Margraves of Brunswick
editMargrave | Period | Relation | Remarks |
---|---|---|---|
1006–1038 | Liudolf | ||
1038–1057 | Bruno II | son | |
1057–1068 | Egbert I | brother | |
1068–1090 | Egbert II | son | |
1090–1117 | Gertrude | daughter | ruled with her husband Henry of Northeim |
1117–1136 | Richenza | daughter | ruled with her husband Lothair III of Süpplinburg |
1136–1139 | Henry the Proud | son-in-law | widower of Gertrud of Süpplingenburg |
1139–1199 | Henry the Lion | son | |
1199–1212 | Henry V | son | |
1212–1214 | Henry VI | son |
Dukes of Brunswick
editDuke | Period | Principality | Remarks |
---|---|---|---|
Otto I the Child | 1235–1252 | Brunswick-Lüneburg | Jointly with Albert I |
1267–1279 | Wolffenbüttel | ||
Albert I | 1252–1267 | Brunswick-Lüneburg | Jointly with Otto I |
1267–1277 | Lüneburg | ||
Otto II | 1277–1330 | Lüneburg | |
Henry I | 1279–1322 | Wolffenbüttel | Jointly with Albert II and William I |
1279–1322 | Grubenhagen | ||
Albert II | 1279–1318 | Wolffenbüttel | Jointly with Henry I and William I |
1279–1318 | Göttingen | ||
William I | 1279–1291 | Wolffenbüttel | Jointly with Henry I and Albert II |
1291–1292 | Northern part, around Brunswick | After his death, his territory was divided between Grubenhagen and Göttingen | |
Otto III the Mild | 1318–1344 | Göttingen | Jointly with Magnus I |
Magnus I | 1318–1345 | Göttingen | Jointly with Otto III |
1345–1369 | Wolffenbüttel | ||
Ernest I | 1345–1367 | Göttingen | |
Henry II | 1322–1351 | Grubenhagen | Jointly with William II |
William II | 1322–1360 | Grubenhagen | Jointly with Henry II |
Ernest II | 1322–1361 | Osterode | |
Otto IV | 1330–1352 | Lüneburg | Jointly with William III; Otto IV is sometimes called Otto III |
William III | 1330–1369 | Lüneburg | Jointly with Otto III After his death, Lüneburg fell to Magnus II of Wolfenbüttel |
Otto V | 1351–1376 | Grubenhagen | |
Frederick I | 1361–1420 | Osterode | |
Albert III | 1361–1384 | Grubenhagen | Sometimes called Albert I of Brunswick-Grubenhagen |
Otto VI | 1367–1394 | Göttingen | Sometimes called Otto I of Brunswick-Göttingen |
Magnus II | 1369–1373 | Lüneburg and Wolfenbüttel | |
Frederick II | 1373–1400 | Einbeck | After his death, Einbeck fell to Wolfenbüttel |
Eric I | 1383–1427 | Grubenhagen | |
Henry III | 1388–1416 | Lüneburg | Jointly with Bernard I |
Bernard I | 1388–1409 | Lüneburg | Jointly with Henry III |
Otto VII | 1394–1463 | Göttingen | After his death, Göttingen fell to Calenberg |
Henry III | 1400–1416 | Wolfenbüttel | Henry III also held Lüneburg |
William IV | 1416–1428 | Lüneburg | Jointly with Henry IV |
Henry IV | 1416–1428 | Lüneburg | Jointly with William IV |
Otto VIII | 1420–1452 | Osterode | |
Henry V | 1427–1464 | Grubenhagen | Jointly with Ernest III and Albert IV |
Ernest III | 1427–1464 | Grubenhagen | Jointly with Henry V and Albert IV |
Albert IV | 1427–1485 | Grubenhagen | Until 1464 jointly with Henry V and Ernest II |
William IV | 1428–1432 | Wolfenbüttel | Jointly with Henry IV |
Henry IV | 1428–1473 | Wolfenbüttel | Until 1432 jointly with William IV |
William IV | 1432–1473 | Calenberg | |
Otto IX | 1434–1446 | Lüneburg | Jointly with Frederick III |
Frederick III | 1434–1457 | Lüneburg | Until 1446 jointly with Otto IX |
William IV | 1450–1473 | Göttingen | Also held Calenberg |
Albert IV | 1452–1485 | Osterode | He was also one of three brothers ruling Grubenhagen |
Bernard II | 1457–1464 | Lüneburg | |
Henry VI | 1463–1526 | Heldenburg | Grubenhagen was divided into Osterode and Heldenburg |
Otto X | 1464–1471 | Lüneburg | |
Frederick III | 1472–1478 | Lüneburg | Second term |
William IV | 1473–1482 | Wolfenbüttel | His second term in Wolfenbüttel |
Henry VII | 1478–1520 | Lüneburg | Until 1486, his mother, Anna of Nassau-Dillenburg acted as regent |
William V | 1482–1491 | Wolfenbüttel | Until 1484 jointly with Frederick IV |
Frederick IV | 1482–1484 | Wolfenbüttel | Deposed by William IV |
Philip I | 1485–1551 | Osterode | |
Henry VIII | 1491–1514 | Wolfenbüttel | Until 1494 jointly with Eric II |
Eric II | 1491–1494 | Wolfenbüttel | Jointly with Henry IV |
1494–1540 | Calenberg | ||
Henry IX | 1514–1568 | Wolfenbüttel | |
Otto XI | 1520–1527 | Lüneburg | Jointly with Ernest IV |
Ernest IV | 1520–1527 | Lüneburg | Jointly with Otto XI |
1527–1546 | Celle | ||
Otto XI | 1527–1549 | Harburg | |
Francis | 1539–1549 | Gifhorn | |
Eric III | 1545–1584 | Calenberg | After his death, Calenberg fell to Wolfenbüttel |
Otto XII | 1549–1603 | Lüneburg | |
Ernest V | 1551–1567 | Grubenhagen | |
Francis Otto | 1555–1559 | Lüneburg | |
William | 1559–1592 | Lüneburg | |
Wolfgang | 1567–1595 | Grubenhagen | |
Julius | 1568–1589 | Wolfenbüttel | |
1584–1589 | Calenberg | ||
Wolfgang | 1567–1595 | Grubenhagen | |
Henry Julius | 1589–1613 | Wolfenbüttel | |
Ernest VI | 1592–1611 | Lüneburg | |
Julius Ernest | 1598–1636 | Wolfenbüttel | After his death, Dannenberg fell to Wolfenbüttel |
Electors of Hanover
editThe Electorate of Hanover was ruled in personal union with the Kingdom of Great Britain
Elector | Period | Relation to predecssor |
1698–1727 | George I | |
1727–1760 | George II | son of George I |
1760–1820 | George III | grandson of George II |
Kings of Hanover
editThe Elctorate of Hanover was raised to a Kingdom in 1815
King | Period | Relation | Remarks |
1815–1820 | George III | Also King of the United Kingdom | |
1820–1830 | George IV | son | Also King of the United Kingdom |
1830–1837 | William IV | brother | Also King of the United Kingdom |
1837–1851 | Ernest Augustus I | brother | Under Salic Law, Queen Victoria could not inherit Hanover |
1861–1866 | George V | son |
In 1866, Hanover was annexed by Prussia