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German submarine U-117 (1941)

For other ships with the same name, see German submarine U-117.

German submarine U-117 was a Type XB minelaying U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II.

U-117 (right) and U-66 under attack by aircraft from the USS Card on 7 August 1943
History
Nazi Germany
NameU-117
Ordered31 January 1939
BuilderGermaniawerft, Kiel
Yard number616
Laid down1 July 1939
Launched22 July 1941
Commissioned25 October 1941[1]
FateSunk on 7 August 1943, by five Avenger aircraft while supplying U-66. All hands lost[1]
General characteristics
Class and typeType X submarine minelayer
Displacement
  • 1,763 tonnes (1,735 long tons) surfaced
  • 2,177 tonnes (2,143 long tons) submerged
Length
Beam
  • 9.20 m (30 ft 2 in) o/a
  • 4.75 m (15 ft 7 in) pressure hull
Height10.20 m (33 ft 6 in)
Draught4.71 m (15 ft 5 in)
Propulsion
Speed
  • 16.4–17 knots (30.4–31.5 km/h; 18.9–19.6 mph) surfaced
  • 7 knots (13 km/h; 8.1 mph) submerged
Range
  • 18,450 nautical miles (34,170 km; 21,230 mi) at 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph) surfaced
  • 93 nmi (172 km; 107 mi) at 4 knots (7.4 km/h; 4.6 mph) submerged
Test depthCalculated crush depth: 220 m (720 ft)
Complement5 officers, 47 enlisted
Armament
Service record[2][3]
Part of:
Identification codes: M 45 207
Commanders:
  • F.Kapt. Hans-Werner Neumann
  • 25 October 1941 - 7 August 1943
Operations:
  • 5 patrols:
  • 1st patrol:
  • a. 19 September - 5 October 1942
  • b. 10–11 October 1942
  • 2nd patrol:
  • 12 October - 22 November 1942
  • 3rd patrol:
  • a. 23 December 1942 - 7 February 1943
  • b. 7–8 March 1943
  • 4th patrol:
  • 31 March - 13 May 1943
  • 5th patrol:
  • 22 July - 7 August 1943
Victories:
  • 1 merchant ship total loss
    (7,092 GRT)
  • 1 merchant ship damaged
    (7,177 GRT)

She was ordered on 31 January 1939, and laid down on 1 July 1939, at Friedrich Krupp Germaniawerft, Kiel, as yard number 616. She was launched on 22 July 1941 and commissioned under the command of Fregattenkapitän Hans-Werner Neumann on 25 October of that year.[4]

Service record

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First patrol

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On 19 September 1942, U-117 departed from Kiel and headed out into the North Atlantic. Her first patrol involved sailing along the coast of Norway and then in the direction of Iceland. Upon reaching the island, she headed for her new home port of Lorient in France. U-117 made no attacks nor was she attacked during her first patrol.[5]

Second patrol

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Like her first patrol, U-117's second foray resulted in no attacks on either merchant vessels or the U-boat itself. Following her departure from Königsberg in East Prussia (now Kaliningrad) on 12 October 1942, she traveled up to Iceland once again. Then she headed south into the Bay of Biscay, she reached Lorient on 22 November 1942.[6]

Third patrol

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Much like her last two patrols, U-117's third sortie resulted in no contact with any Allied vessels. She departed Lorient on 23 December 1942, and returned on 3 February 1943.[7]

Fourth patrol

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U-117s fourth patrol was the first and last time that any Allied vessels were hit by the submarine. Following her departure from Lorient on 31 March 1943, she headed out into the Mid-Atlantic, made a sharp turn upon reaching the Canary Islands and headed for French Morocco. It was in this region that she scored her only two successes of the war. On 11 April 1943, Matt W. Ransom was hit and damaged by a mine from U-117. On 25 April 1943, SS Empire Morn struck another mine and was badly damaged.[8]

Fifth patrol and sinking

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On 1 December 1942, U-117 was assigned to the 12th U-boat Flotilla at Bordeaux. Her fifth and final patrol began on 22 July 1943 from her base in Bordeaux. Her main objective on this patrol was to lay 66 mines off New York City. On 27 July, U-Boat Control directed U-117 to divert from her course to refuel U-66, which was also heading for North America. U-66 was attacked by aircraft on 3 August, before the rendezvous took place, and was in need of medical assistance.[9] U-117 reached U-66 on 6 August and transferred her ship's doctor and other essentials to U-66.

The next day, Grumman TBF Avenger aircraft (VC-1 USN) from the escort carrier USS Card attacked the two U-boats on the surface while U-117 was refueling U-66. The Avengers dropped depth charges near U-117 and U-66. U-117 tried to help U-66 during the attack, but was attacked herself by a FIDO homing torpedo dropped by another Avenger. Two more Avengers and two F4F Wildcats arrived later from USS Card and forced U-117 to dive and then dropped depth charges. U-117 was hit by one of two FIDO homing torpedoes dropped by the Avengers and sank with the loss of all crew. U-66 was able to escape the Avengers during the attack and make her way back to her home port of Lorient.[1][10]

Summary of raiding history

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Results[11]
Date Name Flag GRT Notes
11 April 1943 Matt W. Ransom   United States 7,177 Damaged by mine
25 April 1943 Empire Morn   United Kingdom 7,092 Sunk by mine

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b c Kemp 1999, p. 140.
  2. ^ Helgason, Guðmundur. "The Type XB boat U-117". German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net. Retrieved 27 December 2012.
  3. ^ Helgason, Guðmundur. "War Patrols by German U-boat U-117". German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net. Retrieved 27 December 2012.
  4. ^ Helgason, Guðmundur. "U-117". German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net. Retrieved 27 December 2012.
  5. ^ Helgason, Guðmundur. "Patrol info for U-117 (first patrol)". German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net. Retrieved 29 January 2010.
  6. ^ Helgason, Guðmundur. "Patrol info for U-117 (second patrol)". German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net. Retrieved 29 January 2010.
  7. ^ Helgason, Guðmundur. "Patrol info for U-117 (third patrol)". German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net. Retrieved 29 January 2010.
  8. ^ Helgason, Guðmundur. "Patrol info for U-117 (fourth patrol)". German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net. Retrieved 29 January 2010.
  9. ^ Blair 2000, pp. 383–384.
  10. ^ Helgason, Guðmundur. "Patrol info for U-117 (fifth patrol)". German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net. Retrieved 14 February 2010.
  11. ^ Helgason, Guðmundur. "Ships hit by U-117". German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net. Retrieved 3 October 2014.

Bibliography

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  • Busch, Rainer; Röll, Hans-Joachim (1999). German U-boat commanders of World War II : a biographical dictionary. Translated by Brooks, Geoffrey. London, Annapolis, Md: Greenhill Books, Naval Institute Press. ISBN 1-55750-186-6.
  • Busch, Rainer; Röll, Hans-Joachim (1999). Deutsche U-Boot-Verluste von September 1939 bis Mai 1945 [German U-boat losses from September 1939 to May 1945]. Der U-Boot-Krieg (in German). Vol. IV. Hamburg, Berlin, Bonn: Mittler. ISBN 3-8132-0514-2.
  • Gröner, Erich; Jung, Dieter; Maass, Martin (1991). U-boats and Mine Warfare Vessels. German Warships 1815–1945. Vol. 2. Translated by Thomas, Keith; Magowan, Rachel. London: Conway Maritime Press. ISBN 0-85177-593-4.
  • Kemp, Paul (1999). U-Boats Destroyed - German Submarine Losses in the World Wars. London: Arms & Armour. ISBN 1-85409-515-3.
  • Blair, Clay (2000). Hitler's U-Boat War: The Hunted, 1942–1945 (Modern Library Paperback ed.). New York: Random House. ISBN 0-679-64033-9.
  • Williamson, Gordon; Palmer, Ian (2002). Kriegsmarine U-boats 1939–45: Vol 2. Osprey. ISBN 1-84176-364-0.
edit
  • Helgason, Guðmundur. "U-117". German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net. Retrieved 27 December 2012.
  • Hofmann, Markus. "U-117". Deutsche U-Boote 1935-1945 - u-boot-archiv.de (in German). Retrieved 6 June 2024.

39°42′N 38°21′W / 39.700°N 38.350°W / 39.700; -38.350

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