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A corpus-based study of self-repairs in Russian spoken monologues

Корпусное исследование самоисправлений говорящего в русской устной монологической речи

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Abstract

The paper investigates self-initiated self-repairs in the Prosodically Annotated Corpus of Spoken Russian (PrACS-Russ), a unique resource where spontaneous speech phenomena (speech errors, repairs, filled pauses etc.) in Russian natural discourse are systematically registered in transcripts synchronized to audio recordings. Based on a qualitative and a preliminary quantitative analysis of more than 800 repairs, two main strategies of self-repairing are identified and described: the ‘on-line strategy’ associated with speech disfluencies that break the lexical, grammatical or prosodic coherence of the produced discourse, e.g. with truncating the segment under repair, and the ‘off-line strategy’ that does not entail disfluency integrating repairs into fluent planned speech production. Our analysis shows that self-repairs appear with overall rates of 1.8–2.9 instances per 100 words. On-line repairs vastly outnumber off-line repairs: they comprise 82 % to 90 % of the total number of repairs in the analyzed subcorpora of PrACS-Russ. In the absolute majority (83–91 %) of repairs, the segment under repair and its corrected counterpart are structurally and semantically isomorphic, i.e. show systematic parallelism in their meaning, grammatical form, syntactic function or even in their phonetic shell (as, e.g. in ‘slips of the tongue’ cases). Main types of isomorphism between the segment under repair and its corrected counterpart are identified and investigated in the paper.

Аннотация

В статье исследуются самоисправления говорящего в русском устном монологическом дискурсе по данным электронной коллекции Корпуса звучащей речи, содержащей аудиофайлы с синхронизированными просодически размеченными транскриптами (PrACS-Russ). Данная коллекция является первым корпусным ресурсом, в котором систематически размечены речевые сбои, самоисправления, заполненные паузы и другие нарушения плавного развертывания дискурса. Качественный и предварительный количественный анализ более восьмисот эпизодов самоисправления говорящего позволили разграничить ‘он-лайн’ и ‘офф-лайн’ стратегии самоисправления. Он-лайн стратегия сопряжена с речевым сбоем, т.е. с нарушением лексико-грамматической и/или просодической когерентности дискурса, в том числе, с обрывом текущего фрагмента; офф-лайн стратегия, напротив, не предполагает нарушений плавного развертывания речи. Наш анализ показывает, что самоисправления происходят с частотой от 1.8 до 2.9 на 100 слов. Он-лайн коррекции используются значительно чаще, чем офф-лайн—в исследованных подкорпусах PrACS-Russ, они составляют от 82 % до 90 % от общего числа коррекций. Наши данные позволяют продемонстрировать, что фрагмент, подлежащий исправлению, и его откорректированный коррелят в большинстве случаев (от 83 % до 91 %) структурно и семантически изоморфны: относятся к одному семантическому и / или лексико-грамматическому классу, замещают идентичную синтаксическую позицию, а иногда (в случае так называемых оговорок) имеют и сходный звуковой облик. В статье анализируются основные типы изоморфизма такого рода.

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Notes

  1. http://spokencorpora.ru.

  2. Version 5.3.03, www.praat.org.

  3. Later research by Finlayson et al. (2011, pp. 79–80) has shown that pauses after repairs with word cut-offs tend to be shorter than those which follow word-final interruptions. This may suggest that the Main Interruption Rule should probably be revised as ‘Don’t stop the flow of speech until you have already completed replanning and can resume immediately’.

  4. Russian also has non-inflected placeholders. These are pronouns used in their unmarked (usually, singular neuter, e.g. ėto) form that function uniformly as hesitation / lexical search markers with ‘whatchamacallit’ meaning and do not project any particular grammatical form of the upcoming constituent, cf. examples (1), (7).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Linguistics, Russian State University for the Humanities (RSUH); School of Advanced Studies in Humanities, Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA), Moscow, Russia

    Vera I. Podlesskaya

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  1. Vera I. Podlesskaya
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Correspondence to Vera I. Podlesskaya.

Additional information

The current research is supported by the Russian Science Foundation (grant No. 14-18-03819). I extend my thanks to all those with whom I am working on the PrACS-Russ project, see the (incomplete) list on the corpus home page (Spokencorpora 2014, http://spokencorpora.ru).

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Podlesskaya, V.I. A corpus-based study of self-repairs in Russian spoken monologues. Russ Linguist 39, 63–79 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11185-014-9142-1

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