交關

See also: 交关

Chinese

	to deliver; to turn over; to make friends to deliver; to turn over; to make friends; to intersect (lines); to pay (money)	to close; to shut; to turn off to close; to shut; to turn off; to concern; to involve; mountain pass
trad. (交關)	交	關
simp. (交关)	交	关
alternative forms	交干 Hakka 交官 Hakka

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): jiāoguān

(Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄠㄍㄨㄢ
Cantonese (Jyutping): gaau¹ gwaan¹
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): kâu-kôn

(Meixian, Guangdong): gau¹ gon¹
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kau-koan
Wu (Northern, Wugniu): ¹ciau-kue₁

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: jiāoguān
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄠㄍㄨㄢ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jiaoguan
  - Wade–Giles: chiao¹-kuan¹
  - Yale: jyāu-gwān
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiauguan
  - Palladius: цзяогуань (czjaoguanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ku̯än⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: gaau¹ gwaan¹
  - Yale: gāau gwāan
  - Cantonese Pinyin: gaau¹ gwaan¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: gao¹ guan¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kaːu̯⁵⁵ kʷaːn⁵⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kâu-kôn
  - Hakka Romanization System: gau^ˊ gon^ˊ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: gau¹ gon¹
  - Sinological IPA: /kau̯²⁴⁻¹¹ kon²⁴/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: gau¹ gon¹
  - Sinological IPA: /kau⁴⁴ kɔn⁴⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kau-koan
  - Tâi-lô: kau-kuan
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kau'koafn
  - IPA (Xiamen): /kau⁴⁴⁻²² kuan⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kau³³ kuan³³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /kau⁴⁴⁻²² kuan⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /kau⁴⁴⁻³³ kuan⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kau⁴⁴⁻³³ kuan⁴⁴/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai, Suzhou)
  - Wugniu: ¹ciau-kue₁
  - MiniDict: ciau^平 kue^平
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹jiau-kue₁
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡ɕiɔ⁵⁵ kue²¹/
  - Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /t͡ɕiæ⁴⁴ kue/

Adjective

交關

related
性命交關／性命交关 ― xìngmìng jiāoguān ― vitally important (lit. related to life)
(Wu) many [from 19th c.]
交關物事／交关物事 [Shanghainese] ― ¹ciau-kue₁ ⁸meq-zy₆ [Wugniu] ― Many things
(Cantonese) to a high degree; serious; unbearable; terrible (usually with 得 (dak¹))
你哋做咩嘈得咁交關啊？ [Cantonese, trad.]
你哋做咩嘈得咁交关啊？ [Cantonese, simp.]
nei⁵ dei⁶ zou⁶ me¹ cou⁴ dak¹ gam³ gaau¹ gwaan¹ aa³? [Jyutping]
What are you arguing so terribly for?

今日又會凍得咁交關嘅？ [Cantonese, trad.]
今日又会冻得咁交关嘅？ [Cantonese, simp.]
gam¹ jat⁶ jau⁶ wui⁵ dung³ dak¹ gam³ gaau¹ gwaan¹ ge²? [Jyutping]
How come it's so unbearably cold today?

靚得交關／靓得交关 [Cantonese] ― leng³ dak¹ gaau¹ gwaan¹ [Jyutping] ― extremely pretty

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 很多 (“many; much; a lot”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		許多, 甚多
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	老些, 老些個
Northeastern Mandarin	Taiwan	很多, 好多, 滿多, 許多
Cantonese	Guangzhou	好多
	Hong Kong	好多
	Taishan	好多
Hakka	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	當多, 已多
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	蓋多
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	當多, 盡多, 已多
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	當多, 已多
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	當多, 盡多, 已多
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	真多, 足多
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	野濟
Southern Min	Xiamen	真濟, 野濟, 誠濟, 有夠濟
	Quanzhou	真濟, 野濟, 誠濟, 有夠濟
	Zhangzhou	盡濟, 蓋濟, 足濟, 有夠濟
	Taipei	真濟, 誠濟
	New Taipei (Sanxia)	真濟, 誠濟
	Kaohsiung	有夠濟, 足濟, 真濟, 誠濟, 蓋濟
	Yilan	有夠濟, 足濟, 誠濟, 盡濟
	Changhua (Lukang)	真濟, 誠濟
	Taichung	誠濟, 蓋濟, 足濟
	Tainan	有夠濟, 足濟, 真濟, 誠濟, 蓋濟
	Hsinchu	真濟, 誠濟
	Kinmen	足濟, 誠濟
	Penghu (Magong)	真濟, 誠濟
	Penang (Hokkien)	誠濟
	Manila (Hokkien)	野濟, 真濟
	Puning	好濟
Wu	Shanghai	老多, 交關, 交關多, 造反, 行情, 介許多
Wu	Hangzhou	造反

Verb

交關

(literary, Southern Min, Hakka, Wu) to do business
(literary, Wu) to be connected
(literary) to conspire; to collude
(literary) to mingle; to intertwine

Adverb

交關

(Wu) very; quite; seriously; tremendously; terribly; extremely [from 20th c.]
交關漂亮／交关漂亮 [Shanghainese] ― ¹ciau-kue ⁵phiau-lian [Wugniu] ― extremely pretty

搿搭太陽一出就會交關熱個。 [Shanghainese, trad.]
搿搭太阳一出就会交关热个。 [Shanghainese, simp.]
⁸geq-taq ⁵tha-yan ⁷iq-tsheq ⁶zhieu ¹ciau-kue-gniq-gheq [Wugniu]
It gets very hot here when the sun comes out.
- 渭臣道：「有五十幾歲哉。老老頭交關歡喜白相。」 [Written Vernacular Chinese, trad.]
  渭臣道：「有五十几岁哉。老老头交关欢喜白相。」 [Written Vernacular Chinese, simp.]
  From: 1899, 海天鴻雪記
  Official Wei said, “he’s fifty-something years old. The old man really likes to play.”

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 很 (“very”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		甚, 孔
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		很, 非常, 十分
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	挺, 很, 倍兒, 怪
	Taiwan	很, 好, 非常, 超, 蠻, 超級
	Malaysia	很
	Singapore	很, 蠻, 非常
Jilu Mandarin	Tianjin	挺, 很, 傻, 老, 倍兒, 齁兒
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	挺, 楞
Central Plains Mandarin	Xi'an	很
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	很, 好
	Chongqing	很
	Wuhan	蠻, 很
Jianghuai Mandarin	Yangzhou	蠻, 稀, 很
Jianghuai Mandarin	Hefei	很
Cantonese	Guangzhou	好, 非常之
	Hong Kong	好, 非常, 非常之, 超, 勁, 十分之, 無敵
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	好
	Taishan	好, 十分之
	Yangjiang	好
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	好
	Singapore (Guangfu)	好, 非常之, 非常
Gan	Nanchang	蠻
Hakka	Meixian	好, 刮, 已, 還, 異, 還 exclamation
	Huidong (Daling)	好
	Wuhua (Meilin)	好
	Shaoguan (Qujiang)	頂
	Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang)	好
	Changting	野
	Wuping (Pingyu)	已, 刮
	Liancheng	樣
	Ninghua	好
	Ruijin	蠻
	Shicheng	蠻
	Shangyou (Shexi)	蠻
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	當, 已, 還
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	蓋, 盡, 還
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	當, 盡, 已, 還
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	當, 已, 還
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	當, 已, 還
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	足, 真, 實在
	Hong Kong	好
	Sabah (Bao'an)	好
	Kuching (Hepo)	很
	Singapore (Dabu)	好
Jin	Taiyuan	很, 挺
Northern Min	Jian'ou	盡
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	野, 真
	Singapore (Fuqing)	真
	Sitiawan (Gutian)	真
Southern Min	Xiamen	真, 野, 誠, 有夠, 萬代, 死人, 非常, 真正, 設汰, 一
	Xiamen (Tong'an)	真
	Quanzhou	真, 野, 誠, 有夠, 萬代, 死人, 設汰
	Jinjiang	野
	Zhangzhou	盡, 蓋, 足, 足範, 有夠, 出奇, 極死, 見死, 死了了, 死人, 設汰, 設汰仔
	Zhao'an	很, 真, 死絕, 好, 非常
	Dongshan	真, 非常
	Taipei	真, 誠
	New Taipei (Sanxia)	真, 誠
	Kaohsiung	有夠, 足, 真, 誠, 蓋
	Yilan	有夠, 足, 誠, 盡
	Changhua (Lukang)	真, 誠
	Taichung	誠, 蓋, 足
	Tainan	有夠, 足, 真, 誠, 蓋
	Hsinchu	真, 誠
	Kinmen	足, 誠
	Penghu (Magong)	真, 誠
	Penang (Hokkien)	真, 誠, 真正
	Singapore (Hokkien)	真, 死爸, 真正, 誠, 足, 有夠
	Manila (Hokkien)	野, 真, 萬代, 真誠, 誠, 有夠
	Chaozhou	過, 好, 非常, 死爸
	Shantou	過, 鐵, 好, 很, 死爸, 死絕
	Shantou (Chenghai)	好, 死絕
	Shantou (Chaoyang)	好, 非常
	Jieyang	過, 好, 死爸, 死絕
	Bangkok (Teochew)	好
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	好
	Singapore (Teochew)	真, 死爸, 非常
	Wenchang	極, 但顧, 真
	Haikou	但顧
	Qionghai	但顧, 真
	Singapore (Hainanese)	但顧, 真
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi)	好, 蠻
Wu	Shanghai	蠻, 老, 邪氣, 老老, 瞎, 絕, 十分, 十二萬分, 非常, 非常之, 畢, 畢畢, 來得, 來得個, 煞, 交關, 十二分 rare, 窮 dated, 野 dated, 邪 dated
	Suzhou	蠻, 窮
	Hangzhou	蠻, 交關, 木佬佬, 冒
	Ningbo	交關, 蠻, 堪, 𣍐好, 𣍐派, 甮派, 出格, 木牢牢 rare, 猛 rare
	Zhoushan	交關, 蠻, 猛, 堪, 出格, 木牢牢 rare
	Wenzhou	蠻, 蒙, 顯
Xiang	Changsha	很, 蠻
Xiang	Shuangfeng	蠻

References

“Entry #2107”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2024.