after being activated by a fault injection? We present an original approach of backward code construction based on constraints satisfaction and a tree traversal algorithm. After that, we propose a way to optimize the search process by introducing heuristics for a faster convergence towards more realistic solutions. This approach is implemented in a Trace Generator tool. Thereafter, we evaluate its capacity to generate the required solutions while giving a proof-of-concept of the code desynchronization technique.

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Notes

  1. CAP file (Converted Applet) is a converted Class file adapted for the resource-limited devices.

  2. Available on: https://bitbucket.org/ssd/capmap-free.

  3. A JCA (Java Card Assembly) file is a text representation of the contents of a CAP file.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. LIMOSE Laboratory, Faculty of science, University M’Hamed Bougara of Boumerdes, Avenue de l’Indépendance, 35000, Boumerdes, Algeria

    Samiya Hamadouche & Mohamed Mezghiche

  2. INRIA, LHS-PEC, 263 Avenue Général Leclerc, 35042, Rennes, France

    Jean-Louis Lanet

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  1. Samiya Hamadouche
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  2. Jean-Louis Lanet
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  3. Mohamed Mezghiche
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Correspondence to Samiya Hamadouche.

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Hamadouche, S., Lanet, JL. & Mezghiche, M. Hiding a fault enabled virus through code construction. J Comput Virol Hack Tech 16, 103–124 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11416-019-00340-z

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