瑟

瑟	U+745F, 瑟 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-745F

Translingual

Han character

瑟 (Kangxi radical 96, 玉+9, 13 strokes, cangjie input 一土心竹 (MGPH), four-corner 1133₁, composition ⿱玨必)

an ancient stringed musical instrument (long zither)
dignified, massive
sound of wind

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 738, character 11
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 21133
Dae Jaweon: page 1149, character 2
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1125, character 5
Unihan data for U+745F

Chinese

trad.		瑟
simp. ^#		瑟

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 瑟
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (必) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
泌	mpriɡs, priɡ, *bliɡ
秘	*mpriɡs
毖	*priɡs
閟	*priɡs
柲	priɡs, bliːɡ, priɡ, bliɡ
鉍	priɡs, priɡ
邲	priɡs, bliɡ, *briɡ
覕	pliŋs, mbliːɡ
咇	bliːɡ, priɡ, *bliɡ
苾	bliːɡ, bliɡ
馝	bliːɡ, bliɡ
飶	bliːɡ, bliɡ
鴓	*mbliːɡ
鮅	pliɡ, bliɡ
必	*pliɡ
珌	*pliɡ
佖	bliɡ, briɡ
駜	bliɡ, briɡ
怭	*bliɡ
妼	*bliɡ
宓	mriɡ, mliɡ
樒	*mriɡ
密	*mriɡ
蔤	*mriɡ
滵	*mriɡ
蜜	*mliɡ
謐	*mliɡ
榓	*mliɡ
淧	*mliɡ
瑟	smriɡ, smriɡ
璱	*sriɡ
飋	*sriɡ
虙	*blɯɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *smriɡ, *smriɡ) : semantic 珡 (“musical instrument”) + phonetic 必 (OC *pliɡ). 珡 has been simplified into the unrelated 玨.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): sè (se⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄙㄜˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): sat¹
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): sit
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): sek / siak / sit

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: sè
  - Zhuyin: ㄙㄜˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: sè
  - Wade–Giles: sê⁴
  - Yale: sè
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: seh
  - Palladius: сэ (sɛ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɤ⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: sat¹
  - Yale: sāt
  - Cantonese Pinyin: sat⁷
  - Guangdong Romanization: sed¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɐt̚⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sit
  - Hakka Romanization System: xid^ˋ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: xid⁵
  - Sinological IPA: /sit̚²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sek
  - Tâi-lô: sik
  - Phofsit Daibuun: seg
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /siɪk̚³²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siak
  - Tâi-lô: siak
  - Phofsit Daibuun: siag
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /siak̚⁵/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sit
  - Tâi-lô: sit
  - Phofsit Daibuun: sid
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /sit̚⁵/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /sit̚³²/

Note:

siak/sek - vernacular;
sit - literary.

Middle Chinese: srit

Rime
Character	瑟
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	生 (21)
Final (韻)	櫛 (51)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	所櫛切
Baxter	srit
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʃɪt̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ʃɪt̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ʃiet̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʂit̚/
Li Rong	/ʃiĕt̚/
Wang Li	/ʃĭet̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ʂi̯æt̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	she
Expected Cantonese Reflex	sat¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[s.m]ri[t]/

(Zhengzhang): /*smriɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	瑟
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	sè
Middle Chinese	‹ srit ›
Old Chinese	/*[s.m]ri[t]/
English	lute
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	瑟	瑟
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	599	602
Phonetic component	必	必
Rime group	質	質
Rime subdivision	2	2
Corresponding MC rime	瑟	瑟
Old Chinese	/*smriɡ/	/*smriɡ/

Definitions

瑟

(music) the se, an ancient Chinese bridge zither, usually with 25 strings
^† solemn; dignified; alone; bleak
Used in 瑟瑟 (sèsè).
Used in 瑟縮／瑟缩 (sèsuō) and 瑟索.

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

瑟

(Hyōgai kanji)

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Readings

Go-on: しち (shichi)
Kan-on: しつ (shitsu)
Kun: おおごと (ōgoto, 瑟)

Korean

Hanja

瑟 • (seul) (hangeul 슬, revised seul, McCune–Reischauer sŭl, Yale sul)

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Vietnamese

Han character

瑟: Hán Nôm readings: sắt

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