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Radiofrequency treatment induces fibroblast growth factor 2 expression and subsequently promotes neocollagenesis and neoangiogenesis in the skin tissue

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Abstract

Radiofrequency (RF) treatment appears to be involved in production of new collagen fibrils and the improvement of existing collagen structures; however, the molecular bases of the effect of non-invasive RF on the skin tissue have not been fully elucidated. This study reports the effects of RF associated or not with hydrolyzed collagen (HC) in the skin tissue. Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups, according to the treatment received: control group (G1, n = 5), no treatment; subjects in group G2 (n = 5) were treated with HC; and capacitive RF was applied to the back of each subject in G3 (n = 5) and RF associated with HC in G4 (n = 5). Biopsies were taken 30 days after treatment and then were histologically processed and studied for inflammatory cell counting, collagen content, and morphometry. In addition, FGF2, CD105, and COX-2 expression was assessed by immunohistochemical staining. The most relevant changes were the increase in cellularity and accumulation of intercellular substance in RF-treated animals (G3 and G4). The greatest dermis thickness rate was observed in G4, followed by G3 and G2 (p < 0.05). RF-treated skins (G3 and G4) exhibited a significant overexpression of FGF2 (p < 0.0001) and increased microvessel density (p < 0.0001) in comparison with G1 and G2. Moreover, the amount of COX-2 was significantly higher (p < 0.0001) in dermis of RF-treated areas compared to G1 and G2, and demonstrated differences in G3 (RF) compared to G4 (RF + HC) (p < 0.0001). Our results suggests that RF treatment associated or not with HC induces FGF2 overexpression, promotes neoangiogenesis and modulates the COX-2 expression, subsequently promotes neocollagenesis, and increased thickness rate of dermis.

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Acknowledgements

C.D.S. is grateful to FAPESP (Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo) for the financial support (process number # 2015/25905-1) and to CNPq (Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico; process numbers # 145722/2013-9, # 101367/2014-7, and # 117277/2014-2).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physiotherapy, Potiguar University, Natal, Brazil

    Patrícia Froes Meyer, Patrícia de Oliveira, Flávia K B A Silva, Ana C S da Costa, Caline R A Pereira, Luis Gonzaga Araújo-Neto, Eric Aizamaque & Hennes Gentil Araújo

  2. Cordoba University, Cordoba, Argentina

    Sebastian Casenave

  3. Department of Physiotherapy, Federal University, Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil

    Rodrigo Marcel Valentim Silva

  4. Biophysics and Biometry Department, State University, Rio de Janeiro, Urca, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

    Sebastião David Santos-Filho & Mario Bernardo-Filho

  5. Department of Medicine, Pathology Area, Potiguar University, Natal, Brazil

    Maria Goretti Freire Carvalho & Ciro Dantas Soares

  6. Oral Pathology, Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil

    Ciro Dantas Soares

  7. Pathology Department, Dental School of Piracicaba, UNICAMP, Av. Limeira, 901, Bairro Areião, Piracicaba, São Paulo, CEP: 13.414-903, Brazil

    Ciro Dantas Soares

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  1. Patrícia Froes Meyer
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  2. Patrícia de Oliveira
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ciro Dantas Soares.

Ethics declarations

This experimental protocol followed the guidelines of the Animal Experimentation Code of Ethics and Brazilian College of Animal Experimentation and was duly approved by the Ethics Committee of Potiguar University Laureate International Universities (protocol number 013/2013).

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Funding

This study was funded by a Brazilian National Council of Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) research fellowship (process numbers # 145722/2013-9, # 101367/2014-7, and # 117277/2014-2 to C.D.S.) and by FAPESP (Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo) for the PhD fellowship to C.D.S. (process number # 2015/25905-1).

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Not applicable. This article does not contain any studies with human participants performed by any of the authors.

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Meyer, P.F., de Oliveira, P., Silva, F.K.B.A. et al. Radiofrequency treatment induces fibroblast growth factor 2 expression and subsequently promotes neocollagenesis and neoangiogenesis in the skin tissue. Lasers Med Sci 32, 1727–1736 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-017-2238-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-017-2238-2

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