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Pacific Surfliner

The Pacific Surfliner is a 350-mile (560 km) passenger train service serving the communities on the coast of Southern California between San Diego and San Luis Obispo.

Pacific Surfliner
Pacific Surfliner train at San Diego Santa Fe Depot
Overview
Service typeInter-city rail, higher-speed rail
LocaleSouthern California
PredecessorSan Diegan
First serviceJune 1, 2000; 24 years ago (2000-06-01)
Current operator(s)LOSSAN Rail Corridor Agency, in partnership with Amtrak, Caltrans and OCTA
Annual ridership1,517,425 (FY23) Decrease -7.1%[a][1]
Websitepacificsurfliner.com
Route
TerminiSan Luis Obispo
San Diego
Stops25
Distance travelled350 miles (560 km)
Average journey time8 hours, 52 minutes[2]
Train number(s)562–595, 761–794
On-board services
Class(es)Coach Class, Business Class
Catering facilitiesCafé
Technical
Rolling stockSiemens Charger
Surfliner (railcar)
Track gauge4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge
Operating speed41 mph (66 km/h) (avg.)
90 mph (140 km/h) (top)
Route map
Map Pacific Surfliner highlighted in black
Legend
mi (km)
Coast Starlight
to Seattle
0 (0)
 San Luis Obispo
12 (20)
 Grover Beach
24 (39)
 Guadalupe
51 (81)
 Lompoc–Surf
109 (176)
 Goleta
119 (191)
 Santa Barbara
129 (207)
 Carpinteria
145 (234)
 Ventura
Metrolink
to Ventura–East
155 (250)
 Oxnard
164 (264)
 Camarillo
175 (282)
 Moorpark
186 (299)
 Simi Valley
193 (311)
 Chatsworth
G Line 
201 (323)
 Northridge
203 (326)
 Van Nuys
( 2030)
208 (335)
 Hollywood Burbank Airport Hollywood Burbank Airport
Metrolink
to Lancaster
214 (345)
 Downtown Burbank
216 (348)
 Glendale
A Line 
Sunset Limited
to New Orleans
222 (357)
 Los Angeles J Line 
B Line D Line  |
Metrolink
to San Bernardino
E Line 
247 (398)
 Fullerton
Southwest Chief
to Chicago
&
Metrolink
to Perris–South
253 (407)
 Anaheim
Metrolink
to San Bernardino
256 (412)
 Orange
258 (415)
 Santa Ana
(OC Streetcar 2025)
267 (430)
 Irvine
276 (444)
 Laguna Niguel/Mission Viejo
280 (450)
 San Juan Capistrano
287 (462)
 San Clemente Pier
309 (497)
 Oceanside
Sprinter
to Escondido
312 (502)
 Carlsbad Village
316 (509)
 Carlsbad Poinsettia
321 (517)
 Encinitas
324 (521)
 Solana Beach
Del Mar Fairgrounds
(planned, 2028[3])
332 (534)
 Sorrento Valley
Green Line
Blue Line
346 (557)
 San Diego–Old Town
350 (563)
 San Diego
Green Line
Blue Line
 
Silver Line

Handicapped/disabled access All stations are accessible

Key
Metrolink (California)
Track shared with Metrolink
Track shared with Metrolink & Coaster
Track shared with Coaster
Limited service, not all trains stop
Former station, no longer served
This diagram:

The Pacific Surfliner is Amtrak's third-busiest service (exceeded in ridership only by the Northeast Regional and Acela), and the busiest outside the Northeast Corridor.[4]

Like all regional trains in California, the Pacific Surfliner is operated by a joint powers authority. The LOSSAN Rail Corridor Agency is governed by a board that includes eleven elected representatives from the six counties the train travels through. LOSSAN contracts with the Orange County Transportation Authority to provide day-to-day management of the service and with contracts with Amtrak to operate the service and maintain the rolling stock (locomotives and passenger cars). The California Department of Transportation (Caltrans) provides the funding to operate the service and also owns all of the locomotives and some of the rolling stock; with Amtrak owning the rest.

Portions of the line in southern Orange County have been suspended four times between 2022 and 2024 due to coastal erosion.

Operations

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A Pacific Surfliner entering San Clemente

The 350-mile (563 km) San Luis Obispo–San Diego trip takes approximately 8 hours, 52 minutes at an average speed of 38.9 miles per hour (63 km/h);[2] maximum track speed is 79 to 90 miles per hour (127 to 145 km/h). Much of the Pacific Surfliner's scenic route follows the Pacific coast, with the tracks being less than 100 feet (30 m) from the ocean in some locations. However, trains travel inland through expansive farmlands in Ventura County and industrial areas in the Los Angeles Basin, San Fernando Valley, and parts of Orange County.

As of October 2023, the Pacific Surfliner operates ten daily round trips between Los Angeles and San Diego. Five round trips continue north of Los Angeles: two run all the way to San Luis Obispo, and three run to Goleta (near Santa Barbara), with Amtrak Thruway motorcoach service over the rest of the route to San Luis Obispo.[2] Thruway motorcoach connections are also available to San Pedro; to Palm Springs and Indio; and to San Jose or Oakland (with connections to Capitol Corridor trains) via Paso Robles.

Because the stations at the ends of the line do not have wyes to turn equipment, trains are operated in push-pull mode. The locomotive is at the rear of the train, pushing the train from Goleta, San Luis Obispo or San Diego to Los Angeles. At Los Angeles, the train reverses at the station, and the locomotive pulls the train to San Diego or Goleta/San Luis Obispo, respectively. Run-through tracks are under construction at Union Station in Los Angeles to ease congestion and reduce time spent waiting to enter or depart the station.[5][6] The ongoing North Coast Corridor project plans to increase rail capacity on the route of the Surfliner in North San Diego County.

LOSSAN Rail Corridor Agency

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Local agencies along with the host railroads formed the Los Angeles–San Diego-San Luis Obispo Rail Corridor Agency (LOSSAN) in 1989.[7] The Pacific Surfliner is operated by Amtrak under the Amtrak California brand with funding provided by the California Department of Transportation (Caltrans). Serious discussions were held in 2009 regarding the local agencies administering the service rather than Caltrans.[8] California Senate Bill No. 1225, passed in 2014, allowed LOSSAN to amend the joint powers agreement and become the sponsor of state-supported intercity passenger rail service in the corridor.[9] In mid-2015, LOSSAN assumed oversight for the Surfliner.[10] They are also working with Caltrans to assess rail operations from Los Angeles to San Diego to develop better connections, close gaps in the schedule, and optimize the assets of the railroad.[11]

History

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The San Diegan in 1985

The route is the successor of the San Diegan, a Los Angeles–San Diego service operated since 1938 by the Santa Fe Railway. It had been one of the Santa Fe's premier routes until Amtrak took over operations in 1971. Initially there were three daily trips, but the schedule was expanded to six round trips during the 1970s with funding from the state of California. In 1988 the service was extended to Santa Barbara to provide the Central Coast with an additional train to Los Angeles, followed in 1995 with one trip a day going all the way to San Luis Obispo.[12] To better reflect the route's extent, it was renamed the Pacific Surfliner in 2000.[13] The route is named after the Surf Line, which now comprises the route's busiest section from Los Angeles to San Diego.

A stop at Old Town Transit Center was added in 2004. Stops at Orange and Laguna Niguel/Mission Viejo were added in 2007 but dropped in 2012. On October 7, 2013, stops were added at Coaster stations at Carlsbad Village, Carlsbad Poinsettia, Encinitas and Sorrento Valley.[14] The Carlsbad Poinsettia and Encinitas stops were dropped on October 9, 2017, due to low ridership.[15] The Carlsbad Village and Sorrento Valley stops were dropped on October 8, 2018, due to changes with the cross-ticketing arrangement with Coaster.[16] A 13th daily round trip was added on October 14, 2019.[17]

On September 30, 2022, all rail service between Irvine and Oceanside was suspended due to coastal erosion under the track in San Clemente.[18] Emergency repairs were expected to take at least 90 days.[19][20] Full Pacific Surfliner service resumed on April 17, 2023.[21] Service south of Irvine was again suspended on April 27 due to further erosion at Casa Romantica.[22] Service resumed on May 27, 2023.[23] Service was suspended again on June 5 due to continued erosion at Casa Romantica and resumed on July 19.[24][25] Service was suspended on January 25, 2024, due to a landslide at San Clemente.[26] The state declared an emergency on February 1, allowing the Orange County Transportation Authority to access emergency funding.[27] Limited service through the landslide area resumed on March 6, 2024, followed by full service on March 25.[28][29]

Route

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Map of Pacific Surfliner stations

The Pacific Surfliner runs on track owned by several private railroads and public agencies:

Stations

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Station Municipality mi (km) Connections
San Luis Obispo San Luis Obispo 0 (0)
Grover Beach Grover Beach 12 (20)
Guadalupe Guadalupe 24 (39) Bus transport  Guadalupe Flyer
Lompoc–Surf Surf 51 (81)
Goleta Goleta 109 (176) Bus transport  MTD Santa Barbara
Santa Barbara Santa Barbara 119 (191)
Carpinteria Carpinteria 129 (207)
Ventura Ventura 145 (234)
Oxnard Oxnard 155 (250)
Camarillo Camarillo 164 (264)
Moorpark Moorpark 175 (282)
Simi Valley Simi Valley 186 (299)
Chatsworth Los Angeles (Chatsworth) 193 (311)
Northridge Los Angeles (Northridge)
Van Nuys Los Angeles (Van Nuys) 203 (326)
Hollywood Burbank Airport Burbank 208 (335)
Burbank–Downtown
Glendale Glendale 216 (348)
Los Angeles Los Angeles (Downtown) 222 (357)
Fullerton Fullerton 247 (398)
Anaheim Anaheim 253 (407)
Santa Ana Santa Ana 258 (415)
Irvine Irvine 267 (430)
San Juan Capistrano San Juan Capistrano 280 (450)
San Clemente Pier San Clemente 287 (462)
Oceanside Oceanside 309 (497)
Solana Beach Solana Beach 324 (521)
San Diego–Old Town San Diego 346 (557)
San Diego 350 (563)

Carlsbad Poinsettia, Carlsbad Village, Encinitas and Sorrento Valley stations were previously served under the "Rail 2 Rail" reciprocal pass program with Coaster, while Laguna Niguel/Mission Viejo and Orange were served under a similar program with Metrolink.

Statistics

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Annual ridership

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Ridership on the Pacific Surfliner peaked in fiscal year 2017, when it served nearly 3 million passengers.

Fiscal year Passengers
2023 1,517,425[30]
2022 1,634,087[31]
2021 840,962[32]
2020 1,397,158[33]
2019 2,776,654[34]
2018 2,946,239[34]
2017 2,989,871[35]
2016 2,924,117[36]
2015 2,827,134[37]
2014 2,681,173[37]
2013 2,705,823[38]
2012 2,640,342[38]
2011 2,786,972[39]
2010 2,613,604[40]
2009 2,592,996[41]
2008 2,898,859[42]
2007 2,707,188[42]

Rolling stock

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Coach/baggage/cab car #6908 on the Pacific Surfliner in Santa Barbara in 2018

The Pacific Surfliner uses push-pull trainsets with a diesel locomotive at one end and a cab car at the other. The COVID-19 pandemic saw a reduction in service from ten trainsets operating 27 daily trains to seven trainsets operating 20 daily trains.[43]

Trainsets used for regular service are composed from a fleet of 52 bi-level Surfliner coaches (39 owned by Amtrak and 13 by Caltrans), plus nine leased Amtrak Superliner long-distance coaches modified for push-pull operation. These Superliners are called flex cars, as they can be used for additional business class or coach seating, depending on the demand.[43]

A typical six-car set has a business class car; one Superliner car; two coach cars; a coach/café car with food sales on the lower level; and a coach/baggage/cab car equipped with coach seating, a checked baggage space on the lower level, and engineer's operating cab.[44]

LOSSAN has expressed interest in acquiring bi-level cars from a variety of sources, such as purchasing Surfliner and Superliner cars from Amtrak, as well as receiving bi-level cars from other Amtrak California services.[43][44]

The Surfliner cars were introduced in 2000–02, and were designed specifically to handle the demands of the nation's third-busiest rail line.[45] They replaced the California Cars which had been introduced on the San Diegan in 1996, and had been fraught with problems in the latter part of the 1990s.[46]

A dedicated fleet of 16 Caltrans-owned Siemens Charger locomotives began entering service in late 2018.[47][48][49] The Chargers replaced a fleet of 15 Amtrak-owned EMD F59PHI locomotives, which were sold to Metra in 2019.[50][51][44][52]

The Surfliner cars and Charger locomotives (and previously the F59PHI locomotives) are painted in a blue and silver livery that is unique to the Pacific Surfliner.[53][54]

Additional Amtrak-owned cars are added (up to 12-car consists) during periods of high demand, including San Diego Comic-Con, the San Diego County Fair, events at the Del Mar Racetrack, and after the 2018 Southern California mudflows closed Highway 101.[55][56]

References

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  1. ^ "Amtrak Fiscal Year 2023 Ridership" (PDF). Amtrak. November 27, 2023. Retrieved November 30, 2023.
  2. ^ a b c "Pacific Surfliner Timetable" (PDF). Amtrak. October 23, 2023.
  3. ^ "Transit and Intercity Rail Capital Program Sixth Round Selected Projects – Project Detail Summary" (PDF). California State Transportation Agency. April 24, 2023. p. 11. Retrieved October 11, 2023.
  4. ^ "Amtrak FY16 Ridership and Revenue Fact Sheet" (PDF). Amtrak. April 17, 2017. Retrieved February 21, 2018.
  5. ^ Sharp, Stephen (May 31, 2022). "$2.3B Union Station makeover takes another step forward". Urbanize LA. Archived from the original on May 31, 2022. Retrieved June 1, 2022.
  6. ^ "Link Union Station (Link US)". Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority. Archived from the original on January 7, 2017. Retrieved October 26, 2023.
  7. ^ "LOSSAN Corridorwide Strategic Implementation Plan, Final Report (April 2012)" (PDF). San Luis Obispo Council of Governments. Archived from the original (PDF) on January 18, 2021. Retrieved April 24, 2018.
  8. ^ "LOSSAN Board discusses JPA and the Future Governance of Passenger Rail in Southern California". Rail Passenger Association of California & Nevada. July 7, 2009. Retrieved December 6, 2009.
  9. ^ "Senate Bill No. 1225" California Secretary of State (September 29, 2012)
  10. ^ Sheehan, Tim (June 26, 2015). "Valley agency takes control of Amtrak San Joaquin trains". Fresno Bee. Retrieved February 11, 2016.
  11. ^ Weikel, Dan (January 27, 2015) "Little-known agency keeps commuter rail network on track" Los Angeles Times
  12. ^ Schmidt, Brian (November 30, 2022). "Amtrak San Diego service through the years". Trains. Retrieved December 4, 2022.
  13. ^ Gabbard, Dana (September 24, 2012). "History of the Surfliner, LOSSAN and a Look at Pending Legislation". StreetsBlog LA. OpenPlans. Retrieved April 11, 2014.
  14. ^ "Amtrak Pacific Surfliner Adds Four New stops" (Press release). Amtrak. September 18, 2013. Archived from the original on February 27, 2018. Retrieved February 27, 2018.
  15. ^ Diehl, Phil (September 21, 2017). "Amtrak to discontinue two stops, add one". San Diego Union Tribune.
  16. ^ "October 8, 2018 Schedule Change" (Press release). Amtrak. Archived from the original on November 26, 2018.
  17. ^ "AMTRAK PACIFIC SURFLINER INTRODUCES 13TH ROUNDTRIP" (Press release). Amtrak. October 10, 2019.
  18. ^ "Pacific Surfliner, Metrolink halt operations in South Orange County". Trains. September 30, 2022. Retrieved October 2, 2022.
  19. ^ "Pacific Surfliner, Metrolink facing 60-day service outage to Oceanside, San Diego official says". Trains. October 1, 2022. Retrieved October 2, 2022.
  20. ^ "News – Emergency Track Stabilization Work Set to Begin Next Week in South Orange County".
  21. ^ Connelly, Laylan (April 10, 2023). "Metrolink, Amtrak to resume full passenger train service through San Clemente". Orange County Register. Retrieved April 13, 2023.
  22. ^ Jennewein, Chris (April 28, 2023). "Amtrak, Metrolink Service to San Diego Still Unavailable Friday After Landslide in San Clemente". Times of San Diego. Retrieved May 1, 2023.
  23. ^ Lester, David C. (May 30, 2023). "Rail Service, Including Metrolink, Pacific Surfliner, Cleared to Resume Through San Clemente". Railway Track and Structures. Retrieved June 1, 2023.
  24. ^ Rendon, Karla (June 6, 2023). "Landslide in San Clemente Rail service out of North County again". NBC 7 San Diego. Retrieved June 7, 2023.
  25. ^ "Travel Advisories". LOSSAN Rail Corridor Agency. July 11, 2023. Archived from the original on July 12, 2023.
  26. ^ Rendon, Karla (January 25, 2024). "Landslide in San Clemente damages bridge and halts train service". NBC Los Angeles. Retrieved January 25, 2024.
  27. ^ "San Clemente Rail Closure Daily Update: Thursday, Feb. 1 State Emergency Declared" (Press release). Orange County Transportation Authority. February 1, 2024.
  28. ^ "Limited Amtrak Pacific Surfliner Rail Service Set to Resume Through San Clemente on Wednesday" (Press release). LOSSAN Rail Corridor Agency. March 5, 2024.
  29. ^ "Rail Service Set to Resume Monday, March 25 Through San Clemente" (Press release). LOSSAN Rail Corridor Agency. March 19, 2024.
  30. ^ "Amtrak Route Ridership FY23 vs. FY22" (PDF). December 1, 2023.
  31. ^ "Amtrak Route Ridership FY22 vs. FY21" (PDF). Amtrak. Retrieved November 29, 2022.
  32. ^ "Amtrak Route Ridership FY21 vs. FY19" (PDF). Amtrak. Retrieved April 19, 2022.
  33. ^ Amtrak FY20 Ridership (PDF) (Report). Amtrak. Retrieved August 30, 2024.
  34. ^ a b "Amtrak Route Ridership FY19 vs. FY18" (PDF). Amtrak. October 1, 2019. Retrieved November 24, 2019.
  35. ^ "Amtrak Route Ridership FY18 vs. FY17" (PDF). Amtrak. Retrieved August 30, 2024.
  36. ^ "Amtrak Fact Sheet, Fiscal Year 2016: State of California" (PDF). November 2016. p. 5. Retrieved May 11, 2018.
  37. ^ a b "Amtrak FY15 Ridership & Revenue" (PDF). Amtrak. June 29, 2016. Retrieved May 11, 2018.
  38. ^ a b "Amtrak Sets Ridership Record and Moves the Nation's Economy Forward" (PDF) (Press release). Amtrak. October 14, 2013. Archived from the original (PDF) on May 11, 2018. Retrieved June 10, 2016.
  39. ^ "Amtrak Ridership Rolls up Best-Ever Records" (PDF) (Press release). October 13, 2011. Archived from the original (PDF) on November 8, 2012.
  40. ^ "Amtrak Sets New Ridership Record, Thanks Passengers for Taking the Train" (PDF) (Press release). October 11, 2010. Retrieved August 31, 2024 – via Seattle Transit Blog.
  41. ^ "Amtrak Posts Second-Best Ridership in History" (PDF) (Press release). October 12, 2009. Retrieved August 31, 2024 – via Seattle Transit Blog.
  42. ^ a b "Heartland Flyer Ridership Rises Again, Amtrak Posts Another Record" (PDF) (Press release). Oklahoma Department of Transportation. October 31, 2008. Retrieved August 31, 2024.
  43. ^ a b c "LOSSAN Rail Corridor Agency Business Plan FY 2022-23 / FY 2023-24" (PDF). LOSSAN Rail Corridor Agency. April 2022. p. 61. Retrieved March 14, 2024.
  44. ^ a b c "Chapter 9: Equipment". LOSSAN Rail Corridor Agency Business Plan: FY 2018–19 to FY 2019–20 (PDF). Los Angeles – San Diego – San Luis Obispo Rail Corridor Agency. April 2018. pp. 41–47.
  45. ^ Alstom. "The Pacific Surfliner, Riding the California Coast" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on April 7, 2014. Retrieved April 2, 2014.
  46. ^ "STATE RAILROAD CARS PLAGUED WITH DEFECTS". Daily News. Los Angeles, CA. Associated Press. April 13, 1998. Archived from the original on March 5, 2016. Retrieved December 30, 2019.
  47. ^ "New, Cleaner Locomotives Coming Soon to the Amtrak Pacific Surfliner Service". Pacific Surfliner Blog. October 5, 2018. Retrieved November 29, 2018.
  48. ^ "Charger Locomotive Deployment: ' The California Experience'" (PDF). Next Generation Equipment Committee – 2019 Annual Meeting. American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials. February 22, 2019. Archived from the original (PDF) on August 7, 2020. Retrieved March 15, 2019.
  49. ^ Warner, David; Sutton, Harry (March 1, 2024). "Amtrak Motive Power Roster". On Track On Line. Retrieved March 14, 2024.
  50. ^ "Cleaner Locomotive Fleet Powers Up: 22 New Units Ordered for State-Supported Amtrak Corridors" (PDF). The Mile Marker. Caltrans. December 2016. pp. 31–32.
  51. ^ Young, Allen (November 6, 2015). "Siemens Sacramento nabs $240M multistate contract". Sacramento Business Journal.
  52. ^ "Metra moves to buy newer engines" (Press release). Metra. February 21, 2018. Archived from the original on April 13, 2021. Retrieved September 22, 2018.
  53. ^ "Official Paint Scheme and Logo Branding Guide" (PDF). Amtrak. August 17, 2018. Archived (PDF) from the original on September 18, 2018.
  54. ^ Solomon, Brian (2004). Amtrak. Saint Paul, Minnesota: MBI. pp. 114, 138. ISBN 978-0-7603-1765-5.
  55. ^ "EXTRA PACIFIC SURFLINER SERVICE AND CAPACITY ADDED FOR COMIC-CON". Pacific Surfliner Blog. Amtrak. July 11, 2018.
  56. ^ "Amtrak boosts Pacific Surfliner capacity in response to mudslides". Progressive Railroading. January 16, 2018.

Notes

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  1. ^ Amtrak's Fiscal Year (FY) runs from October 1 of the prior year to September 30 of the named year.
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