vroughtime is a compact C library for a roughtime, a secure clock synchronization protocol. This protocol provides cryptographically authenticated time. This implementation targets embedded use.

This is a picture of an ESP32-based clock running vroughtime:

A roughtime client is relatively simple and lightweight to implement, even in lower-end processors, since it does not use TLS. roughtime is essentially a challenge-response protocol: the client sends a random challenge to ensure freshness and the server replies with a signed time tied to the client's challenge. For a nicer explanation on roughtime, look here. For the protocol specification, click here. roughtime is useful if your cryptographic protocol relies on time (eg certificate expiration times).

vroughtime is a portable implementation with no dependency on the transport layer. You need to provide this.

To make things easy, vroughtime does not even ship with a build system. You just need the following files:

• vrt.c
• vrt.h
• tweetnacl.c
• tweetnacl.h

Link against vrt.o and tweetnacl.o. There are no other dependencies. To use, you'll need the following buffers:

uint8_t query[VRT_QUERY_PACKET_LEN];
uint8_t nonce[VRT_NONCE_SIZE];
uint32_t recv_buffer[RECV_BUFFER_LEN / 4];

First prepare the query packet like:

vrt_ret_t ret;

fill_random(nonce, sizeof nonce); // you need to provide this
ret = vrt_make_query(nonce, 64, query, sizeof query)
fail_on(ret != VRT_SUCCESS);

Then send query using UDP to the roughtime server of your choice, and store the answer in recv_buffer. Parse the response as:

uint64_t out_midpoint;
uint32_t out_radii;
ret = vrt_parse_response(nonce, recv_buffer,
                         sizeof recv_buffer * sizeof recv_buffer[0],
                         public_key, &out_midpoint, &out_radii);
fail_on(ret != VRT_SUCCESS);

The output will be placed in out_midpoint. Check vrt_test.c and vrt_client_unix.c for an example on how to use it.

Some more details:

• If you already have libsodium in your project, then do not compile tweetnacl.c, but include sodium.h instead of tweetnacl.h. Things should work out of the box. The only call to libsodium is crypto_sign_open.
• If you are tight on RAM, you can reuse the buffer for sending and receiving. See vrt_client_freertos.c for an example.
• roughtime requires updatable clients. If you link against vroughtime, you should have an update path.
• For a list of current roughtime servers, see https://github.com/cloudflare/roughtime/blob/master/ecosystem.json

A natural question is why use C in 2021 for code that parses untrusted input, deals with tag-length-values and calls crypto. This looks like mixing water with electricity. The answer is, esteemed reader, a little more nuanced to fit in a sentence.

Warning: vroughtime is the product of a single human with zero peer review. Meaning that it will have bugs. So if you have some time to dispose of, audit the code (the relevant bits are only about 200 lines) and leave a PR with your findings (even if none!). And please add your name here ❤️

For a more complete implementation, check out https://github.com/nahojkap/craggy