Charles Henri Hector, Count of Estaing

Charles Henri Hector, Count of Estaing
Rayuwa
Haihuwa	Château de Ravel (en) , 24 Nuwamba, 1729
ƙasa	Faransa
Mutuwa	Faris, 28 ga Afirilu, 1794
Yanayin mutuwa	(decapitation by guillotine (en) )
Ƴan uwa
Mahaifi	Comte Charles François d'Estaing, Marquis de Saillans, Vicomte de Ravel
Mahaifiya	Marie Henriette Colbert
Yare	d'Estaing family (en)
Karatu
Harsuna	Faransanci
Sana'a
Sana'a	ɗan siyasa da soja
Kyaututtuka	gani Knight of the Order of the Holy Spirit Knight of the Order of Saint-Michel Marshal of France Admiral of France
Aikin soja
Fannin soja	French Army (en) Sojojin ruwa na kasar French
Digiri	admiral (en)
Ya faɗaci	War of the Austrian Succession (en)

Jean Baptiste Charles Henri Hector,Count of Estaing (24 Nuwamba 1729 - 28 Afrilu 1794) wani janar na Faransa ne kuma jajibi.Ya fara hidimarsa a matsayin soja a Yakin Nasara na Austriya,a taƙaice ya yi zaman fursuna na yaƙin Birtaniya a lokacin Yaƙin Shekaru Bakwai.Abubuwan da sojojin ruwa suka yi a lokacin yakin na ƙarshe ya sa shi canza rassan hidima, kuma ya koma Rundunar Sojan Ruwa ta Faransa.

Bayan shigar Faransa zuwa yakin Independence na Amurka a 1778,d'Estaing ya jagoranci rundunar jiragen ruwa don taimakawa 'yan tawayen Amurka. Ya shiga cikin gazawar Franco-Amurka na Newport, Rhode Island,a cikin 1778,da kuma 1779 Siege na Savannah bai yi nasara ba.Ya yi nasara a cikin Caribbean kafin ya koma Faransa a 1780.An ba da misali da matsalolinsa na aiki tare da takwarorinsu na Amurka daga cikin dalilan da suka sa waɗannan ayyuka a Arewacin Amurka suka gaza.

Duk da cewa d'Estaing ya ji tausayin masu juyin juya hali a lokacin juyin juya halin Faransa,amma ya kasance da aminci ga dangin sarauta na Faransa.Saboda haka ya shiga cikin tuhuma, kuma an kashe shi ta hanyar guillotine a cikin Mulkin Ta'addanci .

An haife shi a ranar 24 ga Nuwamba 1729 a Château de Ravel a Auvergne zuwa Charles-François,Marquis de Saillant da Marie-Henriette Colbert de Maulevrier,zuriyar Jean-Baptiste Colbert .^[1]Mahaifinsa Laftanar Janar ne a cikin Sojojin Faransa daga dangi da ke da dogon tarihin hidima ga kambin Faransa.^[2] Matashin d'Estaing ya sami ilimi tare da Louis,Dauphin (mahaifi na gaba Louis XVI ),wanda aka haife shi kusan lokaci guda.^[3]Don haka D'Estaing ya zama abokantaka na kud da kud da Dauphin kuma ya yi hidima a gidan sa.^[4]

A watan Mayun 1738 yana da shekaru 9 ya kasance a cikin sunan Musketeers,kamar yadda danginsa aristocratic suka zaba masa soja fiye da aikin gwamnati.Ya tashi cikin matsayi, daga ƙarshe ya shiga Regiment de Rouergue (fr.) a matsayin laftanar a 1746.A wannan shekarar ya auri Marie-Sophie, jikanyar Marshal Château-Renault .An kira rundunarsa don yin hidima a Yaƙin Nasara na Austriya .D'Estaing ya yi aiki a matsayin mataimaki-de-sansanin zuwa Marshal Saxe a cikin yakin Flanders na 1746-48.A cikin wadannan shekaru an kara masa girma zuwa kanar a matsayin kwamandan Regiment de Rouergue,kuma ya ji rauni a 1748 Siege na Maastricht .^[5]

Bayan yakin Sarki Louis XV ya fara wani shiri na sabunta sojojinsa a kan samfurin Frederick the Great 's Prussian Army.D'Estaing ya zama daya daga cikin manyan masu kawo sauyi.Bayan 'yan shekaru,an kalli Regiment de Rouergue "a matsayin abin koyi na sojojin ƙasa".^[6]Da yake neman samun gogewa a fannin diflomasiyya,d'Estaing ya raka jakadan Faransa a Ingila na wani lokaci.^[7]

Lokacin da rikici ya barke tsakanin Turawan Ingila da Faransawa a Arewacin Amirka,d'Estaing ya yi la'akari da shiga cikin sojojin Louis-Joseph de Montcalm da suka yi tafiya a cikin 1755,amma danginsa sun hana shi yin haka.^[7]Sa’ad da aka shirya balaguro zuwa Gabashin Indiya,ya nemi ya shiga ba tare da tuntuɓar iyalinsa ba.An tabbatar da shigarsa ne lokacin da aka yi masa karin girma zuwa ga birgediya-janar,muddin zai iya mika umurninsa ga wani,wanda ya yi.^[8]A farkon Janairu 1757, jim kadan kafin a hau,d'Estaing aka bayar da Order of Saint Louis.^[9]

Bayan doguwar tafiya,rundunar sojojin comte d'Aché,ɗauke da sojojin balaguro wanda kwamandan ƙasar shi ne count de Lally, sun isa birnin Cuddalore da Birtaniyya ta mamaye a kudancin Indiya a ranar 28 ga Afrilu 1758.^[10]Lally ya sauke sojojinsa,ya kafa shingen shinge a kusa da garin,sannan ya tafi Pondicherry don tsara jigilar kayan yaƙi.A ranar 4 ga watan Mayu sojojin Faransa sun mamaye garin tare da killace wani bangare na Fort St.David.^[11]An yi jinkirin zuwan na'urorin kewayen,amma a karshe rundunar ta tilasta yin mika wuya bayan shafe kwanaki 17 na aikin kawanya. D'Estaing ya umarci hagu na Lally,yana kula da hanyoyin da kuma sanya batura.^[12]Ya ci gaba da hidima a karkashin Lally a yakin da ya yi da Birtaniya a kudancin Indiya.Ya yi adawa da matakin Lally na ɗage kewayen Tanjore (wanda kawai a cikin majalisar yaƙin Lally da ya yi hakan) bayan kama Karikal na Burtaniya. Lokacin da Lally ya fara kewaye Madras a watan Disamba 1758,an sanya sashin Estaing a tsakiyar layin Faransanci. Lokacin da turawan ingila suka yi wa wannan bangaren,d'Estaing ya ci gaba shi kadai ya leka musu motsin su.Sojojin Biritaniya sun kewaye shi,ba su da doki,kuma bayonet sun ji masa rauni sau biyu kafin ya mika wuya. ^[13]

An kai D'Estaing zuwa Madras, inda aka tsare shi da umarnin Gwamna George Pigot . Pigot yayi tayin sakin shi akan parole,amma d'Estaing ya ki, ya gwammace a musanya shi domin ya ci gaba da fada.^[14] Zuwan wani jirgin ruwa na Burtaniya daga Madras a watan Fabrairun 1759 ya shawo kan d'Estaing don karɓar tayin sakin layi,wanda ke da sharadi akan kada ya yi yaƙi da Burtaniya a Gabashin Indiya.^[15] A watan Mayu 1759 ya tashi zuwa Île-de-Faransa ( Mauritius na yanzu). ^[16]