Abstract
A novel time-varying neural network (TVNN) architecture incorporating time dependency explicitly, proposed recently, for modeling nonlinear non-stationary dynamic systems is further developed in the present study to extend it to multi-input multi-output (MIMO) systems, and two configurations are proposed to represent dynamics of multivariable batch chemical processes. The first model (TVNN-multi-input single-output (MISO) model) consists of an input layer with M inputs representing the past samples of process inputs and outputs, a hidden layer with polynomial activation function, and a second hidden layer of L neurons acted upon by an explicitly time-dependent modulation function, which are combined to result in the output layer with a single output. This model is developed for each output in the MIMO system. In the second model (TVNN-MIMO model), multiple outputs are incorporated in the output layer. Back-propagation learning algorithm is formulated for the proposed neural network structures to determine the weights for each network configuration. The modeling capability of these networks is evaluated by employing it to represent the dynamics of a reactive batch distillation column for an esterification reaction. The results show that both the proposed neural networks configurations represent each composition of the reactive batch distillation dynamics accurately. Further, both the TVNNs exhibited better performance than time-independent networks trained using the same configuration. Both the TVNN configurations resulted in comparable performance, while the TVNN-MIMO model is more compact and requires less number of parameters. The present study illustrates that the proposed approach can be applied to represent dynamics of any batch/semi-batch process.
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The authors acknowledge the Director, CSIR-IICT, for support (MS Ref. No. IICT/pubs./2023/132).
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Kumar, P.N., Ganesh, B., Teja, M.V. et al. Time-varying neural networks for multi-input multi-output systems: a reactive batch distillation modeling case study. Neural Comput & Applic 36, 9157–9170 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00521-024-09556-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00521-024-09556-7