Kheyang is the exonym of the Hyow. There Kheyang or the Hyow (খিয়াং), are a group of indigenous people inhabiting in the Chittagong Hill Tracts of Bangladesh and the Rakhine State of Myanmar. The Khyang are one of the smallest ethnic groups in Bangladesh with a population of only 4,826 according to the 2022 census.
| Total population | |
|---|---|
| 4,826 (In Bangladesh) according to the 2022 Bangladeshi census | |
| Regions with significant populations | |
| Majority populations in Bangladesh. In Bangladesh the Khyang reside in Rangamati District and Bandarban District of the Chittagong Hill Tracts. | |
| Religion | |
| Majority confess to Christianity and also to Theravada Buddhism |
Geographical Distribution
editAccording to 2022 census, there are 4,826 Khyang in Bangladesh. Among them, 2502 in Bandarban District and 1670 in Rangamati District.
| Upazila | District | Population | Percentage of Bom[1] |
|---|---|---|---|
| Rajasthali Upazila | Rangamati District | 1,420 | 5.09% |
| Bandarban Sadar Upazila | Bandarban District | 1,310 | 1.18% |
| Rowangchhari Upazila | Bandarban District | 652 | 2.35 |
| Thanchi Upazila | Bandarban District | 359 | 1.20% |
| Kaptai Upazila | Rangamati District | 177 | 0.32% |
| Ruma Upazila | Bandarban District | 158 | 0.49% |
| Others | <100 |
Etymology
editThe word Kheyang originated in khlɔng (see VanBik, 2009: 3–4), which means person in the language. The endonym Hyow means Chin.
History
editAccording to Kheyang chronicles, the Khyangs[2] with their king entered Chittagong Hill Tracts[citation needed] when their kingdom in Burma was overrun by the Burmese. But afterwards the king decided to go back to Burma. But his younger queen being pregnant could not accompany him. Hence she was left behind with some followers and kinsmen. The present Kheyang are the descendants of this queen and her retinue. However, the literature of the Burmese history tells that the Kheyang migrated with the Marma from the southern Myanmar in the late eighteenth century.[3][4] The Kheyang have two groups in Bangladesh: Laitu and Kongtu. The Kheyang were Buddhists but many converted to Christianity during the British period. Most Khyang today are under the Mong family or the "Royal Family" which is from Chandraghona, Rangamati Hill Districts in Bangladesh.
Social system
editEvery Khyang society has a leader who is called 'Karbari' or 'Headman'. Kheyang society has a patriarchal structure. The father of a family is the master of the house. If a village lacks a headman, the villagers unitedly appoint a leader. The leader solves all the disputes that may develop among the villagers and, thus, helps them live in peace. If a person is accused of any criminal wrongdoing, the headman takes steps in line with customary social laws.[5]
The accused is generally punished or forgiven, and the judgement is passed in front of all after measuring the enormity of the misdeed. Both the male and female of the Kheyang community are very industrious. Men dominate and especially follow the laws of society.[5]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ Cite error: The named reference
বাংলাদেশ পরিসংখ্যান ব্যুরোwas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ "Khyang". Banglapedia.
- ^ Phayre, A. (1883). History of Burma, including Burma proper, Pegu, Taungu, Tenasserim, and Arakan. From the earliest time to the end of the first war with British India. London: Trübner & Co. p. 172.
- ^ Brauns, C.; Löffler, L. (1990). Mru: Hill people on the border of Bangladesh. Berlin: Birkhäuser Verlag. p. 30.
- ^ a b "Khyengs Social System". Bangladesh Ethnobotany Online Database. Archived from the original on 5 July 2015.