Moroni

Moroni
Wuri
11°42′13″S 43°15′13″E / 11.7036°S 43.2536°E / -11.7036; 43.2536
Ƙasa	Komoros
Autonomous island of the Comoros (en)	Grande Comore
Babban birnin	French Madagascar (en) Komoros Grande Comore Territory of the Comores (en)
Yawan mutane
Faɗi	62,351 (2013)
• Yawan mutane	2,078.37 mazaunan/km²
Labarin ƙasa
Yawan fili	30 km²
Wuri a ina ko kusa da wace teku	Tekun Indiya
Altitude (en)	29 m
Bayanan Tuntuɓa
Kasancewa a yanki na lokaci	UTC+03:00 (en)
Tsarin lamba ta kiran tarho	269

Moroni (lafazi: /moroni/) birni ne, da ke a ƙasar Komoros. Shi ne babban birnin ƙasar Komoros. Moroni ya na da yawan jama'a 54,000, bisa ga jimillar 2011. An gina birnin Moroni bayan karni na sha biyar kafin haihuwar Annabi Isah. ƙasa ce mai ikon mallakar tsibiri a Tekun Indiya . Moroni yana nufin "a kogin" ( mroni a Shingazidja ). Moroni babban birni ne na tsibirin Ngazidja mai cin gashin kansa, mafi girma daga cikin manyan tsibiran guda uku na jamhuriyar. Adadin mutanen birnin a shekarar 2003 ya kasance mazauna 41,557. ^[1] Moroni, wanda ke kan hanyar Nationale 1, yana da tashar jiragen ruwa da masallatai da yawa kamar Masallacin Badjanani.

Tarihin farko na Moroni bashi da tabbas. Rubuce-rubucen farko don daidaitawa a cikin tsibiran Comoros ya zo ne a farkon karni na 7, mai yiwuwa ta hanyar zirga-zirgar jiragen ruwa na Larabawa da masu amfani da aikin gona na Bantu, ^[2] yayin da yumbu ya samo daga karni na 7 zuwa na 10 ya nuna cewa tsibiran na daga cikin masu tasowa Swahili. wayewa, ^{[3] [4]} amma lokacin da Moroni kansa ya fara zama ba a san shi ba.

A tsakiyar karni na biyu, duk da haka, a fili Moroni ya kasance gari mai inganci, yana gudanar da harkokin kasuwanci a ko'ina cikin Tekun Indiya, kuma masallacin Badjanani, wanda aka gina a shekara ta 1427, shaida ce ga arzikin birnin, wanda ya yi daidai da shekarun zinare. sauran garuruwan Swahili. ^[5] Tare da makwabciyar tashar jiragen ruwa da babban birnin sarauta Ikoni, Moroni yana ɗaya daga cikin cibiyoyin tattalin arziki da siyasa biyu na masarautar Bambao. Duk da haka, har zuwa karshen karni na goma sha tara daya ne kawai daga cikin manyan garuruwan tsibirin, kuma bai kasance ba sai Sarkin Bambao, Said Ali ibn Said Omar, ya kulla yarjejeniya ta kare kai da Faransa a 1886. garinsa ya zama wurin mulkin mallaka.

Moroni ya girma sannu a hankali a cikin karni na ashirin domin, ko da yake yanzu shi ne babban birnin Ngazidja, ba wurin zama na mulkin yanki ba, wanda ke Dzaoudzi a kan Mayotte, kuma a cikin 1958 yawan jama'a ya kasance 6,545 kawai. ^[6] Duk da haka, a wannan shekarar ne aka yanke shawarar mayar da babban birnin tsibirin daga Dzaoudzi zuwa Moroni, kuma a hankali garin ya girma ya zama mafi girma a kasar. ^[7]

Wakilan Anjouan sun ki amincewa da yarjejeniyar cin gashin kai ga tsibiran guda uku wanda ya haifar da barkewar tashin hankali da ya shafi Moroni a cikin Afrilu 1999,^{[ana buƙatar hujja]}</link>A lokacin da ya karbi mulki a wani juyin mulki . ^[8] A cikin Disamba 2003, Yarjejeniyar Moroni kan Yarjejeniyar Canji ta sami rattaba hannu kan yarjejeniyar shuwagabannin tsibirin na Union of Comoros. ^[8] A gabanin zaben 2006, wasu mahara dauke da makamai sun kai farmaki gidan rediyo Ngazidja mallakin gwamnati da gidan rediyon Moroni FM mai zaman kansa tare da tilasta musu barin iska na wani dan lokaci. ^[9] A cikin 2010, Seabees na Navy na Amurka ya gina makarantar Hamramba a Moroni a matsayin aikin jin kai, tare da haɗin gwiwar sojojin gida da gwamnatin tarayya na Comoros; Hanyoyin gine-gine sun haɗa da haɗa kankare da hannu kafin a yi amfani da bokiti da keken hannu don matsar da simintin zuwa wurin makaranta. ^[10]

Garin yana yammacin gabar tekun Ngazidja . Moroni yana da bakin tekun dutsen mai aman wuta, galibi ba tare da rairayin bakin teku ba. Mazauna a arewacin Moroni sun haɗa da Itsandra, Ntsoudjini, Ouellah, Bahani, Batsa, Vanambouani da Vanadjou, kuma a kudu akwai Ikoni, Mvouni, Daoueni da Selea.

Wurin tsakiyar garin mai tarihi, Madina, yana ƙunshe da ɗimbin ƴan ƴan tudu da tsoffin gine-gine amma ba a kula da su sosai. Tsohuwar tsakiyar birni tana kama da tsohuwar garin Lamu amma ƙanƙanta ne. Akwai masallatai da yawa, musamman masallacin Badjanani ko Ancienne Mosquée de Vendredi (tsohon masallacin Juma'a), wanda shine masallaci mafi tsufa a cikin Madina. ^{[11] [12]} An gina ta ne a shekara ta 1427, kuma an ƙara minaret a 1921. ^[13] Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na kujeru 300 na Alliance Franco-Comorienne yana aiki a matsayin wurin wasan kwaikwayo na ƙasa da na duniya, bukukuwa, tarurruka, nunin fina-finai, da kuma karawa juna sani. Sauran wuraren sun hada da Al-Kamar mai kujeru 700, Palais du Peuple mai kujeru 500, da Foyer des Jeunes de Foumbouni mai kujeru 300. ^[14]

Moroni yana da ƴan otal da wuraren shakatawa na dare. Dutsen dutsen Karthala na kusa shima abin jan hankali ne don yin tafiye-tafiye lokacin da dutsen mai aman wuta ya kwanta.

Moroni yana fasalta yanayin dazuzzukan wurare masu zafi ( Af ), tare da yawan hazo gabaɗaya a cikin shekara - Oktoba ne kawai ke gani akan matsakaicin ƙasa da 100 millimetres (4 in) ruwa (kimanin 98 millimetres (3.9 in) ). Matsakaicin ruwan sama na shekara shine 2,700 millimetres (110 in) kuma ana yin ruwan sama a duk watannin shekara. Lokacin damina yana daga Nuwamba zuwa Afrilu. Danshi yana cikin kewayon kashi 69 zuwa 79. Matsakaicin yanayin zafi na Moroni a duk shekara yana dawwama sosai tare da girma a cikin kewayon 32–34 °C (90–93 °F) da ƙasa a cikin kewayon 14–20 °C (57–68 °F) . Yankin yana fuskantar guguwa akai-akai kuma yayin da tsibiran ke sama da digiri 10 a ƙasan ma'aunin zafi da sanyio a yammacin Tekun Indiya, galibi ana kiran yanayin a matsayin "mai zafi na teku".

Dutsen dutsen mai fitad da wuta wanda ya zama bayanan bayan birnin Moroni yana da nau'in tsuntsaye da yawa ciki har da Comoro pigeon, Karthala scops owl, Comoro cuckoo-roller, Comoro drongo, Comoro thrush, Comoro bulbul, Humblot's flycatcher, Comoro cuckoo-shrike , Karthala scops owl. farin-ido, Comoro brush-warbler, Comoro green sunbird, da kuma Comoro fody ^[15]

• 
  Gaɓar tekun Moroni
• 
  Tsohuwar Kasuwa, Moroni
• 
  Filin wasan kwallo na birnin
• 
  Cibiyar Kasuwancin SeyNourFat - Rue Travaux Jama'a Moroni
• 
  Cocin Katolika, Moroni
• 
  Masallaci a Moroni
• 
  Kasuwar Volo volo, Moroni
• 
• 
  Kifin nau'in Swordfish kenan da aka kama a Moroni
• 
  Bakin ruwa a Moroni

1. ↑ Encyclopædia Britannica. "Encyclopædia Britannica". Britannica.com. Retrieved 30 September 2013.
2. ↑ Crowther, et al. "Coastal Subsistence, Maritime Trade, and the Colonization of Small Offshore Islands in Eastern African Prehistory." Journal of Island and Coastal Archaeology, 11:211–237, 2016
3. ↑ Fleisher, Jeremy, et al. "Ceramics and the Early Swahili: Deconstructing the Early Tana Tradition." African Archaeology Review (2011) 28:245–278
4. ↑ Britannica, Moroni, britannica.com, USA, accessed on July 7, 2019
5. ↑ Ouledi, Ahmed, and Mahmoud Ibrahime. 2007. Les Comores Au Jour Le Jour: Chronologie. Moroni: Komedit.
6. ↑ Maximy, René de. 1968. "Moroni, capitale des Comores." Madagascar Revue de Géographie 12: 59-80.
7. ↑ Vérin, Pierre. 1994. Les Comores. Paris: Karthala.
8. ↑ ^{8.0 8.1} Union of the Comoros: Selected Issues and Statistical Appendix. International Monetary Fund. 2009. p. 19. ISBN 9781451809077.
9. ↑ Karlekar & Marchant 2008. sfn error: no target: CITEREFKarlekarMarchant2008 (help)
10. ↑ Empty citation (help)
11. ↑ Morris, Gregg (June 30, 2010). "Hamramba School Opens in Moroni, Comoros Islands". United States Navy. Retrieved 5 October 2013.
12. ↑ "Lonely Planet review for Arab Quarter". Lonely Planet. Retrieved 3 October 2013
13. ↑ Michael Hodd (1994). East African Handbook. Trade & Travel Publications. p. 686. ISBN 978-0-8442-8983-0
14. ↑ Rubin 1999. sfn error: no target: CITEREFRubin1999 (help)
15. ↑ Sinclair & Langrand 2003. sfn error: no target: CITEREFSinclairLangrand2003 (help)