Itabira is a Brazilian municipality and a major city in the state of Minas Gerais. The city belongs to the Belo Horizonte metropolitan area mesoregion and to the Itabira microregion.
Itabira | |
|---|---|
| Municipality of Itabira | |
 Flag  Coat of arms | |
| Nickname(s): | |
 Location in Minas Gerais | |
  Itabira Location in Brazil | |
| Coordinates: 19°37′08″S 43°13′37″W / 19.61889°S 43.22694°W | |
| Country |  Brazil |
| State |  Minas Gerais |
| Region | Southeast |
| Intermediate Region | Belo Horizonte |
| Immediate Region | Itabira |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Marco Antônio Lage (PSB) |
| Area | |
• Total | 1,253.704 km2 (484.058 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 795 m (2,608 ft) |
| Population (2020 est.)[6] | |
• Total | 120,904 |
| • Density | 96/km2 (250/sq mi) |
| Demonym | itabirano |
| Time zone | UTC−3 (BRT) |
| HDI (2010) | 0.756 – high[7] |
| Website | itabira |
It is currently the twenty-fourth largest city in the state in terms of population, with 120,904 inhabitants, according to a 2020 IBGE survey. It is known as the "Capital of Poetry", by virtue of being the birthplace of poet Carlos Drummond de Andrade, is part of the Circuit of the Gold and of Estrada Real.
History
editThe first settlements at the site date to the early eighteenth century, when the village of Itabira do Mato Dentro was founded by bandeirantes seeking gold. Itabira was politically emancipated as a municipality on 9 October 1848, through Provincial Law No. 374.[citation needed]
Geography
editIt is located in southeast Minas Gerais, 110 kilometers away from the state capital, Belo Horizonte and 845 kilometers away from the federal capital Brasília. The highest point in the city is 1,672 meters above sea level, and is known as Alto da Mutuca. Itabira is an access point for a number of smaller cities, such as Jaboticatubas, Santa Maria de Itabira, Itambé do Mato Dentro and Nova Era. The closest international airport is Tancredo Neves International Airport (Confins) in Belo Horizonte.
Itabira is a regional economic center, and hosts a thriving iron ore extraction operation headed by Companhia Vale do Rio Doce since 1942, when the company was created by President Getúlio Vargas specifically for the mineral exploration of the Rio Doce valley. As of 2017, it is the second largest mining company in the world, and a considerable part of its iron ore output comes from the mines at Itabira.[citation needed] As a result of the decades-old extraction operations, the city faces air pollution problems. [citation needed]
Culture
editIn Carlos Drummond de Andrade's poem "Confidência do Itabirano," the speaker remarks:[8]
"Tive ouro, tive gado, tive fazendas. Hoje sou funcionário público. Itabira é apenas uma fotografia na parede. Mas como dói!" |
"I had gold, I had cattle, I had farms.
Today I'm a public servant. Itabira is just a photograph on the wall. But oh, how it hurts!" |
Notable people
edit- Carlos Drummond de Andrade, poet and writer.
- Ana Beatriz Barros, Brazilian top model.
- Renan Oliveira, Brazilian footballer.
- Didi, former Brazilian footballer.
- Marco Túlio, Brazilian footballer.
- Talmo Oliveira, former volleyball player.
- Alessandro Vinícius, Brazilian footballer.
Sister cities - twin towns
editItabira has a one sister city:
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ "Creative Economy and Culture in Itabira, the City of Iron and Poetry". UNESCO (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 2023-05-23.
- ^ "ANIVERSÁRIO DE ITABIRA". Associação dos Municípios Mineradores de Minas Gerais (AMIG) (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 2023-05-23.
- ^ "Na "Cidade da Poesia", Festival Literário de Itabira homenageia Drummond pelos seus 120 anos". Midia Ninja (in Brazilian Portuguese). 2022-11-01. Retrieved 2023-05-23.
- ^ "Santa Maria de Itabira – Casa de D. Maria Prachedes". ipatrimônio (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 2023-05-23.
- ^ "Itabira – Muito além de Carlos Drummond de Andrade". 98FM (in Brazilian Portuguese). 2022-05-12. Retrieved 2023-05-23.
- ^ IBGE 2020
- ^ "IDHM 2010" (PDF). United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). Archived from the original (PDF) on July 8, 2014. Retrieved August 1, 2013.
- ^ "Confidência do Itabirano - Carlos Drummond de Andrade". Letras.mus.br (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 2020-02-29.
- ^ DeFato Online: Itabira é declarada cidade-irmã de Itajubá; o foco é o crescimento da Unifei
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