Françoise Marie Antoinette Saucerotte, called Mlle Raucourt (3 March 1756 – 15 January 1815) was a French actress, engaged at the Comédie Française in 1772-1799, where she became famous as a tragedienne.
Mlle Raucourt | |
|---|---|
 Mademoiselle Racourt by Augustin Pajou | |
| Born | Françoise Marie Antoinette Saucerotte 3 March 1756 |
| Died | 15 January 1815 (aged 58) Paris, France |
| Years active | 1768-1815 |
Life
editShe was born in Nancy as the daughter of an actor, who took her to Spain. There she played in tragedy at the age of twelve. By 1770 she was back in France at Rouen, and her success as Euphmie in Belloy's Gaston et Bayard caused her to be called to the Comédie Française.
Career at the Comédie Française
editIn 1772, she made her debut at the Comédie Française as Dido. She played all the classical tragedy parts to crowded houses, until the scandals of her private life and her extravagance ended her popularity.[1]
Her beauty and talent had made her famous, but her not so secret love affairs with other women made her notorious. She was known to have had numerous affairs with both men and women, preferring the latter. One on-again-off-again lover was opera soprano Sophie Arnould. Famous or not, in her time this could have a negative effect on a career, and a popular scandalous pamphlet claimed that she led a secret society of lesbians in Paris called the Sect of Anandrynes, although no such group existed.[2][3][4]
Part of the ensuing three years she was in prison for debt, but some of the time she spent in the capitals of northern Europe, followed everywhere by scandal. Under protection of the queen she reappeared at the Théâtre Français in 1779, and renewed her success in Paris, as Cleopatra, and all her former roles.
Later career
editAt the outbreak of the Revolution she was imprisoned for six months with other royalist members of the Comédie Française, and she did not reappear upon that stage until the close of 1793, and then only for a short time. In prison she met her last partner, Henriette Simonnot-Ponty, with whom she lived until death.[5] She deserted, with a dozen of the best actors in the company, to found a rival colony, but a summons from the Directory brought her back in 1797.
Napoleon gave her a pension, and in 1806 she was commissioned to organize and direct a company that was to tour Italy, where, especially in Milan, she was enthusiastically received. She returned to Paris a few months before her death on 15 January 1815.
Her funeral was the occasion of a riot. The clergy of her parish having refused to receive the body, the crowd broke in the church doors, and were only restrained from further violence by the arrival of an almoner sent posthaste by Louis XVIII. She is buried at the Père Lachaise Cemetery, in Paris.[1]
References
edit- ^ a b Chisholm 1911.
- ^ Stage Actors and Actresses Archived 2009-10-04 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ The Sexuality of History: Modernity and the Sapphic, 1565-1830, p. 201
- ^ Merrick, Jeffrey, and Bryant T. Ragan, eds. “Liberty, or Mademoiselle Raucourt to the Whole Anandrine Sect, Assembled in the Entry Hall of the Comédie-Française (1791).” In Homosexuality in Early Modern France: A Documentary Collection, 204–12. New York: Oxford University Press, 2001.
- ^ Who's who in Gay and Lesbian History: From Antiquity to World War II. Psychology Press. 2002. p. 432. ISBN 9780415159838. Retrieved 21 September 2017.
- Attribution
- "Françoise Raucourt". Stage and Film Lesbian Actresses. Archived from the original on October 4, 2009. Retrieved January 30, 2012.
- This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Raucourt, Mlle". Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
- Marie-Jo Bonnet, Les Deux Amies, Ed. Blanche, 2000.